메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 7, Issue 7, 1998, Pages 1083-1090

Modification of splicing in the dystrophin gene in cultured Mdx muscle cells by antisense oligoribonucleotides

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CYTOSKELETON PROTEIN; DYSTROPHIN; OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDE;

EID: 0031800293     PISSN: 09646906     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/hmg/7.7.1083     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (221)

References (56)
  • 1
    • 0023614188 scopus 로고
    • Dystrophin: The protein product of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy locus
    • Hoffman, E.P., Brown, R.H. and Kunkel, L.M. (1987) Dystrophin: the protein product of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy locus. Cell, 51, 919-928.
    • (1987) Cell , vol.51 , pp. 919-928
    • Hoffman, E.P.1    Brown, R.H.2    Kunkel, L.M.3
  • 2
    • 0024466501 scopus 로고
    • The molecular basis for Duchenne versus Backer muscular dystrophy: Correlation of severity with type of deletion
    • Koenig, M. et al. (1989) The molecular basis for Duchenne versus Backer muscular dystrophy: correlation of severity with type of deletion. Am. J. Hum. Genet., 45, 498-506.
    • (1989) Am. J. Hum. Genet. , vol.45 , pp. 498-506
    • Koenig, M.1
  • 3
    • 0023718118 scopus 로고
    • An explanation for phenotypic differences between patients bearing partial deletions of the DMD locus
    • Monaco, A.P., Bertelson, C.J., Liechti-Gallati, S., Moser, H. and Kunkel, L.M. (1988) An explanation for phenotypic differences between patients bearing partial deletions of the DMD locus. Genomics, 2, 90-95.
    • (1988) Genomics , vol.2 , pp. 90-95
    • Monaco, A.P.1    Bertelson, C.J.2    Liechti-Gallati, S.3    Moser, H.4    Kunkel, L.M.5
  • 6
    • 0027200405 scopus 로고
    • Functional significance of dystrophin-positive fibres in Duchenne muscular dystrophy
    • Nicholson, L.V.B., Johnson, M.A., Bushby, K.M.D. and Gardner-Medwin, D. (1992) Functional significance of dystrophin-positive fibres in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Arch. Dis. Child., 68, 632-636.
    • (1992) Arch. Dis. Child. , vol.68 , pp. 632-636
    • Nicholson, L.V.B.1    Johnson, M.A.2    Bushby, K.M.D.3    Gardner-Medwin, D.4
  • 7
    • 0029122522 scopus 로고
    • Expression of human full-length and minidystrophin in transgenic max mice: Implications for gene therapy of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
    • Wells, D.J., Wells, K.E., Asante, E.A.,Turner, G., Sunada, Y., Campbell, K.P., Walsh, F.S. and Dickson, G. (1995) Expression of human full-length and minidystrophin in transgenic max mice: implications for gene therapy of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Hum. Mol. Genet., 4, 1245-1250.
    • (1995) Hum. Mol. Genet. , vol.4 , pp. 1245-1250
    • Wells, D.J.1    Wells, K.E.2    Asante, E.A.3    Turner, G.4    Sunada, Y.5    Campbell, K.P.6    Walsh, F.S.7    Dickson, G.8
  • 8
    • 0027487938 scopus 로고
    • Exon skipping and translation in patients with frameshift deletions in the dystrophin gene
    • Sherratt, T.G., Vulliamy, T., Dubowitz, V., Sewry, C.A. and Strong, P.N. (1993) Exon skipping and translation in patients with frameshift deletions in the dystrophin gene. Am. J. Hum. Genet., 53, 1007-1015.
    • (1993) Am. J. Hum. Genet. , vol.53 , pp. 1007-1015
    • Sherratt, T.G.1    Vulliamy, T.2    Dubowitz, V.3    Sewry, C.A.4    Strong, P.N.5
  • 9
    • 0028910144 scopus 로고
    • Characterisation of revenant muscle fibres in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, using exon-specific monoclonal antibodies against dystrophin
    • Thanh, L.T., Man, N.T., Helliwell, T.R. and Morris, G.E. (1995) Characterisation of revenant muscle fibres in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, using exon-specific monoclonal antibodies against dystrophin. Am. J. Hum. Genet., 56, 725-731.
