Identification of a suppressor of the Dictyostelium profilin-minus phenotype as a CD36/LIMP-II homologue

Journal of Cell Biology

Volumn 145, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 167-181

  Karakesisoglou, Iakowos ^a,c   Janssen, Klaus Peter ^a   Eichinger, Ludwig ^a   Noegel, Angelika A ^b   Schleicher, Michael ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COLOGNE   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO   (United States)

Author keywords

CD36; Cytoskeleton; LIMP II; Phosphatidylinositides; Profilin suppressor

Indexed keywords

CD36 ANTIGEN; MEMBRANE PROTEIN; PROFILIN; PROTEIN DDLIMP; TRIPHOSPHOINOSITIDE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ARTICLE; CELL MATURATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYTOKINESIS; DICTYOSTELIUM DISCOIDEUM; GENE FUNCTION; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN ANALYSIS; PROTEIN BINDING; PROTEIN DETERMINATION; PROTEIN ISOLATION; PROTEIN LOCALIZATION; PROTEIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITION; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY; SITE DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMALS; ANTIGENS, CD36; CHROMATOGRAPHY, GEL; CLONING, MOLECULAR; CONSENSUS SEQUENCE; CONTRACTILE PROTEINS; DICTYOSTELIUM; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENE TARGETING; GENES, PROTOZOAN; GENES, SUPPRESSOR; LYSOSOMES; MEMBRANE GLYCOPROTEINS; MICROFILAMENT PROTEINS; MICROSCOPY, FLUORESCENCE; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; PHENOTYPE; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 4,5-DIPHOSPHATE; POLYMORPHISM, RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH; PROFILINS; PROTOZOAN PROTEINS; RECOMBINATION, GENETIC; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY, AMINO ACID; SPECIES SPECIFICITY;

DICTYOSTELIUM; DICTYOSTELIUM DISCOIDEUM; EUKARYOTA; MAMMALIA; PROTOZOA;

EID: 0033526050     PISSN: 00219525     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1083/jcb.145.1.167     Document Type: Article

References (109)

