메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 43, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 41-45

Relating cocaine blood concentrations to toxicity - An autopsy study of 99 cases

Author keywords

Benzoylecgonine; Cause of death; Cocaethylene; Cocaine; Forensic pathology; Forensic science; Forensic toxicology; Myocardial hypertrophy; Postmortem blood levels; Toxicity

Indexed keywords

COCAINE;

EID: 0031905972     PISSN: 00221198     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1520/jfs16087j     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (94)

References (39)
  • 2
    • 0020572219 scopus 로고
    • The determination of cocaine and its major metabolite, benzoylecgonine by computerized gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
    • Griesemer E, Liu Y, Budd R, et al. The determination of cocaine and its major metabolite, benzoylecgonine by computerized gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. J Forensic Sci 1983;28:894-900.
    • (1983) J Forensic Sci , vol.28 , pp. 894-900
    • Griesemer, E.1    Liu, Y.2    Budd, R.3
  • 3
    • 0017836645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The forensic toxicology of cocaine (1971-1976)
    • Finkle B, McCloskey K. The forensic toxicology of cocaine (1971-1976). J Forensic Sci 23:173-89.
    • J Forensic Sci , vol.23 , pp. 173-189
    • Finkle, B.1    McCloskey, K.2
  • 4
    • 13044263984 scopus 로고
    • Cocaine and benzoylecgonine concentrations in postmortem blood and liver
    • Goggins M, Roe S, Apple F. Cocaine and benzoylecgonine concentrations in postmortem blood and liver. Clin Chem 1990; 366:1023.
    • (1990) Clin Chem , vol.366 , pp. 1023
    • Goggins, M.1    Roe, S.2    Apple, F.3
  • 5
    • 0025988468 scopus 로고
    • Emerging patterns of cocaine use and the epidemic of cocaine overdose deaths in Dade County, Florida
    • Escobedo L, Ruttenber A, Agocs M, et al. Emerging patterns of cocaine use and the epidemic of cocaine overdose deaths in Dade County, Florida. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1991;115:900-5.
    • (1991) Arch Pathol Lab Med , vol.115 , pp. 900-905
    • Escobedo, L.1    Ruttenber, A.2    Agocs, M.3
  • 6
    • 0026356468 scopus 로고
    • Site-dependent postmortem changes in blood cocaine concentrations
    • Hearn W, Keran E, Wei H, Hime G. Site-dependent postmortem changes in blood cocaine concentrations. J Forensic Sci 1991;36(3):673-84.
    • (1991) J Forensic Sci , vol.36 , Issue.3 , pp. 673-684
    • Hearn, W.1    Keran, E.2    Wei, H.3    Hime, G.4
  • 7
    • 0029052377 scopus 로고
    • Benzoylecgonine and ecgonine methyl ester concentrations in urine specimens
    • Ramcharitar V, Levine B, Smialek J. Benzoylecgonine and ecgonine methyl ester concentrations in urine specimens. J Forensic Sci 1995;1:99-101.
    • (1995) J Forensic Sci , vol.1 , pp. 99-101
    • Ramcharitar, V.1    Levine, B.2    Smialek, J.3
  • 8
    • 0027260870 scopus 로고
    • Neurochemical mechanism of action of anorectic drugs
    • Samanin R, Garattini S. Neurochemical mechanism of action of anorectic drugs. Clin Pharm Tox 1993;73:63-8.
    • (1993) Clin Pharm Tox , vol.73 , pp. 63-68
    • Samanin, R.1    Garattini, S.2
  • 9
    • 0027192104 scopus 로고
    • Left ventricular hypertrophy in normotensive cocaine users
    • Om A, Ellahham S, Vetrovec G, et al. Left ventricular hypertrophy in normotensive cocaine users. Am Heart J 1993;5(1):1441-3.
    • (1993) Am Heart J , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 1441-1443
    • Om, A.1    Ellahham, S.2    Vetrovec, G.3
  • 10
    • 0026713612 scopus 로고
