Organic disorders and psychosis

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

Volumn 12, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 415-419

  Manor, Iris ^a,b   Tyano, Sam ^a,b  

^a GEHA MENTAL HEALTH CENTER   (Israel)

^b TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AUTOIMMUNITY; BRAIN DISEASE; BRAIN INFECTION; BRAIN INJURY; BRAIN METABOLISM; HEREDITY; ORGANIC BRAIN SYNDROME; PSYCHOSIS; REVIEW;

EID: 0032718776     PISSN: 09517367     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00001504-199907000-00006     Document Type: Review

References (34)

1. Skuse DH. Genetic factors in the etiology of child psychiatric disorders. Curr Opin Pediatr 1997; 9:354-360.
2. Gottesman II, Moldin SO. Schizophrenia genetics at the millennium: cautious optimism. Clin Genet 1997; 52:404-407.
3. Murphy KC, Gill M. Recent developments in the genetics of schizophrenia. Irish Psychol Med 1997; 13:151-154.
4. Skuse DH. Psychiatric aspects of chromosomal microdeletions and trinucleotide repeats. Curr Opin Psychiatry 1998; 11:373-378. Chromosomal microdeletions and expanded trinucleotide repeat sequences are discussed in this review according to their association with psychiatric disorders. The discussed microdeletions are on chromosomes X, 22, 15, 17 and 7, and findings are reviewed. The development in our understanding of complex potygenic inheritance is emphasized.
5. Moldin SO. The maddening hunt for madness genes. Nature Genet 1997; 17:127-129.
6. Goei VL, Choi J, Ahn J, Bowlus CL, Raha CR, Gruen JR. Human gamma-aminobutyric acid B receptor gene: complementary DNA cloning, expression, chromosomal location, and genomic organization. Biol Psychiatry 1998; 44:659-666. Complementary DNA hybridization selection was performed on genomic DNA clones of chromosome 6, especially the 6p21.3 region because of its connection to mental disorders. The genomic location, tissue expression and function of the human γ-aminobutyric acid-B receptor gene suggest that 6p21.3 is an important positional candidate for mental, including psychiatric, disorders.
7. Wright P, Dawson E, Donaldson PT, Underhill JA, Sham PC, Zhao J, et al. A transmission/disequilibrium study of the DRB1*04 gene focus on chromosome 6p21.3 with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 1998; 32:75-80.
8. Kumra S, Wiggs E, Krasnewich D, Meck J, Smith ACM, Bedwell J, et al. Association of sex chromosome anomalies with childhood-onset psychotic disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1998; 37:292-296
9. Rosebush PI, MacQueen GM, Clarke JTR, Callahan JW, Strasberg PM, Mazurek MF. Late-onset Tay-Sachs disease presenting as catatonic schizophrenia: diagnostic and treatment issues. J Clin Psychiatry 1995; 56:347-353.
10. Blouin JL, Dombroski BA, Nath SK, Lasseter VK, Wolyniec PS, Nestadt G, et al. Schizophrenia susceptibility loci on chromosomes 13q2 and 8p21. Nature Genet 1998; 20:70-73.
11. Manor I, Hermesh H, Munitz H, Weizman A. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome with gangliosidosis type II. Biol Psychiatry 1997; 41:1222-1224.
12. Carlson C, Papoplos D, Pandita RK, Faedda GL, Veit S, Goldberg R, et al. Molecular definition of 22q11 deletions in 151 velo-cardio-facial syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 1997; 61:851-859.
13. Yan WL, Jacobsen LK, Krasnerwich DM, Guan XY, Lenane MC, Paul SP, et al. Chromosome 22q11.2 interstitial deletions among childhood-onset schizophrenics and 'multidimensionally impaired'. Am J Med Genet 1998; 81:41-43.
14. Bassett AS, Hodgkinson K, Chow EWC, Correia S, Scutt LE, Weksberg R. 22q11 deletion syndrome in adults with schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet 1998; 81:328-337. This study investigates the association of VCFS with psychotic disorders in adults, defined here as DSM-IV schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. It replicates the association of 22q11 deletion syndrome with schizophrenia in 10 patients. The authors suggest that this syndrome may be a genetic subtype of schizophrenia.
15. Schizophrenia Collaborative Linkage Group for Chromosome 22. A transmission disequilibrium and linkage analysis of D22S278 marker allefes in 574 families: further support for a susceptibility locus for schizophrenia at 22q12. Schizophr Res 1998; 32:115-121.
16. Smith ML. Atypical psychosis. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1998; 21:895-904. This review is basic for the discussion of 'organic' aetiologies of psychosis. It reviews many of the aetiologies, including many disorders and various causes that result in psychosis as a main symptom. It emphasizes the basic idea that psychosis is not specific to any diagnosis, but is a 'common pathway' dysfunction of the central nervous system.