    • (1995) Am. J. Hum. Genet. , vol.56 , pp. 725-731
    • Thanh, L.T.1    Man, N.T.2    Helliwell, T.R.3    Morris, G.E.4
  • 10
    • 0030963232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dystrophin gene transcripts skipping the mdx mutation
    • Wilton, S.D., Dye, D.E. and Laing, N.G. (1997) Dystrophin gene transcripts skipping the mdx mutation. Muscle Nerve, 20, 728-734.
    • (1997) Muscle Nerve , vol.20 , pp. 728-734
    • Wilton, S.D.1    Dye, D.E.2    Laing, N.G.3
  • 11
    • 0027174251 scopus 로고
    • Direct retroviral-mediated transfer of a dystrophin minigene into mdx mouse muscle in vivo
    • Dunckley, M.G., Wells, D.J., Walsh, F.S. and Dickson, G. (1993) Direct retroviral-mediated transfer of a dystrophin minigene into mdx mouse muscle in vivo. Hum. Mol. Genet., 2, 717-723.
    • (1993) Hum. Mol. Genet. , vol.2 , pp. 717-723
    • Dunckley, M.G.1    Wells, D.J.2    Walsh, F.S.3    Dickson, G.4
  • 12
    • 0030755548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic correction of dystrophin deficiency and skeletal muscle remodeling in adult mdx mouse via transplantation of retroviral producer cells
    • Fassati, A., Wells, D.J., Serpente, P.A.S., Walsh, F.S., Brown, S.C., Strong, P.N. and Dickson, G. (1997) Genetic correction of dystrophin deficiency and skeletal muscle remodeling in adult mdx mouse via transplantation of retroviral producer cells. J. Clin. Invest., 100, 620-628.
    • (1997) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.100 , pp. 620-628
    • Fassati, A.1    Wells, D.J.2    Serpente, P.A.S.3    Walsh, F.S.4    Brown, S.C.5    Strong, P.N.6    Dickson, G.7
  • 13
    • 0027362435 scopus 로고
    • Long-term correction of mouse dystrophic degeneration by adenovirus-mediated transfer of a minidystrophin gene
    • Vincent, N. et al. (1993) Long-term correction of mouse dystrophic degeneration by adenovirus-mediated transfer of a minidystrophin gene. Nature Genet., 5, 130-134.
    • (1993) Nature Genet. , vol.5 , pp. 130-134
    • Vincent, N.1
  • 14
    • 0028919634 scopus 로고
    • Liposome-mediated dystrophin gene transfer
    • Trivedi, R.A. and Dickson, G. (1995) Liposome-mediated dystrophin gene transfer. J. Neurochem., 64, 2230-2238.
    • (1995) J. Neurochem. , vol.64 , pp. 2230-2238
    • Trivedi, R.A.1    Dickson, G.2
  • 15
    • 0027470203 scopus 로고
    • The structural and functional diversity of dystrophin
    • Ahn, A.H. and Kunkel, L.M. (1993) The structural and functional diversity of dystrophin. Nature Genet., 3, 283-291.
    • (1993) Nature Genet. , vol.3 , pp. 283-291
    • Ahn, A.H.1    Kunkel, L.M.2
  • 16
    • 0030032042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antisense oligonucleotide therapeutics: Drug delivery and targeting
    • Rojanasakul, Y. (1996) Antisense oligonucleotide therapeutics: drug delivery and targeting. Adv. Drug Delivery Rev., 18, 115-131
    • (1996) Adv. Drug Delivery Rev. , vol.18 , pp. 115-131
    • Rojanasakul, Y.1
  • 17
    • 0030882266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Message therapy: Gene therapy that targets mRNA sequence and stability
    • Kozarsky, K.F. and Couture, L.A. (1997) Message therapy: gene therapy that targets mRNA sequence and stability. Am. J. Hum. Genet., 61, 790-794.
    • (1997) Am. J. Hum. Genet. , vol.61 , pp. 790-794
    • Kozarsky, K.F.1    Couture, L.A.2
  • 18
    • 0025339373 scopus 로고
    • Specific regulation of gene expression by antisense, sense, and antigene nucleic acids
    • Helene, C. and Toulme, J.J. (1990) Specific regulation of gene expression by antisense, sense, and antigene nucleic acids. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1049, 99-125.
