Blood cocaine and metabolite concentrations, clinical findings, and outcome of patients presenting to an ED

American Journal of Emergency Medicine

Volumn 18, Issue 5, 2000, Pages 593-598

  Blaho, Kari ^a,b   Logan, Barry ^a,b   Winbery, Stephen ^a,b   Park, Lynda ^a,b   Schwilke, Eugene ^a,b  

^a Department of Emergency Medicine and Clinical Toxicology   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

Blood cocaine concentrations; Cocaine metabolites; Cocaine toxicity; Drug abuse

Indexed keywords

BENZOYLECGONINE; COCAINE; DRUG METABOLITE; ECGONINE; ECGONINE METHYL ESTER; HOMOCOCAINE; NORCOCAINE;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD LEVEL; CLINICAL FEATURE; COCAINE DEPENDENCE; DISEASE SEVERITY; EMERGENCY WARD; FEMALE; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SYMPTOM; TREATMENT INDICATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 0033827620     PISSN: 07356757     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1053/ajem.2000.9282     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Lack of predictable site-dependent differences and time-dependent changes in postmortem concentrations of cocaine, bezoylecgonine, and cocaethylene in humans
2. An unusually high blood cocaine concentration in a fatal case
3. Relating cocaine blood concentrations to toxicity - An autopsy study of 99
4. Emerging patterns of cocaine use and the epidemic of cocaine overdose deaths in Dade County, Florida
5. Brain concentrations of cocaine and benzoylecgonine in fatal cases
6. Quantification of the alcohol withdrawal syndrome in 487 alcoholic patients
7. Assessment of alcohol withdrawal: The revised clinical institute withdrawal assessment for alcohol scale (*CIWA-Ar)
8. Alcohol withdrawal in the elderly
9. A comprehensive study of the stability of cocaine and its metabolites
10. Analysis of ecgonine and other cocaine biotransformation products in postmortem whole blood by protein precipitation-extractive alkylation and GC-MS
11. Lack of predictable site-dependent differences and time-dependent changes in postmortem concentrations of cocaine, benzoylecgonine, and cocaethylene in humans
12. A method for delivery of precise doses of smoked cocaine-base to humans
13. Subjective response during continuous infusion of cocaine
14. Acute behavioral and cardiac effects of cocaine and alcohol combinations in humans
15. Cocaethylene: Pharmacology, physiology and behavioral effects in humans
16. Concurrent cocaine-ethanol ingestion in humans: Pharmacology, physiology, behavior, and the role of cocaethylene
17. Cardiovascular and subjective effects of intravenous cocaine administration in humans
18. Acute systemic effects of cocaine in man: A controlled study by intranasal and intravenous routes
19. Cocaine plasma concentration: Relation to physiological and subjective effects in humans
20. Cocaine plasma concentrations in persons admitted to outpatient treatment: Relationship to treatment outcome
21. Plasma cocaine concentrations during cocaine paste smoking
22. Suspiciousness induced by four-hour intravenous infusions of cocaine. Preliminary findings
23. Cocaethylene levels in patients who test positive for cocaine
24. Smoked and intravenous cocaine in humans: Acute tolerance, cardiovascular and subjective effects
25. Smoked cocaine self-administration in females
26. Self-administration of cocaine by humans: Choice between smoked and intravenous cocaine
27. Oral cocaine: Plasma concentrations and central effects
28. The formation of cocaethylene and clinical presentation of ED patients testing positive for the use of cocaine and ethanol
29. Arterial and venous cocaine plasma concentrations in humans: Relationship to route of administration, cardiovascular and subjective effects
30. High blood and brain concentrations following intranasal administration
31. Cocaine fatality: An unexplained blood concentration in a fatal overdose
32. The interpretation of cocaine and benzoylecgonine concentrations in postmortem cases
33. A high fatal postmortem blood concentration of cocaine in a drug courier
34. Fatal excited delirium following cocaine use: Epidemiological findings provide new evidence for mechanisms of cocaine toxicity
35. Rhabdomyolysis associated with cocaine abuse
36. Gas chromatographyO-chemical ionization mass spectrometry of cocaine and its metabolites in biological fluids
37. The body packer syndrome - Toxicity following ingestion of illicit drugs packaged for transportation
38. Cocaine-induced psychosis and sudden death in recreational cocaine users
39. Cocaine pharmacokinetics in men and in women during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle
40. Cocaine tolerance: Behavioral, cardiovascular, and neuroendocrine function in men
41. Concurrent pharmacokinetic analysis of plasma cocaine and adrenocorticotropic hormone in men
42. Acute effects of cocaine on plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone, luteinizing hormone and prolactin levels in cocaine-dependent men
43. Sex differences in plasma cocaine levels and subjective effects after acute cocaine administration in human volunteers
44. Concurrent use of cocaine and alcohol by patients treated in the emergency department
45. Cocaine and metabolite concentrations in plasma during repeated oral administration: Development of a human laboratory model of chronic cocaine use
46. In vitro transesterification of cocaethylene (ethylcocaine) in the presence of ethanol. Esterase-mediated ethyl ester exchange esterase-mediated ethyl ester exchange
47. Cocaine and alcohol interactions in humans: Neuroendocrine effects and cocaethylene metabolism