SCOPUS 정보 검색 플랫폼

Volumn 46, Issue 6, 2001, Pages 1719-1736

Analytical calculation of the portal scatter to primary dose ratio: An EGS4 Monte Carlo and experimental validation at large air gaps

(2) Ozard, S R a,b Grein, E E a

a BRITISH COLUMBIA CANCER AGENCY (Canada)

b UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ELECTRON SCATTERING; MONTE CARLO METHODS; PHOTONS;

IONIZATION CHAMBER;

APPROXIMATION THEORY;

WATER;

AIR; ARTICLE; COMPTON EFFECT; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOSIMETRY; ELECTRON RADIATION; EXPERIMENTATION; IONIZATION; NECK; PELVIS; PHANTOM; PHOTON; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIATION BEAM; RADIATION DETECTOR; RADIATION SCATTERING; SYSTEM ANALYSIS; THORAX; VALIDATION PROCESS;

EID: 0034988053 PISSN: 00319155 EISSN: None Source Type: Journal
DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/46/6/310 Document Type: Article

Times cited : (7)

References (45)

1
- 0024424112
- Collapsed cone convolution of radiant energy for photon dose calculation in heterogeneous media
- (1989) Med. Phys. , vol.16 , pp. 577-591
- Ahnesjo, A.¹

2
- 0023138959
- PRESTA-the parameter reduced electron-step transport algorithm for electron Monte Carlo transport
- (1989) Nucl. Instrum. Methods B , vol.18 , pp. 165-181
- Bielajew, A.F.¹ Rogers, D.W.O.²

3
- 0031045088
- A convolution model to convert transmission dose images to exit dose distributions
- (1997) Med. Phys. , vol.24 , pp. 189-199
- Boellaard, R.¹ van Herk, M.² Mijnheer, B.³

4
- 0030786466
- Two-dimensional exit dosimetry using a liquid-filled electronic portal imaging device and a convolution model
- (1997) Radiother. Oncol. , vol.44 , pp. 149-157
- Boellaard, R.¹ van Herk, M.² Uiterwaal, H.³ Mijnheer, B.⁴

5
- 0032076492
- New method to obtain the midplane dose using portal in vivo dosimetry
- (1998) Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. , vol.41 , pp. 465-474
- Boellaard, R.¹ Essers, M.² van Herk, M.³ Mijnheer, B.⁴

6
- 0004908829
- Cross-sectional Anatomy Computed Tomography and Ultrasound Correlation (New York: Prentice-Hall)
- (1977)
- Carter, B.L.¹ Morehead, J.² Wolpert, S.M.³ Hammerschlag, S.B.⁴ Griffiths, H.J.⁵ Kahn, P.C.⁶

7
- 0018629893
- Influence of metal screens on contrast in megavoltage x-ray imaging
- (1979) Med. Phys. , vol.6 , pp. 487-493
- Droege, R.T.¹ Bjarngard, B.E.²

8
- 0029872559
- Transmission dosimetry with a liquid-filled electronic portal imaging device
- (1996) Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. , vol.34 , pp. 931-941
- Essers, M.¹ Boellaard, R.² van Herk, M.³ Lanson, H.⁴ Mijnheer, B.⁵

9
- 0028875532
- Dosimetric characteristics of a liquid-filled electronic portal imaging device
- (1995) Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. , vol.33 , pp. 1265-1272
- Essers, M.¹ Hoogervorst, B.R.² van Herk, M.³ Lanson, H.⁴ Mijnheer, B.⁵

10
- 0033556681
- In vivo dosimetry during external photon beam radiotherapy
- (1999) Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. , vol.43 , pp. 245-259
- Essers, M.¹ Mijnheer, B.J.²

11
- 0033033732
- Radiological thickness measurement using a liquid ionization chamber electronic portal imaging device
- (1999) Phys. Med. Biol. , vol.44
- Evans, P.M.¹ Donovan, E.M.² Partridge, M.³ Bidmead, A.M.⁴ Garton, A.⁵ Mubata, C.⁶

12
- 0030002611
- The application of transit dosimetry to precision radiotherapy
- (1996) Med. Phys. , vol.23 , pp. 713-721
- Hansen, V.N.¹ Evans, P.M.² Swindell, W.³

