Stimulation of gene induction and cell growth by the Ras effector Rlf

EMBO Journal

Volumn 16, Issue 22, 1997, Pages 6748-6761

  Wolthuis, Rob M F ^a   De Ruiter, Nancy D ^a   Cool, Robbert H ^b   Bos, Johannes L ^a  

^a UTRECHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^b MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE OF MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY   (Germany)

Author keywords

c fos; Guanine nucleotide exchange factor; Rlf; Transcriptional activation; Transformation

Indexed keywords

GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE FACTOR; MUTANT PROTEIN; RAS PROTEIN;

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; CELL CULTURE; CELL GROWTH; CELL MEMBRANE; CELL PROLIFERATION; CELL STRAIN 3T3; CONTROLLED STUDY; GENE; GENE ACTIVITY; GENE INDUCTION; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; ONCOGENE C FOS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN PROTEIN INTERACTION; SERUM; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; TRANSACTIVATION;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 0030728532     PISSN: 02614189     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/emboj/16.22.6748     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Angel,P. and Karin,M. (1991) The role of Jun. Fos and the AP-1 complex in cell-proliferation and transformation. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1072, 129-157.
2. Burgering,B.M. and Coffer,P.J. (1995) Protein kinase B (c-Akt) in phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase signal transduction. Nature, 376, 599-602.
3. Burgering,B.M., Medema,R.H., Maassen,J.A., van de Wetering,M.L., van der Eb,A.J., McCormick,F. and Bos,J.L. (1991) Insulin stimulation of gene expression mediated by p21ras activation. EMBO J., 10, 1103-1109.
4. Cahill,M.A., Janknecht,R. and Nordheim,A. (1996) Signalling pathways: jack of all cascades. Curr. Biol., 6, 16-19.
5. Cantor,S.B., Urano,T. and Feig,L.A. (1995) Identification and characterization of Ral-binding protein 1, a potential downstream target of Ral GTPases. Mol. Cell. Biol., 15, 4578-4584.
6. Chardin,P. and Tavitian,A. (1986) The Ral gene: a new Ras-related gene isolated by the use of a synthetic probe. EMBO J., 5, 2203-2208.
7. Chardin,P. and Tavitian,A. (1989) Coding sequences of human ralA and ralB cDNAs. Nucleic Acids Res., 17, 4380.
8. Cowley,S., Paterson,H., Kemp,P. and Marshall,C.J. (1994) Activation of MAP kinase kinase is necessary and sufficient for PC 12 differentiation and for transformation of NIH 3T3 cells. Cell, 77, 841-852.
9. D'Adamo,D.R., Novick,S., Kahn,J.M., Leonardi,P. and Pellicer,A. (1997) Rsc: a novel oncogene with structural and functional homology with the gene family of exchange factors for Ral. Oncogene, 14, 1295-1305.
10. de Groot,R.P. and Kruijer,W. (1990) Transcriptional activation by TGF beta 1 mediated by the dyad symmetry element (DSE) and the TPA responsive element (TRE). Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 168, 1074-1081.
11. Downward,J. (1995) Measurement of nucleotide exchange and hydrolysis activities in immunoprecipitates. Methods Enzymol., 255, 110-117
12. Feig,L.A., Urano,T. and Cantor,S. (1996) Evidence for a Ras/Ral signaling cascade. Trends Biochem. Sci., 21, 438-441.
13. Frech,M., Schlichting,I., Wittinghofer,A. and Chardin,P. (1990) Guanine nucleotide binding properties of the mammalian RalA protein produced in Escherichia coli. J. Biol. Chem., 265, 6353-6359.
14. Han,L. and Colicelli,J. (1995) A human protein selected for interference with Ras function interacts directly with Ras and competes with Raf1. Mol. Cell. Biol., 15, 1318-1323.
15. Herrmann,C., Horn,G., Spaargaren,M. and Wittinghofer,A. (1996) Differential interaction of the ras family GTP-binding proteins H-Ras. Rap1A, and R-Ras with the putative effector molecules Raf kinase and Ral-guanine nucleotide exchange factor. J. Biol. Chem., 271, 6794-6800.
16. Hill,C.S., Wynne,J. and Treisman,R. (1995) The Rho family GTPases, RhoA, Rac1, and CDC42Hs regulate transcriptional activation by SRF. Cell, 81, 1159-1170.
17. Jelinek,T. Dent,P., Sturgill,T.W. and Weber,M.J. (1996) Ras-induced activation of Raf-1 is dependent on tyrosine phnsphorylation. Mol. Cell. Biol., 16, 1027-1034.
18. Jiang,H., Luo,J.Q., Urano,T., Frankel,P., Lu,Z., Foster,D.A. and Feig,L.A (1995) Involvement of Ral GTPase in v-Src-induced phospholipase D activation. Nature, 378, 409-412.
19. Jullien-Flores,V., Dorseuil,O., Romero,F., Letourneur,F., Saragosti,S. Berger,R., Tavitian,A., Gacon,G. and Camonis,J.H. (1995) Bridging Ral GTPase to Rho pathways. RLIP76, a Ral effector with CDC42/Rac GTPase-activating protein activity. J. Biol. Chem., 270, 22473-22477.
20. Kauffmann-Zeh,A., Rodriguez-Viciana,P., Ulrich,E., Gilbert,C. Coffer,P., Downward,J. and Evan,G. (1997) Suppression of c-Myc-induced apoptosis by Ras signalling through PI(3)K and PKB. Nature, 385, 544-548.
