Higher ketogenic diet ratios confer protection from seizures without neurotoxicity

Epilepsy Research

Volumn 38, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 15-25

  Bough, Kristopher J ^a   Yao, Suellan G ^a   Eagles, Douglas A ^a  

^a GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

hydroxybutyrate; Calorie restriction, Neurotoxicity; Ketogenic diet; Metabolism; Pentylenetetrazole

Indexed keywords

3 HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID; FAT; KETONE BODY; PENTETRAZOLE;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANTICONVULSANT ACTIVITY; ARTICLE; CALORIC RESTRICTION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIET RESTRICTION; DIET THERAPY; DOSE RESPONSE; FAT INTAKE; KETOACIDOSIS; KETOGENESIS; LIPID DIET; MALE; METABOLIC RATE; NEUROTOXICITY; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT; SEIZURE; SEIZURE THRESHOLD; WEIGHT GAIN;

3-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID; ANIMALS; BASAL METABOLISM; BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL; CONVULSANTS; DIET; DIETARY FATS; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; KETOSIS; MALE; NEUROTOXICITY SYNDROMES; PENTYLENETETRAZOLE; RATS; RATS, SPRAGUE-DAWLEY; SEIZURES; WEIGHT GAIN;

EID: 0033400976     PISSN: 09201211     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0920-1211(99)00077-7     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Appleton D.B., De Vivo D.C. An animal model for the ketogenic diet. Epilepsia. 15:1974;211-227.
2. Ballaban-Gil, K., Callahan, C., O'Dell, C., Pappo, M., Moshé, Shinnar, S., 1998. Complications of the ketogenic diet. Epilepsia 39, 744-748.
3. Bough K.J., Eagles D.A. A ketogenic diet increases the resistance to pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in the rat. Epilepsia. 40:1999;138-143.
4. Bough K.J., Valiyil R., Han F.T., Eagles D.A. Seizure resistance is dependent upon age and calorie restriction in rats fed a ketogenic diet. Epilepsy Res. 35:1999;21-28.
5. Cahill G.F. Starvation in man. New Eng. J. Med. 282:1970;668-675.
6. Chesney D., Brouhard B.H., Wyllie E., Powaski K. Biochemical abnormalities of the ketogenic diet in children. Clin. Pediatr. 38:1999;107-109.
7. Davis J.D., Wirtshafter D., Asin K.E., Brief D. Sustained intracerebroventricular infusion of brain fuels reduces body weight and food intake in rats. Science. 212:1981;81-83.
8. De Vivo D.C., Pagliara A.S., Prensky A.L. Ketotic hypoglycemia and the ketogenic diet. Neurology. 23:1973;640-649.
9. De Vivo D.C., Malas K.L., Leckie M.P. Starvation and seizures. Arch. Neurol. 32:1975;755-760.
10. Dunham M.S., Miya T.A. A note on a simple apparatus for detecting neurological deficit in rats and mice. J. Am. Pharm. Assoc. Sci. Ed. 46:1957;208-209.
11. Erecińska M., Nelson D., Daikhin Y., Yudkoff M. Regulation of GABA level in rat brain synaptosomes: fluxes through enzymes of the GABA shunt and effects of glutamate, calcium, and ketone bodies. J. Neurochem. 67:1996;2325-2334.
12. Foote F., Gale K. Proconvulsant effect of morphine on seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole in the rat. Eur. J. Pharm. 105:1984;179-184.
13. Freeman, J.M., Kelly, M.T., Freeman, J.B., 1994. The Epilepsy Diet Treatment: An Introduction to the Ketogenic Diet. Demos, New York.
14. Freeman J.M., Vining E.P.G., Pillas D.J., Pyzik P.L., Casey J.C., Kelly M.T. The efficacy of the ketogenic diet - 1998: A prospective evaluation of intervention in 150 children. Pediatrics. 102:1998;1358-1363.
15. Helmholz H.F., Keith H.M. Eight years' experience with the ketogenic diet in the treatment of epilepsy. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 95:1930;707-709.
16. Herzberg G.Z., Fivush B.A., Kinsman S.L., Gearhart J.P. Urolithiasis associated with the ketogenic diet. J. Pediatr. 117:1990;743-745.
