Cancer cachexia: From experimental models to patient management

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care

Volumn 3, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 177-181

  Costelli, Paola ^a   Baccino, Francesco M ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TURIN   (Italy)

^b CNR   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLENBUTEROL; FR 143439; INSULIN; INTERLEUKIN 1; LEPTIN; LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE; PENTOXIFYLLINE; PROTEIN INHIBITOR; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANIMAL MODEL; ANOREXIA; CACHEXIA; CANCER PATIENT; CYTOKINE RELEASE; LIPID METABOLISM; MUSCLE ATROPHY; NITROGEN BALANCE; NONHUMAN; PROTEIN DEPLETION; PROTEIN METABOLISM; RAT; REVIEW; WEIGHT REDUCTION;

ANIMALS; CACHEXIA; CYTOKINES; HUMANS; LIPID METABOLISM; MUSCLE PROTEINS; MUSCLE, SKELETAL; NEOPLASMS; NITROGEN;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 0033913119     PISSN: 13631950     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00075197-200005000-00003     Document Type: Review

References (46)

1. Andreyev HJN, Norman AR, Oates J, Cunningham D. Why do patients with weight loss have a worse outcome when undergoing chemotherapy for gastrointestinal malignancies? Eur J Cancer 1998; 34:503-509.
2. Gagnon B, Bruera E. A review of the drug treatment of cachexia associated with cancer. Drugs 1998; 55:675-688. A very comprehensive review is presented, that goes straight to the rationale of therapeutic approaches to the treatment of cachexia.
3. Argilés JM, López-Soriano FJ. Catabolic proinflammatory cytokines. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 1998; 1:245-251.
4. Argilés JM, Costelli P, Carbó N, Pallarés-Trujillo J, López-Soriano FJ. Tumour growth and nitrogen metabolism in the host. Int J Oncol 1999; 14:479-486.
5. Sakurai Y, Klein S. Metabolic alterations in patients with cancer: nutritional implications. Surg Today 1998; 28:247-257.
6. Attard-Montaldo SP, Hadley J, Kingston JE, Eden OB, Saha V. Ongoing assessment of nutritional status in children with cancer. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 1998; 15:393-403.
7. Attard-Montaldo SP, Camacho-Hubner C, Cotterill AM, D'Souza-Li L, Bartlett K, Halliday D, Eden OB. Changes in protein turnover, IGF-I and IGF binding proteins in children with cancer. Acta Paediatr 1998; 87:54-60. This paper shows that alterations of whole-body protein metabolism in newly diagnosed neoplastic patients are associated with modulations of insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor-I-binding proteins, even in the absence of clinical signs of cachexia.
8. Barazzoni R, Zanetti M, Tiengo A, Tessari P. Protein metabolism in glucagonoma. Diabetologia 1999; 42:326-329.
9. Dworzak F, Ferrari P, Gavazzi C, Maiorana C, Bozzetti F. Effects of cachexia due to cancer on whole body and skeletal muscle protein turnover. Cancer 1998; 82:42-48. This paper offers a hypothesis to explain the observation of unaltered whole-body protein metabolism in cancer patients.
10. Thompson MG, Palmer RM. Signalling pathways regulating protein turnover in skeletal muscle. Cell Signal 1998; 1:1-11.
11. Blommaart EFC, Luiken JJFP, Meijer AJ. Autophagic proteolysis: control and specificity. Histochem J 1997; 29:365-385.
12. Williams AB, Decourten-Myers GM, Fischer JE, Luo G, Sun X, Hasselgren PO. Sepsis stimulates release of myofilaments in skeletal muscle by a calcium-dependent mechanism. FASEB J 1999; 13:1435-1443. The authors describe a possible mechanism by which calcium-dependent proteolysis may render myofibrillar protein susceptible to ATP-ubiquitin-dependent degradation.
13. Williams A, Sun X, Fischer JE, Hasselgren PO. The expression of genes in the ubiquitin-proteasome proteolytic pathway is increased in skeletal muscle from patients with cancer. Surgery 1999; 126:744-750. This paper represents the first demonstration that the ATP-ubiquitin proteolysis is also activated in muscle of human cancer patients.
14. Solomon V, Lecker SH, Goldberg AL. The N-end rule pathway catalyzes a major fraction of the protein degradation in skeletal muscle. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:25216-25222.
15. Solomon V, Baracos V, Sarraf P, Goldberg AL. Rates of ubiquitin conjugation increase when muscles atrophy, largely through activation of the N-end rule pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998; 95:12602-12607.
16. Llovera M, Garcìa-Martìnez C, López-Soriano J, Carbó N, Agell N, López-Soriano FJ, Argilés JM. Role of TNF receptor 1 in protein turnover during cancer cachexia using gene knockout mice. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1998; 142:183-189.
17. Llovera M, Garcìa-Martìnez C, López-Soriano J, Agell N, López-Soriano FJ, Garcìa I, Argilés JM. Protein turnover in skeletal muscle of tumour-bearing transgenic mice overexpressing the soluble TNF receptor-1. Cancer Lett 1998; 142:183-189.
18. Nakashima J, Tachibana M, Ueno M, Miyajima A, Baba S, Murai M. Association between tumor necrosis factor in serum and cachexia in patients with prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res 1998; 4:1743-1748.
19. Shibata M, Takekawa M, Amano S. Increased serum concentrations of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor I in noncachectic and cachectic patients with advanced gastric and colorectal cancer. Surg Today 1998; 28:884-888.