1. Abumrad, N.A., M.R. El-Maghrabi, E. Amri, E. Lopez, and P.A. Grimaldi. 1993. Cloning of a rat adipocyte membrane protein implicated in binding or transport of long-chain fatty acids that is induced during preadipocyte differentiation. J. Biol. Chem. 268:17665-17668.
2. Acton, S., A. Rigotti, K.T. Landschulz, S. Xu, H.H. Hobbs, and M. Krieger. 1996. Identification of scavenger receptor SR-BI as a high density lipoprotein receptor. Science. 271:518-520.
3. Adachi, H., T. Hasebe, K. Yoshinaga, T. Ohta, and K. Sutoh. 1994. Isolation of Dictyostelium discoideum mutants by restriction enzyme-mediated integration of the blasticidin S resistance marker. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 205:1808-1814.
4. Altschul, S.F., W. Gish, W. Miller, E.W. Myers, and D.J. Lipman. 1990. Basic local alignment search tool. J. Mol. Biol. 215:403-410.
5. Araki, N., M.T. Johnson, and J.A. Swanson. 1996. A role for phosphoinositide 3-kinase in the completion of macropinocytosis and phagocytosis by macrophages. J. Cell Biol. 135:1249-1260.
6. Asch, A.S., I. Liu, F.M. Briccetti, J.W. Barnwell, F. Kwakye-Berko, A. Dokun, J. Goldberger, and M. Pernambuco. 1993. Analysis of CD36 binding domains: ligand specificity controlled by dephosphorylation of an ectodomain. Science. 262:1436-1440.
7. Aubry, L., G. Klein, J.L. Martiel, and M. Satre. 1993. Kinetics of endosomal pH evolution in Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae. Study by fluorescence spectroscopy. J. Cell Sci. 105:861-866.
8. Aubry, L., G. Klein, and M. Satre. 1997. Cytoskeletal dependence and modulation of endocytosis in Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae. In Dictyostelium: A Model System for Cell and Developmental Biology. Y. Maeda, K. Inouye, and I. Takeuchi, editors. Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan. 65-74.
9. Baillie, A.G.S., C.T. Coburn, and N.A. Abumrad. 1996. Reversible binding of long-chain fatty acids to purified FAT, the adipose CD36 homolog. J. Membr. Biol. 153:75-81.
10. Balasubramanian, M.K., B.R. Hirani, J.D. Burke, and K.L. Gould. 1994. The Schizosaccharomyces pombe cdc3+ gene encodes a profilin essential for cytokinesis. J. Cell Biol. 125:1289-1301.
11. Balasubramanian, M.K., A. Feoktistova, D. McCollum, and K.L. Gould. 1996. Fission yeast Sop2p: a novel and evolutionarily conserved protein that interacts with Arp3p and modulates profilin function. EMBO (Eur. Mol. Biol. Organ.) J. 15:6426-6437.
12. Bear, J.E., J.F. Rawls, and C.L. Saxe III. 1998. SCAR, a WASP-related protein, isolated as a suppressor of receptor defects in late Dictyostelium development. J. Cell Biol. 142:1325-1335.
13. Boelker, M., H.U. Bohnert, K.H. Braun, J. Gorl, and R. Kahmann. 1995. Tagging pathogenicity genes in Ustilago maydis by restriction enzyme-mediated integration (REMI). Mol. Gen. Genet. 248:547-552.
14. Boyles, J., and D.F. Bainton. 1981. Changes in plasma-membrane-associated filaments during endocytosis and exocytosis in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Cell. 24:905-914.
15. Brown, D.H., I.V. Slobodkin, and C.A. Kumamoto. 1996. Stable transformation and regulated expression of an inducible reporter construct in Candida albicans using restriction enzyme-mediated integration. Mol. Gen. Genet. 251:75-80.
16. Buczynski, G., B. Grove, A. Nomura, M. Kleve, J. Bush, R.A. Firtel, and J. Cardelli. 1997. Inactivation of two Dictyostelium discoideum genes DdPIK1 and DdPIK2, encoding proteins related to mammalian phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases, results in defects in endocytosis, lysosome to postlysosome transport, and actin cytoskeleton organization. J. Cell Biol. 136:1271-1286.
17. Calvo, D., and M.A. Vega. 1993. Identification, primary structure, and distribution of CLA-1, a novel member of the CD36/LIMPII gene family. J. Biol. Chem. 268:18929-18935.
18. Calvo, D., J. Dopazo, and M.A. Vega. 1995. The CD36, CLA-1 (CD36L1), and LIMPII (CD36L2) gene family: cellular distribution, chromosomal location, and genetic evolution. Genomics. 25:100-196.
19. Cardelli, J.A., J.M. Richardson, and D. Miears. 1989. Role of acidic intracellular compartments in the biosynthesis of Dictyostelium lysosomal enzymes: the weak bases ammonium chloride and chloroquine differentially affect proteolylic processing and sorting. J. Biol. Chem. 264:3454-3463.
