메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 18, Issue 3-4, 1999, Pages 155-186

Energy-sensitive cryogenic detectors for high-mass biomolecule mass spectrometry

Author keywords

Calorimetric detectors; Cryogenic detectors; Highmass detectors; Time of flight mass spectrometry

Indexed keywords

CALORIMETRY; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; INSTRUMENTATION; MASS SPECTROMETRY; METHODOLOGY; REVIEW; THERMODYNAMICS;

EID: 0033126156     PISSN: 02777037     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2787(1999)18:3/4<155::aid-mas1>3.0.co;2-w     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (88)

References (105)
  • 5
    • 34249764497 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of biopolymers by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry
    • Bahr U, Karas M, Hillenkamp F. 1994. Analysis of biopolymers by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry. Fresenius J Anal Chem 348:783-791.
    • (1994) Fresenius J Anal Chem , vol.348 , pp. 783-791
    • Bahr, U.1    Karas, M.2    Hillenkamp, F.3
  • 6
    • 0030712449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delayed extraction time-of-flight MALDI mass spectrometry of proteins above 25 000 Da
    • Bahr U, Stahl-Zeng J, Gleitsmann E, Karas M. 1997. Delayed extraction time-of-flight MALDI mass spectrometry of proteins above 25 000 Da. J Mass Spectrom 32:1111-1116.
    • (1997) J Mass Spectrom , vol.32 , pp. 1111-1116
    • Bahr, U.1    Stahl-Zeng, J.2    Gleitsmann, E.3    Karas, M.4
  • 8
    • 0019623408 scopus 로고
    • Molecular beam diagnostics by means of fast superconducting bolometer and pulsed infrared laser
    • Bassi D, Boschetti A, Scotoni M, Zen M. 1981. Molecular beam diagnostics by means of fast superconducting bolometer and pulsed infrared laser. Applied Physics B 26:99-103.
    • (1981) Applied Physics B , vol.26 , pp. 99-103
    • Bassi, D.1    Boschetti, A.2    Scotoni, M.3    Zen, M.4
  • 9
    • 1442294911 scopus 로고
    • H-Ar potential from high-resolution differential cross-section measurements at thermal energy
    • Bassi D, Dondi MG, Tommasini F, Torello F, Valbusa U. 1976. H-Ar potential from high-resolution differential cross-section measurements at thermal energy. Physical Rev A 13: 584-594.
    • (1976) Physical Rev A , vol.13 , pp. 584-594
    • Bassi, D.1    Dondi, M.G.2    Tommasini, F.3    Torello, F.4    Valbusa, U.5
  • 11
    • 7444241581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting MALDI ions with a cryogenic detector
    • Tampere, Finland. Karjalainen EJ et al., editor. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. 1998. (on CD ROM)
    • Benner WH, Zhong F, Frank M, Labov SE. 1997b. Detecting MALDI ions with a cryogenic detector. 14th International Mass Spectrometry Conference. Tampere, Finland. Karjalainen EJ et al., editor. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. 1998. (on CD ROM).
    • (1997) 14th International Mass Spectrometry Conference
    • Benner, W.H.1    Zhong, F.2    Frank, M.3    Labov, S.E.4
  • 12
    • 34250084262 scopus 로고
    • Tunnel junction used as thermometer for ions detection
    • Benoît A, Martin M, Pannetier B. 1993. Tunnel junction used as thermometer for ions detection. J Low Temp Physics 93:727-731.
    • (1993) J Low Temp Physics , vol.93 , pp. 727-731
    • Benoît, A.1    Martin, M.2    Pannetier, B.3
  • 13
    • 0032503987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infrared MALDI mass spectrometry of large nucleic acid
    • Berkenkamp S, Kirpekar F, Hillenkamp F. 1998. Infrared MALDI mass spectrometry of large nucleic acid. Science 281:260-262.
