Models of luteinization

Biology of Reproduction

Volumn 63, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 2-11

  Murphy, Bruce D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTRÉAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

Corpus luteum function; Female reproductive tract; Follicle; Granulosa cells; Ovary; Theca cells

Indexed keywords

CORPUS LUTEUM; GRANULOSA CELL; LUTEINIZATION; NONHUMAN; PREGNANCY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SHORT SURVEY; THECA CELL;

EID: 0033935731     PISSN: 00063363     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod63.1.2     Document Type: Short Survey

References (167)

1. Corner GW. On the origin of the corpus luteum of the sow from both granulosa and theca interna. Am J Anat 1919; 27:117-123.
2. Concannon P, Hansel W, McEntee K. Changes in LH, progesterone and sexual behavior associated with preovulatory luteinization in the bitch. Biol Reprod 1977; 17:604-613.
3. Murphy, BD, Douglas DA. Reproduction in female mink. In: Tauson A-H, Valtonin M (eds.), Reproduction in Carnivorous Furbearers. Jordbrugsforlaget, NJF-Utredning/Rapport 1992; 75:39-49.
4. Douglas DA, Pierson RA, Murphy, BD. Ovarian follicular development in the mink (Mustela vison). J Reprod Fertil 1994; 100:583-590.
5. Mead RA. Embryonic diapause in vertebrates J Exp Zool 1993; 266: 629-641.
6. Harris KH, Murphy BD. Prolactin in maintenance of the corpus luteum of early pseudopregnancy in the golden hamster. J Endocrinol 1981; 90:145-150.
7. Rothchild I. The regulation of the mammalian corpus luteum. Rec Prog Horm Res 1981; 37:183-298.
8. Meyer GT, Bruce NW. Quantitative cell changes and vascularisation in the early corpus luteum of the pregnant rat. Anat Rec 1980; 197: 369-374.
9. Wiltbank MC. Cell types and hormonal mechanisms associated with mid-cycle corpus luteum function. J Anim Sci 1994; 72:1873-1883.
10. Niswender GD, Nett TM. Corpus luteum and its control in infraprimate species. In: Knobil E, Neill JD (eds.), The Physiology of Reproduction. 2nd ed. New York: Raven Press; 1994: 781-816.
11. Lemon M, Loir L. Steroid release in vitro by two luteal cell types in the corpus luteum of the pregnant sow. J Endocrinol 1977; 72:351-359.
12. 2 on progesterone secretion by small and large porcine luteal cells. J Reprod Fertil 1994; 102:27-34.
13. Hansel W, Blair RM. Bovine corpus luteum. A historic overview and implications for future research. Theriogenology 1996; 45:1267-1294.
14. Fitz TA, Mayan MH, Sawyer HR, Niswender GD. Characterization of two steroidogenic cell types in the ovine corpus luteum. Biol Reprod 1982; 27:703-711.
15. Joseph MM, Mead RA. Size distribution of ferret luteal cells during pregnancy. Biol Reprod 1988; 39:1159-1169.
16. Ohleth KM, Bagnell CA. Relaxin secretion and gene expression in porcine granulosa and thecal cells stimulated during in vitro luteinization. Biol Reprod 1999; 60:499-507.
17. Meidan R, Girsh E, Blum O, Aberdam E. In vitro differentiation of bovine theca and granulosa cells into small and large luteal-like cells: morphological and functional characteristics. Biol Reprod 1990; 43: 913-921.
18. Lei ZM, Chegini N, Rao ChV. Quantitative cell composition of human and bovine corpora lutea from various reproductive states. Biol Reprod 1991; 44:1148-1156.
19. Webley GE, Richardson MC, Smith CA, Masson GM, Hearn JP. Size distribution of luteal cells from pregnant and non-pregnant marmoset monkeys and comparison of the morphology of marmoset luteal cells with those from the human corpus luteum. J Reprod Fertil 1990; 90: 427-437.
20. Bloom W, Fawcett DW. A Textbook of Histology, 9th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1985.
21. Channing CP, Ledwitz-Rigby F. Methods for assessing hormone-mediated differentiation of ovarian cells in culture and in short-term incubations. Methods Enzymol 1975; 39:183-230.
22. Pescador N, Stocco DM, Murphy BD. Growth factor modulation of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein and luteinization in the pig ovary. Biol Reprod 1999; 60:1453-1461.
23. Murphy BD, Dobias M. Down-regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor mRNA by homologous and heterologous ligands during luteinization of porcine granulosa cells. Molec Reprod Dev 1999; 53:198-207.
24. Engelhardt H, Gore-Langton RE, Armstrong DT. Luteinization of porcine thecal cells in vitro. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1991; 75:237-245.
