The embeddedness of organizations: Dialogue & directions

Journal of Management

Volumn 25, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 317-356

  Dacin, M Tina ^a   Ventresca, Marc J ^b   Beal, Brent D ^a  

^a TEXAS A AND M UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0033475102     PISSN: 01492063     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/014920639902500304     Document Type: Article

References (259)

1. Abbott, A. D. 1988. The System of Professions: An Essay on the Division of Expert Labor. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
2. Abbott, A. D. 1997. Of time and space: The contemporary relevance of the Chicago school. Social Forces, 75 (4): 1149-1182.
3. Abolafia, M. 1996. Making Markets: Opportunism and Restraint on Wall Street. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
4. Abrahamson, E. 1997. The emergence and prevalence of employee management rhetorics: The effects of long waves, labor unions, and turnover, 1975-1992. Academy of Management Journal, 40 (3): 491-533.
5. Abrahamson, E., & Fombrun, C. 1994. Macrocultures: Determinants and consequences. Academy of Management Review, 19: 728-755.
6. Adair, W., Brett, J. M., Lempereur, A., Okumura, T., Shikhirev, P., Tinsley, C., & Lytle, A. 1998. Culture and negotiation scripts. DRRC Working Paper no. 186, Northwestern University.
7. Aldrich, H. E., & Pfeffer, J. 1976. Environments of organizations. Annual Review of Sociology, 2: 79-105.
8. Allmendinger, J., & Hackman, J. R. 1996. Organizations in changing environments: The case of East German symphony orchestras. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41: 337-369.
9. Amburgey, T. L., Dacin, M. T., & Singh, J. V. 1996. Learning races, patent races, and capital races. In J. A. C. Baum & J. E. Dutton (Eds.), Advances in Strategic Management, vol. 13: 303-322. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
10. Amburgey, T. L., Kelly, D., & Barnett, W. P. 1993. Resetting the clock: The dynamics of organizational change and failure. Administrative Science Quarterly, 38: 51-73.
11. Ancona, D., & Chong, C. L. 1992. Entrainment: Cycles and Synergy in Organizational Behavior. Working paper, MIT Sloan School of Management.
12. Andrews, S., & Knoke, D. (eds.). 1999. Research in the Sociology of Organizations : Networks in and Around Organizations. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
13. Arthur, W. B. 1989. Competing technologies, increasing returns and lock-in by historical events. The Economic Journal, 99: 116-131.
14. Ashforth, B. E., & Mael, F. A. 1996. Organizational identity and strategy as a context for the individual. In J. A. C. Baum & J. E. Dutton (Eds.), Advances in Strategic Management, vol. 13: 19-64. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
15. Auster, E. 1994. Macro and strategic perspectives on interorganizational linkages. In P. Shrivastrava, A. S. Huff & J. E. Dutton (Eds.), Advances in Strategic Management, vol. 10: 3-40. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
16. Bain, J. S. 1956. Barriers to New Competition: Their Character and Consequences in Manufacturing Industries. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
17. Bain, J. S. 1968. Industrial Organization (2nd Ed.). New York: Wiley & Sons.
18. Baker, W. E. 1984. The social structure of a national securities market. American Journal of Sociology, 89 (4): 775-811.
19. Baker, W. E. 1990. Market networks and corporate behavior. American Journal of Sociology, 96 (3): 589-625.
20. Baker, W. E., & Faulkner, R. R. 1993. The social organization of conspiracy: Illegal networks in the heavy electrical equipment industry. American Sociological Review, 58: 837-860.
21. Barber, B. 1995. All economies are "embedded": The career of a concept, and beyond. Social Research, 62: 387-413.
22. Barley, S. 1996. Technicians in the workplace: Ethnographic evidence for bringing work into organization studies. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41: 404-441.
23. Barley, S. R. 1988. On technology, time, and social order: Technically induced change in the temporal organization of radiological work. In F. A. Dubinskas (Ed.), Making Time: Ethnographies of High Technology Organizations: 123-169. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
24. Barnett, W. P., & Carroll, G. R. 1993. How institutional constraints affected the organization of early U. S. telephony. Journal of Law, Economics & Organization, 9: 98-126.
25. Barney, J. B. 1991. Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17: 99-120.
26. Baron, J. N., & Hannan, M. T. 1994. The impact of economics on contemporary sociology. Journal of Economic Literature, 32: 1111-1146.
27. Baron, J. N., & Pfeffer, J. 1994. The social psychology of organizations and inequality. Social Psychology Quarterly, 57 (3): 190-209.
28. Bartholomew, S., & Dacin, M. T. 1998. Alliance embeddedness: The impact of institutional context in motivating international R&D collaboration in biotechnology. Paper Presented at the Academy of International Business Annual Meeting, Vienna.
29. Baum, J. A. C. 1996. Organizational ecology. In S. R. Clegg, C. Hardy & W. Nord (Eds.), Handbook of Organization Studies: 77-114. London: Sage.