    • (1998) Science , vol.281 , pp. 260-262
    • Berkenkamp, S.1    Kirpekar, F.2    Hillenkamp, F.3
  • 14
    • 0030982592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance of infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization mass spectrometry with lasers emitting in the 3 μm wavelength range
    • Berkenkamp S, Menzel C, Karas M, Hillenkamp F. 1997. Performance of infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization mass spectrometry with lasers emitting in the 3 μm wavelength range. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 11:1399-1406.
    • (1997) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom , vol.11 , pp. 1399-1406
    • Berkenkamp, S.1    Menzel, C.2    Karas, M.3    Hillenkamp, F.4
  • 15
    • 0001254611 scopus 로고
    • Threshold studies of secondary electron emission induced by macro-ion impact on solid surfaces
    • Beuhler RJ, Friedman L. 1980. Threshold studies of secondary electron emission induced by macro-ion impact on solid surfaces. Nuclear Instruments and Methods 170:309-315.
    • (1980) Nuclear Instruments and Methods , vol.170 , pp. 309-315
    • Beuhler, R.J.1    Friedman, L.2
  • 16
    • 0039578459 scopus 로고
    • Pulse amplitude analysis: A new dimension in single ion time-of-flight mass spectrometry
    • Bondarenko PV, Grant PG, Macfarlane RD. 1994. Pulse amplitude analysis: a new dimension in single ion time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Int J Mass Spectrom Ion Processes 131:181-192.
    • (1994) Int J Mass Spectrom Ion Processes , vol.131 , pp. 181-192
    • Bondarenko, P.V.1    Grant, P.G.2    Macfarlane, R.D.3
  • 17
    • 36549092669 scopus 로고
    • Quasiparticle trapping and the quasiparticle multiplier
    • Booth NE. 1987. Quasiparticle trapping and the quasiparticle multiplier. Applied Physics Letters 50:293-295.
    • (1987) Applied Physics Letters , vol.50 , pp. 293-295
    • Booth, N.E.1
  • 18
    • 0030990166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calorimetric detectors for high mass ions
    • Booth NE. 1997. Calorimetric detectors for high mass ions. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 11:944-947.
    • (1997) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom , vol.11 , pp. 944-947
    • Booth, N.E.1
  • 21
    • 84990643459 scopus 로고
    • Selected-ion accumulation from and external electrospray ionization source with a Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer
    • Bruce JE, Anderson GA, Hofstadter SA, Vanorden SL. 1993. Selected-ion accumulation from and external electrospray ionization source with a Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 7:914-919.
    • (1993) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom , vol.7 , pp. 914-919
    • Bruce, J.E.1    Anderson, G.A.2    Hofstadter, S.A.3    Vanorden, S.L.4
  • 26
    • 1842469883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of single infrared, optical and ultraviolet photons using superconducting transition edge sensors
    • Cabrera B, Clarke RM, Colling P, Miller AJ, Nam S, Romani RW. 1998. Detection of single infrared, optical and ultraviolet photons using superconducting transition edge sensors. Applied Physics Letters 73:735-737.
    • (1998) Applied Physics Letters , vol.73 , pp. 735-737
    • Cabrera, B.1    Clarke, R.M.2    Colling, P.3    Miller, A.J.4    Nam, S.5    Romani, R.W.6
  • 30
    • 84990298051 scopus 로고
    • A Superconducting bolometer as a high sensitivity detector for molecular beams
    • Cavallini M, Gallinaro G, Scoles G. 1969. A Superconducting bolometer as a high sensitivity detector for molecular beams. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 24A: 1850-1851.
    • (1969) Zeitschrift für Naturforschung , vol.24 A , pp. 1850-1851
    • Cavallini, M.1    Gallinaro, G.2    Scoles, G.3
  • 31
    • 0015206351 scopus 로고
    • A molecular beam scattering apparatus with a low temperature bolometer detector
    • Cavallini M, Meneghetti L, Scoles G, Yealland M. 1971. A molecular beam scattering apparatus with a low temperature bolometer detector. Rev Scientific Instruments 42: 1759-1763.