25. Roberts AJ, Skinner MK. Hormonal regulation of thecal cell function during antral follicle development in bovine ovaries. Endocrinology 1990; 127:2907-2917.
26. Demeter-Arlotto M, Rainey WM, Simpson ER. Maintenance and regulation of 17α-hydroxylase expression by bovine thecal cells in primary culture. Endocrinology 1993; 132:1353-1358.
27. Campbell BK, Baird DT, Webb R. Effects of dose of LH on androgen production and luteinization of ovine theca cells cultured in a serum-free medium. J Reprod Fertil 1998; 112:69-77.
28. Amsterdam A, Rotmensch S. Structure-function relationships during granulosa cell differentiation. Endocr Rev 1987; 8:307-337.
29. Amsterdam A, Plehn-Dujowich D, Suh BS. Structure function relationships during differentiation of normal and oncogene-transformed granulosa cells. Biol Reprod 1992; 46:513-522.
30. Kotsugji F, Kamitani N, Goto K, Tominaga T. Bovine theca and granulosa cell interactions modulate their growth, morphology and function. Biol Reprod 1990; 43:726-732.
31. Batta SK, Coulsten Wentz A, Channing CP. Steroidogenesis by human ovarian cell types in culture: influence of mixing cell types and effect of added testosterone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1980; 50:274-279.
32. Rao MC, Midgley AR Jr, Richards JS. Hormonal regulation of ovarian cellular proliferation. Cell 1978; 14:71-78.
33. Oonk RB, Krasnow JS, Beattie WG, Richards JS. Cyclic AMP-dependent and -independent regulation of cholesterol side chain cleavage cytochrome P-450 (P-450scc) in rat ovarian granulosa cells and corpora lutea. cDNA and deduced amino acid sequence of rat P-450scc. J Biol Chem 1989; 264:21934-21942.
34. Christenson LK, Stouffer RL. Proliferation of microvascular endothelial cells in the primate corpus luteum during the menstrual cycle and simulated early pregnancy. Endocrinology 1996; 137:367-374.
35. Farin CE, Moeller CL, Sawyer HR, Gamboni F, Niswender GD. Morphometric analysis of cell types in the ovine corpus luteum throughout the estrous cycle. Biol Reprod 1986; 35:1299-1308.
36. Rodgers RJ, O'Shea JD, Bruce NW. Morphometric analyisis of the ovine corpus luteum. J Anat 1984; 138:757-769.
37. O'Shea JD, Rodgers RJ, Wright PJ. Cellular composition of the sheep corpus luteum in the mid- and late luteal phases of the oestrus cycle. J Reprod Fertil 1986; 76:685-691.
38. Peluso JJ, Luciano AA, Pappalardo A, White BA. Cellular and molecular mechanisms that mediate insulin-dependent rat granulosa cell mitosis. Biol Reprod 1995; 52:124-130.
39. Chaffkin LM, Luciano AA, Peluso JJ. The role of progesterone in regulating human granulosa cell proliferation and differentiation in vitro. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1993; 76:696-700.
40. Goldsmith LT, Hirshfield AN. Evidence for luteal cell hyperplasia during pregnancy. Biol Reprod 1991; 44:511-515.
41. Gaytan F, Bellido C, Morales C, Aguilar E, Sanches-Criado JE. Evidence for steroidogenic luteal cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia during pregnancy in the rat. J Endocrinol 1997; 154:211-217.
42. Jablonka-Shariff A, Grazul-Bilska AT, Redmer DA, Reynolds LP. Growth and cellular proliferation of ovine corpora lutea throughout the estrous cycle. Endocrinology 1993; 133:1871-1879.
43. Gaytan F, Morales C, Garcia-Pardo L, Reymundo C, Bellido C, Sanchez-Criado JE. Macrophages, cell proliferation, and cell death in the human menstrual corpus luteum. Biol Reprod 1998; 59:417-425.
44. Douglas DA, Song J-H, Moreau GM, Murphy BD. Differentiation of the corpus luteum of the mink (Mustela vison): mitogenic and steroidogenic potential of luteal cells from embryonic diapause and postimplantation gestation. Biol Reprod 1998; 58:1163-1169.
45. Renfree MB. Embryonic diapause in marsupials. J Reprod Fertil 1981; 129 (suppl):67-78.
46. Bathgate R, Moniac N, Bartlick B, Shumacher M, Fields M, Ivell R. Expression and regulation of relaxin-like factor (RLF) gene transcripts in the bovine ovary: differentiation-dependent expression in theca cell cultures. Biol Reprod 1999; 61:1090-1098.
