메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 152, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 167-178

Topoisomerase I is essential in Cryptococcus neoformans: Role in pathobiology and as an antifungal target

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CAMPTOTHECIN; DNA TOPOISOMERASE;

EID: 0032900947     PISSN: 00166731     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (65)

References (58)
  • 1
    • 0030668723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans mating and virulence are regulated by the G-protein alpha subunit GPA1 and cAMP
    • ALSPAUGH, J. A., J. R. PERFECT and J. HEITMAN, 1997 Cryptococcus neoformans mating and virulence are regulated by the G-protein alpha subunit GPA1 and cAMP. Genes Dev. 11: 3206-3217.
    • (1997) Genes Dev. , vol.11 , pp. 3206-3217
    • Alspaugh, J.A.1    Perfect, J.R.2    Heitman, J.3
  • 2
    • 0030445816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possible development of resistance to fluconazole during suppressive therapy for AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis
    • ARMENGOU, A., C. PORCAR, J. MASCARO and F. GARCIA-BRAGADO, 1996 Possible development of resistance to fluconazole during suppressive therapy for AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis. Clin. Infect. Dis. 23: 1337-1338.
    • (1996) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.23 , pp. 1337-1338
    • Armengou, A.1    Porcar, C.2    Mascaro, J.3    Garcia-Bragado, F.4
  • 3
    • 0031913283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hidden danger of primary fluconazole prophylaxis for patients with AIDS
    • BERG, J., C. J. CLANCY and M. H. NGUYEN, 1998 The hidden danger of primary fluconazole prophylaxis for patients with AIDS. Clin. Infect. Dis. 26: 186-187.
    • (1998) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.26 , pp. 186-187
    • Berg, J.1    Clancy, C.J.2    Nguyen, M.H.3
  • 4
    • 0025091294 scopus 로고
    • The involvement of topoisomerases and DNA polymerase i in the mechanism of induced thermal and radiation resistance in yeast
    • BERNHAM, D. R., A. TRIVEDI, P. WEINBERGER and R. E. J. MITCHELL, 1990 The involvement of topoisomerases and DNA polymerase I in the mechanism of induced thermal and radiation resistance in yeast. Radiat. Res. 123: 203-212.
    • (1990) Radiat. Res. , vol.123 , pp. 203-212
    • Bernham, D.R.1    Trivedi, A.2    Weinberger, P.3    Mitchell, R.E.J.4
  • 5
    • 0028894991 scopus 로고
    • Azole drug resistance as a cause of clinical relapse in AIDS patients with cryptococcal meningitis
    • BIRLEY, H. D., E. M. JOHNSON, P. MCDONALD, C. PARRY, P. B. CAREY et al., 1995 Azole drug resistance as a cause of clinical relapse in AIDS patients with cryptococcal meningitis. Int. J. STD AIDS 6: 353-355.
    • (1995) Int. J. STD AIDS , vol.6 , pp. 353-355
    • Birley, H.D.1    Johnson, E.M.2    Mcdonald, P.3    Parry, C.4    Carey, P.B.5
  • 6
    • 0023736266 scopus 로고
    • DNA repair and transcriptional activity in genes
    • BOHR, V. A., 1988 DNA repair and transcriptional activity in genes. J. Cell Sci. 90: 175-178.
    • (1988) J. Cell Sci. , vol.90 , pp. 175-178
    • Bohr, V.A.1
  • 7
    • 0023127037 scopus 로고
    • Need for DNA topoisomerase activity as a swivel for DNA replication for transcription of ribosomal RNA
    • BRILL, S., S. DINARDO, K. VOELKEL-MEINMAN and R. STERNGLANZ, 1987 Need for DNA topoisomerase activity as a swivel for DNA replication for transcription of ribosomal RNA. Nature 326: 414-415.
    • (1987) Nature , vol.326 , pp. 414-415
    • Brill, S.1    Dinardo, S.2    Voelkel-Meinman, K.3    Sternglanz, R.4
  • 8
    • 0029922970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevations of DNA topoisomerase I catalytic activity and immunoprotein in human malignancies
    • BRONSTEIN, I. B., S. VOROBYEV, A. TIMOFEEV, C. J. JOLLES, S. L. ALDER et al., 1996 Elevations of DNA topoisomerase I catalytic activity and immunoprotein in human malignancies. Oncol. Res. 8: 17-25.