    • Coronary artery disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, and the risk of cocaine overdose death
    • Escobedo L, Ruttenber A, Anda R, et al. Coronary artery disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, and the risk of cocaine overdose death. Coronary Artery Disease 1992;3:853-7.
    • (1992) Coronary Artery Disease , vol.3 , pp. 853-857
    • Escobedo, L.1    Ruttenber, A.2    Anda, R.3
  • 11
    • 0029052812 scopus 로고
    • Myocardial hypertrophy and coronary artery disease in male cocaine users
    • Karch S, Green G, Young S. Myocardial hypertrophy and coronary artery disease in male cocaine users. J Forensic Sci 1995; 40(4):591-6.
    • (1995) J Forensic Sci , vol.40 , Issue.4 , pp. 591-596
    • Karch, S.1    Green, G.2    Young, S.3
  • 12
    • 0025988173 scopus 로고
    • Left ventricular hypertrophy associated with chronic cocaine abuse
    • Brickner E, Willard J, Eichorn E, et al. Left ventricular hypertrophy associated with chronic cocaine abuse. Circulation 1991;84(3): 1130-5.
    • (1991) Circulation , vol.84 , Issue.3 , pp. 1130-1135
    • Brickner, E.1    Willard, J.2    Eichorn, E.3
  • 13
    • 0030063383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular hypertrophy and increased vascular contractile responsiveness following repeated cocaine administration in rabbits
    • Sutliff R, Cai G, Gurdal H, et al. Cardiovascular hypertrophy and increased vascular contractile responsiveness following repeated cocaine administration in rabbits. Life Sciences 1996;58:675-82.
    • (1996) Life Sciences , vol.58 , pp. 675-682
    • Sutliff, R.1    Cai, G.2    Gurdal, H.3
  • 14
    • 0030598617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cocaine increases circulating levels of atrial natriuretic peptide and proatrial natriuretic peptide N-terminal fragment in conscious rats
    • Pelkonen M, Luodonää M, Vuolteenaho O, et al. Cocaine increases circulating levels of atrial natriuretic peptide and proatrial natriuretic peptide N-terminal fragment in conscious rats. Euro J Pharm 1996;305:55-62.
    • (1996) Euro J Pharm , vol.305 , pp. 55-62
    • Pelkonen, M.1    Luodonää, M.2    Vuolteenaho, O.3
  • 15
    • 0343187710 scopus 로고
    • Increasing plasma levels of cocaine following its chronic administration in the rat
    • Arnoudov P, Sandouk P, Latour C, et al. Increasing plasma levels of cocaine following its chronic administration in the rat. FASEB J 1995;9(3):A369.
    • (1995) FASEB J , vol.9 , Issue.3
    • Arnoudov, P.1    Sandouk, P.2    Latour, C.3
  • 17
    • 0029982654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiologic and electrocardiographic pharmacodynamics of cocaine
    • Tisdale J, Ducharme M, Shimoyama H, et al. Electrophysiologic and electrocardiographic pharmacodynamics of cocaine. Pharmacotherapy 1996;16(3):438-445.
    • (1996) Pharmacotherapy , vol.16 , Issue.3 , pp. 438-445
    • Tisdale, J.1    Ducharme, M.2    Shimoyama, H.3
  • 18
    • 0029977354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of cocaine on ventricular fibrillation threshold in the normal canine heart
    • Tisdale J, Shimoyama H, Sabbah H, Webb C. The effect of cocaine on ventricular fibrillation threshold in the normal canine heart. Pharmacotherapy 1996;16(3):429-37.
    • (1996) Pharmacotherapy , vol.16 , Issue.3 , pp. 429-437
    • Tisdale, J.1    Shimoyama, H.2    Sabbah, H.3    Webb, C.4
  • 19
    • 0024341585 scopus 로고
    • Direct actions of cocaine on cardiac cellular activity
    • Przywara D, Dambach G. Direct actions of cocaine on cardiac cellular activity. Circ Res 1989;65:185-92.
    • (1989) Circ Res , vol.65 , pp. 185-192
    • Przywara, D.1    Dambach, G.2
  • 20
