X-ray spectra estimation using attenuation measurements from 25 kVp to 18 MV

Medical Physics

Volumn 26, Issue 7, 1999, Pages 1269-1278

  Waggener, Robert G ^a   Blough, Melissa M ^a   Terry, James A ^b   Chen, Di ^c   Lee, Nina E ^c   Zhang, Sean ^d   McDavid, William D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT SAN ANTONIO   (United States)

^b TULANE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c BROOKE ARMY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^d University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio   (United States)

Author keywords

Attenuation curves; Diagnostic; Mammography; Megavoltage; Spectra

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC SPECTRA; ITERATIVE METHODS; MAMMOGRAPHY; PERTURBATION TECHNIQUES; PLASMA DIAGNOSTICS; TRANSMISSIONS; X RAY SPECTROGRAPHS;

ALUMINUM FILTERS; ATTENUATION CURVE; ATTENUATION MEASUREMENTS; DIAGNOSTIC; INFORMATION CONCERNING; ITERATIVE PERTURBATION; MEGAVOLTAGE; TRANSMISSION CURVE;

X RAYS;

ARTICLE; ENERGY TRANSFER; FILTER; MAMMOGRAPHY; MEGAVOLTAGE RADIATION; PHOTON; PRIORITY JOURNAL; X RAY SPECTROMETRY;