    • (1971) Rev Scientific Instruments , vol.42 , pp. 1759-1763
    • Cavallini, M.1    Meneghetti, L.2    Scoles, G.3    Yealland, M.4
  • 32
    • 0006864905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry
    • Cole RB, editor. New York: John Wiley & Sons
    • Chernushevich IV, Ens W, Standing KG. 1997. Electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. In: Cole RB, editor. Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. New York: John Wiley & Sons. p 203-234.
    • (1997) Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry , pp. 203-234
    • Chernushevich, I.V.1    Ens, W.2    Standing, K.G.3
  • 37
    • 0000995710 scopus 로고
    • Temperature and magnetic field dependence of the Josephson tunneling current
    • Fiske MD. 1964. Temperature and magnetic field dependence of the Josephson tunneling current. Rev Modern Physics : 36:221-222.
    • (1964) Rev Modern Physics , vol.36 , pp. 221-222
    • Fiske, M.D.1
  • 38
    • 4644264442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Industrial X-ray fluorescence analysis-new applications and challenges for cryogenic detectors
    • Munich. Cooper S, editor. Max Planck Institute for Physics
    • Frank M. 1997. Industrial X-ray fluorescence analysis-new applications and challenges for cryogenic detectors. 7th Intl. Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors (LTD-7). Munich. Cooper S, editor. Max Planck Institute for Physics, p 78-81.
    • (1997) 7th Intl. Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors (LTD-7) , pp. 78-81
    • Frank, M.1
  • 42
    • 0030478314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-efficiency detection of 66000 Da protein molecules using a cryogenic detector in a matrix-assisted-laser-desorption-ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight mass spectrometer
    • Frank M, Mears CA, Labov SE, Benner WH, Horn D, Barfknecht AT. 1996b. High-efficiency detection of 66000 Da protein molecules using a cryogenic detector in a matrix-assisted-laser-desorption-ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 10:1946-1950.
    • (1996) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom , vol.10 , pp. 1946-1950
    • Frank, M.1    Mears, C.A.2    Labov, S.E.3    Benner, W.H.4    Horn, D.5    Barfknecht, A.T.6
  • 44
    • 0032251438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Superconducting tunnel junction array development for high-resolution energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
    • 1998 Microscopy and Microanalysis Conference, Atlanta
    • Friedrich S, Mears CA, Nideröst B, Hiller LJ, Frank M, Labov SE, Barfknecht AT, Cramer SP. 1998. Superconducting tunnel junction array development for high-resolution energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. 1998 Microscopy and Microanalysis Conference, Atlanta. Microscopy and Microanalysis 4 (1999):616-621.
    • (1998) Microscopy and Microanalysis , vol.4 , Issue.1999 , pp. 616-621
    • Friedrich, S.1    Mears, C.A.2    Nideröst, B.3    Hiller, L.J.4    Frank, M.5    Labov, S.E.6    Barfknecht, A.T.7    Cramer, S.P.8
  • 46
    • 0001392514 scopus 로고
    • A fast, self-recovering superconducting strip particle detector made with granular tungsten
    • Gabutti A, Gray KE, Pugh GM, Tiberio R. 1992. A fast, self-recovering superconducting strip particle detector made with granular tungsten. Nuclear Instruments and Methods A 312:475-482.
    • (1992) Nuclear Instruments and Methods A , vol.312 , pp. 475-482
    • Gabutti, A.1    Gray, K.E.2    Pugh, G.M.3    Tiberio, R.4
  • 49
    • 7444269927 scopus 로고
    • Construction and calibration of a fast superconducting bolometer
    • May 1975
    • Gallinaro G, Varone R. 1975. Construction and calibration of a fast superconducting bolometer. Cryogenics (May 1975: 292-293.
    • (1975) Cryogenics , pp. 292-293
    • Gallinaro, G.1    Varone, R.2
  • 50
    • 0037689628 scopus 로고
    • Secondary electron emission induced by impact of low-velocity molecular ions on a microchannel plate
    • Geno PW, Macfarlane RD. 1989. Secondary electron emission induced by impact of low-velocity molecular ions on a microchannel plate. Int J Mass Spectrom Ion Processes 92:195-210.