    • 0025280867 scopus 로고
    • Prognostic implications of echocardiographically determined left ventricular mass in the Framingham Heart Study
    • Levy D, Garrison R, Savage D, et al. Prognostic implications of echocardiographically determined left ventricular mass in the Framingham Heart Study. N Engl J Med 1990;322:1561-6.
    • (1990) N Engl J Med , vol.322 , pp. 1561-1566
    • Levy, D.1    Garrison, R.2    Savage, D.3
  • 21
    • 0014548374 scopus 로고
    • Left ventricular hypertrophy by electrocardiogram. Prevalence, incidence and mortality in the Framingham Study
    • Kannel W, Gordon T, Offutt D. Left ventricular hypertrophy by electrocardiogram. Prevalence, incidence and mortality in the Framingham Study. Ann Intern Med 1969;71:89-105.
    • (1969) Ann Intern Med , vol.71 , pp. 89-105
    • Kannel, W.1    Gordon, T.2    Offutt, D.3
  • 22
    • 0021273666 scopus 로고
    • Hypertension and sudden death. Increased ventricular ectopic activity in left ventricular hypertrophy
    • Messerli F, Ventura H, Elilardi D, et al. Hypertension and sudden death. Increased ventricular ectopic activity in left ventricular hypertrophy. Am J Med 1984;77:18-22.
    • (1984) Am J Med , vol.77 , pp. 18-22
    • Messerli, F.1    Ventura, H.2    Elilardi, D.3
  • 23
    • 0013874178 scopus 로고
    • The diagnosis of death from intravenous narcotism, with emphasis on the pathologic aspects
    • Siegel H, Helpern M, Ehrenreich T. The diagnosis of death from intravenous narcotism, with emphasis on the pathologic aspects. J Forensic Sci 1966;11(1):1-16.
    • (1966) J Forensic Sci , vol.11 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-16
    • Siegel, H.1    Helpern, M.2    Ehrenreich, T.3
  • 24
    • 0015323559 scopus 로고
    • Narcotic addiction in Dade County, Florida - An analysis of 100 consecutive autopsies
    • Wetli C, Davis J, Blackbourne B. Narcotic addiction in Dade County, Florida - an analysis of 100 consecutive autopsies. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1972;93:330-43.
    • (1972) Arch Pathol Lab Med , vol.93 , pp. 330-343
    • Wetli, C.1    Davis, J.2    Blackbourne, B.3
  • 26
    • 0021703164 scopus 로고
    • In vivo and in vitro studies on cocaine metabolism: Ecgonine methyl ester as a major metabolite of cocaine
    • Matsubara K, Kagawa M, Fukui Y. In vivo and in vitro studies on cocaine metabolism: ecgonine methyl ester as a major metabolite of cocaine. Forensic Sci Int 1984;26(3):169-80.
    • (1984) Forensic Sci Int , vol.26 , Issue.3 , pp. 169-180
    • Matsubara, K.1    Kagawa, M.2    Fukui, Y.3
  • 27
    • 0025097863 scopus 로고
    • An example of cocaine tolerance in a gunshot wound fatality
    • Howell S, Ezell A. An example of cocaine tolerance in a gunshot wound fatality. J Anal Toxicol 1990;14:60-1.
    • (1990) J Anal Toxicol , vol.14 , pp. 60-61
    • Howell, S.1    Ezell, A.2
  • 28
    • 0027173626 scopus 로고
    • Cellular responses to chronic treatment with drugs of abuse
    • Nestler E. Cellular responses to chronic treatment with drugs of abuse. Crit Rev Neurobiol 1993;7(1):23-39.
    • (1993) Crit Rev Neurobiol , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 23-39
    • Nestler, E.1
  • 29
    • 0025223203 scopus 로고
    • Sudden death from acute cocaine intoxication in Virginia in 1988
    • Mckelway R, Vieweg V, Westerman P. Sudden death from acute cocaine intoxication in Virginia in 1988. Am J Psychiatr 1990;147(12):1667-9.
    • (1990) Am J Psychiatr , vol.147 , Issue.12 , pp. 1667-1669
    • Mckelway, R.1    Vieweg, V.2    Westerman, P.3
  • 30
    • 0029897359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in plasma cocaine levels and subjective effects after acute cocaine administration in human volunteers