    • (1990) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1049 , pp. 99-125
    • Helene, C.1    Toulme, J.J.2
  • 19
    • 0025050482 scopus 로고
    • Surveying cis-acting sequences of pre-messenger RNA by adding antisense 2′-O-methyl oligoribonucleotides to a splicing reaction
    • Mayeda, A., Hayase, Y., Inoue, H., Ohtsuka, E. and Ohshima, Y. (1990) Surveying cis-acting sequences of pre-messenger RNA by adding antisense 2′-O-methyl oligoribonucleotides to a splicing reaction. J. Biochem., 108, 399-405.
    • (1990) J. Biochem. , vol.108 , pp. 399-405
    • Mayeda, A.1    Hayase, Y.2    Inoue, H.3    Ohtsuka, E.4    Ohshima, Y.5
  • 20
    • 0028908157 scopus 로고
    • Relative stabilities of triple helices composed of combinations of DNA, RNA, and 2′-O-methyl RNA backbones: Chimeric circular oligonucleotides as probes
    • Wang, S. and Kool, E.T. (1995) Relative stabilities of triple helices composed of combinations of DNA, RNA, and 2′-O-methyl RNA backbones: chimeric circular oligonucleotides as probes. Nucleic Acids Res., 23, 1157-1164.
    • (1995) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.23 , pp. 1157-1164
    • Wang, S.1    Kool, E.T.2
  • 21
    • 0027284424 scopus 로고
    • Restoration of correct splicing in thalassemic pre-mRNA by antisense oligonucleotides
    • Dominski, Z. and Kole, R. (1993) Restoration of correct splicing in thalassemic pre-mRNA by antisense oligonucleotides. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 90, 8673-8677.
    • (1993) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.90 , pp. 8673-8677
    • Dominski, Z.1    Kole, R.2
  • 22
    • 0028819352 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of in vitro splicing of the upstream intron by modifying an intra-exon sequence which is deleted from the dystrophin gene in dystrophin Kobe
    • Takeshima, Y., Nishio, H., Sakamoto, H., Nakamura, H. and Matsuo, M. (1995) Modulation of in vitro splicing of the upstream intron by modifying an intra-exon sequence which is deleted from the dystrophin gene in dystrophin Kobe. J. Clin. Invest., 95, 515-520.
    • (1995) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.95 , pp. 515-520
    • Takeshima, Y.1    Nishio, H.2    Sakamoto, H.3    Nakamura, H.4    Matsuo, M.5
  • 23
    • 0029803547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repair of thalassemic human β-globin mRNA in mammalian cells by antisense oligonucleotides
    • Sierakowska, H., Sambade, M.J., Agrawal, S. and Kole, R. (1996) Repair of thalassemic human β-globin mRNA in mammalian cells by antisense oligonucleotides. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 93, 12840-12844.
    • (1996) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.93 , pp. 12840-12844
    • Sierakowska, H.1    Sambade, M.J.2    Agrawal, S.3    Kole, R.4
  • 24
    • 0030582315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of exon skipping of the dystrophin transcript in lymphoblastoid cells by transfecting an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide complementary to an exon recognition sequence
    • Pramono, Z.A.D., Takeshima, Y., Alimsardjono, H., Ishii, A., Takeda, S. and Matsuo, M. (1996) Induction of exon skipping of the dystrophin transcript in lymphoblastoid cells by transfecting an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide complementary to an exon recognition sequence. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 226, 445-449.
    • (1996) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.226 , pp. 445-449
    • Pramono, Z.A.D.1    Takeshima, Y.2    Alimsardjono, H.3    Ishii, A.4    Takeda, S.5    Matsuo, M.6
  • 27
    • 0029799791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A powerful nonviral vector for in vivo gene transfer into the adult mammalian brain: Polyethyleneimine
    • Abdallah, B., Hassan, A., Benoist, C., Goula, D., Behr, J.-P. and Demeneix, B.A. (1996) A powerful nonviral vector for in vivo gene transfer into the adult mammalian brain: polyethyleneimine. Hum. Gene Ther., 7, 1947-1954.