20. Carlier, M.F., and D. Pantaloni. 1997. Control of actin dynamics in cell motility. J. Mol. Biol. 269:459-467.
21. Carlsson, L., L.E. Nystrom, I. Sundkvist, F. Markey, and U. Lindberg. 1977. Actin polymerizability is influenced by profilin, a low molecular weight protein in nonmuscle cells. J. Mol. Biol. 115:465-483.
22. Castrillon, D.H., and S.A. Wasserman. 1994. Diaphanous is required for cytokinesis in Drosophila and shares domains of similarity with the products of the limb deformity gene. Development. 120:3367-3377.
23. Chang, F., A. Woollard, and P. Nurse. 1996. Isolation and characterization of fission yeast mutants defective in the assembly and placement of the contractile actin ring. J. Cell Sci. 109:131-142.
24. Claviez, M., K. Pagh, H. Maruta, W. Baltes, P. Fisher, and G. Gerisch. 1982. Electron microscopic mapping of monoclonal antibodies on the tail region of Dictyostelium myosin. EMBO (Eur. Mol. Biol. Organ.) J. 1:1017-1022.
25. Cooley, L., E. Verheyen, and K. Ayers. 1992. chickadee encodes a profilin required for intercellular cytoplasm transport during Drosophila oogenesis. Cell. 69:173-184.
26. Crombie, R., and R. Silverstein. 1998. Lysosomal integral membrane protein II binds thrombospondin. J. Biol. Chem. 273:4855-4863.
27. de Hostos, E.L., B. Bradtke, F. Lottspeich, R. Guggenheim, and G. Gerisch. 1991. Coronin, an actin-binding protein of Dictyostelium discoideum localized to cell surface projections, has sequence similarities to G protein β subunits. EMBO (Eur. Mol. Biol. Organ.) J. 10:4097-4104.
28. De Lozanne, A., and J. Spudich. 1987. Disruption of the Dictyostelium myosin heavy chain gene by homologous recombination. Science. 236:1086-1091.
29. Devereux, J., P. Haeberli, and O. Smithies. 1984. A comprehensive set of sequence analysis programs for the VAX. Nucleic. Acids Res. 12:387-395.
30. Doering, V., M. Schleicher, and A.A. Noegel. 1991. Dictyostelium annexin VII (synexin). cDNA sequence and isolation of a gene disruption mutant. J. Biol. Chem. 266:17509-17515.
31. Endemann, G., L.W. Stanton, K.S. Madden, C.M. Bryant, R.T. White, and A.A. Protter. 1993. CD36 is a receptor for oxidized low density lipoprotein. J. Biol. Chem. 268:11811-11816.
32. Felsenstein, J. 1989. PHYLIP - Phylogeny Inference Package (Version 3.2). Cladistics. 5:164-166.
33. 2 and their alteration by gelsolin and tau. Biophys. J. 73:1440-1447.
34. Furukawa, R., and M. Fechheimer. 1994. Differential localization of α-actinin and the 30 kD actin-bundling protein in the cleavage furrow, phagocytic cup, and contractile vacuole of Dictyostelium discoideum. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton. 29:46-56.
35. 2 and inhibits its hydrolysis by phospholipase C. Science. 247:1575-1578.
36. Greenwalt, D.M., R.H. Lipsky, C.F. Ockenhouse, H. Ikeda, N.N. Tandon, and G.A. Jamieson. 1992. Membrane glycoprolein CD36: a review of its roles in adherence, signal transduction, and transfusion medicine. Blood. 80:1105-1115.
37. Haarer, B.K., A. Corbett, Y. Kweon, A.S. Petzold, P. Silver, and S.S. Brown. 1996. SEC3 mutations are synthetically lethal with profilin mutations and cause defects in diploid-specific bud-site selection. Genetics. 144:495-510.
38. Hacker, U., R. Albrecht, and M. Maniak. 1997. Fluid-phase uptake by macropinocytosis in Dictyostelium. J. Cell Sci. 110:105-110.
39. Hartwig, J.H., G.M. Bokoch, C.L. Carpenter, P.A. Janmey, L.A. Taylor, A. Toker, and T.P. Stossel. 1995. Thrombin receptor ligation and activated rac uncap actin filament barbed ends through phosphoinositide synthesis in permeabilized human platelets. Cell. 82:643-653.
40. Haugwitz, M., A.A. Noegel, D. Rieger, F. Lottspeich, and M. Schleicher. 1991. Dictyostelium discoideum contains two profilin isoforms that differ in structure and function. J. Cell Sci. 100:481-489.
41. Haugwitz, M., A.A. Noegel, J. Karakesisoglou, and M. Schleicher. 1994. Dictyostelium amoeba that lack G-actin-sequestering profilins show defects in F-actin content, cytokinesis, and development. Cell. 79:303-314.
42. Heiska, L., K. Alfthan, M. Groenholm, P. Vilja, A. Vaheri, and O. Carpen. 1998. Association of ezrin with intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and -2 (ICAM-1 and ICAM-2). Regulation by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. J. Biol. Chem. 273:21893-21900.