30. Baum, J. A. C., & Dutton, J. E. (eds.). 1996. Advances in Strategic Management: The Embeddedness of Strategy.. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
31. Baum, J. A. C., & Oliver, C. 1991. Institutional linkages and organizational mortality. Administrative Science Quarterly, 36: 187-218.
32. Baum, J. A. C., & Oliver, C. 1992. Institutional embeddedness and the dynamics of organizational populations. American Sociological Review, 57: 540-559.
33. Berger, P. L., & Luckmann, T. 1966. The Social Construction of Reality: A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
34. Biggart, N. W., & Orrù, M. 1997. Societal strategic advantage: Institutional structure and path dependence in the automotive and electronics industries of East Asia. In A. Bugra & B. Usdiken (Eds.), State, Market, and Organizational Forms: 201-239. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.
35. Biggart, N. W., & Guillèn, M. F. in Press. An institutional perspective on development: Social organization and the rise of the auto industries of South Korea, Taiwan, Spain, and Argentina. American Sociological Review.
36. Blossfeld, H. P., & Hamerle, A., & Mayer, K. Y. 1989. Event History Analysis. Hilldale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
37. Boeker, W. 1989. Strategic change: The effects of founding and history. Academy of Management Review, 32: 489-515.
38. Brett, J. M., & Okamura, T. 1998. Inter- and intra-cultural negotiations: U.S. and Japanese negotiators. Academy of Management Journal, 41 (5): 495-510.
39. Brint, S., & Karabel, J. 1991. Institutional origins and transformations: The case of American community colleges. In W. W. Powell & P. J. DiMaggio (Eds.), The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis: 337-360. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
40. Brown, R. H. 1978. Bureaucracy as praxis: Toward a political phenomenology of formal organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 23: 365-382.
41. Brown, S. L., & Eisenhardt, K. 1997. The art of continuous change: Linking complexity theory and time-paced evolution in relentlessly shifting organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42: 1-34.
42. Burawoy, M. 1979. Manufacturing Consent. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
43. Burawoy, M. 1998. The extended case method. Sociological Theory, 16 (1, March): 4-33.
44. Burt, R. S. 1982. Toward a Structural Theory of Action: Network Models of Social Structure, Perception and Action. New York: Academic Press.
45. Burt, R. S. 1992. Structural Holes: The Social Structure of Competition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
46. Burt, R. S. 1997. The contingent value of social capital. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42: 339-365.
47. Burton, M. D., Baron, J., & Hannan, M. T. 1998. With Good Intentions: Exploring the Sources of Entrepreneurial Employment Models in Silicon Valley. Working paper, Harvard Business School.
48. Campbell, J. L., & Lindberg, L. N. 1990. Property rights and the organization of economic activities by the state. American Sociological Review, 55: 634-647.
49. Carroll, G., & Wade, J. 1991. Density dependence in the organizational evolution of the American brewing industry across different levels of analysis. Social Science Research, 20: 271-302.
50. Clegg, S. R. 1990. Modern Organizations: Organization Studies in the Postmodern World. London: Sage.
51. Clemens, E. S. 1997. The People's Lobby: Organizational Innovation and the Rise of Interest Group Politics in the United States, 1890-1925. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
52. Cole, R. E. 1985. The macropolitics of organizational change: A comparative analysis of the spread of small-group activities. Administrative Science Quarterly, 30 (4): 560-585.
53. Coleman, J. S. 1990. Foundations of Social Theory. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
54. Collins, R. 1981. On the microfoundations of macrosociology. American Journal of Sociology, 86: 984-1014.
55. Dacin, M. T. 1997. Isomorphism in context: The power and prescription of institutional norms. Academy of Management Journal, 40: 46-81.
56. Dacin, M. T., Hitt, M. A., & Levitas, E. 1997. Selecting partners for successful international alliances: Examination of U.S. and Korean firms. Journal of World Business, 32: 3-16.
57. Davis, G. F. 1991. Agents without principles? The spread of the poison pill through the intercorporate network. Administrative Science Quarterly, 36: 586-613.
58. Davis, G. F., & Greve, H. R. 1997. Corporate elite networks and governance changes in the 1980s. American Journal of Sociology, 103: 1-37.
59. Davis, G. F., & Powell, W. W. 1993. Organization-environment relations. In H. C. Trandis, M. D. Dunnette & L. M. Hough (Eds. ), Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology 2nd Ed., vol. 3. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
60. Davis, G. F., & Thompson, T. A. 1994. A social-movement perspective on corporate control. Administrative Science Quarterly, 39 (1): 141-173.
61. DiMaggio, P. J. 1986. Structural analysis of organizational fields: Ablockmodel approach. In B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior, vol. 8: 355-370. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press Inc.
