Salvage therapy for HIV infection: When and how

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

Volumn 14, Issue 9, 2000, Pages 465-476

  Nunez, M ^a   Soriano, V ^a  

^a NONE   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

1 (3 CYCLOPENTENYLMETHYL) 6 (3,5 DIMETHYLBENZOYL) 5 ETHYLURACIL; 3 ETHYL 6 FLUORO 4 ISOPROPOXYCARBONYL 3,4 DIHYDRO QUINOXALIN 2(1H) ONE; ADEFOVIR; ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; ATAZANAVIR; DIDANOSINE; DMP 961; EFAVIRENZ; EMIVIRINE; EMTRICITABINE; ENFUVIRTIDE; HYDROXYUREA; INDINAVIR; L 756423; LAMIVUDINE; LOPINAVIR; MOZENAVIR; NELFINAVIR; NEVIRAPINE; NEW DRUG; RITONAVIR; SAQUINAVIR; STAVUDINE; T 1249; TENOFOVIR; TIPRANAVIR; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; ZIDOVUDINE;

ARTICLE; DRUG RESEARCH; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; PATIENT SELECTION; SALVAGE THERAPY; TREATMENT FAILURE; VIREMIA; VIRUS RESISTANCE;

ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, HIGHLY ACTIVE; CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; DRUG ADMINISTRATION SCHEDULE; DRUG MONITORING; DRUG RESISTANCE, MICROBIAL; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV-1; HUMANS; MICROBIAL SENSITIVITY TESTS; PATIENT SELECTION; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; SALVAGE THERAPY; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VIRAL LOAD;

EID: 0033820304     PISSN: 10872914     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/108729100438845     Document Type: Article

References (102)