43. Hirao, A., I. Hamaguchi, T. Suda, and N. Yamaguchi. 1997. Translocation of the Csk homologous kinase (Chk/Hyl) controls activity of CD36-anchored Lyn tyrosine kinase in thrombin-stimulated platelets. EMBO (Eur. Mol. Biol. Organ.) J. 16:2342-2351.
44. Hitt, A.L., T.H. Lu, and E.J. Luna. 1994. Ponticulin is an atypical membrane protein. J. Cell Biol. 126:1421-1431.
45. Honing, S., and W. Hunziker. 1995. Cytoplasmic determinants involved in direct lysosomal sorting, endocytosis, and basolateral targeting of rat Igp120 (lamp-I) in MDCK cells. J. Cell Biol. 128:321-332.
46. Honing, S., J. Griffith, H.J. Geuze, and W. Hunziker. 1996. The tyrosine-based lysosomal targeting signal in lamp-1 mediates sorting into Golgi-derived clathrin-coated vesicles. EMBO (Eur. Mol. Biol. Organ.) J. 15:5230-5239.
47. Honing, S., I.V. Sandoval, and K. von Figura. 1998. A di-leucine-based motif in the cytoplasmic tail of LIMP-II and tyrosinase mediates selective binding of AP-3. EMBO (Eur. Mol. Biol. Organ.) J. 17:1304-1314.
48. 2 and its stabilization by Gβγ. Nature. 391:803-806.
49. Hunziker, W., and H.J. Geuze. 1996. Intracellular trafficking of lysosomal membrane proteins. Bioessays. 18:379-389.
50. Ibrahimi, A., Z. Sfeir, H. Magharaie, E. Amri, P. Grimaldi, and N.A. Abumrad. 1996. Expression of the CD36 homolog (FAT) in fibroblast cells: effects on fatty acid transport. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 93:2646-2651.
51. Janmey, P.A. 1995. Protein regulation by phosphatidylinositol lipids. Chem. Biol. 2:61-65.
52. Janmey, P.A., and T.P. Stossel. 1989. Gelsolin-polyphosphoinositide interaction. Full expression of gelsolin-inhibiting function by polyphosphoinositides in vesicular form and inactivation by dilution, aggregation, or masking of the inositol head group. J. Biol. Chem. 264:4825-4831.
53. Janmey, P.A., J. Lamb, P.G. Allen, and P.T. Matsudaira. 1992. Phosphoinositide-binding peptides derived from the sequences of gelsolin and villin. J. Biol. Chem. 267:11818-11823.
54. Kroll, K.L., and E. Amaya. 1996. Transgenic Xenopus embryos from sperm nuclear transplantation reveal FGF signaling requirement during gastrulation. Development. 122:3173-3183.
55. Kuspa, A., and W.F. Loomis. 1992. Tagging developmental genes in Dictyostelium by restriction enzyme-mediated integration of plasmid DNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 89:8803-8807.
56. Kyte, J., and R.F. Doolittle. 1982. A simple method for displaying the hydropathic character of a protein. J. Mol. Biol. 157:105-132.
57. 4. Nature. 227:680-685.
58. Landschulz, K.T., R.K. Pathak, A. Rigotti, M. Krieger, and H.H. Hobbs. 1996. Regulation of scavenger receptor, class B, type I, a high density lipoprotein receptor, in liver and steroidogenic tissues of the rat. J. Clin. Invest. 98:984-995.
59. Lassing, I., and U. Lindberg. 1985. Specific interaction between phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and profilactin. Nature. 314:472-474.
60. Loomis, W.F., and D.W. Smith. 1995. Consensus phylogeny of Dictyostelium. Experientia. 51:1110-1115.
61. Lowry, O.H., N.J. Rosebraugh, A.L. Fair, and R.J. Randall. 1951. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193:265-275.
62. Lu, P.J., W.R. Shieh, S.G. Rhee, H.L. Yin, and C.S. Chen. 1996. Lipid products of phosphoinositide 3-kinase bind human profilin with high affinity. Biochemistry. 35:14027-14034.
63. Machesky, L.M., S.J. Atkinson, C. Ampe, J. Vandekerckhove, and T.D. Pollard. 1994. Purification of a cortical complex containing two unconventional actins from Acanthamoeba by affinity chromatography on profilin-agarose. J. Cell Biol. 127:107-115.
64. Maniak, M., R. Rauchenberger, R. Albrecht, J. Murphy, and G. Gerisch. 1995. Coronin involved in phagocytosis: dynamics of particle induced relocalization visualized by a green fluorescent protein tag. Cell. 83:915-924.
65. Manseau, L., J. Calley, and H. Phan. 1996. Profilin is required for posterior patterning of the Drosophila oocyte. Development. 122:2109-2116.
66. McCollum, D., A. Feoktistova, M. Morphew, M. Balasubramanian, and K.L. Gould. 1996. The Schizosaccharomyces pombe actin-related protein, Arp3, is a component of the cortical actin cytoskeleton and interacts with profilin. EMBO (Eur. Mol. Biol. Organ.) J. 15:6438-6446.