62. DiMaggio, P. J. 1991. Constructing an organizational field as a professional project: U.S. art museums, 1920-1940. In W. W. Powell & P. J. DiMaggio (Eds.), The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis: 267-292. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
63. DiMaggio, P. J. 1994. Culture and economy. In N. J. Smelser & R. Swedberg (Eds.), Handbook of Economic Sociology: 27-57. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
64. DiMaggio, P. J. 1997. Culture and cognition. Annual Review of Sociology, 23: 263-289.
65. DiMaggio, P. J., & Louch, H. 1998. Socially embedded consumer transactions: For what kinds of purchases do people most often use networks? American Sociological Review, 63 (5): 619-637.
66. DiMaggio, P. J., & Powell, W. W. 1983. The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American Sociological Review, 48: 147-160.
67. Dobbin, F. 1994. Forging Industrial Policy: The United States, Britain, and France in the Railway Age. New York: Cambridge University Press.
68. Dobbin, F. 1995. The origins of economic principles: Railway entrepreneurs and public policy in 19th-century America. In W. R. Scott & S. Christensen (Eds.), The Institutional Construction of Organizations: 277-301. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
69. Dobbin, F., & Dowd, T. J. 1997. How policy shapes competition: Early railroad foundings in Massachusetts. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42: 501-529.
70. Dore, R. 1983. Goodwill and the spirit of market capitalism. British Journal of Sociology, 34: 459-482.
71. Dowd, T. J., & Dobbin, F. 1997. The embedded actor and the invention of natural economic law: Policy change and railroader response in early America. American Behavioral Scientist, 40: 478-489.
72. Dutton, J. E., & Dukerich, J. M. 1991. Keeping an eye on the mirror: Image and identity in organizational adaptation. Academy of Management Journal, 34: 517-554.
73. Dyer, J. H., & Singh, H. 1998. The relational view: Cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage. Academy of Management Review, 23: 660-679.
74. Eccles, R. G., & Nohria, N. (with Berkley, J. D.) 1992. Beyond the Hype: Rediscovering the Essence of Management. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
75. Edelman L. B., & Suchman M. C. 1997. The legal environments of organizations. Annual Review of Sociology, 23: 479-515.
76. Eisenhardt, K., & Schoonhoven, C. B. 1996. Resource-based view of strategic alliance formation: Strategic and social effects in entrepreneurial firms. Organization Science, 7: 136-150.
77. Emirbeyer, M., & Goodwin, J. 1994. Network analysis, culture, and the problem of agency. American Journal of Sociology, 99: 1411-1454.
78. Evans, P. 1995. Embedded Autonomy: States and Industrial Transformation. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
79. Finkelstein, S., & Hambrick, D. C. 1996. Strategic Leadership: Top Executives and Their Effects on Organizations. Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN: West.
80. Fligstein, N. 1991. The structural transformation of American industry: An institutional account of the causes of diversification in the largest firms, 1919-1979. In W. W. Powell & P. J. DiMaggio (Eds.), The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis: 311-336. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
81. Fligstein, N. 1996. Markets as politics: A political-cultural approach to market institutions. American Sociological Review, 64 (4): 656-673.
82. Friedland, R., & Alford, R. P. 1991. Bringing society back in: Symbols, practices and institution contradictions. In W. W. Powell & P. J. DiMaggio (Eds.), The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis: 232-263. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
83. Fukuyama, F. 1995. Trust, Social Virtues and the Creation of Prosperity. New York: Free Press.
84. Galaskiewicz, J., & Zaheer, A. in Press. Networks of competitive advantage. In S. Andrews & D. Knoke (Eds.), Research in Sociology of Organizations. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
85. Garfinkel, H. 1967. Studies in Ethnomethodology. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
86. Garud, R., & Karnoe, P. 1999. Path Creation and Dependence. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
87. Gersick, C. J. G. 1988. Time and transition in work teams: Toward a new model of group development. Academy of Management Journal, 31: 9-41.
88. Gersick, C. J. G. 1994. Pacing strategic change: The case of a new venture. Academy of Management Journal, 37: 9-45.
89. Giddens, A. 1979. Central Problems in Social Theory: Action, Structure and Contradiction in Social Analysis. Berkeley: University of California Press.
90. Giddens, A. 1984. The Constitution of Society: Outline of the Theory of Structuration. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
91. Goffman, E. 1967. Interaction Ritual. Garden City, NY: Anchor.
92. Goodstein, J. D. 1994. Institutional pressures and strategic responsiveness: Employer involvement in work-family issues. Academy of Management Journal, 34: 350-382.
93. Gordon, G. G. 1991. Industry determinants of organizational culture. Academy of Management Review, 16 (2): 396-415.
94. Graham, L. 1995. On the Line at Subaru-Isuzu. New York: Cornell University Press.
95. Granovetter, M. 1973. The strength of weak ties. American Journal of Sociology, 6: 1360-1380.
96. Granovetter, M. 1985. Economic action and social structure: The problem of embeddedness. American Journal of Sociology, 91: 481-510.
97. Greenstein, S. 1993. Invisible Hands Versus Invisible Advisors: Coordination Mechanisms in Economic Networks. Working paper no. 93-0111, Bureau of Economic and Business Research, University of Illinois.