    • (1996) Oncol. Res. , vol.8 , pp. 17-25
    • Bronstein, I.B.1    Vorobyev, S.2    Timofeev, A.3    Jolles, C.J.4    Alder, S.L.5
  • 9
    • 0029999538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitotic chromosome condensation in the rDNA requires TRF4 and DNA topoisomerase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • CASTANO, I. B., P. M. BRZOSKA, B. U. SADOFF, H. CHEN AND M. F. CHRISTMAN, 1996 Mitotic chromosome condensation in the rDNA requires TRF4 and DNA topoisomerase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genes Dev. 10: 2564-2576.
    • (1996) Genes Dev. , vol.10 , pp. 2564-2576
    • Castano, I.B.1    Brzoska, P.M.2    Sadoff, B.U.3    Chen, H.4    Christman, M.F.5
  • 10
    • 0024277974 scopus 로고
    • Mitotic recombination in the rDNA of S. cerevisiae is suppressed by the combined action of DNA topoisomerases I and II
    • CHRISTMAN, M. F., F. S. DIETRICH and G. R. FINK, 1988 Mitotic recombination in the rDNA of S. cerevisiae is suppressed by the combined action of DNA topoisomerases I and II. Cell 55: 413-425.
    • (1988) Cell , vol.55 , pp. 413-425
    • Christman, M.F.1    Dietrich, F.S.2    Fink, G.R.3
  • 11
    • 0029151558 scopus 로고
    • The actin gene from Cryptococcus neoformans: Structure and phylogenetic analysis
    • COX, G. M., T. H. RUDE, C. C. DYKSTRA and J. R. PERFECT, 1995 The actin gene from Cryptococcus neoformans: structure and phylogenetic analysis. J. Med. Vet. Mycol. 33: 261-266.
    • (1995) J. Med. Vet. Mycol. , vol.33 , pp. 261-266
    • Cox, G.M.1    Rude, T.H.2    Dykstra, C.C.3    Perfect, J.R.4
  • 12
    • 0031687813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure-in vitro activity relationship of pentamidine analogous and dicationic substituted bis-benzimidazoles as new antifungal agents
    • DEL POETA, M., W. A. SCHELL, C. C. DYKSTRA, S. K. JONES, R. R. TIDWELL et al., 1998a Structure-in vitro activity relationship of pentamidine analogous and dicationic substituted bis-benzimidazoles as new antifungal agents. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 42: 2495-2502.
    • (1998) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.42 , pp. 2495-2502
    • Del Poeta, M.1    Schell, W.A.2    Dykstra, C.C.3    Jones, S.K.4    Tidwell, R.R.5
  • 13
    • 0031662778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro antifungal activity of a series of dicationic substitute carbazoles, furans and benzimidazoles
    • DEL POETA, M., W. A. SCHELL, C. C. DYKSTRA, S. K. JONES, R. R. TIDWELL et al., 1998b In vitro antifungal activity of a series of dicationic substitute carbazoles, furans and benzimidazoles. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 42: 2503-2510.
    • (1998) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.42 , pp. 2503-2510
    • Del Poeta, M.1    Schell, W.A.2    Dykstra, C.C.3    Jones, S.K.4    Tidwell, R.R.5
  • 14
    • 0026249747 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of topoisomerases from Pneumocystis carinii by aromatic dicationic molecules
    • DYKSTRA, C. C., and R. R. TIDWELL, 1991 Inhibition of topoisomerases from Pneumocystis carinii by aromatic dicationic molecules. J. Protozool. 6: 78S-81S.
    • (1991) J. Protozool. , vol.6
    • Dykstra, C.C.1    Tidwell, R.R.2
  • 15
    • 0028025544 scopus 로고
    • Selective inhibition of topoisomerases from Pneumocystis carinii versus topoisomerases from mammalian cells
    • DYKSTRA, C. C., D. R. MCCLERNON, L. P. ELWELL and R. R. TIDWELL, 1994 Selective inhibition of topoisomerases from Pneumocystis carinii versus topoisomerases from mammalian cells. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 38: 1890-1898.
    • (1994) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.38 , pp. 1890-1898
    • Dykstra, C.C.1    Mcclernon, D.R.2    Elwell, L.P.3    Tidwell, R.R.4
  • 16
    • 0025079475 scopus 로고
    • Isolation of the URA5 gene from Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans and its use as a selective marker for transformation
    • EDMAN, J. C., and K. J. KWON-CHUNG, 1990 Isolation of the URA5 gene from Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans and its use as a selective marker for transformation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10: 4538-4544.