47. Niswender GD, Schwall RH, Fitz TA, Farin CE, Sawyer HR. Regulation of luteal function in domestic ruminants: new concepts. Recent Prog Horm Res 1985; 41:101-151.
48. Conley AJ, Kaminski MA, Dubowsky SA, Jablonka-Shariff A, Redmer DA, Reynolds LP. Immunohistochemical localization of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and P450 17α-hydroxylase during follicular and luteal development in pigs, sheep, and cows. Biol Reprod 1995; 52:1081-1094.
49. Richards JS, Russell DL, Robker RL, Dajee M, Alliston TN. Molecular mechanisms of ovulation and luteinization. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1998; 145:47-54.
50. Robker RL, Richards JS. Hormonal control of the cell cycle in ovarian cells: proliferation versus differentiation. Biol Reprod 1998; 59:476-482.
51. Fera ML, Rivkin M, Tasch M, Porter P, Carow CE, Firpo E, Polyak K, Tsai LH, Broudy V, Perlmutter RM, Kaushansky K, Roberts JM. A syndrome of multiorgan hyperplasia with features of gigantism, tumorigenesis, and female sterility in p27(Kip1)-deficient mice. Cell 1996; 85:733-744.
52. Kip1. Mol Endocrinol 1998; 12:924-940.
53. Cheng M, Olivier P, Diehl JA, Fero M, Foussel MF, Roberts JM, Sherr CJ. The p21(Cip1) and p27(Kip1) CDK 'inhibitors' are essential activators of cyclin D-dependent kinases in murine fibroblasts. EMBO J 1999; 18:1571-1583.
54. Sicinski P, Donaher JL, Geng Y, Parker SB, Gardner H, Park MY, Robker RL, Richards JS, McGinnis LK, Biggers JD, Eppig JJ, Bronson RT, Elledge SJ, Weinberg RA. Cyclin D2 is an FSH-responsive gene involved in gonadal cell proliferation and oncogenesis. Nature 1996; 384:470-474.
55. Gore-Langton RE, Armstrong DT. Follicular steroidogenesis and its control. In: Knobil, E, Neill JD (eds.), The Physiology of Reproduction. 2nd ed. New York: Raven Press; 1994:571-628.
56. Gutiérrez CG, Campbell BK, Webb R. Development of a long-term bovine cell culture system: induction and maintenance of estradiol production, response to follicle stimulating hormone, and morphological characteristics. Biol Reprod 1997; 56:608-616.
57. Sanders SL, Stouffer RL. Localization of steroidogenic enzymes in macaque luteal tissue during the menstrual cycle and simulated early pregnancy: immunohistochemical evidence supporting the two-cell model for estrogen production in the primate corpus luteum. Biol Reprod 1997; 56:1077-1087.
58. Tsang BK, Ainsworth L, Downey BR, Marcus GJ. Differential production of steroids by dispersed granulosa and theca interna cells from developing preovulatory follicles of pigs. J Reprod Fertil 1985; 74: 459-471.
59. Buck PA, Schomberg DW. A serum-free defined culture system which maintains follicle-stimulating hormone responsiveness and differentiation of porcine granulosa cells. Biol Reprod 1987; 36:167-174.
60. Orly J, Stocco DM. The role of the steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein in female reproductive tissues. Horm Metab Res 1999; 31:389-398.
61. Lavoie HA, Garmey JC, Veldhuis JD. Mechanisms of insulin-like growth factor I augmentation of follicle-stimulating hormone-induced porcine steroidogenic acute regulatory protein gene promoter activity in granulosa cells. Endocrinology 1999; 140:146-153.
62. Bao B, Calder MD, Xie S, Smith MF, Salfen BE, Youngquist RS, Garverick HA. Expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein messenger ribonucleic acid is limited to theca of healthy bovine follicles collected during recruitment, selection, and dominance of follicles of the first follicular wave. Biol Reprod 1998; 59:953-959.
63. Pescador N, Soumano K, Stocco DM, Price CA, Murphy BD. Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein in bovine corpora lutea. Biol Reprod 1996; 55: 485-491.
64. Kerban A, Boerboom D, Sirois J. Human chorionic gonadotropin induces an inverse regulation of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein messenger ribonucleic acid in theca and granulosa cells of equine preovulatory follicles. Endocrinology 1999; 140:667-674.
65. Stormshak F, Orwig KE, Bertrand JE. Dynamics of molecular mechanisms underlying ovarian oxytocin secretion. J Reprod Fertil 1995; 49(suppl):379-390.
66. Sirotkin AV, Nitray J, Bulla J. Oxytocin in bovine and porcine granulosa cells. Regulation of secretion and biological effects. Adv Exp Biol Med 1995; 395:541-542.