98. Greenwood, R., & Hinings, C. R. 1996. Understanding radical organizational change: Bringing together the old and new institutionalisms. Academy of Management Review, 21 (4): 1022-1054.
99. Greve, H. D., Strang, D., & Tuma, N. B. 1995. Specification and estimation of heterogeneous diffusion models. Sociological Methodology, 25: 377-420.
100. Guillèn, M. F. 1994. Models of Management: Work, Authority, and Organization in a Comparative Perspective. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
101. Guillèn, M. F. 1997. Scientific management's lost aesthetic: Architecture, organization, and the Taylorized beauty of the mechanical. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42 (4): 682-715.
102. Gulati, R. 1995a. Does familiarity breed trust? The implications of repeated ties for contractual choice in alliances. Academy of Management Journal, 38: 85-112.
103. Gulati, R. 1995b. Social structure and alliance formation patterns: A longitudinal analysis. Administrative Science Quarterly, 40: 619-652.
104. Gulati, R. 1998. Alliances and networks. Strategic Management Journal, 19: 293-317.
105. Hamilton, G. 1994. Civilizations and the organization of economies. In N. J. Smelser & R. Swedberg (Eds.), The Handbook of Economic Sociology: 183-205. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
106. Hamilton, G., & Biggart, N. W. 1988. Market, culture, and authority: A comparative analysis of management and organization in East Asia. American Journal of Sociology, 94: S52-S94.
107. Hargadon, A., & Sutton, R. 1997. Technology brokering and innovation in a product development firm. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42: 716-749.
108. Hassard, J. 1996. Images of time in work and organizations. In S. R. Clegg, C. Hardy & W. R. Nord (Eds.) Handbook of Organization Studies: 581-598. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
109. Haveman, H. A., & Rao H. 1997. Structuring a theory of moral sentiments: Institutional and organizational coevolution in the early thrift industry. American Journal of Sociology, 102: 1606-1651.
110. Heimer, C. 1996. Explaining variation in the impact of law: Organizations, institutions, and professions. Studies in Law, Politics, and Society, 15: 29-59.
111. Herrigel, G. 1996. Industrial Constructions: The Sources of German Industrial Power. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
112. Hirsch, P. M. 1972. Processing fads and fashions: An organization-set analysis of cultural industry systems. American Journal of Sociology, 77: 639-659.
113. Hirsch, P. M. 1975. Organizational effectiveness and the institutional environment. Administrative Science Quarterly, 20: 327-344.
114. Hirsch, P. M., Michaels, S., & Friedman, R. 1990. Clean models vs. dirty hands: Why economics is different from sociology. In S. Zukin & P. DiMaggio (Eds.), Structures of Capital: The Social Organization of the Economy: 39-56. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
115. Hitt, M. A., Dacin, M. T., Tyler, B., & Park, D. 1997. A transnational examination of strategic decision models: Comparison of Korean and U.S. executives. Strategic Management Journal, 18: 159-167.
116. Hoffman, A. & Ventresca, M. J. 1999. Identities, interests, and inertia: How institutions matter in the environment vs economics debates. American Behavioral Scientist, 42 (8): 1368-1392.
117. Holm, D. B., Eriksson, K., & Johanson, J. 1996. Business networks and cooperation in international business relationships. Journal of International Business Studies, Special Issue 1996: 1033-1053.
118. Hughes, T. P. 1983. Networks of Power: Electrification in Western Society, 1880-1930. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
119. Jackall, R. 1988. Moral Mazes: The World of Corporate Managers. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
120. Jacobson, C. K., Lenway, S. A., & Ring, P. S. 1993. The political embeddedness of private economic transactions. Journal of Management Studies, 30: 453-478.
121. Jepperson, R. L., & Meyer, J. W. 1991. The public order and the construction of formal organizations. In W. W. Powell & P. J. DiMaggio (Eds.), The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis: 204-231. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
122. Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. 1973. On the psychology of prediction. Psychological Review, 80: 237-251.
123. Karnoe, P., & Garud, R. in Press. Path creation and dependence in the Danish wind turbine field. In M. J. Ventresca & J. F. Porac (Eds.), Constructing Industries and Markets. London: Elsevier Science.
124. Karnoe, P., & Jorgensen, C. N. in Press. Bringing social action and situated rationality back in: Towards a processual understanding of the constitution of business systems. International Studies of Management and Organizations.
125. Knoke, D., & Kuklinski, J. H. 1982. Network Analysis. London: Sage.
126. Knote, D., & Laumann, E. O. 1991. The Organizational State. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
127. Kogut, B., Walker, G., & Anand, J. 1996. Agency and Institutions: Organizational Form and National Divergences in Diversification Behavior. Working paper. Wharton School of Business.
128. Kogut, B., & Zander, U. 1996. What firms do: Coordination, identity and learning. Organization Science, 1: 502-518.
129. Kraatz, M. S., & Moore, J. H. 1998. Executive migration and institutional change. Academy of Management Annual Meeting, San Diego, Best Paper Proceedings.