    • (1989) Int J Mass Spectrom Ion Processes , vol.92 , pp. 195-210
    • Geno, P.W.1    Macfarlane, R.D.2
  • 52
    • 0028438998 scopus 로고
    • Tunnel junction arrays on InSb: A high resolution cryogenic detector for X- and gamma-rays
    • Goldie DJ, Swift AM, Booth NE, Salmon GL. 1994. Tunnel junction arrays on InSb: A high resolution cryogenic detector for X- and gamma-rays. Nuclear Instruments and Methods A 344:592-596.
    • (1994) Nuclear Instruments and Methods A , vol.344 , pp. 592-596
    • Goldie, D.J.1    Swift, A.M.2    Booth, N.E.3    Salmon, G.L.4
  • 55
    • 36448999994 scopus 로고
    • An application of electrothermal feedback for high resolution cryogenic particle detection
    • Irwin KD. 1995. An application of electrothermal feedback for high resolution cryogenic particle detection. Applied Physics Letters 66:1998-2000.
    • (1995) Applied Physics Letters , vol.66 , pp. 1998-2000
    • Irwin, K.D.1
  • 57
    • 0031106737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the initial velocity of ions generated by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization and its effect on the calibration of delayed extraction time-of-flight mass spectra
    • Juhasz P, Vestal ML, Martin SA. 1997. On the initial velocity of ions generated by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization and its effect on the calibration of delayed extraction time-of-flight mass spectra. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 8:209-217.
    • (1997) J Am Soc Mass Spectrom , vol.8 , pp. 209-217
    • Juhasz, P.1    Vestal, M.L.2    Martin, S.A.3
  • 58
    • 0024289037 scopus 로고
    • Laser desorption ionization of proteins and molecular masses exceeding 10000 Daltons
    • Karas M, Hillenkamp F. 1988. Laser desorption ionization of proteins and molecular masses exceeding 10000 Daltons. Anal Chem 188:2299-2301.
    • (1988) Anal Chem , vol.188 , pp. 2299-2301
    • Karas, M.1    Hillenkamp, F.2
  • 59
    • 84990739163 scopus 로고
    • Secondary-ion generation from large keV molecular primary ions incident on a stainless-steel dynode
    • Kaufmann R, Kirsch D, Rood H-A, Spengler B. 1992. Secondary-ion generation from large keV molecular primary ions incident on a stainless-steel dynode. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 6:98-104.
    • (1992) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom , vol.6 , pp. 98-104
    • Kaufmann, R.1    Kirsch, D.2    Rood, H.-A.3    Spengler, B.4
  • 62
    • 0000573126 scopus 로고
    • Quasiparticle trapping in a superconductive detector system exhibiting high energy and position resolution
    • Kraus H, Feilitzsch Fv, Jochum J, Mössbauer RL, Peterreins T, Pröbst F. 1989. Quasiparticle trapping in a superconductive detector system exhibiting high energy and position resolution. Physics Letters B 231:195-202.
    • (1989) Physics Letters B , vol.231 , pp. 195-202
    • Kraus, H.1    Feilitzsch, Fv.2    Jochum, J.3    Mössbauer, R.L.4    Peterreins, T.5    Pröbst, F.6
  • 64
    • 0019567327 scopus 로고
    • Possibility of high resolution detectors using superconducting tunnel junctions
    • Kurakado M. 1982. Possibility of high resolution detectors using superconducting tunnel junctions. Nuclear Instruments and Methods 196:275-277.
    • (1982) Nuclear Instruments and Methods , vol.196 , pp. 275-277
    • Kurakado, M.1
  • 66
    • 0004871267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Further developments of series-connected superconducting tunnel junctions to radiation detection
    • Kurakado M, Ohsawa D, Katano R, Ito S, Isozumi Y. 1997. Further developments of series-connected superconducting tunnel junctions to radiation detection. Rev Scientific Instruments 68:3685-3697.