67. Wuttke W, Jarry H, Knoke I, Pitzel L, Spiess S. Luteotropic and luteolytic effects of oxytocin in the porcine corpus luteum. Adv Exp Med Biol 1995; 395:495-506.
68. Khan-Dawood FS, Yang J, Dawood MY. Hormonal regulation of connexin-43 in baboon corpora lutea. J Endocrinol 1998; 157:405-414.
69. Ungefroren H, Wathes DC, Walther N, Ivell R. Structure of the alpha-inhibin gene and its regulation in the ruminant gonad: inverse relationship to oxytocin gene expression. Biol Reprod 1994; 50:401-412.
70. Einspanier A, Jurdzinski A, Hodges AK. A local oxytocin system is part of the luteinization process in the preovulatory follicle of the marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus). Biol Reprod 1997; 57:16-26.
71. Furuya K, McArdle CA, Ivell R. The regulation of oxytocin gene expression in early bovine luteal cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1990; 70: 81-88.
72. Luck MR. Cholinergic stimulation, through muscarinic receptors, of oxytocin and progesterone secretion from bovine granulosa cells undergoing spontaneous luteinization in serum-free culture. Endocrinology 1990; 126:1230-1256.
73. Luck MR, Rodgers RJ, Findlay JK. Secretion and gene expresssion of inhibin, oxytocin and steroid hormones during the in vitro differentiation of bovine granulosa cells. Reprod Pert Dev 1990; 2:11-25.
74. Fehr S, Ivell R, Koll R, Schams D, Fields M, Richter D. Expression of the oxytocin gene in the large cells of the bovine corpus luteum. FEBS Lett 1987; 210:45-50.
75. Lipsett MB. Steroid hormones. In: Yen SC, Jaffe RB (eds.), Reproductive Endocrinology. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1978:80-92.
76. Gwynne JT, Strauss JF III. The role of lipoproteins in steroidogenesis and cholesterol metabolism in steroidogenic glands. Endocr Rev 1982; 3:299-329.
77. Murphy BD, Silavan SL. Luteotrophic agents and steroid substrate utilization. Oxford Rev Reprod Biol 1989; 11:180-223.
78. Lavoie HA, Benoit AM, Garmey JC, Dailey RL, Wright DJ, Veldhuis JD. Coordinate developmental expression of genes regulating sterol economy and cholesterol side-chain cleavage in the porcine ovary. Biol Reprod 1997; 57:402-407.
79. Pescador N, Houde A, Stocco DM, Murphy BD. Follicle-stimulating hormone and intracellular second messengers regulate steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) mRNA in luteinized porcine granulosa cells. Biol Reprod 1997; 57:660-668.
80. Acton S, Rigotti A, Landschulz KT, Xu S, Hobbs HH, Krieger M. Identification of the scavenger receptor SR-BI as a high density lipoprotein receptor. Science 1996; 271:518-520.
81. Li X, Peegel H, Menon KM. In situ hybridization of high density lipoprotein (scavenger, type 1) receptor messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) during folliculogenesis and luteinization: evidence for mRNA expression and induction by human chorionic gonadotropin specifically in cell types that use cholesterol for steroidogenesis. Endocrinology 1998; 7:3049-3143.
82. Azhar S, Nomoto A, Leers-Sucheta S, Reaven E. Simultaneous induction of an HDL receptor protein (SR-BI) and the selective uptake of HDL-cholesterol esters in a physiologically relevant steroidogenic cell model. J Lipid Res 1998; 39:1616-1628.
83. Rajapaksha WR, McBride M, Robertson L, O'Shaughnessy PJ. Sequence of the HDL-receptor (SR-BI) cDNA and changes in receptor mRNA expression during granulosa cell luteinization in vitro and in vivo. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1997; 134:59-67.
84. Liscum L, Munn NJ. Intracellular cholesterol transport. Biochim Biophys Acta 1999; 1438:19-37.
85. Carstea ED, Morris JA, Coleman KG, Loftus SK, Zhang D, Cummings C, Gu J, Rosenfeld MA, Pavan WJ, Krizman DB, Nagle J, Polymeropoulos MH, Sturley SL, Ioannou YA, Higgins ME, Comley M, Cooney A, Brown A, Kaneski CR, Blanchette-Mackie EJ, Dwyer NK, Neufeld EB, Chang T-Y, Liscum L, Strauss III JF, Ohno K, Zeiglar M, Carmi R, Sokol J, Markie D, O'Neill RR, van Diggelen OP, Elleder M, Patterson MC, Brady RO, Vanier MT, Pentchev PG, Tagle DA. Niemann-Pick C1 disease gene: homology to mediators of cholesterol homeostasis. Science 1997; 277:228-231.