67. Murao, K., V. Terpstra, S.R. Green, N. Kondratenko, D. Steinberg, and O. Quehenberger. 1997. Characterization of CLA-1, a human homologue of rodent scavenger receptor SR-BI, as a receptor for high density lipoprotein and apoptotic thymocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 272:17551-17557.
68. Noegel, A.A., and J.E. Luna. 1995. The Dictyostelium cytoskeleton. Experientia. 51:1135-1143.
69. Noegel, A.A., D.L. Welker, B.A. Metz, and K.L. Williams. 1985. Presence of nuclear associated plasmids in the lower eukaryote Dictyostelium discoideum. J. Mol. Biol. 185:447-450.
70. Nolta, K.V., H. Padh, and T.L. Steck. 1991. Acidosomes from Dictyostelium. J. Biol. Chem. 266:18318-18323.
71. Ogata, S., and M. Fukuda. 1994. Lysosomal targeting of limpII membrane glycoprotein requires a novel Leu-Ile motif at a particular position in its cytoplasmic tail. J. Biol. Chem. 269:5210-5217.
72. Ohno, H., J. Stewart, M.C. Fournier, H. Bosshart, I. Rhee, S. Miyatake, T. Saito, A. Gallusser, T. Kirchhausen, and J.S. Bonifacio. 1995. Interaction of tyrosine-based sorting signals with clathrin-associated proteins. Science. 269: 1872-1875.
73. Ostrander, D.B., J.A. Gorman, and G.M. Carman. 1995. Regulation of profilin localization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by phosphoinositide metabolism. J. Biol. Chem. 270:27045-27050.
74. Padh, H., J. Ha, M. Lavasa, and T.L. Steck. 1993. A post-lysosomal compartment in Dictyostelium discoideum. J. Biol. Chem. 268:6742-6747.
75. Rauchenberger, R., U. Hacker, J. Murphy, J. Nieswoehner, and M. Maniak. 1997. Coronin and vacuolin identify consecutive stages of a late, actin-coated endocytic compartment in Dictyostelium. Curr. Biol. 7:215-218.
76. Reinhard, M., K. Giehl, K. Abel, C. Haffner, T. Jarchau, V. Hoppe, B.M. Jockusch, and U. Walter. 1995. The proline-rich focal adhesion and microfilament protein VASP is a ligand for profilins. EMBO (Eur. Mol. Biol. Organ.) J. 14:1583-1589.
77. Rezabek, B.L., J.M. Rodriguez-Paris, J.A. Cardelli, and C.P. Chia. 1997. Phagosomal proteins of Dictyostelium discoideum. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 44:284-292.
78. Rigotti, A., S.L. Acton, and M. Krieger. 1995. The class B scavenger receptors SR-BI and CD36 are receptors for anionic phospholipids. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 16221-16224.
79. Rigotti, A., B.L. Trigatti, M. Penman, H. Rayburn, J. Herz, and M. Krieger. 1997. A targeted mutation in the murine gene encoding the high density lipoprotein (HDL) receptor scavenger receptor class B type I reveals its key role in HDL metabolism. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 94:12610-12615.
80. Ryeom, S.W., R.L. Silverstein, A. Scotto, and J.R. Sparrow. 1996. Binding of anionic phospholipids to retinal pigment epithelium may be mediated by the scavenger receptor CD36. J. Biol. Chem. 271:20536-20539.
81. Sambrook, J., E.F. Fritsch, and T. Maniatis. 1989. Molecular Cloning. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY. 1379 pp.
82. Sandoval, I.V., J.J. Arredondo, J. Alcalde, A. Gonzalez Noriega, J. Vandekerckhove, M.A. Jimenez, and M. Rico. 1994. The residues Leu(Ile)(475)-Ile(Leu,Val,Ala)(476), contained in the extended carboxyl cytoplasmic tail, are critical for targeting of the resident lysosomal membrane protein limpII to lysosomes. J. Biol. Chem. 269:6622-6631.
83. Sanger, F., S. Nicklen, and A.R. Coulson. 1977. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 74:5463-5467.
84. Schiestl, R.H., and T.D. Petes. 1991. Integration of DNA fragments by illegitimate recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 88:7585-7589.
85. Schroit, A.J., and R.F.A. Zwaal. 1991. Transbilayer movement of phospholipids in red cell and platelet membranes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1071:313-329.
86. Sharp, P.M., and K.M. Devine. 1989. Codon usage and gene expression level in Dictyostelium discoideum highly expressed genes do "prefer" optimal codons. Nucleic Acids Res. 17:5029-5039.
87. Shaulsky, G., R. Escalante, and W.F. Loomis. 1996. Developmental signal transduction pathways uncovered by genetic suppressors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 93:15260-15265.
