Smad7 inhibits mesoderm formation and promotes neural cell fate in Xenopus embryos

Developmental Biology

Volumn 200, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 260-268

  Bhushan, Anil ^a   Chen, Yan ^a   Vale, Wylie ^a  

^a SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES   (United States)

Author keywords

Cell fate specification; Ectoderm; Germ layer; Smads; TGF

Indexed keywords

ACTIVIN; INHIBITOR PROTEIN; SMAD7 PROTEIN; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BLASTULA; EMBRYO; EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT; EXPLANT; HISTOLOGY; MESODERM; NERVE CELL; NONHUMAN; PLASMID; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DETERMINATION; PROTEIN ISOLATION; REGULATORY MECHANISM; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; XENOPUS;

AMPHIBIA; ANIMALIA; REPTILIA; VERTEBRATA; XENOPUS;

EID: 0032529532     PISSN: 00121606     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/dbio.1998.8965     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Baker, J. C., and Harland, R. M. (1996). A novel mesoderm inducer, Madr2, functions in the activin signal transduction pathway. Genes Dev. 10, 1880-1889.
2. Bouwmeester, T., Kim, S., Sasai, Y., Lu, B., and De Robertis, E. (1996). Cerberus is a head-inducing secreted factor expressed in the anterior endoderm of Spemann's organizer. Nature 382, 595-601.
3. Chang, C., Wilson, P. A., Mathews, L. S., and Hemmati-Brivanlou, A. (1997). A Xenopus type I activin receptor mediates mesodermal but not neural specification during embryogenesis. Development 124, 827-837.
4. Chen, X., Weisberg, E., Fridmacher, V., Watanabe M., Naco, G., and Whitman, M. (1997a). Smad4 and FAST-1 in the assembly of activin-responsive factor. Nature 389, 85-89.
5. Chen, Y., Bhushan, A., and Vale, W. (1997b). Smad8 mediates the signaling of the receptor serine kinase, ALK-2. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 12938-12943.
6. Cho, K. W., Blumberg, B., Steinbeisser, H., and De Robertis, E. M. (1991). Molecular nature of Spemann's organizer: The role of the Xenopus homeobox gene goosecoid. Cell 67, 1111-1120.
7. Christian, J. L., McMahon, J. A., McMahon, A. P., and Moon, R. T. (1991). Xwnt-8, a Xenopus Wnt-1/int-1-related gene responsive to mesoderm-inducing growth factors, may play a role in ventral mesodermal patterning during embryogenesis. Development 111, 1045-1055.
8. Cooke, J. (1989). Xenopus mesoderm induction: Evidence for early size control and partial autonomy for pattern development by onset of gastrulation. Development 106, 519-529.
9. Davidson, E. (1993). Later embryogenesis: regulatory circuitry in morphogenetic fields. Development (Suppl.) 118, 665-690.
10. Graff, J. M., Bansal, A., and Melton, D. A. (1996). Xenopus Mad proteins transduce distinct subsets of signals for the TGF beta superfamily. Cell 85, 479-487.
11. Graff, J. M., Thies, R. S., Song, J. J., Celeste, A. J., and Melton, D. A. (1994). Studies with a Xenopus BMP receptor suggest that ventral mesoderm-inducing signals override dorsal signals in vivo. Cell 79, 169-179.
12. Green, J. B. A., and Smith, J. C. (1990). Graded changes in dose of a Xenopus activin A homologue elicit stepwise transitions in embryonic cell fate. Nature 347, 391-394.
13. Gurdon, J. B. (1987). Embryonic induction-molecular prospects. Development 99, 285-306.
14. Gurdon, J. B., Harger, P., Mitchell, A., and Lemaire, P. (1994). Activin signalling and response to a morphogen gradient. Nature 371, 487-492.
15. Hata, A., Lagna, G., Massague, J., and Hemmati, B. A. (1998). Smad6 inhibits BMP/Smad1 signaling by specifically competing with the Smad4 tumor suppressor. Genes Dev. 12, 186-197.
16. Hayashi, H., Abdollah, S., Qiu, Y., Cai, J., Xu, Y. Y., Grinnell, B. W., Richardson, M. A., Topper, J. N., Gimbrone, M. J., Wrana, J. L., and Falb, D. (1997). The MAD-related protein Smad7 associates with the TGF beta receptor and functions as an antagonist of TGF beta signaling. Cell 89, 1165-1173.
17. Heasman, J. (1997). Patterning the Xenopus blastula. Development 124, 4179-4191.
18. Hemmati-Brivanlou, A., Kelly, O. G., and Melton, D. A. (1994). Follistatin, an antagonist of activin, is expressed in the Spemann organizer and displays direct neuralizing activity. Cell 77, 283-295.
19. Jessell, T. M., and Melton, D. A. (1992). Diffusible factors in vertebrate embryonic induction. Cell 68, 257-270