130. Kunda, G. 1992. Engineering Culture: Control and Commitment in a High Tech Corporation. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
131. Kurowski, L. L. 1998. Mapping Cultural Models of Authority. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Institute for Labor and Industrial Relations, University of Ilinois, Urbana-Champaign.
132. Lacey, R., Gruenfeld, D., & Ventresca, M. J. 1998. Work Group Sources of Organizational Innovation. Working paper no. 98-14, Kellogg Teams and Groups Center.
133. Lam, A. 1997. Embedded firms, embedded knowledge: Problems of collaboration and knowledge transfer in global cooperative ventures. Organization Studies, 18 (6): 973-996.
134. Lant, T. K., & Baum, J. A. C. 1995. Cognitive sources of socially constructed competitive groups: Examples from the Manhattan hotel industry. In W. R. Scott & S. Christensen (Eds.), The Institutional Construction of Organizations: 15-38. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
135. Lewin, A. Y., Long, C.P., & Carroll, T.N. 1999. The Co-evolution of New Organizational Forms. Working paper, Duke University.
136. Lie, J. 1997. Sociology of markets. Annual Review of Sociology, 23: 341-360.
137. Madhavan, R. 1998. Competency networks and network competencies. Paper Presented at the Strategic Management Society Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL.
138. March, J. G., & Simon, H. A. 1958. Organizations. New York: Wiley.
139. Marsden, P.V. 1981. Introducing influence processes into a system of collective decisions. American Journal of Sociology, 86: 1203-1235.
140. Martin, J., Knopoff, K., & Beckman, C. 1998. An alternative to bureacratic impersonality and emotional labor: Bounded emotionality at the body shop. Administrative Science Quarterly, 43 (2): 429-469.
141. Martinelli, A., & Smelser, N. J. 1990. Economy and Society. London: Sage.
142. Martinez, R. J., & Dacin, M. T. 1999. Efficiency motives and normative forces: Combining transactions costs and institutional logic. Journal of Management, 25: 75-96.
143. McAdam, D. 1988. Freedom Summer. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
144. McDonough, P. M., Ventresca, M. J., & Outcaut, C. in Press. Field of dreams: Understanding sociohistorical changes in college access, 1965-1995. In W. G. Tierney (Ed.), Higher Education Handbook of Theory and Research, vol. XIV. New York, NY: Agathon Press.
145. McGuire, P., & Granovetter, M. in Press. Shifting boundaries and social construction in the early electricity industry, 1878-1910. In M. J. Ventresca & J. F. Porac (Eds.), Constructing Industries and Markets. London: Elsevier Science.
146. Meyer, J. W., Boli, J., & Thomas, G. M. 1987. Ontology and rationalization in the western cultural account. In G. M. Thomas, J. W. Meyer, F. O. Ramirez & J. Boli (Eds.), Institutional Structure: Constituting State, Society, and the Individual: 12-37. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
147. Meyer, J. W., & Rowan, B. 1977. Institutionalized organizations: Formal structure as myth and ceremony. American Journal of Sociology, 83: 340-363.
148. Meyer, J. W., & Rowan, B. 1978. The structure of educational organizations. In M. W. Meyer et al. (Eds.), Environments and Organizations: 78-109. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
149. Meyer, M. W. 1994. Measuring performance in economic organizations. In N. J. Smelser & R. Swedberg (Eds.), The Handbook of Economic Sociology: 556-578. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
150. Miller, D. 1996. Commentary: The embeddedness of corporate strategy: Isomorphism vs. differentiation. In J. A. C. Baum & J. E. Dutton (Eds.), Advances in Strategic Management, vol. 13. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
151. Mintz, B., & Schwartz, M. 1990. Captial flows and the process of financial hegemony. In S. Zukin & P. DiMaggio (Eds.), Structures of Capital: The Social Organization of the Economy: 203-226. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
152. Mintzberg, H. 1979. The Structuring of Organizations. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
153. Mizruchi, M. S. 1989. The Structure of Corporate Political Action: Interfirm Relations and Their Consequences. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
154. Mizruchi, M. S. 1992. Similarity of political behavior among large American corporations. American Journal of Sociology, 95 (2): 401-424.
155. Mizruchi, M. S., & Galaskiewicz, J. 1993. Networks of interorganizational relations. Sociological Methods and Research, 22: 46-70.
156. Mizruchi, M. S., & Schwartz, M. 1987. Intercorporate Relations: The Structural Analysis of Business. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
157. Mohr, J. W. 1998. The classificatory logics of state welfare systems: Towards a formal analysis. In C. McNeely (Ed.), Public Rights, Public Rules: Constituting Citizens in the World Polity and National Policy: 207-238. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc.
158. Mohr, J. W., & Duquenne, V. 1997. The duality of culture and practice: Poverty relief in New York City, 1888-1917. Theory and Society, 26 (2-3): 305-356.