    • (1997) Rev Scientific Instruments , vol.68 , pp. 3685-3697
    • Kurakado, M.1    Ohsawa, D.2    Katano, R.3    Ito, S.4    Isozumi, Y.5
  • 68
    • 0141797118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microcalorimeters may provide a solution to the big problem of small contaminants
    • Ladbury R. 1998. Microcalorimeters may provide a solution to the big problem of small contaminants. Physics Today July 1998:19-21.
    • (1998) Physics Today July , vol.1998 , pp. 19-21
    • Ladbury, R.1
  • 70
    • 7444271080 scopus 로고
    • Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors. Beatenberg, Switzerland. Ott HR, Zehnder A, editors
    • LTD-6 1995. Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors. Beatenberg, Switzerland. Ott HR, Zehnder A, editors. Nuclear Instruments and Methods A 370. 1-300.
    • (1995) Nuclear Instruments and Methods A , vol.370 , pp. 1-300
  • 72
    • 7444252942 scopus 로고
    • Interaction of atomic and molecular hydrogen beams with surfaces at very low temperature
    • Marenco G, Schutte A, Scoles G, Tommasini F. 1972. Interaction of atomic and molecular hydrogen beams with surfaces at very low temperature. J Vacuum Science and Technol 9:824-827.
    • (1972) J Vacuum Science and Technol , vol.9 , pp. 824-827
    • Marenco, G.1    Schutte, A.2    Scoles, G.3    Tommasini, F.4
  • 74
    • 0001178883 scopus 로고
    • Energy-resolving superconducting X-ray detectors with charge amplification and multiple quasiparticle tunneling
    • Mears CA, Labov SE, Barfknecht AT. 1993. Energy-resolving superconducting X-ray detectors with charge amplification and multiple quasiparticle tunneling. Applied Physics Letters 63:2961-2963.
    • (1993) Applied Physics Letters , vol.63 , pp. 2961-2963
    • Mears, C.A.1    Labov, S.E.2    Barfknecht, A.T.3
  • 78
    • 0001669920 scopus 로고
    • Hot-electron microcalorimeters for X-ray and phonon detection
    • Proceedings of LTD-5
    • Nahum M, Martinis JM, Castles S. 1993. Hot-electron microcalorimeters for X-ray and phonon detection. J Low Temperature Physics 93 (Proceedings of LTD-5):733-738.
    • (1993) J Low Temperature Physics , vol.93 , pp. 733-738
    • Nahum, M.1    Martinis, J.M.2    Castles, S.3
  • 80
    • 0028484542 scopus 로고
    • Mass determination of human immunoglobulin IgM using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry
    • Nelson RW, Dogruel D, Williams P. 1995. Mass determination of human immunoglobulin IgM using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 8:621-631.
    • (1995) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom , vol.8 , pp. 621-631
    • Nelson, R.W.1    Dogruel, D.2    Williams, P.3
  • 83
    • 0002574080 scopus 로고
    • Bolometers for infrared and millimeter waves
    • Richards PL. 1994. Bolometers for infrared and millimeter waves. J Appl Phys 76:1-24.
    • (1994) J Appl Phys , vol.76 , pp. 1-24
    • Richards, P.L.1
  • 84
    • 7444240419 scopus 로고
    • Apparatus for the study of the IR multiple-photon resonances of polyatomic molecules via the optothermal technique. 1. Description of the Apparatus
    • Sanna G, Nardi M, Tomassetti G. 1990. Apparatus for the study of the IR multiple-photon resonances of polyatomic molecules via the optothermal technique. 1. Description of the Apparatus. Rev Scientific Instruments 61:1371-1378.
    • (1990) Rev Scientific Instruments , vol.61 , pp. 1371-1378
    • Sanna, G.1    Nardi, M.2    Tomassetti, G.3
  • 85
    • 0029764072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • All-in-one detectors for the faintest objects
    • Schilling G. 1996. All-in-one detectors for the faintest objects. Science 274:36-38.
    • (1996) Science , vol.274 , pp. 36-38
    • Schilling, G.1
  • 86
    • 0030241045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of high molecular wight narrow polydisperse polymers up to 1.5 million Daltons by MALDI mass spectrometry
    • Schriemer DC, Li L. 1996. Detection of high molecular wight narrow polydisperse polymers up to 1.5 million Daltons by MALDI mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 68: 2721-2725.
