Insulator: From chromatin domain boundary to gene regulation

Human Genetics

Volumn 109, Issue 5, 2001, Pages 471-478

  Zhan, H C ^a   Liu, D P ^a   Liang, C C ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DNA; RNA;

ASSAY; CHROMATIN; DROSOPHILA; GENE CONTROL; GENE LOCUS; GENE MAPPING; GENE SEQUENCE; GENE STRUCTURE; GENE THERAPY; GENETIC ANALYSIS; GENETIC MODEL; GENOME; HUMAN; POSITION EFFECT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DOMAIN; REGULATOR GENE; REGULATORY MECHANISM; REVIEW; TRANSGENE; XENOPUS;

ANIMALS; CHROMATIN; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; HUMANS;

EID: 0035187462     PISSN: 03406717     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s004390100601     Document Type: Review

References (63)

1. The Fab-8 boundary defines the distal limit of the bithorax complex iab-7 domain and insulates iab-7 from initiation elements and a PRE in the adjacent iab-8 domain
2. Stopped at the border: Boundaries and insulators
3. Methylation of a CTCF-dependent boundary controls imprinted expression of the Igf2 gene
4. The protein CTCF is required for the enhancer-blocking activity of vertebrate insulators
5. Description and targeted deletion of 5′ hypersensitive site 5 and 6 of the mouse β-globin locus control region
6. A 5′ element of the chicken beta-globin domain serves as an insulator in human erythroid cells and protects against position effect in Drosophila
7. The boundaries of the silenced HMR domain in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
8. Distance-independent inactivation of an enhancer by the suppressor of hairy-wing DNA-binding protein of Drosophila
9. The activity of the scs and scs' insulator elements is not dependent on chromosomal context
10. Looping, linking, and chromatin activity: New insights into beta-globin locus regulation
11. A large upstream region is not necessary for gene expression or hypersensitive site formation at the mouse β-globin locus
12. Cohabitation of scaffold binding regions with upstream/enhancer elements of three developmentally regulated genes of D. melanogaster
13. Characterization of functional domains of the Su(Hw) protein that mediate the silencing effect of Mod(mdg4) mutations
14. A Drosophila protein that imparts directionality on a chromatin insulator is an enhancer of position-effect variegation
15. Polycomb and trithorax group proteins mediate the function of a chromatin insulator
16. A chromatin insulator determines the nuclear localization of DNA
17. The role of insulator elements in defining domains of gene expression
18. DNA position-specific repression of transcription by a Drosophila zinc finger protein
19. Tissue-specific transcriptional enhancers may act in trans on the gene located in the homologous chromosome: The molecular basis of transvection in Drosophila
20. Interactions between the Su(Hw) and Mod(mdg4) proteins required for gypsy insulator function
21. Reduction of transcription by homologue asynapsis in Drosophila imaginal discs
22. Fab-7 functions as a chromatin domain boundary to ensure proper segment specification by the Drosophila bithorax complex
23. CTCF mediates methylation-sensitive enhancer-blocking activity at the H19/Igf2 locus
24. The scs' boundary element: Characterization of boundary element-associated factors
25. A direct link between core histone acetylation and transcriptionally active chromatin
26. Core histone hyperacetylation comaps with generalized DNase I sensitivity in the chicken b-globin chromosomal domain
27. Repression of hsp70 heat shock gene transcription by the suppressor of hairy-wing protein of Drosophila melanogaster
28. Role of DNA sequences outside the cores of DNase hypersensitive sites (HSs) in functions of the β-globin locus control region. Domain opening and synergism between HS2 and HS3
29. Position-independent transgene expression mediated by boundary elements from the apolipoprotein B chromatin domain
30. Mcp and Fab-7: Molecular analysis of putative boundaries of cis-regulatory domains in the bithorax complex of Drosophila melanogaster
31. The scs and scs' insulator elements impart a cis requirement on enhancer-promoter interactions
32. Structure and function in the nucleus
33. The limits of the DNase I-sensitive domain of the human apolipoprotein B gene coincide with the locations of chromosomal anchorage loops and define the 5′ and 3′ boundaries of the gene
34. Hypersensitive site 5 of human locus control region functions as a chromatin insulator
35. In situ dissection of the Fab-7 region of the bithorax complex into a chromatin domain boundary and a polycomb-response element
36. Organization of the higher-order chromatin loop: Specific DNA attachment sites on nuclear scaffold
37. Genes regulating the remote wing margin enhancer in the Drosophila cut locus
38. Chip, a widely expressed chromosomal protein required for segmentation and activity of a remote wing margin enhancer in Drosophila
39. A nuclear matrix/scaffold attachment region colocalizes with the gypsy retrotransposon insulator sequence
40. Human matrix attachment regions insulate transgene expression from chromosomal position effects in Drosophila melanogaster
41. GAGA mediates the enhancer blocking activity of the eve promoter in the Drosophila embryo
42. Different core promoters possess distinct regulatory activities in the Drosophila embryo
43. Enhancer blocking activity located near the 3′ end of the sea urchin early H2A histone gene
44. The chicken 5′ matrix attachment region increases transcription from a heterologous promoter in heterologous cells and dampens position effects on the expression of transfected genes
45. Transcriptional activation by recruitment
46. The cHS4 insulator increases the probability of retroviral expression at random chromosomal integration sites
47. The repeat organizer, a specialized insulator element within the intergenic spacer of the Xenopus rRNA genes
48. Nipped-B, a Drosophila homologue of chromosomal adherins, participates in activation by remote enhancers in the cut and Ultrabithorax genes
49. Structural and functional conservation at the boundaries of the chicken β-globin domain
50. Enhancer blocking by the Drosophila gypsy insulator depends upon insulator anatomy and enhancer strength
51. Transvection in the Drosophila Abd-B domain: Extensive upstream sequences are involved in anchoring distant cis-regulatory regions to the promoter
52. The Drosophila melanogaster suppressor of Hairy- wing protein binds to specific sequences of the gypsy retrotransposon
53. A nuclear DNA attachment element mediates elevated and position-independent gene activity
54. SARs are cis DNA elements of chromosome dynamics: Synthesis of a SAR repressor protein
55. Scaffold attachment regions in centromere-associated DNA
56. Chip interacts with diverse homeo-domain proteins and potentiates bicoid activity in vivo
57. The 87A7 chromomere. Identification of novel chromatin structures flanking the heat shock locus that may define boundaries of higher order domains
58. The chicken β-globin 5′HS4 boundary element blocks enhancer-mediated suppression of silencing
59. Chromosomal subunits in active genes have an altered conformation
60. A 5′ β-globin matrix-attachment region and the polyoma enhancer together confer position-independent transcription
61. Visualization of chromosomal domains with boundary element-associated factor BEAF-32
62. An enhancer-blocking element between alpha and delta gene segment within the human T cell receptor alpha/delta locus
63. A novel cis-regulatory element, the PTS, mediates an anti-insulator activity in the Drosophila embryo