EID: 0032767841     PISSN: 00942405     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1118/1.598622     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. L. Siberstein, "Determination of the spectral composition of x-ray radiation from filtration data," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 22, 265-280 (1932).
2. L. Siberstein, "Spectral composition of an x-ray radiation determined from its filtration curve," Philos. Mag. XV, No. 98, Suppl: Feb. 375-394 (1933), 2C.
3. G. E. Bell, "Spectral distribution in the continuous x-ray spectrum and the specification of x-ray quality," Br. J. Radiol. 9, 680-688 (1936).
4. D. E. A. Jones, "Determination from absorption of the distribution of x-ray intensity in the continuous x-ray spectrum," Br. J. Radiol. 13, 95-101 (1940).
5. J. R. Greening, "The determination of x-ray energy distributions by the absorption method," Br. J. Radiol. 20, 71-78 (1947).
6. J. R. Greening, "The determination of x-ray radiation determined from its filtration curve," Proc. Phys. Soc. London, Sect. A 63, 1227-1234 (1950).
7. J. R. Greening, "The derivation of approximate x-ray spectral distributions and an analysis of x-ray 'quality' specifications," Br. J. Radiol. 36, 363-371 (1963).
8. J. W. Twidell, "The determination of x-ray spectra using attenuation measurements and a computer program," Phys. Med. Biol. 3, 529-539 (1970).
9. M. H. Unsworth and J. R. Greening, "Theoretical continuous and L-characteristic x-ray spectra for tungsten target tubes operated at 10-50 kVp," Phys. Med. Biol. 15, 621-630 (1970).
10. B. W. Soole, "The effect of target absorption on the attenuation characteristics of bremsstrahlung generated at constant medium potentials," J. Phys. B 5, 1583-1595 (1972).
11. B. W. Soole, "A method of x-ray attenuation analysis for approximating the intensity distribution at its point of origin of bremsstrahlung excited in a thick target by incident electrons of constant medium energy," Phys. Med. Biol. 21, 369-389 (1976).
12. P. M. Joseph, "Mathematical model for determining kVp from x-ray attenuation measurements," Med. Phys. 2, 201-207 (1975).
13. L. Stanton, J. L. Day, D. A. Lightfoot, T. Villafana, and P. L. Rauch, "Rapid compilation of diagnostic x-ray bremsstrahlung spectra," Radiology 130, 477-484 (1979).
14. L. C. Baird, "X-ray spectra versus attenuation data: A theoretical analysis," Med. Phys. 8, 319-323 (1981).
15. P. H. Huang, K. R. Kase, and B. E. Bjarngard, "Spectral characterization of 4 MV bremsstrahlung by attenuation analysis," Med. Phys. 8, 368-374 (1981).
16. P. H. Huang, K. R. Kase, and B. E. Bjarngard, "Simulation studies of 4 MV x-ray spectral reconstruction by numerical analysis of transmission data," Med. Phys. 9, 695-702 (1982).
17. P. H. Huang, K. R. Kase, and B. E. Bjarngard, "Reconstruction of a 4 MV bremsstrahlung spectra from measured transmission data," Med. Phys. 10, 778-785 (1983).
18. M. Rubio and R. T. Mainardi, "Determination of x-ray spectra including characteristic line intensities from attenuation data," Phys. Med. Biol. 29, 1371-1376 (1984).
19. B. R. Archer and L. K. Wager, "A Laplace transform model for spectral reconstruction," Med. Phys. 9, 844-847 (1982).
20. B. R. Archer, P. R. Almond, and L. K. Wagner, "Application of a Laplace transform pair model for high energy spectral reconstruction," Med. Phys. 12, 630-633 (1985).
21. B. R. Archer, L. K. Wagner, D. A. Johnston, P. R. Almond, and S. C. Bushong, "Analysis of error in spectral reconstruction with a Laplace transform pair model," Phys. Med. Biol. 30, 411-418 (1985).
22. P. Huang, T. Chen, and K. R. Kase, "Reconstruction of diagnostic x-ray spectra by numerical analysis of transmission data," Med. Phys. 13, 707-710 (1986).
23. B. R. Archer and L. K. Wagner, "Determination of diagnostic x-ray spectra with characteristic radiation using attenuation analysis," Med. Phys. 15, 637-641 (1988).
24. A. Piermattei, G. Arcovito, F. Andreasi, and L. Azario, "Reconstruction of 9 MV bremsstrahlung spectrum analysis of measured transmission measurement," Phys. Med. Biol. 14, 43-57 (1987).
25. B. R. Archer, T. R. Fewell, and L. K. Wagner, "Laplace reconstruction of experimental diagnostic x-ray spectra," Med. Phys. 15, 832-837 (1988).
26. A. Piermattei, A. Arcovito, G. Andreasi, and L. Azario, "Reconstruction of 9 MV bremsstrahlung spectrum analysis of measured transmission measurement," Med. Phys. 14, 43-57 (1987).
27. A. Piermattei, G. Arcovito, L. Azario, L. Bacci, E. Bianciardi, De Sapio, and C. Giacco, "A study of quality of bremsstrahlung spectra reconstructed from transmission measurements," Med. Phys. 17, 227-233 (1990).
28. P. Francois, A. Catala, and C. Scouarnec, "Simulation of x-ray spectral reconstruction from transmission data by direct resolution of the numeric system AF = T," Med. Phys. 20, 1695-1703 (1993).
29. B. E. Bjarngard and H. Shackford, "Attenuation in high-energy x-ray beams," Med. Phys. 21, 1069-1703 (1994).
30. A. Catalal, P. Francois, and J. Bonnet, "Reconstruction of 12 MV bremsstrahlung spectra from measured transmission data by direct resolution of the numeric system AF = T," Med. Phys. 22, 3-10 (1995).
31. M. Krmar, J. Slivka, I. Bikit, M. Veskovic, and Lj. Conkic, "Evaluation of bremsstrahlung spectra generated by a 4 MeV linear accelerator," Med. Phys. 23, 651-654 (1996).
32. P. Francois, F. Coste, J. Bonnet, and O. Caselles, "Validation of reconstructed bremsstrahlung spectra between 6 and 25 MV from measured transmission data," Med. Phys. 24, 769-773 (1997).
33. C. Ruth and P. M. Joseph, "Estimation of a photon energy spectrum for a computed tomography scanner," Med. Phys. 24, 695-702 (1997).
34. V. Delgado and P. Ortiz, "Determination of the energy fluence of diagnostic x-ray beams from field measurements of attenuation curves," Med. Phys. 24, 1089-1095 (1997).
35. C. R. Baker, B. Ama'ee, and N. M. Spyrou, "Reconstruction of mega-voltage photon spectra by attenuation analysis," Phys. Med. Biol. 40, 529-542 (1995).
36. C. R. Baker and K. K. Peck, "Reconstruction of 6 MV photon spectra from measured transmission including maximum energy estimation," Phys. Med. Biol. 42, 2041-2051 (1997).
37. J. M. Hubbell and S. M. Seltzer, "Tables of X-ray Mass Attenuation Coefficients and Mass Energy Absorption Coefficients 1 keV to 20 MeV for Elements Z = 1 to 92 and 48 Additional Substances of Dosimetric Interest," U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards, NISTIR 5632 (1995).
38. G. R. Strang, Introduction to Applied Mathematics (Wellesley-Cambridge Press, 1986), Chap. 6.
39. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 70th ed. (CRC, Boca Raton, Florida, E 152-E-198, 1970).
40. T. Fewell and R. Shuping, Handbook of Mammographic X-Ray Spectra (U.S. Dept. of Health, Education and Welfare, Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration, Bureau of Radiological Health. 1978).
41. M. M. Blough, R. G. Waggener, W. H. Payne, and J. A. Terry, "Calculated mammographic spectra confirmed with attenuation curves for molybdenum, rhodium, and tungsten targets," Med. Phys. 25, 1605-1612 (1998).
42. R. Birch, M. Marshall and G. Ardran, Catalogue of Spectra for Diagnostic X-rays (Hospital Physicists Associate, 1979).
43. M. Yaffe, K. Taylor, and H. Johns, "Spectroscopy of diagnostic x-rays by a compton-scatter method," Med. Phys. 3(5), 328-34 (1976).
44. W. Seelelntag, W. Panzer, G. Drexler, L. Platz, and F. Santner, "A catalogue of spectra for the calibration of dosemeters," Gesellsehaft Strahlen Umweltforsch. MbH Munchen, GSF Ber. 560 (1979).
45. Ron Watts, personal communication.