17. Tucker GJ. Seizure disorders presenting with psychiatrìc symptomatology. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1998; 21:625-635. Seizure disorder is quite a common disorder, which has many mental and clinical implications, such as hallucinations and abrupt mood and anxiety changes. This article presents a proposed psychopathology of seizure disorders, including psychosis, and subsequently reviews the psychiatric conditions that mimic seizure disorders.
18. Reite M. Sleep disorders presenting as psychiatric disorders. Clin North Am 1998; 21;591-607.
19. Douglas AB, Shipley JE, Haines RF, et al. Florid refractory schizophrenias that turn out to be treatable variants of HLA-associated narcolepsy. J Nerv Ment Dis 1991; 179:12-17.
20. Weight DG. Minor head trauma. Clin North Am 1998; 21;609-624.
21. Buckley PF. Structural brain imaging in schizophrenia. Clin North Am 1998; 21:77-92. The increasingly sophisticated brain imaging techniques are discussed, according to their importance in revealing brain abnormalities in schizophrenia. There is a review of the brain changes, their aetiology and the putative clinical correlates.
22. McClure RJ, Keshavan MS, Pettegrew JW. Chemical and physiologic brain imaging in schizophrenia. Clin North Am 1998; 21;93-115. This is a review of the technological advances in functional brain imaging. It provides up-to-date information about the functional neuroanatomy and neurochemistry of schizophrenia. Among the technologies reviewed are magnetic resonance spectroscopy, positron emission tomography and single-photon emission computed tomography. The review discusses these tools and the observations they enable, such as in-vivo brain metabolism, cerebral blood flow, glucose metabolism and the relative receptor occupancy of different drugs.
23. Jacobsen LK, Hamburger SD, Van-Horn JD, Vaituzis AC, McKenna K, Frazier JA, et al. Cerebral glucose metabolism in childhood onset schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 1997; 75:131-144.
24. Buchsbaum MS, Hazlett EA. Positron emission tomography studies of abnormal glucose metabolism in schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1998; 24:343-364. Cerebral metabolic activity reflects regional brain work for all neurotransmitter systems. Neuroimaging directly with fluorodeoxyglucose and indirectly with blood flow and haemoglobin oxygen saturation provides information about possible deficits in the functional neuroanatomy. This review is a summary of all metabolic imaging studies in schizophrenia over the past decade.
25. Swedo SE. Sydenham's chorea: a model for childhood autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders (clinical conference). JAMA 1994; 272:1788-1791.
26. Swedo SE, Leonard HL, Kiessling L. Speculations on antineuronal antibody-mediated neuropsychiatric disorders of childhood. Pediatrics 1994; 93:323-326.
27. Swedo SE, Leonard HL, Garvey M, Mittelman B, Allen AJ, Perlmutter S, et al. Pedìatrìc autoìmmune neuropsychiatric disorders assocìated with streptococcal infections: clinical description of the first 50 cases. Am J Psychiatry 1998; 155:264-271. This study describes the significant relationship between autoimmunity and a 'pure' childhood-onset psychiatric disorder, obsessive - compulsive disorder, in 50 children. It suggests that there is a homogeneous subgroup of OCD patients in which symptom exacerbations are triggered by exposure to group A β-haemolytic streptococci.
28. Singer HS, Giuliano JD, Hansen BH, Hallett JJ, Laurino JP, Benson M. Antibodies against human putamen in children with Tourette's syndrome. Neurology 1998; 50:1618-1624.
29. Baldeweg T, Catalan J, Pugh K, Gruzelier J, Lovett E, Scurlock H, et al. Neurophysiological changes associated with psychiatric symptoms in HIV-infected individuals without AIDS. Biol Psychiatry 1997; 41:474-487.
30. Zorrilla EP, Cannon TD, Kessler J, Gur-Raquel E. Leukocyte differentials predict short-term clinical outcome following antipsychotic treatment in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 1998; 43:887-896. This article discusses the association between laboratory findings (granulocytosis, lymphopenia and autoantibodies) and clinical characteristics of psychosis (positive and negative symptoms). This association has important implications for the subtyping of psychosis according to laboratory (i.e. organic and objective) findings. We believe that more research is needed in this area.
31. Jacobsen LK, Mittelman BB, Kumra S, Lenane MC, Barracchini KC, Adams S, et al. HLA antigens in childhood onset schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 1998; 78:123-132.
32. Hutto B. Subtle psychiatric presentations of endocrine diseases. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1998; 21:905-916.
33. Meltzer HY. Neuromuscular dysfunction in schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1976; 1:106-135.
34. Manor I, Hermesh H, Ratzoni G, Munítz H, Weizman A. Recurrence pattern of serum creatine phosphokinase levels in repeated acute psychoses. Biol Psychiatry 1998; 43:288-292.