86. Loftus SK, Morris JA, Carstea ED, Gu JZ, Cummings C, Brown A, Ellison J, Ohno K, Rosenfeld MA, Tagle DA, Pentchev PG, Pavan WJ. Murine model of Niemann-Pick C disease: mutation in a cholesterol homeostasis gene. Science 1997; 277:232-234.
87. Roff CF, Strauss JF III, Goldin E, Jaffe H, Patterson MC, Agritellis GC, Hibbs AM, Garfield M, Brady RO, Pentchev PG. The murine Niemann-Pick type C lesion affects testosterone production. Endocrinology 1993; 133:2913-2923.
88. Song J-H, Dobias M, Pescador N, Murphy BD. Luteinization and gonadotrophins upregulate the Niemann-Pick gene in the porcine ovary. Biol Reprod 1998; 58(suppl 1):188 (abstract).
89. Osuga J, Ishibashi S, Shimano H, Inaba T. Kawamura M, Yazaki Y, Yamada N. Suppression of neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase activity by antisense DNA of hormone-sensitive lipase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1997; 233:655-657.
90. Aten RF, Kolodecik TR, Macdonald GJ, Behrman HR. Modulation of cholesteryl ester hydrolase messenger ribonucleic acid levels, protein levels and activity in the rat corpus luteum. Biol Reprod 1995; 53: 1110-1117.
91. Filicori M. The role of luteinizing hormone in folliculogenesis and ovulation induction. Fertil Steril 1999; 71:405-414.
92. Tsafriri A, Reich R. Molecular aspects of mammalian ovulation. Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 1999; 107, 1-11.
93. Westfahl PK. Comparison of luteinized unruptured follicles and corpora lutea: steroid hormone production and response to luteolytic and luteotropic agents. Biol Reprod. 1993; 48:807-814.
94. Mattheij JA, Swarts HJ. Induction of luteinized unruptured follicles in the rat after injection of luteinizing hormone early in pro-oestrus. Eur J Endocrinol 1995; 132:91-96.
95. Zaidi J, Jurkovic D, Campbell S, Collins W, McGregor A, Tan SL. Luteinized unruptured follicle: morphology, endocrine function and blood flow changes during the menstrual cycle. Hum Reprod 1995; 10:44-49.
96. D'Hooghe TM, Bambra CS, Raeymaekers BM, Koninckx PR. Increased incidence and recurrence of recent corpus luteum without ovulation stigma (luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome?) in baboons with endometriosis. J Soc Gynecol Invest 1996; 3:140-144.
97. Hall JA, Meisterling EM, Benoit AM, Cooper DA, Coleman DA. Lerner SP, Lewis PE, Dailey RA. Factors contributing to the formation of experimentally-induced ovarian cysts in prepubertal gilts. Domest Anim Endocrinol 1993; 10:141-155.
98. El-Fouly MA, Cook B, Nekola M, Nalbandov AV. Role of the ovum in follicular luteinization. Endocrinology 1970; 87:288-293.
99. Ledwitz Rigby F, Rigby B. The influence of follicular fluid on progesterone secretion by porcine granulosa cells in vitro. Adv Exp Med Biol 1979; 112:347-359.
100. Vanderhyden BC, Macdonald EA Mouse oocytes regulate granulosa cell steroidogenesis throughout follicular development. Biol Reprod 1998; 59:1296-1301.
101. Channing CP, Tsafriri A. Lack of inhibitory influence of oocytes on luteinization of porcine granulosa cells in culture. J Reprod Fertil 1997; 50:103-105.
102. Iwai M, Hasegawa M, Taii S, Sagawa N, Nakao K, Imura H, Nakanaishi S, Mori T. Endothelins inhibit luteinization of cultured porcine granulosa cells. Endocrinology 1991; 129:1909-1914.
103. Tedeschi C, Hazum E, Kokia E, Ricciarelli E, Adashi EY, Payne DW. Endothelin-1 as a luteinization inhibitor: inhibition of rat granulosa cell progesterone accumulation via selective modulation of key steroidogenic steps affecting both progesterone formation and degradation. Endocrinology 1992; 131:2476-2478.
104. Gutiérrez CG, Glazyrin AL, Robertson GW, Campbell BK, Gong JG, Bramley TA, Webb R. Ultra-structural characteristics of bovine granulosa cells associated with maintenance of oestradiol production in vitro. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1997; 134:51-58.
105. Holst N, Bertheussen K, Burhol PG, Forsdahl F. Medium-associated luteinization expressed as progesterone release in granulosa-luteal cells isolated from patients undergoing in-vitro fertilization. Hum Reprod 1991; 6:1343-1348.