    • (1996) Hum. Gene Ther. , vol.7 , pp. 1947-1954
    • Abdallah, B.1    Hassan, A.2    Benoist, C.3    Goula, D.4    Behr, J.-P.5    Demeneix, B.A.6
  • 28
    • 0031917023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipofection of cultured mouse muscle cells: A direct comparison of Lipofectamine and DOSPER
    • Dodds, E., Dunckley, M.G., Naujoks, K., Michaelis, U. and Dickson, G. (1998) Lipofection of cultured mouse muscle cells: a direct comparison of Lipofectamine and DOSPER. Gene Ther., 5, 542-551.
    • (1998) Gene Ther. , vol.5 , pp. 542-551
    • Dodds, E.1    Dunckley, M.G.2    Naujoks, K.3    Michaelis, U.4    Dickson, G.5
  • 29
    • 12644268252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence-specific antitumor activity of a phosphorothioate oligodeoxyribonucleotide targeted to human c-raf kinase supports an antisense mechanism of action in vivo
    • Monia, B.P. et al. (1996) Sequence-specific antitumor activity of a phosphorothioate oligodeoxyribonucleotide targeted to human c-raf kinase supports an antisense mechanism of action in vivo. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 93, 15481-15484.
    • (1996) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.93 , pp. 15481-15484
    • Monia, B.P.1
  • 30
    • 0027092897 scopus 로고
    • Cationic lipids enhance cellular uptake and activity of phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotides
    • Bennett, C.F., Chiang, M.-Y., Chan, H., Shoemaker, J.E.E. and Mirabelli, C.K. (1992) Cationic lipids enhance cellular uptake and activity of phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotides. Mol. Pharmacol., 41, 1023-1033.
    • (1992) Mol. Pharmacol. , vol.41 , pp. 1023-1033
    • Bennett, C.F.1    Chiang, M.-Y.2    Chan, H.3    Shoemaker, J.E.E.4    Mirabelli, C.K.5
  • 33
    • 0029077840 scopus 로고
    • Characterisation of fully 2′-modified oligoribonucleotide hetero- and homoduplex hybridisation and nuclease sensitivity
    • Cummins, L.L., Owens, S.R., Risen, L.M., Lesnik, E.A., Freier, S.M., McGee, D., Guinosso, C.J. and Cook, P.D. (1995) Characterisation of fully 2′-modified oligoribonucleotide hetero- and homoduplex hybridisation and nuclease sensitivity. Nucleic Acids Res., 23, 2019-2024.
    • (1995) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.23 , pp. 2019-2024
    • Cummins, L.L.1    Owens, S.R.2    Risen, L.M.3    Lesnik, E.A.4    Freier, S.M.5    McGee, D.6    Guinosso, C.J.7    Cook, P.D.8
  • 34
    • 18844455464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Second generation of antisense oligonucleotides: From nuclease resistance to biological efficacy in animals
    • Altmann, K.H. et al. (1996) Second generation of antisense oligonucleotides: from nuclease resistance to biological efficacy in animals. Chimia, 50, 168-176.
    • (1996) Chimia , vol.50 , pp. 168-176
    • Altmann, K.H.1
  • 35
    • 0029002066 scopus 로고
    • In vivo stability and disposition of a self-stabilised oligodeoxynucleotide phosphorothioate in rats
    • Zhang, R., Lu, Z., Zhang, X., Zhao, H., Diasio, R.B., Liu, T., Jiang, Z. and Agrawal, S. (1995) In vivo stability and disposition of a self-stabilised oligodeoxynucleotide phosphorothioate in rats. Clin. Chem., 41, 836.
    • (1995) Clin. Chem. , vol.41 , pp. 836
    • Zhang, R.1    Lu, Z.2    Zhang, X.3    Zhao, H.4    Diasio, R.B.5    Liu, T.6    Jiang, Z.7    Agrawal, S.8
  • 36
    • 0029791763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Second-generation antisense oligonucleotides: Structure-activity relationships and the design of improved signal transduction inhibitors
    • Altmann, K.-H., Fabbro, D., Dean, N.M., Geiger, T., Monia, B.P., Mueller, M. and Nicklin, P. (1996b) Second-generation antisense oligonucleotides: structure-activity relationships and the design of improved signal transduction inhibitors. Biochem. Soc. Trans., 24, 630-637.