88. Shaw, G. 1996. The pleckstrin homology domain: an intriguing multifunctional protein module. Bioessays. 18:35-46.
89. Simpson, P.A., J.A. Spudich, and P. Parham. 1984. mAbs prepared against Dictyostelium actin: characterization and interactions with actin. J. Cell Biol. 99: 287-295.
90. Sohn, R.H., and P.J. Goldschmidt-Clermont. 1994. Profilin: at the crossroads of signal transduction and the actin cytoskeleton. Bioessays. 16:465-472.
91. Souza, G.M., D.P. Mehta, M. Lammertz, J. Rodriguez-Paris, R. Wu, J.A. Cardelli, and H.H. Freeze. 1997. Dictyostelium lysosomal proteins with different sugar modifications sort to functionally distinct compartments. J. Cell Sci. 110:2239-2248.
92. Spudich, J.A., and S. Watt. 1971. The regulation of rabbit skeletal muscle contraction. I. Biochemical studies of the interaction of the tropomyosin-troponin complex with actin and the proteolytic fragments of myosin. J. Biol. Chem. 246:4866-4871.
93. Sugiura, Y. 1981. Structure of molecular aggregates of 1-(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-L-myo-inositol 3,4-bisphosphate) in water. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 641:148-159.
94. Tanaka, M., and H. Shibata. 1985. Poly(L-proline)-binding proteins from chick embryos are a profilin and a profilactin. Eur. J. Biochem. 151:291-297.
95. Tandon, N.N., R.H. Lipsky, W.H. Burgess, and G.A. Jamieson. 1989. Isolation and characterization of platelet glycoprotein IV (CD36). J. Biol. Chem. 264: 7570-7575.
96. Temesvari, L., J. Rodriguez-Paris, J. Bush, T.L. Steck, and J. Cardelli. 1994. Characterization of lysosomal membrane proteins of Dictyostelium discoideum. J. Biol. Chem. 269:25719-25727.
97. Temesvari, L.A., J.M. Bush, M.D. Peterson, K.D. Novak, M.A. Titus, and J.A. Cardelli. 1996. Examination of the endosomal and lysosomal pathways in Dictyostelium discoideum myosin I mutants. J. Cell Sci. 109:663-673.
98. Thorne, R.F., C.J. Meldrum, S.J. Harris, D.J. Dorahy, D.R. Shafren, M.C. Berndt, G.F. Burns, and P.G. Gibson. 1997. CD36 forms covalently associated dimers and multimers in platelets and transfected COS-7 cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 240:812-818.
99. Touhara, K., W.J. Koch, B.E. Hawes, and R.J. Lefkowitz. 1995. Mutational analysis of the pleckstrin homology domain of the β-adrenergic receptor kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 270:17000-17005.
100. Towbin, H., T. Staehelin, and J. Gordon. 1979. Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 76:4350-4354.
101. Vega, M.A., B. Segui-Real, J. Alcalde Garcia, C. Calés, F. Rodriguez, J. Vandekerckhove, and I.V. Sandoval. 1991. Cloning, sequencing, and expression of a cDNA encoding rat LIMPII, a novel 74-kDa lysosomal membrane protein related to the surface adhesion protein CD36. J. Biol. Chem. 266:16818-16824.
102. Verheyen, E.M., and L. Cooley. 1994. Profilin mutations disrupt multiple actin-dependent processes during Drosophila development. Development. 120: 717-728.
103. von Heijne, G. 1986. Net N-C charge imbalance may be important for signal sequence function in bacteria. J. Mol. Biol. 192:287-290.
104. Wahlberg, J.M., and M. Spiess. 1997. Multiple determinants direct the orientation of signal-anchor proteins: the topogenic role of the hydrophobic signal domain. J. Cell Biol. 137:555-562.
105. Watanabe, N., P. Madaule, T. Reid. T. Ishizaki, G. Watanabe, A. Kakizuka, Y. Saito, K. Nakao, B.M. Jockusch, and S. Narumiya. 1997. p140mDia, a mammalian homolog of Drosophila diaphanous, is a target protein for Rho small GTPase and is a ligand for profilin. EMBO (Eur. Mol. Biol. Organ.) J. 16: 3044-3056.
106. Whitney, J.A., M. Gomez, D. Sheff, T.E. Kreis, and I. Mellman. 1995. Cytoplasmic coat proteins involved in endosome function. Cell. 83:703-713.
107. Williams, K.L., and P.C. Newell. 1976. A genetic study in the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum using complementation analysis. Genetics. 82:287-307.
108. Yanisch-Perron, C., J. Vieira, and J. Messing. 1985. Improved M13 phage cloning vectors and host strains: nucleotide sequences of the M13mp18 and pUC19 vectors. Gene. 33:103-119.
109. Yu, F.X., H.Q. Sun, P.A. Janmey, and H.L. Yin. 1992. Identification of a polyphosphoinositide-binding sequence in an actin monomer-binding domain of gelsolin. J. Biol. Chem. 267:14616-14621.