13
- 0030866641
- Extraction of primary signal from EPIDs using forward only convolution
- (1997) Med. Phys. , vol.24 , pp. 1477-1484
- Hansen, V.N.¹ Swindell, W.² Evans, P.M.³

14
- 0004839662
- International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements Tissue substitutes in radiation dosimetry and measurement ICRU Report 44 (Washington, DC: ICRU)
- (1989)

15
- 0028013108
- X-ray scatter in megavoltage transmission radiography: Physical characteristics and influence on image quality
- (1994) Med. Phys. , vol.21 , pp. 45-60
- Jaffray, D.A.¹ Battista, J.J.² Fenster, A.³ Munro, P.⁴

16
- 0003868944
- 4th edn (Springfield, IL: Thomas)
- (1984) The Physics of Radiology , pp. 723-725
- Johns, H.E.¹ Cunningham, J.R.²

17
- 0019485018
- A formalism for calculation of absorbed dose to a medium from photon and electron beams
- (1981) Med. Phys. , vol.8 , pp. 1-12
- Loevinger, R.¹

18
- 0004892496
- Analytical predictions of first scatter energy fluence into a portal imaging device
- (Phoenix, AZ)
- (1998) EPI98 5th Int. Workshop on Electronic Portal Imaging , pp. 104-105
- McCurdy, B.M.C.¹ Pistorius, S.²

19
- 0034007641
- Photon scatter in portal images: Physical characteristics of pencil beam kernels generated using the EGS Monte Carlo code
- (2000) Med. Phys. , vol.27 , pp. 312-320
- McCurdy, B.M.C.¹ Pistorius, S.²

20
- 0034081125
- Photon scatter in portal images: Accuracy of a fluence based pencil beam superposition algorithm
- (2000) Med. Phys. , vol.27 , pp. 913-922
- McCurdy, B.M.C.¹ Pistorius, S.²

21
- 0033796023
- A two-step algorithm for predicting portal dose images in arbitrary detectors
- (2000) Med. Phys. , vol.27 , pp. 2109-2116
- McCurdy, B.M.C.¹ Piatorius, S.²

22
- 0030770289
- Analysis and convergence of the iterative convolution/superposition dose reconstruction technique for multiple treatment beams and tomotherapy
- (1997) Med. Phys. , vol.24 , pp. 1465-1476
- McNutt, T.R.¹ Mackie, T.R.² Paliwal, R.³

23
- 0029790894
- Modeling dose distributions from portal dose images using the convolution/superposition method
- (1996) Med. Phys. , vol.23 , pp. 1381-1392
- McNutt, T.R.¹ Mackie, T.R.² Reckwerdt, P.³ Paliwal, R.⁴

24
- 0029892227
- Calculation of portal dose using the convolution/superposition method
- (1996) Med. Phys. , vol.23 , pp. 527-535
- McNutt, T.R.¹ Mackie, T.R.² Reckwerdt, P.³ Papanikolaou, N.⁴ Paliwal, R.⁵

25
- 0021849353
- Energy and angular distributions of photons from medical linear accelerators
- (1985) Med. Phys. , vol.21 , pp. 592-597
- Mohan, R.¹ Chui, C.² Lidofsky, L.³

26
- 0004892497
- The EGS4 code system Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Report SLAC-265
- (1985)
- Nelson, W.R.¹ Hirayama, H.² Rogers, D.W.O.³

27
- 0031833285
- Study of lung density corrections in a clinical trial (RTOG 88-08)
- Radiation Therapy Oncology Group.
- (1998) Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. , vol.41 , pp. 787-794
- Orton, C.G.¹ Chungbin, S.² Klein, E.E.³ Gillin, M.T.⁴ Schultheiss, T.E.⁵ Sause, W.T.⁶

28
- 0004846168
- Calibration of the Varian portal imager for dosimetry
- (1998) Med. Phys. , vol.25 , pp. 1078
- Ozard, S.¹ El-Khatib, E.²

29
- 0004868082
- Portal detector scatter dose calculation: Comparison of convolution/superposition with Monte Carlo
- (1999) Med. Phys. , vol.26 , pp. 1431
- Ozard, S.¹ El-Khatib, E.²

30
- 0004846292
- Monte Carlo validation of a portal imager scatter dose model
- (2000) Med. Phys. , vol.27 , pp. 1439
- Ozard, S.¹ El-Khatib, E.²