    • (1996) Biochem. Soc. Trans. , vol.24 , pp. 630-637
    • Altmann, K.-H.1    Fabbro, D.2    Dean, N.M.3    Geiger, T.4    Monia, B.P.5    Mueller, M.6    Nicklin, P.7
  • 37
    • 0028956615 scopus 로고
    • Binding, uptake and intracellular trafficking of phosphorothioate-modified oligodeoxynucleotides
    • Beltinger, C. et al. (1995) Binding, uptake and intracellular trafficking of phosphorothioate-modified oligodeoxynucleotides. J Clin. Invest., 95, 1814-1823.
    • (1995) J Clin. Invest. , vol.95 , pp. 1814-1823
    • Beltinger, C.1
  • 38
    • 0031010177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2′-O-(2-Methoxy)ethyl-modified anti-intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) oligonucleotides selectively increase the ICAM-1 mRNA level by formation of the ICAM-1 translation initiation complex in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
    • Baker, B.F., Lot, S., Condon, T.P., Cheng-Flourney, S., Lesnik, E., Sasmor, H. and Bennett, C.F. (1997) 2′-O-(2-Methoxy)ethyl-modified anti-intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) oligonucleotides selectively increase the ICAM-1 mRNA level by formation of the ICAM-1 translation initiation complex in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. J. Biol. Chem., 272, 11994-12000.
    • (1997) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.272 , pp. 11994-12000
    • Baker, B.F.1    Lot, S.2    Condon, T.P.3    Cheng-Flourney, S.4    Lesnik, E.5    Sasmor, H.6    Bennett, C.F.7
  • 40
    • 12644302203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic properties of several novel oligonucleotide analogs in mice
    • Crooke, S.T. et al. (1996) Pharmacokinetic properties of several novel oligonucleotide analogs in mice. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 277, 923-937.
    • (1996) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.277 , pp. 923-937
    • Crooke, S.T.1
  • 41
    • 0029044539 scopus 로고
    • 2′-O- and 3′-O-pyrimidine aminoether-containing oligonucleotides: Synthesis and conjugation chemistry
    • Manoharan, M., Tivel, K.L., Andrade, L.K. and Cook, P.D. (1995) 2′-O- and 3′-O-pyrimidine aminoether-containing oligonucleotides: synthesis and conjugation chemistry. Tetrahedron Lett., 36, 3647-3650.
    • (1995) Tetrahedron Lett. , vol.36 , pp. 3647-3650
    • Manoharan, M.1    Tivel, K.L.2    Andrade, L.K.3    Cook, P.D.4
  • 43
    • 0028837312 scopus 로고
    • The human dystrophin gene requires 16 hours to be transcribed and is cotranscriptionally spliced
    • Tennyson, C.N., Klamut, H.J. and Worton, R.G. (1995) The human dystrophin gene requires 16 hours to be transcribed and is cotranscriptionally spliced. Nature Genet., 9, 184-190.
    • (1995) Nature Genet. , vol.9 , pp. 184-190
    • Tennyson, C.N.1    Klamut, H.J.2    Worton, R.G.3
  • 44
    • 0018415486 scopus 로고
    • Identification of potential ovomucoid mRNA precursors in chick oviduct nuclei
    • Nordstrom, J.L., Roop, D.R., Tsai, M.J. and O'Malley, B.W. (1979) Identification of potential ovomucoid mRNA precursors in chick oviduct nuclei. Nature, 278, 328-331.
    • (1979) Nature , vol.278 , pp. 328-331
    • Nordstrom, J.L.1    Roop, D.R.2    Tsai, M.J.3    O'Malley, B.W.4
  • 45
    • 0026638903 scopus 로고
    • The frequency of revertants in mdx mouse genetic models for Duchenne muscular dystrophy
    • Danko, I., Chapman, V. and Wolff, J.A. (1992) The frequency of revertants in mdx mouse genetic models for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Pediat. Res., 32, 128-131.
    • (1992) Pediat. Res. , vol.32 , pp. 128-131
    • Danko, I.1    Chapman, V.2    Wolff, J.A.3
  • 46
    • 0027386797 scopus 로고
    • Developmental studies of dystrophin-positive fibers in mdx, and DRP localisation
    • Zhao, J., Yoshioka, K., Miike, T. and Miyatake, M. (1993) Developmental studies of dystrophin-positive fibers in mdx, and DRP localisation. J. Neurol. Sci., 114, 104-108.