    • (1990) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.10 , pp. 4538-4544
    • Edman, J.C.1    Kwon-Chung, K.J.2
  • 17
    • 0028961670 scopus 로고
    • Identification of the aminocatechol A-3253 as an in vitro poison of DNA topoisomerase I from Candida albicans
    • FOSTEL, J., and D. MONTGOMERY, 1995 Identification of the aminocatechol A-3253 as an in vitro poison of DNA topoisomerase I from Candida albicans. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 39: 586-592.
    • (1995) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.39 , pp. 586-592
    • Fostel, J.1    Montgomery, D.2
  • 18
    • 0026662925 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of DNA topoisomerase I from Candida albicans as a target for drug discovery
    • FOSTEL, J. M., D. A. MONTGOMERY and L. L. SHEN, 1992 Characterization of DNA topoisomerase I from Candida albicans as a target for drug discovery. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 36: 2131-2138.
    • (1992) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.36 , pp. 2131-2138
    • Fostel, J.M.1    Montgomery, D.A.2    Shen, L.L.3
  • 19
    • 0029945812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of responses of DNA topoisomerase I from Candida albicans and human cells to four new agents which stimulate topoisomerase-dependent DNA nicking
    • FOSTEL, J., D. MONTGOMERY and P. LARTEY, 1996 Comparison of responses of DNA topoisomerase I from Candida albicans and human cells to four new agents which stimulate topoisomerase-dependent DNA nicking. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 138: 105-111.
    • (1996) FEMS Microbiol. Lett. , vol.138 , pp. 105-111
    • Fostel, J.1    Montgomery, D.2    Lartey, P.3
  • 20
    • 0027939879 scopus 로고
    • The topoisomerase I gene from Ustilago maydis: Sequence, disruption and mutant phenotype
    • GERHOLD, D., M. THIYAGARAJAN and E. B. KMIEC, 1994 The topoisomerase I gene from Ustilago maydis: sequence, disruption and mutant phenotype. Nucleic Acids Res. 22: 3773-3778.
    • (1994) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.22 , pp. 3773-3778
    • Gerhold, D.1    Thiyagarajan, M.2    Kmiec, E.B.3
  • 21
    • 0022342251 scopus 로고
    • Cloning of yeasts TOP1, the gene encoding DNA topoisomerase I, and construction of mutants defective in both DNA topoisomerase I and DNA topoisomerase II
    • GOTO, T., and J. C. WANG, 1985 Cloning of yeasts TOP1, the gene encoding DNA topoisomerase I, and construction of mutants defective in both DNA topoisomerase I and DNA topoisomerase II. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82: 7178-7182.
    • (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.82 , pp. 7178-7182
    • Goto, T.1    Wang, J.C.2
  • 23
    • 0024499711 scopus 로고
    • DNA topoisomerase II must act at mitosis to prevent nondisjunction and chromosome breakage
    • HOLM, C., T. STEARNS and D. BOTSTEIN, 1989 DNA topoisomerase II must act at mitosis to prevent nondisjunction and chromosome breakage. Mol. Cell. Biol. 9: 159-168.
    • (1989) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.9 , pp. 159-168
    • Holm, C.1    Stearns, T.2    Botstein, D.3
  • 24
    • 0028006314 scopus 로고
    • Elevation of topoisomerase messenger RNA, protein, and catalytic activity in human tumors: Demonstration of tumor-type specificity and implications for cancer chemotherapy
    • HUSAIN, I., J. L. MOHLER, H. F. SEIGLER and J. M. BESTERMAN, 1994 Elevation of topoisomerase messenger RNA, protein, and catalytic activity in human tumors: demonstration of tumor-type specificity and implications for cancer chemotherapy. Carbohydr. Res. 54: 539-546.
    • (1994) Carbohydr. Res. , vol.54 , pp. 539-546
    • Husain, I.1    Mohler, J.L.2    Seigler, H.F.3    Besterman, J.M.4
  • 25
    • 0029046736 scopus 로고
    • DNA topoisomerase II is the molecular target of bisdioxopiperazine derivatives 1CRF-159 and 1CRF-193 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • ISHIDA, R., M. HAMATAKE, R. A. WASSERMAN, J. L. NITISS, J. C. WANG et al. 1995 DNA topoisomerase II is the molecular target of bisdioxopiperazine derivatives 1CRF-159 and 1CRF-193 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Cancer Res. 55: 2299-2303.