159. Mohr, J. W., & Franzosi, R. 1997. New directions in formalization and historical analysis. Theory and Society, 26 (2-3, April-June): 133-160.
160. Monge, P., & Contractor, N. S. in Press. Emergence of communication networks. In F. M. Jablin & L. L. Putnam (Eds.), Handbook of Organizational Communication (2nd Ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
161. Murtha, T. P., & Lenway, S. A. 1994. Country capabilities and the strategic state: How national political institutions affect multinational corporations' strategies. Strategic Management Journal, 15 (special issue): 113-129.
162. Murtha, T. P., Spencer, J. W., & Lenway, S. A. 1996. Moving targets: National industrial strategies and embedded innovation in the global flat panel display industry. In J. A. C. Baum & J. E. Dutton (Eds.), Advances in Strategic Management: The Embeddedness of Strategy, vol. 13: 247-282. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
163. Nee, V. 1998. Sources of the new institutionalism. In M. C. Brinton & V. Nee (Eds.), The New Institutionalism in Sociology: 1-16. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
164. Nee, V., & P. Ingram 1998. Embeddedness and beyond: Institutions, exchange, and social structure. In M. C. Brinton & V. Nee (Eds.), The New Institutionalism in Sociology: 19-45. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
165. Nisbett, R., & Ross, L. 1980. Human Inference: Strategies and Shortcomings of Social Judgement. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
166. Nohria, N., & Eccles, R.G. 1992. Networks and Organizations : Structure, Form, and Action. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
167. Nohria, N. & Gulati, R. 1994. Firms and their environments. In N. J. Smelser & R. Swedberg (Eds.), Handbook of Economic Sociology: 529-555. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
168. Oliver, C. 1990. Determinants of interorganizational relationships: Integration and future directions. Academy of Management Review, 15: 241-265.
169. Oliver, C. 1991. Strategic responses to institutional processes. Academy of Management Review, 16: 145-179.
170. Oliver, C. 1996. The institutional embeddedness of economic activity. In J. A. C. Baum & J. E. Dutton (Eds.), Advances in Strategic Management, vol. 13: 163-186. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
171. Oliver, C. 1997. Sustainable competitive advantage: Combining institutional and resource-based views. Strategic Management Journal, 18: 697-714.
172. Orrù, M., Biggart, N. W., & Hamilton, G. 1991. Organizational isomorphism in East Asia. In W. W. Powell & P. J. DiMaggio (Eds.), The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis: 361-389. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
173. Parsons, T. 1960. Structure and Process in Modern Societies. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.
174. Perlow, L.A. 1998. Boundary control: The social ordering of work and family time in a high-tech corporation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 43 (2): 328-357.
175. Perrow, C. 1986. Complex Organizations: A Critical Essay (3rd Ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
176. Peteraf, M., & Shanley, M. 1997. Getting to know you: A theory of strategic group identity. Strategic Management Journal, 18: 165-186.
177. Pettigrew, A. 1985. The Awakening Giant: Continuity and Change in ICI. Oxford: Blackwell.
178. Pfeffer, J. 1981. Power in Organizations. Marshfield, MA: Pitman.
179. Pfeffer, J. 1997. New Directions for Organization Theory: Problems and Prospects. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
180. Pfeffer, J., & Salancik, G. R. 1978. The External Control of Organizations. New York: Harper & Row.
181. Phillips, M. E. 1994. Industry mindsets- Exploring the cultures of two macro-organizational settings. Organization Science, 5 (3): 384-402.
182. Podolny, J. 1993. A status based model of market competition. American Journal of Sociology, 98: 829-872.
183. Podolny, J. 1994. Market uncertainty and the social character of economic exchange. Administrative Science Quarterly, 39: 458-483.
184. Podolny, J. M., & Baron, J. N. 1997. Resources and relationships: Social networks and mobility in the workplace. American Sociological Review, 62: 673-693.
185. Podolny, J. M., & Page, K. L. 1998. Network forms of organization. Annual Review of Sociology, 24: 57-76.
186. Polanyi, K. 1944. The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Time. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
187. Porac, J. F, & Rosa, J. A. 1996. Rivalry, industry models, and the cognitive embeddedness of the comparable firm. In J. A. C. Baum & J. E. Dutton (Eds.), Advances in Strategic Management: The Embeddedness of Strategy, vol. 13: 363-388. Greenwhich, CT: JAI Press.
188. Porac, J. F., Thomas, H., Wilson, F., Paton, D., & Kanfer, A. 1995. Rivalry and the industry model of Scottish knitwear producers. Administrative Science Quarterly, 40: 203-229.
189. Porter M. E. 1985. Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. New York: Free Press.
190. Portes, A. 1998. Social capital: Its origins and applications in modern sociology. Annual Review of Sociology, 24: 1-24.
191. Portes, A., & Sensenbrenner, J. 1993. Embeddedness and immigration: Notes on the social determinants of economic action. American Journal of Sociology, 98: 1320-1350.