    • (1993) J. Neurol. Sci. , vol.114 , pp. 104-108
    • Zhao, J.1    Yoshioka, K.2    Miike, T.3    Miyatake, M.4
  • 47
    • 0030902471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selecting effective antisense reagents on combinatorial oligonucleotide arrays
    • Milner, N., Mir, K.U. and Southern, E.M. (1997) Selecting effective antisense reagents on combinatorial oligonucleotide arrays. Nature Biotechnol., 15, 537-541.
    • (1997) Nature Biotechnol. , vol.15 , pp. 537-541
    • Milner, N.1    Mir, K.U.2    Southern, E.M.3
  • 48
    • 0025647598 scopus 로고
    • Effect of dystrophin gene deletions on mRNA levels and processing in Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies
    • Chelly, J. et al. (1990) Effect of dystrophin gene deletions on mRNA levels and processing in Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies. Cell, 63, 1239-1248.
    • (1990) Cell , vol.63 , pp. 1239-1248
    • Chelly, J.1
  • 49
    • 0029835707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defects in RNA splicing and the consequences of shortened translational reading frames
    • Maquat, L.E. (1996) Defects in RNA splicing and the consequences of shortened translational reading frames. Am. J. Hum. Genet., 59, 279-286.
    • (1996) Am. J. Hum. Genet. , vol.59 , pp. 279-286
    • Maquat, L.E.1
  • 50
    • 0029738143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stability of the human dystrophin transcript in muscle
    • Tennyson, C.N., Shi, Q. and Worton, R.G. (1996) Stability of the human dystrophin transcript in muscle. Nucleic Acids Res., 24, 3059-3064.
    • (1996) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.24 , pp. 3059-3064
    • Tennyson, C.N.1    Shi, Q.2    Worton, R.G.3
  • 51
    • 0028904169 scopus 로고
    • Genetic and biochemical normalisation in female carriers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Evidence for failure of dystrophin production in dystrophin-competent myonuclei
    • Pegoraro, E. et al. (1995) Genetic and biochemical normalisation in female carriers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy: evidence for failure of dystrophin production in dystrophin-competent myonuclei. Neurology, 45, 677-690.
    • (1995) Neurology , vol.45 , pp. 677-690
    • Pegoraro, E.1
  • 52
    • 8244233831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mild congenital muscular dystrophy in two patients with an internally deleted laminin α2 chain
    • Allamand, V. et al. (1997) Mild congenital muscular dystrophy in two patients with an internally deleted laminin α2 chain. Hum. Mol. Genet., 6, 747-752.
    • (1997) Hum. Mol. Genet. , vol.6 , pp. 747-752
    • Allamand, V.1
  • 53
    • 0030732596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of splicing in the DMD gene using antisense oligoribonucleotides
    • Dunckley, M.G., Eperon, I.C. and Dickson, G. (1997) Modulation of splicing in the DMD gene using antisense oligoribonucleotides. Nucleosides Nucleotides, 16, 1665-1668.
    • (1997) Nucleosides Nucleotides , vol.16 , pp. 1665-1668
    • Dunckley, M.G.1    Eperon, I.C.2    Dickson, G.3
  • 54
    • 0019364249 scopus 로고
    • Surface antigen differentiation during human myogenesis in culture
    • Walsh, F.S. and Ritter, M.A. (1981) Surface antigen differentiation during human myogenesis in culture. Nature, 289, 60-64.
    • (1981) Nature , vol.289 , pp. 60-64
    • Walsh, F.S.1    Ritter, M.A.2
  • 55
    • 0026570486 scopus 로고
    • Retroviral-mediated transfer of a dystrophin minigene into mdx mouse myoblasts in vitro
    • Dunckley, M.G., Davies, K.E., Walsh, F.S., Morris, G.E. and Dickson, G. (1992) Retroviral-mediated transfer of a dystrophin minigene into mdx mouse myoblasts in vitro. FEBS Lett., 296, 128-134.
    • (1992) FEBS Lett. , vol.296 , pp. 128-134
    • Dunckley, M.G.1    Davies, K.E.2    Walsh, F.S.3    Morris, G.E.4    Dickson, G.5
  • 56
    • 0023277545 scopus 로고
    • Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction
    • Chomczynski, P. and Sacchi, N. (1987) Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal. Biochem., 162, 156-159.
    • (1987) Anal. Biochem. , vol.162 , pp. 156-159
    • Chomczynski, P.1    Sacchi, N.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.