17. Hori A., Tandon P, Holmes G.L., Stafstrom C.E. Ketogenic diet: effects on expression of kindled seizures and behavior in adult rats. Epilepsia. 38:1997;750-758.
18. Huttenlocher P.R., Wilbourn A.J., Signore J.M. Medium-chain triglycerides as a therapy for intractable childhood epilepsy. Neurology. 21:1971;1097-1103.
19. Kinsman S.L., Vining E.P.G., Quaskey S.A., Mellits E.D., Freeman J.M. Efficacy of the ketogenic diet for intractible seizure disorders: review of 58 cases. Epilepsia. 33:1992;1132-1136.
20. Landsberg L., Young J.B. Fasting, feeding and regulation of the sympathetic nervous system. New Eng. J. Med. 298:1978;1295-1300.
21. Livingston, S., 1972. Comprehensive Management of Epilepsy in Infancy, Childhood and Adolescence. Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, IL.
22. Löscher W., Fiedler M. The role of technical, biological and pharmacological factors in the laboratory evaluation of anticonvulsant drugs. VI. Seasonal influences on maximal electroshock and pentylenetetratzol seizure thresholds. Epilepsy Res. 25:1996;3-10.
23. Millichap J.G., Jones J.D., Rudis B.P. Mechanism of anticonvulsant action of ketogenic diet. Am. J. Dis. Child. 107:1964;593-604.
24. Nakazawa M., Kodama S., Matsuo T. Effects of ketogenic diet on electroconvulsive threshold and brain contents of adenosine nucleotides. Brain Dev. 5:1983;375-380.
25. Nordli D.R., De Vivo D.C. The ketogenic diet revisited: back to the future. Epilepsia. 38:1997;743-749.
26. Otani K., Yamatodani A., Wada H., Mimaki T., Yabuuchi H. Effect of ketogenic diet on convulsive threshold and brain monoamine levels in young mice. No Tu Hattatsu. 16:1984;196-204.
27. Owen O.E., Morgan A.P., Kemp H.G., Sullivan J.M., Herrera M.G., Cahill G.F. Brain metabolism and fasting. J. Clin. Invest. 46:1967;1589-1595.
28. Peterman M.G. The ketogenic diet in epilepsy. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 84:1925;1979-1983.
29. Pollack G.M., Shen D.D. A timed intravenous pentylenetetrazole infusion seizure model for quantitating the anticonvulsant effect of valproic acid in the rat. J. Pharmacol. Methods. 13:1985;135-146.
30. Prasad A.N., Stafstrom C.E., Holmes G.L. Alternative epilepsy therapies: The ketogenic diet, immunoglobulins, and steroids. Epilepsia. 37 (Suppl.):1996;S81-S95.
31. Rogers, A.E., 1979. Nutrition. In: Baker, H.J., Lindsey, J.R., Weisbroth, S.H. (Eds.), The Laboratory Rat, vol. I. Academic Press, Orlando (Chapter 6).
32. Sakaguchi T., Arase K., Bray G.A. Effect of intrahypothalamic hydroxybutyrate on sympathetic firing. Metabolism. 37:1988;732-735.
33. Schwartz R.M., Boyes S., Aynsley-Green A. Metabolic effects of three ketogenic diets in the treatment of severe epilepsy. Dev. Med. Child Neurol. 31:1989;152-160.
34. Swink T.D., Vining E.P.G., Freeman J.M. The ketogenic diet: 1997. Adv. Pediatr. 44:1997;297-329.
35. Swinyard E.A., Brown W.C., Goodman L.S. Comparative assays of antiepileptic drugs in mice and rats. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 106:1952;319-330.
36. Tallian K.B., Nahata M.C., Tsao C. Role of the ketogenic diet in children with intractable seizures. Ann. Pharmacother. 32:1998;349-361.
37. Uhlemann E.R., Neims A.H. Anticonvulsant properties of the ketogenic diet in mice. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 180:1972;231-238.
38. Wheless J.W. The ketogenic diet: fa(c)t or fiction. J. Child Neurol. 10:1995;419-423.
39. Wilder R.M. The effects of ketonemia on the course of epilepsy. Mayo Clin. Bull. 2:1921;307-308.
40. Withrow C.D. The ketogenic diet, mechanisms of anticonvulsant action. Adv. Neurol. 27:1980;635-642.
41. Woolley D.E., Timiras P.S. Estrous and circadian periodicity and electroshock convulsion in rats. Am. J. Physiol. 202:1962;379-382.
42. Yudkoff M., Daikhin Y., Nissim I., Grunstein R., Nissim I. Effects of ketone bodies on astrocyte amino acid metabolism. J. Neurochem. 69:1997;682-692.