    • Lukas S, Sholar M, Lundahl L, et al. Sex differences in plasma cocaine levels and subjective effects after acute cocaine administration in human volunteers. Psychopharmacology 1996;125:346-54.
    • (1996) Psychopharmacology , vol.125 , pp. 346-354
    • Lukas, S.1    Sholar, M.2    Lundahl, L.3
  • 31
    • 0029053962 scopus 로고
    • Fatal injuries after cocaine use as a leading cause of death among young adults in New York City
    • Marzuk P, Tardiff K, Leon A, et al. Fatal injuries after cocaine use as a leading cause of death among young adults in New York City. N Engl J Med 1995;332:1753-7.
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.332 , pp. 1753-1757
    • Marzuk, P.1    Tardiff, K.2    Leon, A.3
  • 32
    • 85045809053 scopus 로고
    • The relevance of urinary cocaethylene as a metabolite of cocaine under the simultaneous administration of alcohol
    • De La Torre R, Farré M, Ortuño J, et al. The relevance of urinary cocaethylene as a metabolite of cocaine under the simultaneous administration of alcohol. J Anal Toxicol 1991;15:223-8.
    • (1991) J Anal Toxicol , vol.15 , pp. 223-228
    • De La Torre, R.1    Farré, M.2    Ortuño, J.3
  • 33
    • 0025763080 scopus 로고
    • Cocaethylene - A neuropharmacologically active metabolite associated with concurrent cocaine-ethanol ingestion
    • Jatlow P, Elsworth J, Bradberry C, et al. Cocaethylene - a neuropharmacologically active metabolite associated with concurrent cocaine-ethanol ingestion. Life Sci 1991;48(18):1787-94.
    • (1991) Life Sci , vol.48 , Issue.18 , pp. 1787-1794
    • Jatlow, P.1    Elsworth, J.2    Bradberry, C.3
  • 34
    • 0029665166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cocaethylene levels in patients who test positive for cocaine
    • Brookoff D, Rotondo M, Shaw L, et al. Cocaethylene levels in patients who test positive for cocaine. Ann Emerg Med 1996; 27(3):316-20.
    • (1996) Ann Emerg Med , vol.27 , Issue.3 , pp. 316-320
    • Brookoff, D.1    Rotondo, M.2    Shaw, L.3
  • 35
    • 0024563510 scopus 로고
    • Prolonged occurrence of cocaine in human saliva and urine after chronic use
    • Cone E, Weddington W, Jr. Prolonged occurrence of cocaine in human saliva and urine after chronic use. J Anal Toxicol 1989;13:65-8.
    • (1989) J Anal Toxicol , vol.13 , pp. 65-68
    • Cone, E.1    Weddington Jr., W.2
  • 36
    • 0025344033 scopus 로고
    • Prolonged presence of metabolite in urine after compulsive cocaine use
    • Burke W, Ravi N, Dhopesh V, et al. Prolonged presence of metabolite in urine after compulsive cocaine use. J Clin Psychiatry 1990;51:145-8.
    • (1990) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.51 , pp. 145-148
    • Burke, W.1    Ravi, N.2    Dhopesh, V.3
  • 38
    • 0029145959 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cocaine
    • Cone E. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cocaine. J Anal Toxicol 1995;19:459-78.
    • (1995) J Anal Toxicol , vol.19 , pp. 459-478
    • Cone, E.1
  • 39
    • 0031025181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of predictable site dependent differences and time dependent changes in postmortem concentrations of cocaine, benzoylecgonine and cocaethylene in man
    • Logan B, Smirnow D, Gullberg R. Lack of predictable site dependent differences and time dependent changes in postmortem concentrations of cocaine, benzoylecgonine and cocaethylene in man. J Anal Toxicol 1997;21.
    • (1997) J Anal Toxicol , vol.21
    • Logan, B.1    Smirnow, D.2    Gullberg, R.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.