31
- 0031803138
- Portal dose image (PDI) prediction for dosimetric treatment verification in radiotherapy. I. An algorithm for open beams
- (1998) Med. Phys. , vol.26 , pp. 830-840
- Pasma, K.L.¹ Heijmen, B.J.M.² Kroonwijk, M.³ Visser, A.G.⁴

32
- 0031854569
- Accurate portal dose measurements with a fluoroscopic electronic portal imaging device (EPID) for open and wedged beams and dynamic multileaf collimation
- (1998) Phys. Med. Biol. , vol.43 , pp. 2047-2060
- Pasma, K.L.¹ Kroonwijk, M.² de Boer, J.C.J.³ Visser, A.G.⁴ Heijmen, B.J.M.⁵

33
- 0032784892
- Transit dosimetry with an electronic portal imaging device (EPID) for 115 prostate cancer patients
- (1999) Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. , vol.45 , pp. 1297-1303
- Pasma, K.L.¹ Kroonwijk, M.² Quint, S.³ Visser, A.G.⁴ Heijmen, B.J.M.⁵

34
- 0031789184
- The use of an electronic portal imaging system to measure portal dose and portal dose profiles
- (1998) Med. Phys. , vol.25 , pp. 1903-1909
- Parsaei, H.¹ El-Khatib, E.² Rajapakshe, R.³

35
- 0033040557
- Lung compensator design using an electronic portal imaging device
- (1999) Med. Dosim. , vol.42 , pp. 67-71
- Parsaei, H.¹ Hussein, S.² El-Khatib, E.³

36
- 0031711211
- The practical implementation of a scatter model for portal imaging at 10 MV
- (1998) Phys. Med. Biol. , vol.43 , pp. 2685-2693
- Partridge, M.¹ Evans, P.M.²

37
- 0004844226
- The Dosimetry of Ionizing Radiation (New York: Academic)
- (1989) , pp. 481-521
- Rogers, D.W.O.¹ Bielajew, A.F.²

38
- 0021696013
- Implementation of the delta-volume dose calculation algorithm
- (Toronto, 1984) (Silver Spring, MD: IEEE Computer Society Press)
- (1984) Proc. 8th Int. Conf. on the Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy , pp. 78-82
- Rosenberger, F.¹ Krippner, K.² Stein D., Jr.³ Wong, J.⁴

39
- 0034023788
- Direct measurement and analytical modeling of scatter in portal imaging
- (2000) Med. Phys. , vol.27 , pp. 462-471
- Spies, L.¹ Evans, P.M.² Partridge, M.³ Hansen, V.N.⁴ Bortfeld, T.⁵

40
- 0030047716
- Scattered radiation in portal images: A Monte Carlo simulation and a simple physical model
- (1996) Med. Phys. , vol.23 , pp. 63-73
- Swindell, W.¹ Evans, P.M.²

41
- 0026076098
- The design of megavoltage projection imaging systems: Some theoretical aspects
- (1991) Med. Phys. , vol.18 , pp. 855-866
- Swindell, W.¹ Morton, E.J.² Evans, P.M.³ Lewis, D.G.⁴

42
- 0032767841
- X-ray spectra estimation using attenuation measurements from 25 kVp to 18 MV
- (1999) Med. Phys. , vol.26 , pp. 1269-1278
- Waggener, R.G.¹ Blough, J.A.² Terry, D.C.³ Lee, N.E.⁴ Zhang, S.⁵ McDavid, W.D.⁶

43
- 0025373276
- Portal dose images I: Quantitative treatment plan verification
- (1990) Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. , vol.18 , pp. 1455-1463
- Wong, J.W.¹ Slessinger, E.D.² Hermes, R.E.³ Offutt, C.J.⁴ Roy, T.⁵ Vannier, M.W.⁶

44
- 0021696014
- The delta-volume method for 3-dimensional photon dose calculations
- (Toronto, 1984) (Silver Spring, MD: IEEE Computer Society Press)
- (1984) Proc. 8th Int. Conf. on Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy , pp. 26-30
- Wong, J.W.¹ Slessinger, E.D.² Rosenberger, F.U.³ Krippner, K.⁴ Purdy, J.A.⁵

45
- 0025321153
- Portal dose images II: Patient dose estimation
- (1990) Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. , vol.18 , pp. 1465-1475
- Ying, X.¹ Geer, L.Y.² Wong, J.W.³

* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.