20. Lorite MJ, Thompson MG, Drake JL, Carling G, Tisdale MJ. Mechanism of muscle protein degradation induced by a cancer cachectic factor. Br J Cancer 1998; 78:850-856.
21. Todorov PT, Field WN, Tisdale MJ. Role of a proteolysis-inducing factor (PIF) in cachexia by a human melanoma (G361). Br J Cancer 1999; 80:1734-1737.
22. Lazarus DD, Destree AT, Mazzola LM, McCormack TA, Dick LR, Xu B, et al. A new model of cancer cachexia: contribution of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Am J Physiol 1999; 277:E332-E341. In this paper it is demonstrated that skeletal muscle protein breakdown is activated in the absence of classical cytokines (TNF, interleukin-1, interleukin-6).
23. Halton JM, Nazir DJ, McQueen MJ, Barr RD. Blood lipid profiles in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer 1998; 83:379-384.
24. Costelli P, Tessitore L, Batetta B, Mulas MF, Spano O, Pani P, et al. Alterations of lipid and cholesterol metabolism in cachectic tumor-bearing rats are prevented by insulin. J Nutr 1999; 129:700-706.
25. Ishiko O, Nishimura S, Yasui T, Sumi T, Hirai K, Honda K, Ogita S. Metabolic and morphologic characteristics of adipose tissue associated with the growth of malignant tumors. Jpn J Cancer Res 1999; 90:655-659.
26. Korber J, Pricelius S, Heidrich M, Muller MJ. Increased lipid utilization in weight losing and weight stable cancer patients with normal body weight. Eur J Clin Nutr 1999; 53:540-745.
27. Friedman JM. Leptin, leptin receptors, and the control of body weight. Nutr Rev 1998; 56:38-46.
28. López-Soriano J, Carbó N, Tessitore L, López-Soriano FJ, Argilés JM. Leptin and tumor growth in rats. Int J Cancer 1999; 81:726-729. This paper demonstrates that leptin is not involved in the pathogenesis of cancer cachexia.
29. Wallace AM, Sattar N, McMillan DC. Effect of weight loss and the inflammatory response on leptin concentrations in gastrointestinal cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res 1998; 4:2977-2979.
30. Tisdale MJ. Wasting in cancer. J Nutr 1999; 129(1S):243S-246S.
31. Tengku-Muhammad TS, Hughes TR, Cryer A, Ramji DP. Involvement of both the tyrosine kinase and the phosphatidylinositol-3′ kinase signal transduction pathways in the regulation of lipoprotein lipase expression in J774.2 macrophages by cytokines and lipopolysaccharide. Cytokine 1999; 11:463-468.
32. Bulló-Bonet M, Garcìa-Lorda P, López-Soriano FJ, Argilés JM, Salas-Salvado J. Tumour necrosis factor, a key role in obesity? FEBS Lett 1999; 451:215-219.
33. Todorov PT, McDevitt TM, Meyer DJ, Ueyama H, Ohkubo I, Tisdale MJ. Purification and characterization of a tumor lipid-mobilizing factor. Cancer Res 1998; 58:2353-2358.
34. Hirai K, Hussey HJ, Barber MD, Price SA, Tisdale MJ. Biological evaluation of a lipid-mobilizing factor isolated from the urine of cancer patients. Cancer Res 1998; 58:2359-2365.
35. Khan S, Tisdale MJ. Catabolism of adipose tissue by a tumour-produced lipid-mobilizing factor. Int J Cancer 1999; 80:444-447.
36. Price S, Tisdale MJ. Mechanism of inhibition of a tumor lipid-mobilizing factor by eicosapentenoic acid. Cancer Res 1998; 58:4827-4831.
37. Ishiko O, Yasui T, Hirai K, Honda K, Sumi T, Nishimura S, Ogita S. Lipolytic activity of anemia-inducing substance from tumor-bearing rabbits. Nutr Cancer 1999; 33:201-205.
38. Andrassy RJ, Chwals WJ. Nutritional support of the pediatric oncology patient. Nutrition 1998; 14:124-129.
39. Forchielli ML, Paolucci G, Lo CW. Total parenteral nutrition and home parenteral nutrition: an effective combination to sustain malnourished children with cancer. Nutr Rev 1999; 57:15-20.
40. Vigano A, Bruera E. Enteral and parenteral nutrition in cancer patients. In: Cachexia-anorexia in cancer patients. Bruera E, Higgins I (editors). Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1996. pp. 110-127.
41. Haslett PAJ. Anticytokine approaches to the treatment of anorexia and cachexia. Semin Oncol 1998; 25:53-57.
42. Ottery FD, Walsh D, Strawford A. Pharmacological management of anorexia/ cachexia. Semin Oncol 1998; 25:35-44.
43. Yamamoto N, Kawamura I, Nishigaki F, Tsujimoto S, Naoe Y, Inami M, et al. Effect of FR143430, a novel cytokine suppressive agent, on adenocarcinoma colon26-induced cachexia in mice. Anticancer Res 1998; 18:139-144.
44. Combaret L, Rallière C, Taillandier D, Tanaka K, Attaix D. Manipulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in cachexia: pentoxifylline suppresses the activation of 20S and 26S proteasomes in muscles from tumor-bearing rats. Mol Biol Rep 1999; 26:95-101.
45. Kawamura I, Morishita R, Tomita N, Lacey E, Aketa M, Tsujimoto S, et al. Intratumoral injection of oligonucleotides to the NF kappa B binding site inhibits cachexia in a mouse tumor model. Gene Ther 1999; 6:91-97. The interference at the molecular level with a signal transduction pathway involved in the synthesis of several cytokines is able to prevent the onset of cachexia.
46. MacKay SL, Tannahill CL, Auffenberg T, Ksontini R, Copeland EM III, Moldawer LL. Characterization in vitro and in vivo of hammerhead ribozymes directed against murine tumor necrosis factor alpha. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 260:390-397. This paper supports the possibility of blocking TNF production by inducing the degradation of its messenger RNA.