106. Poretsky L, Cataldo NA, Rosenwaks Z, Guidice LC. The insulin-related ovarian disease regulatory system in health and disease. Endocr Rev 1999; 20:535-582.
107. Lavranos TC, Rodgers HF, Bertoncello I, Rodgers RJ. Anchorage-independent culture of bovine granulosa cells: the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor and dibutyryl cAMP on cell division and differentiation. Exp Cell Res 1994; 211:245-251.
108. Sites CK, Kessel B, LaBarbera AR. Adhesion molecules increase cellular attachment, follicle stimulating hormone receptors and progesterone production in cultured porcine granulosa cells. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1996; 212:78-83.
109. Skinner MK, McKeracher HL, Dorrington JH. Fibronectin as a marker of granulosa cell cytodifferentiation. Endocrinology 1985; 117: 886-892.
110. Morley P, Armstrong DT, Gore-Langton RE. Ganglioside inhibition of attachment and differentiation of cultured rat granulosa cells: interactions with fibronectin. J Cell Sci 1987; 88:205-217.
111. Honda T, Fujiwara H, Yamada S, Fujita K, Nakamura K, Nakayama T, Higuchi T, Ueda M, Maeda M, Mori T. Integrin alpha5 is expressed on human luteinizing granulosa cells during corpus luteum formation, and its expression is enhanced by human chorionic gonadotrophin in vitro. Mol Hum Reprod 1997; 3:979-984.
112. Yamada S, Fujiwara H, Honda T, Higuchi T, Nakayama T, Inoue T, Maeda M, Fujii S. Human granulosa cells express integrin alpha 2 and collagen type IV: possible involvement of collagen type IV in granulosa cell differentiation. Mol Hum Reprod 1999; 5:607-617.
113. Honda T, Fujiwara H, Ueda M, Maeda M, Mori T. Integrin α6 is a differentiation antigen of human granulosa cells. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995; 80:2899-2905.
114. Takeo Y, Fujiwara H, Yamada S, Hirano T. Maeda M, Fujii S, Ueda M. CD is expressed on the cell surface of human granulosa cells and associated with integrin alpha 6 beta 1. Mol Hum Reprod 1999; 5: 303-310.
115. Schwarzbauer J. Basement membranes: putting up the barriers. Curr Biol 1999; 9:R242-R244.
116. Fujiwara H, Honda T, Ueda M, Nakamura K, Yamada S, Maeda M, Mori T. Laminin suppresses progesterone production by human luteinizing granulosa cells via interaction with integrin alpha 6 beta 1. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82:2122-2128.
117. Aten RE Kolodecik TR, Behrman HR. A cell adhesion receptor antiserum abolishes, whereas laminin and fibronectin glycoprotein components of extracellular matrix promote, luteinization of cultured rat granulosa cells. Endocrinology 1995; 136:1753-1758.
118. Oonk RB, Parker KL, Gibson JL, Richards JS. Rat cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochrome P-450 (P-450scc) gene. Structure and regulation by cAMP in vitro. J Biol Chem 1990; 265:22392-22401.
119. Belfiore CJ, Hawkins DE, Wiltbank MC, Niswender GD. Regulation of cytochrome P450scc synthesis and activity in the ovine corpus luteum. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1994; 51:283-290.
120. Afalo L, Meidan R. The hormonal regulation of cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochrome P450, adrenodoxin, and their messenger ribonueleic acid expression in bovine small-like and large-like luteal cells: relationship with progesterone production. Endocrinology 1993, 132:410-416.
121. Jackiw V, Hunzicker-Dunn M. Luteinization-associated changes in protein stability of the regulatory subunit of the type I cAMP-dependent protein kinase. J Biol Chem 1992; 267:14335-14344.
122. Gonzalez-Robanya IJ, Alliston TN, Buse P, Firestone GL, Richards JS. Functional and subcellular changes in the A-kinase-signaling pathway: relation to aromatase and Sgk expression during the transition of granulosa cells to luteal cells. Mol Endocrinol 1999; 13: 1318-1337.
123. Somers JP, Benyo DF, Little-Ihrig L, Zeleznik AJ. Luteinization in primates is accompanied by loss of a 43-kilodalton adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate response element-binding protein. Endocrinology 1995; 136:4762-4768.
124. Li X-M, Jaurio AV, Murphy BD. Prostaglandins alter the abundance of mRNA for steroidogenic enzymes in cultured porcine granulosa cells. Biol Reprod 1993; 48:1360-1366.
125. Watters DJ, Parsons PG. Critical targets of protein kinase C in differentiation of tumour cells. Biochem Pharmacol 1999; 58:383-388.