    • (1995) Cancer Res. , vol.55 , pp. 2299-2303
    • Ishida, R.1    Hamatake, M.2    Wasserman, R.A.3    Nitiss, J.L.4    Wang, J.C.5
  • 27
    • 0027956453 scopus 로고
    • Resistance to amphotericin B associated with defective sterol delta 8-7 isomerase in a Cryptococcus neoformans strain from an AIDS patient
    • KELLY, S. L., D. C. LAMB, M. TAYLOR, A. J. CORRAN, B. C. BALDWIN et al., 1994 Resistance to amphotericin B associated with defective sterol delta 8-7 isomerase in a Cryptococcus neoformans strain from an AIDS patient. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 122: 39-42.
    • (1994) FEMS Microbiol. Lett. , vol.122 , pp. 39-42
    • Kelly, S.L.1    Lamb, D.C.2    Taylor, M.3    Corran, A.J.4    Baldwin, B.C.5
  • 28
    • 0024431084 scopus 로고
    • Interaction of topoisomerase I with the transcribed region of the Drosophila HSP 70 heat shock gene
    • KROEGER, P. E., and T. C. ROWE, 1989 Interaction of topoisomerase I with the transcribed region of the Drosophila HSP 70 heat shock gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 17: 8495-8509.
    • (1989) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.17 , pp. 8495-8509
    • Kroeger, P.E.1    Rowe, T.C.2
  • 29
    • 0027165312 scopus 로고
    • DNA topoisomerase I is essential in Drosophila melanogaster
    • LEE, M. P., S. D. BROWN, A. CHEN and T. S. HSIEH, 1993 DNA topoisomerase I is essential in Drosophila melanogaster. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 6656-6660.
    • (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.90 , pp. 6656-6660
    • Lee, M.P.1    Brown, S.D.2    Chen, A.3    Hsieh, T.S.4
  • 31
    • 0028053746 scopus 로고
    • Targeted gene replacement demonstrates that myristoyl CoA:Protein N-myristoyl-transferase is essential for the viability of Cryptococcus neoformans
    • LODGE, J. K., E. JACKSON-MACHELSKI, D. L. TOFFALETTI, J. R. PERFECT and J. I. GORDON, 1994 Targeted gene replacement demonstrates that myristoyl CoA:protein N-myristoyl-transferase is essential for the viability of Cryptococcus neoformans. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 12008-12012.
    • (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.91 , pp. 12008-12012
    • Lodge, J.K.1    Jackson-Machelski, E.2    Toffaletti, D.L.3    Perfect, J.R.4    Gordon, J.I.5
  • 32
    • 0028786641 scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcosis in the era of AIDS 100 years after the discovery of Cryptococcus neoformans
    • MITCHELL, T. G., and J. R. PERFECT, 1995 Cryptococcosis in the era of AIDS 100 years after the discovery of Cryptococcus neoformans. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 8: 515-548.
    • (1995) Clin. Microbiol. Rev. , vol.8 , pp. 515-548
    • Mitchell, T.G.1    Perfect, J.R.2
  • 33
    • 0029912651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeted disruption of the mouse topoisomerase I gene by camptothecin selection
    • MORHAM, S. G., K. D. KLUCKMAN, N. VOULOMANOS and O. SMITHIES, 1996 Targeted disruption of the mouse topoisomerase I gene by camptothecin selection. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16: 6804-6809.
    • (1996) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.16 , pp. 6804-6809
    • Morham, S.G.1    Kluckman, K.D.2    Voulomanos, N.3    Smithies, O.4
  • 34
    • 0342517452 scopus 로고
    • Reference method for broth dilution susceptibility testing of yeasts
    • NCCLS, Wayne, PA
    • NATIONAL COMMITTEE FOR CLINICAL LABORATORY STANDARDS, 1995 Reference method for broth dilution susceptibility testing of yeasts. Tentative Standard M27-T. NCCLS, Wayne, PA.
    • (1995) Tentative Standard M27-T
  • 35
    • 0000536643 scopus 로고
    • DNA topoisomerase-targeting antitumor drugs can be studied in yeast
    • NITISS, J. L., and J. C. WANG, 1988 DNA topoisomerase-targeting antitumor drugs can be studied in yeast. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85: 7501-7505.