20. Kessler, D. S., and Melton, D. A. (1994). Vertebrate embryonic induction: mesodermal and neural patterning. Science 266, 596-604.
21. Kintner, C. R., and Melton, D. M. (1987). Expression of Xenopus N-CAM RNA is an early response of ectoderm to induction. Development 99, 311-325.
22. Kretzschmar, M., Liu, F., Hata, A., Doody, J., and Massague, J. (1997). The TGF-beta family mediator Smadl is phosphorylated directly and activated functionally by the BMP receptor kinase. Genes Dev. 11, 984-995.
23. Macias, S. M., Abdollah, S., Hoodless, P. A., Pirone, R., Attisano, L., and Wrana, J. L. (1996). MADR2 is a substrate of the TGFbeta receptor and its phosphorylation is required for nuclear accumulation and signaling. Cell 87, 1215-1224.
24. Meinhardt, H. (1977). A model of pattern formation in insect embryogenesis. J. Cell Sci. 23, 177-179.
25. Nakao, A., Afrakhte, M., Moren, A., Nakayama, T., Christian, J. L., Heuchel, R., Itoh, S., Kawabata, M., Heldin, N. F., Heldin, C. H., and ten, D. P. (1997). Identification of Smad7, a TGF beta-inducible antagonist of TGF-beta signalling. Nature 389, 631-635.
26. Onichtchouk, D., Gawantka, V., Dosch, R., Delius, H., Hirschfeld, K., Blumenstock, C., and Niehrs, C. (1996). The Xvent-2 homeobox gene is part of the BMP-4 signalling pathway controlling [correction of controling] dorsoventral patterning of Xenopus mesoderm. Development 122, 3045-3053.
27. Piccolo, S., Sasai, Y., Lu, B., and De Robertis, E. M. (1996). Dorsoventral patterning in Xenopus: Inhibition of ventral signals by direct binding of chordin to BMP-4. Cell 86, 589-598.
28. Sasai, Y., Lu, B., Piccolo, S., and De Robertis, E. (1996). Endoderm induction by the organizer-secreted factors chordin and noggin in Xenopus animal caps. EMBO J. 15, 4547-4555.
29. Schmidt. J. E., von Dassow, G., and Kimelman, D. (1996). Regulation of dorsal-ventral patterning: the ventralizing effects of the novel Xenopus homeobox gene Vox. Development 122, 1711-1721.
30. Schulte, M. S., Smith, J. C., and Dale, L. (1994). Effects of truncated activin and FGF receptors and of follistatin on the inducing activities of BVgI and activin: does activin play a role in mesoderm induction? EMBO J. 13, 3533-3541.
31. Sive, H., and Bradley, L. (1996). A sticky problem: The Xenopus cement gland as a paradigm for anteroposterior patterning. Dev. Dyn. 205, 265-280.
32. Slack, J. M. (1993). Embryonic induction. Mech. Dev. 41, 91-107.
33. Smith, J. C. (1995). Mesoderm-inducing factors and mesodermal patterning. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 7, 856-861.
34. Smith, J. C., Price, B. M., Green, J. B., Weigel, D., and Herrmann, B. G. (1991). Expression of a Xenopus homolog of Brachyury (T) is an immediate-early response to mesoderm induction. Cell 67, 79-87
35. Suzuki, A., Chang, C., Yingling, J. M., Wang, X. F., and Hemmati-Brivanlou, A. (1997a). Smad5 induces ventral fates in Xenopus embryo. Dev. Biol. 184, 402-405.
36. Suzuki, A., Ueno, N., and Hemmati-Brivanlou, A. (1997b). Xenopus msxl mediates epidermal induction and neural inhibition by BMP4. Development 124, 3037-3044.
37. Topper, J. N., Cai, J., Qiu, Y., Anderson, K. R., Xu, Y. Y., Deeds, J. D., Feeley, R., Gimeno, C. J., Woolf, E. A., Tayber, O., Mays, G.G., Sampson, B. A., Schoen, F. J., Gimbrone, M. J., and Falb, D. (1997). Vascular MADs: Two novel MAD-related genes selectively inducible by flow in human vascular endothelium. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 9314-9319.
38. Weeks, D. L., and Melton, D. M. (1987). A maternal mRNA localized to the vegetal hemisphere in Xenopus eggs codes for a growth factor related to TGF-β. Cell 51, 861-867.
39. Wilson, P. A., and Hemmati-Brivanlou, A. (1997). Vertebrate neural induction: inducers, inhibitors, and a new synthesis. Neuron 18, 699-710.
40. Wilson, P. A., Lagna, G., Suzuki, A., and Hemmati-Brivanlou, A, (1997). Concentration-dependent patterning of the Xenopus ectoderm by BMP4 and its signal transducer Smad1. Development 124, 3177-3184.
41. Wilson, P. A., and Melton, D. A. (1994). Mesodermal patterning by an inducer gradient depends on secondary cell-cell communication. Curr. Biol. 4, 676-686.
42. Wrana, J. L., Attisano, L., Wieser, R., Ventura, F., and Massague, J. (1994). Mechanism of activation of the TGF-β receptor. Nature 370, 341-347.
43. Zimmerman, L. B., De, J., Escobar, J. M., and Harland, R. M. (1996). The Spemann organizer signal noggin binds and inactivates bone morphogenetic protein 4. Cell 86, 599-606.