126. Fitzpatrick SL, Carlone DL, Robker RL, Richards JS. Expression of aromatase in the ovary: down-regulation of mRNA by the ovulatory luteinizing hormone surge. Steroids 1997; 62:197-206.
127. Morris JK, Richards JS. Hormone induction of luteinization and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2 involves multiple cellular signaling pathways. Endocrinology 1993; 133:770-779.
128. Morris JK, Richards JS. Luteinizing hormone induces prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2 and luteinization in vitro by A-kinase and C-kinase pathways. Endocrinology 1995; 136:1549-1558.
129. Hatey F, Mulsant P, Bonnet A, Benne F, Gasser F. Protein kinase C inhibition of in vitro FSH-induced differentiation in pig granulosa cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1995; 107:9-16.
130. Lahav M, Garmey JC, Shupnik MA. Veldhuis JD. Dual actions of phorbol ester on cytochrome P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage messenger ribonucleic acid accumulation in porcine granulosa cells. Biol Reprod 1995; 52:972-978.
131. Luu B. Du cholestérol aux oxystérols. Données récentes [in French]. C R Séances Soc Biol Fil 1995; 189:827-837.
132. Lund EG, Kerr TA, Sakai J, Li WP, Russell DW. cDNA cloning of mouse and human cholesterol 25-hydroxylases, polytopic membrane proteins that synthesize a potent oxysterol regulator of lipid metabolism. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:34316-34327.
133. Kandutsch AA, Chen HW. Inhibition of sterol synthesis in cultured mouse cells by cholesterol derivatives oxygenated in the side chain. J Biol Chem 1974; 249:6057-6061.
134. Russell DW. Cholesterol biosynthesis and metabolism. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1992; 6:103-110.
135. Brown MS, Goldstein JL. The SREBP pathway: regulation of cholesterol metabolism by proteolysis of a membrane-bound transcription factor. Cell 1997; 89:331-340.
136. Dooley KA, Millinder S, Osborne TF. Sterol regulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase gene through a direct interaction between sterol regulatory element binding protein and the trimeric CCAAT-binding factor/nuclear factor Y. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:1349-1356.
137. Sztrolovics R, Wang SP, Lapierre P, Chen HS, Robert MR Mitchell GA. Hormone-sensitive lipase (Lipe): sequence analysis of the 129Sv mouse Lipe gene. Mamm Genome 1997; 8:86-89.
138. Bennett MK, Ngo TT, Athanikar JN, Rosenfeld JM, Osborne TF. Costimulation of promoter for low density lipoprotein receptor gene by sterol regulatory element-binding protein and Sp1 is specifically disrupted by the yin yang 1 protein. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:13025-13032.
139. Ericsson J, Usheva A, Edwards PA. YY1 is a negative regulator of transcription of three sterol regulatory element-binding protein-responsive genes. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:14508-14513.
140. Golos TG, Strauss JF 3d. 8-bromoadenosine cyclic 3′,5′-phosphate rapidly increases 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase mRNA in human granulosa cells: role of cellular sterol balance in controlling the response to tropic stimulation. Biochemistry 1988; 27:3503-3506.
141. Yoshida S, Kubota K, Sasaki H, Hasegawa T, Nishihara M, Terada M, Takahashi M. 26-Cholesterol hydroxylase in rat corpora lutea: a negative regulator of progesterone secretion. Biol Reprod 1999; 61: 557-562.
142. Takagi K, Strauss JF III. Control of low density lipoprotein receptor gene expression in steroidogenic cells. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1989; 67:968-973.
143. Rennen H, Fischer RT, Alvarez JG, Trzaskos JM, Strauss JF III. Generation of regulatory oxysterols: 26-hydroxylation of cholesterol by ovarian mitochondria. Endocrinology 1990; 127:738-746.
144. Parker KL, Schimmer BP. Steroidogenic factor I: a key determinant of endocrine development and function. Endocr Rev 1997; 18:361-377.
145. Clark BJ, Soo SC, Caron KM, Ikeda Y, Parker KL, Stocco DM. Hormonal and developmental regulation of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein. Mol Endocrinol 1995; 10:1346-1355.
146. Sugawara T, Holt JA, Kiriakidou M, Strauss JF III. Steroidogenic factor I-dependent promoter activity of the human steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) gene. Biochemistry 1996; 35:9052-9059.
147. Sugawara T, Kiriakidou M, McAllister JM, Kallen CB, Strauss JF III. Multiple steroidogenic factor I binding elements in the human steroidogenic acute regulatory protein gene 5′-flanking region are required for maximal promoter activity and cyclic AMP responsiveness. Biochemistry 1997; 36:7249-7255.