192. Powell, W. W. 1990. Neither market nor hierarchy: Network forms of organization. In B. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior, vol. 12: 295-336. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
193. Powell, W. W. 1991. Expanding the scope of institutional analysis. In W. W. Powell & P. J. DiMaggio (Eds.), The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis: 183-203. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
194. Powell, W. W. 1996a. Inter-organizational collaboration in the biotechnology industry. Journal of Institutional Theoretical Economics, 152: 197-215.
195. Powell, W.W. 1996b. On the nature of institutional embeddedness: Labels vs. explanation. In J. A. C. Baum & J. E. Dutton (Eds.), Advances in Strategic Management, vol. 13: 293-300. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
196. Powell, W. W., & Smith-Doerr, L. 1994. Networks and economic life. In N. J. Smelser & R. Swedberg (Eds.), Handbook of Economic Sociology: 368-402. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
197. Putnam, R. D. 1993. Making Democracy Work: Civil Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
198. Ragin, C. C. 1987. The Comparative Method: Moving beyond Qualitative and Quantitative Strategies. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
199. Rao, H. 1998a. Caveat emptor: The construction of nonprofit consumer watchdog organizations. American Journal of Sociology, 103: 912-961.
200. Rao, H. 1998b. Tests tell: Institutional dynamics of performance measurement in the American automobile industry: 1895-1912. Paper Presented at American Sociological Association Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA.
201. Rao, H., Davis, G., & Ward, A. 1999. Director Interlocks: Why Firms Leave NASDAQ and Join NYSE. Atlanta, GA: Emory University.
202. Raub, W., Weesie, J. 1990. Reputation and efficiency in social interactions: An examination of network effects. American Journal of Sociology, 96: 626-654.
203. Reddy, N. M., & Rao, H. 1990. The industrial market as interfirm organization. Journal of Management Studies, 27: 43-59.
204. Reger, R. K., & Huff, A. S. 1993. Strategic groups: A cognitive perspective. Strategic Management Journal, 14: 103-124.
205. Romo, F. P., & Schwartz, M. 1995. The structural embeddedness of business decisions: The migration of manufacturing plants in the New York state, 1960-1985. American Sociological Review, 60: 875-907.
206. Sandefur, R. L., & Laumann, E. O. 1998. A paradigm for social capital. Rationality and Society, 10 (4): 481-501.
207. Schneiberg, M., & Clemens, E. S. in Press. The typical tools for the job: Research strategies in institutional analysis. In W. W. Powell & D. L. Jones (Eds.), Bending the Bars of the Iron Cage. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
208. Scott, W. R. 1983. The organization of environments: Network, cultural, and historical elements. In J. W. Meyer & W. R. Scott (Eds.), Organizational Environments: Ritual and Rationality: 155-175. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
209. Scott, W. R. 1994a. Conceptualizing organizational fields: Linking organizations and societal systems. In D. Hans-Ulrich, U. Gerhardt & F. W. Scharpf (Eds.), Systemrationalitat und Partial Interesse [System Rationality and Partial Interest]: 203-221. Baden-Baden, Germany: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft.
210. Scott, W. R. 1994b. Institutions and organizations: Towards a theoretical synthesis. In W. R. Scott & J. W. Meyer (Eds.), Institutional Environments and Organizations: Structural Complexity and Individualism: 55-80. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
211. Scott, W. R. 1995. Institutions and Organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
212. Scott, W. R., & Meyer, J. W. (eds.). 1994. Institutional Environments and Organizations: Structural Complexity and Individualism. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
213. Scott, W. R., Ruef, M., Mendel, P., & Caronna, C. A. 1999. Institutional Change and Organizations: TransforMation of A Healthcare Field. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
214. Selznick, P. 1949. TVA and the Grass Roots. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
215. Selznick, P. 1957. Leadership in Administration. New York: Harper & Row.
216. Smelser, N. J., & Swedberg, R. (eds.). 1994. The Handbook of Economic Sociology. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
217. Soule, S. A. 1997. The student divestment movement in the United States and tactical diffusion: The shantytown protest. Social Forces, 75: 855-882.
218. Stark, D. 1996. Recombinant property in east European capitalism. American Journal of Sociology, 101: 993-1027.
219. Stern, R. N., & Barley, S. R. 1996. Organizations and social systems: Organization theory's neglected mandate. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41: 146-162.
220. Stinchcombe, A. L. 1965. Social structure and organizations. In J. G. March (Ed.), Handbook of Organizations: 142-193. Chicago, IL: Rand McNally.
221. Stinchcombe, A. L. 1997. On the virtues of the old institutionalism. Annual Review of Sociology, 23: 1-18.
222. Strang, D. 1991. Adding social structure to diffusion models. Sociological Methods & Research, 19 (3): 324-353.
223. Strang, D., & Soule, S. A. 1998. Diffusion in organizations and social movements: From hybrid corn to poison pills. Annual Review of Sociology, 24: 265-290.