    • (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.85 , pp. 7501-7505
    • Nitiss, J.L.1    Wang, J.C.2
  • 36
    • 0027402476 scopus 로고
    • A temperature sensitive topoisomerase II allele confers temperature dependent drug resistant on amsacrine and etoposide: A genetic system for determining the targets of topoisomerase II inhibitors
    • NITISS, J. L., Y. X. LIU and Y. HSIUNG, 1993 A temperature sensitive topoisomerase II allele confers temperature dependent drug resistant on amsacrine and etoposide: a genetic system for determining the targets of topoisomerase II inhibitors. Cancer Res. 53: 89-93.
    • (1993) Cancer Res. , vol.53 , pp. 89-93
    • Nitiss, J.L.1    Liu, Y.X.2    Hsiung, Y.3
  • 38
    • 0031008864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcineurin is required for virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans
    • ODOM, A., S. MUIR, E. LIM, D. L. TOFFALETTI, J. R. PERFECT et al. 1997 Calcineurin is required for virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans. EMBO J. 16: 2576-2589.
    • (1997) EMBO J. , vol.16 , pp. 2576-2589
    • Odom, A.1    Muir, S.2    Lim, E.3    Toffaletti, D.L.4    Perfect, J.R.5
  • 39
    • 0027987183 scopus 로고
    • Increased fluconazole resistance of Cryptococcus neoformans isolated from a patient with AIDS and recurrent meningitis
    • PARUGAM, A., J. DUPOUY-CAMET, P. BLANCHE, J. P. GANGNEUX, C. TOURTE-SCHAEFER et al., 1994 Increased fluconazole resistance of Cryptococcus neoformans isolated from a patient with AIDS and recurrent meningitis. Clin. Infect. Dis. 19: 975-976.
    • (1994) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.19 , pp. 975-976
    • Parugam, A.1    Dupouy-Camet, J.2    Blanche, P.3    Gangneux, J.P.4    Tourte-Schaefer, C.5
  • 40
    • 0029933813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fungal virulence genes as targets for antifungal chemotherapy
    • PERFECT, J. R., 1996 Fungal virulence genes as targets for antifungal chemotherapy. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 40: 1577-1583.
    • (1996) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.40 , pp. 1577-1583
    • Perfect, J.R.1
  • 42
    • 0027521940 scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcal meningitis and AIDS
    • POWDERLY, W. G., 1993 Cryptococcal meningitis and AIDS. Clin. Infect. Dis. 17: 837-842.
    • (1993) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.17 , pp. 837-842
    • Powderly, W.G.1
  • 43
    • 0032489634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystal structures of human topoisomerase I in covalent and noncovalent complexes with DNA
    • REDINBO, M. R., L. STEWART, P. KUHN, J. J. CHAMPOUX and W. G. J. HOL, 1998 Crystal structures of human topoisomerase I in covalent and noncovalent complexes with DNA. Science 279: 1504-1513.
    • (1998) Science , vol.279 , pp. 1504-1513
    • Redinbo, M.R.1    Stewart, L.2    Kuhn, P.3    Champoux, J.J.4    Hol, W.G.J.5
  • 44
    • 0025273205 scopus 로고
    • Segregation of recombined chromosomes in meiosis I requires DNA topoisomerase II
    • ROSE, D., W. THOMAS and C. HOLM, 1990 Segregation of recombined chromosomes in meiosis I requires DNA topoisomerase II. Cell 60: 1009-1017.
    • (1990) Cell , vol.60 , pp. 1009-1017
    • Rose, D.1    Thomas, W.2    Holm, C.3
  • 45
    • 0023245687 scopus 로고
    • Camptothecin inhibits hsp 70 heat shock transcription and induces DNA strand breaks in hsp 70 genes in Drosophila
    • ROWE, T. C., E. COUTO and D. J. KROLL, 1987 Camptothecin inhibits hsp 70 heat shock transcription and induces DNA strand breaks in hsp 70 genes in Drosophila. NCI (Natl. Cancer Inst.) Monogr. 4: 49-53.
    • (1987) NCI (Natl. Cancer Inst.) Monogr. , vol.4 , pp. 49-53
    • Rowe, T.C.1    Couto, E.2    Kroll, D.J.3
  • 50
    • 0028580735 scopus 로고
    • Structure activity of topoisomerase I poisons related to Hoechst 33342
    • SUN, Q., B. GATTO, C. YU, L. F. LIU and E. J. LA VOIE, 1994 Structure activity of topoisomerase I poisons related to Hoechst 33342. Bioorg. and Med. Chem. Lett. 4: 2871-2876.