1. Decline in deaths from AIDS due to new antiretrovirals
2. Impact of new antiretroviral combination therapies in HIV-infected patients in Switzerland: Prospective multicenter study
3. Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced HIV
4. Antiretroviral treatment in 1998
5. Analysis of HIV-1 clinical trials: Statistical magic?
6. HIV RNA and CD4 cell count response to protease inhibitor therapy in an urban AIDS clinic: Response to both initial and salvage therapy
7. Patterns of response (CD4 cell count and viral load) at 6 months in HIV-infected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy
8. Poor reduction of HIV-1 RNA titres in NRTI experienced patients treated with indinavir combination therapy
9. The relation of virologic and immunologic markers to clinical outcomes after nucleoside therapy in HIV-infected adults with 200-500 CD4 cells per cubic millimeter
10. + lymphocyte counts and the risk of progression to AIDS
11. Monitoring plasma HIV-1 levels in addition to CD4 lymphocyte count improves assessment of antiretroviral therapeutic response
12. + lymphocytes as prognostic markers of HIV-1 infection
13. Changes in plasma HIV-RNA levels and CD4+ lymphocyte counts predict both response to antiretroviral therapy and therapeutic failure
14. Use of changes in plasma levels of HIV type 1 RNA to assess the clinical benefit of antiretroviral therapy
15. Suppression of plasma viral load below 20 copies/ml is required to achieve a long-term response to therapy
16. Detectable HIV-1 RNA at levels below quantifiable limits by Amplicor HIV-1 Monitor is associated with virologic relapse on antiretroviral therapy
17. The duration of viral suppression during protease inhibitor therapy for HIV-1 infection is predicted by plasma HIV-1 RNA at the nadir
18. Suppression of plasma virus load below the detection limit of a HIV kit is associated with longer virologic response than suppression below the limit of quantitation
19. CD4 T cell count in HIV-1 individuals remaining viremic with HAART: Swiss Cohort Study
20. Discrepant responses to triple combination antiretroviral therapy in advanced HIV disease
21. Virological treatment failure of highly active antiretroviral therapy in an unselected cohort of HIV-infected patients
22. Heterogeneity in the response to antiretroviral therapy
23. + T cell turnover in HIV-infected patients
24. Antiretroviral therapy in adults
25. Antiretroviral therapy in patients with suboptimal virologic suppression
26. A controlled trial of two nucleoside analogues plus indinavir in persons with HIV infection and CD4 cell counts of 200 per cubic millimeter or less
27. Factors that predict incomplete virological response to protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy
28. Clinical progression and virological failure on highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1 patients: A prospective cohort study
29. Predictors of long-term response to protease inhibitor therapy in a cohort of HIV-infected patients
30. Incidence and predictors of virologic failure of antiretroviral triple-drug therapy in a community-based cohort
31. Disease progression, adherence, and response to protease inhibitor therapy for HIV infection in an urban Veterans Affairs Medical Center
32. A randomized, double-blind trial comparing combinations of nevirapine, didanosine, and zidovudine for HIV-infected patients. The INCAS trial
33. Impact of early initiation of antiretroviral therapy on residual viremia
34. Toxicity, efficacy, plasma drug concentrations and protease mutations in patients with advanced HIV infection treated with ritonavir plus saquinavir
35. Efficacy of salvage therapy containing ritonavir and saquinavir after failure of single protease inhibitor-containing regimens
36. Genotypic and phenotypic correlates of response to abacavir
37. Correlation of virological response with genotype and phenotype of plasma HIV-1 variants in patients treated with nelfinavir in the US expanded access program
38. Baseline resistance profile predicts response to ritonavir/saquinavir therapy in a community setting
39. Predictors of antiviral response to saquinavir/ritonavir therapy in a clinical cohort who have failed prior protease inhibitors: A comparison of clinical characteristics, antiretroviral drug history and HIV genotype
40. Novel four-drug salvage treatment regimens after failure of a HIV type 1 protease inhibitor-containing regimen: Antiviral activity and correlation of baseline phenotypic drug susceptibility with virologic outcome
41. Efficacy of a five-drug combination including ritonavir, saquinavir and efavirenz in patients who failed on a conventional triple-drug regimen: Phenotypic resistance to protease inhibitors predicts outcome on therapy
42. Impact of drug resistance mutations on virological response to salvage therapy
43. Drug resistance testing: Time to be used in clinical practice?
44. Introduction of HIV drug-resistance testing in clinical practice
45. Drug resistance genotyping in HIV-1 therapy: The VIRADAPT randomized controlled trial
46. Final results of CPCRA 046: A pilot study of antiretroviral management based on plasma genotypic antiretroviral resistance testing (GART) in patients failing antiretroviral therapy
47. Phenotypic resistance testing significantly improves response to therapy: A randomized trial
48. Efficiency of drug resistance genotypic tests in specimens with low HIV viral load
49. Worldwide evaluation of DNA sequencing approaches for identification of drug resistance mutations in the HIV-1 RT
50. Prevalence and conditions of selection of 44D and/or 1181 RT mutations in clinical practice
51. Spanish consensus conference on drug resistance testing in clinical practice