224. Swedberg, R. 1994. Markets as social structures. In N. J. Smelser & R. Swedberg (Eds.), Handbook of Economic Sociology: 255-282. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
225. Szyliowicz, D., & Nelson, T. 1998. How Globalization Has Created A New Stock Exchange Industry. Working Paper, Texas Tech University.
226. Thornton, P. H., & Ocasio, W. C. in Press. Institutional logics and the historical contingency of power in organizations: Executive succession in the higher education publishing industry, 1958 to 1990. American Journal of Sociology.
227. Tuma, N. B., & Hannan, M. T. 1984. Social Dynamics: Models and Methods. New York: Academic Press.
228. Tushman, M. L., & Murmann, J. P. 1998. Dominant designs, technology cycles, and organizational outcomes. In B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior, 20: 231-266.
229. Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. 1974. Judgement under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. Science, 185: 1124-1131.
230. Uzzi, B. 1996. The sources and consequences of embeddedness for the economic performance of organizations: The network effect. American Sociological Review, 61: 674-698.
231. Uzzi, B. 1997. Social structure and competition in interfirm networks: The paradox of embeddedness. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42: 35-67.
232. Uzzi, B. 1999. Access and Control Benefits of Embeddedness in Corporate Financing: The Case of Collateral and Bank Spreads. Working Paper, IPR, Northwestern University.
233. Uzzi, B. in Press. What is a Relationship Worth? The Benefits of Social Embeddedness in Corporate Financing. American Sociological Review.
234. Uzzi, B., & Gillespie, J. J. 1999a. Corporate social capital and the cost of financial capital: An embeddedness approach. In J. Lenders & S. Gabbay (Eds.), Corporate Social Capital. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Press.
235. Uzzi, B., & Gillespie, J. J. 1999b. Interfirm ties and the organization of the firm's capital structure in the middle financial market. In D. Knoke & S. Andrews (Eds.), Research in the Sociology of Organizations. Greenwich CT: JAI Press.
236. Van de Ven, A. H. 1993. The institutional theory of John R. Commons: A review and commentary. Academy of Management Review, 18: 139-152.
237. Van de Ven, A. H., & Garud, R. 1993. Innovation and industry development: The case of cochlear ear implants. Research on Technological Innovation, Management, and Policy, 5: 1-46.
238. Van Maanen, J. 1992. Displacing Disney: Some notes on the flow of culture. Qualitative Sociology, 15 (1): 5-35.
239. Ventresca, M. J., & Murnighan, J. K. in Press. Decisions, organizations and rationality: A review essay. Administrative Science Quarterly.
240. Ventresca, M. J., & Porac, J. F. 1999. Constructing Industries and Markets. London: Elsevier Science.
241. Ventresca, M. J., & Washington, M. 1998. Organizational fields: Bringing conflict back in. DRRC Working Paper Series, Northwestern University.
242. Walsh, J. 1995. Managerial and organizational cognition: A trip down memory lane. Organization Science, 6: 280-321.
243. Wasserman, S., & Faust, K. 1994. Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
244. Weber, M. 1947. The Theory of Social and Economic Organization. New York: Free Press.
245. Westney, D. E. 1987. Imitation and Innovation: The Transfer of Western Organizational Patterns to Meiji Japan. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
246. White, H. C. 1981. Where do markets come from? American Journal of Sociology, 87: 517-547.
247. Whitley, R. 1994. Dominant of economic organization in market economies. Organization Studies, 15: 153-182.
248. Whittington, R. 1992. Putting Giddens into action: Social systems and managerial agency. Journal of ManageMent Studies, 29 (6 November): 693-712.
249. Williams, R. 1976. Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society (Rev. Ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
250. Williamson, O. 1975. Markets and Hierarchies: Analysis and Anti-trust Implications. New York: Free Press.
251. Williamson, O. 1985. The Economic Institutions of Capitalism. New York: Free Press.
252. Wrong, D. 1961. The oversocialized conception of man in modern sociology. American Sociological Review, 26: 183-193.
253. Zbaracki, M. J. 1998. The rhetoric and reality of total quality management. Administrative Science Quarterly, 43 (3): 602-636.
254. Zajac, E., & Bazerman, M. 1991. Blind spots in industry competitor analysis: Implications of interfirm (mis)perceptions for strategic decisions. Academy of Management Review, 16: 37-56.
255. Zajac, E. J. 1996. Commentary: Strategy, individual behavior, and organizational behavior. In J. A. C. Baum & J. E. Dutton (Eds.), Advances in Strategic Management, vol. 13: 155-160. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
256. Zajac, E. J., & Westphal, J. D. 1995. Accounting for the explanations of CEO compensation: Substance and symbolism. Administrative Science Quarterly, 40: 283-308.
257. Zald, M. N. 1978. On the social control of industries. Social Forces, 57: 79-102.
258. Zucker, L. G. 1986. Production of trust: Institutional sources of economic structure, 1840-1920. In B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in Organization Behavior, vol. 8: 53-111. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
259. Zukin, S., & DiMaggio, P. 1990. Structures of Capital: The Social Organization of the Economy. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.