    • (1994) Bioorg. and Med. Chem. Lett. , vol.4 , pp. 2871-2876
    • Sun, Q.1    Gatto, B.2    Yu, C.3    Liu, L.F.4    La Voie, E.J.5
  • 51
    • 0029885873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of the gene encoding DNA topoisomerase I from Candida albicans
    • TAYLOR, A., K. GILES, A. V. SARTHY, T. MCGINICAL and J. FOSTEL, 1996 Identification of the gene encoding DNA topoisomerase I from Candida albicans. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 138: 113-121.
    • (1996) FEMS Microbiol. Lett. , vol.138 , pp. 113-121
    • Taylor, A.1    Giles, K.2    Sarthy, A.V.3    Mcginical, T.4    Fostel, J.5
  • 52
    • 0032925368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A glucan synthase FKS1 homolog in Cryptococcus neoformans is a single copy and encodes an essential function
    • THOMPSON, J. R., C. M. DOUGLAS, N. LI, K. J. CHANG, B. PRAMANIK et al., 1999 A glucan synthase FKS1 homolog in Cryptococcus neoformans is a single copy and encodes an essential function J. Bacteriol. 181: 444-453.
    • (1999) J. Bacteriol. , vol.181 , pp. 444-453
    • Thompson, J.R.1    Douglas, C.M.2    Li, N.3    Chang, K.J.4    Pramanik, B.5
  • 53
    • 0021931572 scopus 로고
    • Cloning, characterization, and sequence of the yeast DNA topoisomerase I gene
    • THRASH, C., A. T. BANKIER, B. G. BARRELL and R. STERNGLANZ, 1985 Cloning, characterization, and sequence of the yeast DNA topoisomerase I gene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82: 4374-4378.
    • (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.82 , pp. 4374-4378
    • Thrash, C.1    Bankier, A.T.2    Barrell, B.G.3    Sternglanz, R.4
  • 54
    • 0027467293 scopus 로고
    • Gene transfer in Cryptococcus neoformans by use of biolistic delivery of DNA
    • TOFFALETTI, D. L., T. H. RUDE, S. A. JOHNSTON, D. T. DURACK and J. R. PERFECT, 1993 Gene transfer in Cryptococcus neoformans by use of biolistic delivery of DNA. J. Bacteriol. 175: 1405-1411.
    • (1993) J. Bacteriol. , vol.175 , pp. 1405-1411
    • Toffaletti, D.L.1    Rude, T.H.2    Johnston, S.A.3    Durack, D.T.4    Perfect, J.R.5
  • 55
    • 0024968110 scopus 로고
    • Transcription-driven supercoiling of DNA: Direct biochemical evidence from in vitro studies
    • TSAO, Y-P., H-Y. WU and L. F. LIU, 1989 Transcription-driven supercoiling of DNA: direct biochemical evidence from in vitro studies. Cell 56: 111-116.
    • (1989) Cell , vol.56 , pp. 111-116
    • Tsao, Y.-P.1    Wu, H.-Y.2    Liu, L.F.3
  • 56
    • 0023650299 scopus 로고
    • Cloning and sequencing of Schizosaccharomyces pombe DNA topoisomerase I gene, and effect of gene disruption
    • VEMURA, T., K. MORINO, S. UZAWA, K. SHIOZAKI and M. YANAGIDA, 1987 Cloning and sequencing of Schizosaccharomyces pombe DNA topoisomerase I gene, and effect of gene disruption. Nucleic Acids Res. 15: 9727-9739.
    • (1987) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.15 , pp. 9727-9739
    • Vemura, T.1    Morino, K.2    Uzawa, S.3    Shiozaki, K.4    Yanagida, M.5
  • 57
    • 0026606053 scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcal meningitis with AIDS and patients with neoplastic disease
    • WHITE, M., C. CIRRINCIONE, A. BLEVINS and D. ARMSTRONG, 1992 Cryptococcal meningitis with AIDS and patients with neoplastic disease. J. Infect. Dis. 165: 960-966.
    • (1992) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.165 , pp. 960-966
    • White, M.1    Cirrincione, C.2    Blevins, A.3    Armstrong, D.4
  • 58
    • 0029123663 scopus 로고
    • The Cryptococcus neoformans GAL7 gene and its use as an inducible promoter
    • WICKES, B. L., and J. C. EDMAN, 1995 The Cryptococcus neoformans GAL7 gene and its use as an inducible promoter. Mol. Microbiol. 16: 1099-1109.
    • (1995) Mol. Microbiol. , vol.16 , pp. 1099-1109
    • Wickes, B.L.1    Edman, J.C.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.