52. Genetic correlates of virological response to an indinavir-containing salvage regimen in patients with nelfinavir failure
53. Virologic responses to a ritonavir-saquinavir-containing regimen in patients who had previously failed nelfinavir
54. HIV type 1 cloning vectors for antiretroviral resistance testing
55. Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in HIV-infected adults and adolescents
56. Residual HIV-1 RNA in blood plasma of patients taking suppressive highly active antiretroviral therapy
57. Different outcome in patients achieving complete or partial viral load suppression on antiretroviral therapy
58. Induction-maintenance (5 to 3 drugs) in patients with high viral load
59. Treatment intensification with Ziagen in HIV infected patients with previous 3TC/ZDV antiretroviral treatment (CNAA/B3009)
60. Intensification of stable background antiretroviral therapy with Ziagen
61. Simultaneous vs. sequential initiation of therapy with indinavir, zidovudine, and lamivudine for HIV-1 infection: 100-Week follow-up
62. Treatment with indinavir, nevirapine, stavudine, and 3TC following treatment with amprenavir-containing regimen
63. ABT-378/ritonavir (ABT-378r) in protease inhibitor-experienced HIV-infected patients: Preliminary 24 week results
64. Clinical resistance patterns and responses to two sequential protease inhibitor regimens in saquinavir and reverse transcriptase inhibitor-experienced persons
65. What dual protease inhibitor combination for salvage therapies?
66. Multiple-dose pharmacokinetics (PK) and tolerability of indinavir (IDV) and ritonavir (RTV) combinations in healthy volunteers
67. The steady-state plasma pharmacokinetics of indinavir alone and in combination with a low dose of ritonavir in twice daily dosing regimens in HIV-infected individuals
68. Differences in protease inhibitor (PI) phenotypic susceptibility after failure of the first PI-containing regimen
69. Replicative fitness of protease inhibitor-resistant mutants of HIV type 1
70. Non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
71. Rate of NNRTI resistance among patients failing a nevirapine plus PI-containing regimen
72. Can early failure with nevirapine be rescued with efavirenz?
73. The presence or absence of zidovudine in a nevirapine-containing antiretroviral regimen determines which of two nevirapine-limiting mutations occur on virologic failure
74. Immune restoration by combination of a cytostatic drug (hydroxyurea) and anti-HIV drugs (didanosine and indinavir)
75. Immunology taught by viruses
76. A placebo-controlled trial of didanosine plus stavudine, with and without hydroxyurea, for HIV infection
77. Abacavir in combination with the inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor mycophenolic acid is active against multidrug-resistant HIV-1
78. Interactions of antiretroviral drugs
79. Itraconazole as an alternative for ritonavir liquid formulation when combined with saquinavir
80. Enhanced fidelity of 3TC-selected mutant HIV-1 reverse transcriptase
81. Protease inhibitors: Resistance, cross-resistance, fitness and the choice of initial and salvage therapies
82. Attenuated replication of HIV-1 with ddI selected RT mutation
83. Decreased processivity of HIV-1 RT containing ddI-selected mutation L74V: A comparative analysis of RT variants L74V and lamivudine-selected M184V
84. Virological and immunological response to mega-HAART salvage therapy after failure of multiple antiretroviral regimens
85. Multidrug rescue therapy for HIV-infected individuals with prior virological failure to multiple regimens
86. Mega-HAART, resistance and drug holidays
87. Dynamics of viral load rebound and immunological changes after stopping effective antiretroviral therapy
88. Monthly cyclic therapy as salvage intervention for heavily pretreated HIV-positive patients with virological failure
89. HIV drug resistance and insufficient drug plasma levels as factors determining antiretroviral treatment failure
90. Highly drug-resistant HIV-1 clinical isolates are cross-resistant to many antiretroviral compounds in current clinical development
91. A Randomized, controlled trial of indinavir, zidovudine, and lamivudine in adults with advanced HIV-1 infection and prior antiretroviral therapy
92. HIV-1 protease inhibitor ritonavir modulates susceptibility to apoptosis of uninfected T cells
93. Potent antiretroviral activity of dOTC (BCH-10652) in HIV-infected patients: Initial results from a phase I/II clinical trial
94. HIV-1 expressing the lamivudine-associated M184V mutation in reverse transcriptase shows increased susceptibility to adefovir and decreased replication capability in vitro
95. A double-blind placebo-controlled study of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) for the treatment of HIV infection
96. A phase II, open-label study to evaluate the antiviral activity, safety, and tolerability of emivirine (EMV, MKC-442) with stavudine (d4T) + didanosine (ddI)
97. Genotypic and phenotypic analysis of HIV-1 from patients receiving therapy containing two NRTIs in combination with the NNRTI, emivirine (MKC-442)
98. Preliminary tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and initial effect on plasma HIV-1 RNA following administration of GW420867X once-daily (50 mg, 100 mg and 200 mg for 28 days to patients infected with HIV-1
99. ABT-378, a highly potent inhibitor of the HIV protease
100. The year in review: Antiretroviral treatment
101. Potent suppression of HIV-1 replication in humans by T-20, a peptide inhibitor of gp41-mediated virus entry
102. Sixteen week analysis of heavily pre-treated patients receiving T-20 as a component of multi-drug salvage therapy