    • (1996) Anal Chem , vol.68 , pp. 2721-2725
    • Schriemer, D.C.1    Li, L.2
  • 89
    • 0030548689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-resolution, broad-band microcalorimeters for X-ray microanalysis
    • Silver E, Legros M, Madden N, Beeman J, Haller E. 1996. High-resolution, broad-band microcalorimeters for X-ray microanalysis. X-ray Spectrom 25:115-122.
    • (1996) X-ray Spectrom , vol.25 , pp. 115-122
    • Silver, E.1    Legros, M.2    Madden, N.3    Beeman, J.4    Haller, E.5
  • 93
    • 0000881014 scopus 로고
    • Nonequilibrium model of the super-conducting tunneling junction X-ray detector
    • Twerenbold D. 1986. Nonequilibrium model of the super-conducting tunneling junction X-ray detector. Physical Rev B 34:7748-7759.
    • (1986) Physical Rev B , vol.34 , pp. 7748-7759
    • Twerenbold, D.1
  • 94
    • 0000787826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biopolymer mass spectrometer with cryogenic particle detectors
    • Twerenbold D. 1996a. Biopolymer mass spectrometer with cryogenic particle detectors. Nuclear Instruments and Methods A 370:253-255.
    • (1996) Nuclear Instruments and Methods A , vol.370 , pp. 253-255
    • Twerenbold, D.1
  • 96
    • 7444243374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1997. Mass spectrometer for macromolecules with cryogenic particle detectors. US patent no. 5640010
    • Twerenbold D. 1997. Mass spectrometer for macromolecules with cryogenic particle detectors. US patent no. 5640010.
    • Twerenbold, D.1
  • 100
    • 0028064214 scopus 로고
    • Reflecting time-of-flight mass spectrometer with an electrospray ion source and orthogonal extraction
    • Verentchikov AN, Ens W, Standing KG. 1994. Reflecting time-of-flight mass spectrometer with an electrospray ion source and orthogonal extraction. Anal Chem 66:126-33.
    • (1994) Anal Chem , vol.66 , pp. 126-133
    • Verentchikov, A.N.1    Ens, W.2    Standing, K.G.3
  • 101
    • 0008913113 scopus 로고
    • Superconducting NbN film picosecond-range detector sensitive to radiation in the spectral interval ranging from millimeter wavelengths to visible light
    • Voronov BM, Gershenzon EM, Gol'tzman GN, Gogidze IG. 1992. Superconducting NbN film picosecond-range detector sensitive to radiation in the spectral interval ranging from millimeter wavelengths to visible light. Superconductivity: Physics, Chemistry, Technology 5: 960-965.
    • (1992) Superconductivity: Physics, Chemistry, Technology , vol.5 , pp. 960-965
    • Voronov, B.M.1    Gershenzon, E.M.2    Gol'tzman, G.N.3    Gogidze, I.G.4
  • 102
    • 0001695717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary ion and electron yield measurements for surfaces bombarded with large molecular ions
    • Westmacott G, Ens W, Standing KG. 1996. Secondary ion and electron yield measurements for surfaces bombarded with large molecular ions. Nuclear Instruments and Methods B 108:282-289.
    • (1996) Nuclear Instruments and Methods B , vol.108 , pp. 282-289
    • Westmacott, G.1    Ens, W.2    Standing, K.G.3
  • 104
    • 0000388927 scopus 로고
    • Secondary electron analysis of polymeric ions generated by an electrospray ion source
    • Xu Y, Bae YK, Beuhler RJ, Friedman L. 1993. Secondary electron analysis of polymeric ions generated by an electrospray ion source. J Physical Chemistry 97: 11883-11886.
    • (1993) J Physical Chemistry , vol.97 , pp. 11883-11886
    • Xu, Y.1    Bae, Y.K.2    Beuhler, R.J.3    Friedman, L.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.