148. Rust W, Stedronsky K, Tillmann G, Morley S, Walther N, Ivell R. The role of SF-I/Ad4BP in the control of the bovine gene for the steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein. J Mol Endocrinol 1998; 21:189-200.
149. Lopez D, Sandhoff TW, McLean MP. Steroidogenic factor-I mediates cyclic 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate regulation of the high density lipoprotein receptor. Endocrinology 1999; 140:3034-3044.
150. Lala DS, Syka PM, Lazarchik SB, Mangelsdorf DJ, Parker KL, Heyman RA. Activation of the orphan nuclear receptor steroidogenic factor I by oxysterols. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997; 94:4895-4900.
151. Mellon SH, Bair SR. 25-Hydroxycholesterol is not a ligand for the orphan nuclear receptor steroidogenic factor-I (SF-I). Endocrinology 1998; 139:3026-3029.
152. Christenson LK, McAllister JM, Martin KO, Javitt NB, Osborne TF, Strauss JF III. Oxysterol regulation of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein gene expression. Structural specificity and transcriptional and posttranscriptional actions. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:30729-30735.
153. Janowski BA, Willy PJ, Devi TR, Falck JR, Mangelsdorf DJ. An oxysterol signalling pathway mediated by the nuclear receptor LXRα. Nature 1996; 383:728-731.
154. Lydon JP, DeMayo F, Funk CR, Mani SK, Hughes AR, Montgomery CA, Shyamala G, Conneely OM, O'Malley BW. Mice lacking progesterone receptors exhibit reproductive abnormalities. Genes Dev 1995; 9:2226-2278.
155. Natraj U, Richards JS. Hormonal regulation, localization and functional activity of progesterone receptor in granulosa cells of rat preovulatory follicles. Endocrinology 1993; 133:761-769.
156. Clemens JW, Robker RL, Kraus WL, Katzenellenbogen BS, Richards JS. Hormone induction of progesterone receptor (PR) messenger ribonucleic acid and activation of PR promoter regions in ovarian granulosa cells: Evidence for a role of cyclic adenosine 3′,5′ monophosphate, but not estradiol. Mol Endocrinol 1998; 12:1204-1214.
157. Hild-Petito S, Stouffer RL, Brenner RM. Immunocytochemical localization of estradiol and progesterone receptors in the monkey ovary throughout the menstrual cycle. Endocrinology 1988; 123:2896-2905.
158. Duffy DM, Wells TR, Hulaska GJ, Stouffer RL. The ratio of progesterone receptor isoforms in the monkey corpus luteum during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Biol Reprod 1997; 57:693-699.
159. Chandrasekher YA, Melner MH, Nagalla SR, Stouffer RL. Progesterone receptor, but not estradiol receptor, messenger ribonucleic acid is expressed in luteinizing granulosa cells and the corpus luteum in rhesus monkeys. Endocrinology 1994; 135:307-314.
160. Duffy DM, Stouffer RL. Gonadotropin versus steroid regulation of the corpus luteum of the rhesus monkey during simulated early pregnancy. Biol Reprod 1997; 57:1451-1460.
161. Lioutas C, Einspanier A, Kascheike B, Walther N, Ivell R. An autocrine progesterone positive feedback loop mediates oxytocin upregulation in bovine granulosa cells during luteinization. Endocrinology 1997; 138:5059-5062.
162. Rodway MR, Swan CL, Crellin NK, Gillio-Meina C, Chedrese PJ. Steroid regulation of progesterone synthesis in a stable porcine granulosa cell line: a role for progestins. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1999; 68:173-180.
163. Park-Sarge OK, Farmer GT, Gu Y, Gibori G. Does the rat corpus luteum express the progesterone receptor? Endocrinology 1995; 136: 1537-1543.
164. Korte JM, Isola JJ. An immunocytochemical study of the progesterone receptor in the rabbit ovary. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1988; 58:93-101.
165. Butler JD, Blanchette-Mackie J, Goldin E, O'Neill RR, Carstea G. Roff CF, Patterson MC, Patel S, Comly ME, Cooney A, Vanier MT, Brady RO, Pentchev PG. Progesterone blocks cholesterol translocation from lysosomes. J Biol Chem 1992; 267:23797-23805.
166. Watari H, Blanchette-Mackie EJ, Dwyer NK, Pentchev PG, Glick JM, Strauss JF III. The distribution and function of NPC1 protein in cholesterol trafficking in human granulosa-lutein cells. Biol Reprod 1999; 60(suppl 1):95 (abstract).
167. Amselgruber WM, Schafer M. Sinowatz E Angiogenesis in the bovine corpus luteum: an immunocytochemical and ultrastructural study. Anat Histol Embryol 1999; 28:157-166.