21. Khosravi-Far,R., White,M.A., Westwick,J.K., Solski,P.A., Chrzanowska-Wodnicka,M., Van Aelst,L., Wigler,M.H. and Der,C.J. (1996) Oncogenic Ras activation of Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase-independent pathways is sufficient to cause tumorigenic transformation. Mol. Cell. Biol., 16, 3923-3933.
22. Klippel,A., Reinhard,C., Kavanaugh,W.M., Apell,G., Escobedo,M.A. and Williams,L.T. (1996) Membrane localization of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase is sufficient to activate multiple signal-transducing kinase pathways. Mol. Cell. Biol., 16, 4117-4127.
23. Kuriyama,M. et al. (1996) Identification of AF-6 and canoe as putative targets for Ras. J. Biol. Chem., 271, 607-610.
24. Lee,T., Feig,L. and Montell,D.J. (1996) Two distinct roles for Ras in a developmentally regulated cell migration. Development, 122, 409-418.
25. Leevers,S.J., Paterson,H.F. and Marshall,C.J. (1994) Requirement for Ras in Raf activation is overcome by targeting Raf to the plasma membrane. Nature, 369, 411-414.
26. Lenzen,C., Cool,R.H. and Wittinghofer,A. (1995) Analysis of intrinsic and CDC25-stimulaled guanine nucleotide exchange of p21ras-nucleotide complexes by fluorescence measurements. Methods Enzymol., 255, 95-109.
27. Marais,R. and Marshall,C.J. (1996) Control of the ERK MAP kinase cascade by Ras and Raf. Cancer Surv., 27, 101-125.
28. Marais,R., Light,Y., Paterson,H.F. and Marshall,C.J. (1995) Ras recruits Raf-1 to the plasma membrane for activation by tyrosine phosphorylation. EMBO J., 14, 3136-3145.
29. Marais,R., Light,Y., Paterson,H.F., Mason,C.S. and Marshall,C.J. (1997) Differential regulation of Raf-1. A-Raf, and B-Raf by oncogenic ras and tyrosine kinases. J. Biol. Chem., 272, 4378-1383.
30. Marshall,C.J. (1996) Ras effectors. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol., 8, 197-204.
31. Medema,R.H., Wubbolts,R. and Bos,J.L. (1991) Two dominant inhibitory mutants of p21ras interfere with insulin-induced gene expression. Mol. Cell. Biol., 11, 5963-5967.
32. Medema,R.H., de Laat,W.L., Manin,G.A., McCormick,F. and Bos,J.L. (1992) GTPase-activating protein SH2-SH3 domains induce gene expression in a Ras-dependent fashion. Mol. Cell. Biol., 12, 3425-3430.
33. Murai,H., Ikeda,M., Kishida,S., Ishida,O., Okazaki-Kishida,M., Matsuura,Y. and Kikuchi,A. (1997) Characterization of Ral GDP dissociation stimulator-like (RGL) activities to regulate c-fos promoter and the GDP/GTP exchange of Ral. J. Biol. Chem., 272, 10483-10490.
34. Nakano,H., Yamazaki,T., Ikeda,M., Masai,H., Miyatake,S. and Saito,T. (1994) Purification or glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins as a non- degraded form by using a protease-negativc E. coli strain. AD202. Nucleic Acids Res., 22, 543-544.
35. Okazaki,M., Kishida,S., Hinoi,T., Hasegawa,J., Tamada,M., Kataoka,T. and Kikuchi,A. (1997) Synergistic activation of c-fos promoter activity by Raf and Ral GDP dissociation stimulator. Oncogene, 14, 515-521.
36. Park,S.H. and Weinberg,R.A. (1995) A putative effector of Ral has homology to Rho/Rac GTPase activating proteins. Oncogene, 11, 2349-2355.
37. Pronk,G.J. and Bos,J.L. (1994) The role of p21ras in receptor tyrosine kinase signalling. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1198, 131-147.
38. Rodriguez-Viciana,P., Warne,P.H., Vanhaesebroeck,B., Waterfield,M.D. and Downward,J. (1996) Activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase by interaction with Ras and by point mutation. EMBO J., 15, 2442-2451.
39. Rodriguez-Vieiana,P., Warne,P.H., Khwaja,A., Marte,B.M., Pappin,D.J., Das,P., Waterfield,M.D., Ridley,A. and Downward,J. (1997) Role of phosphoinositide 3-OH kinase in cell transformation and control of the actin cytoskeleton by Ras. Cell, 89, 457-467.
40. Sprinzl,M. (1994) Elongation factor Tu: a regulatory GTPase with an integrated effector. Trends Biochem. Sci., 19, 245-250.
41. Stokoe,D., MacDonald,S.G., Cadwallader,K., Symons,M. and Hancock,J.F. (1994) Activation of Raf as a result of recruitment to the plasma membrane. Science, 264, 1463-1467.
42. Treisman,R. (1992) The serum response element. Trends Biochem. Sci., 17, 423-426.
43. Treisman,R. (1996) Regulation of transcription by MAP kinase cascades. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol., 8, 205-215.
44. Urano,T., Emkey,R. and Feig,L.A. (1996) Ral-GTPases mediate a distinct downstream signaling pathway from Ras that facilitates transformation. EMBO J., 15, 810-816.
45. van Weering,D.H. and Bos,J.L. (1997) Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor induces Ret-mediated lamellipodia formation. J. Biol. Chem., 272, 249-254.
46. Vossler,M.R., Yao,H., York,R.D., Pan,M.-G., Rim,C.S. and Stork,P.J.S. (1997) cAMP activates MAP kinase and Elk-1 through a B-Raf- and Rapl-dependent pathway. Cell, 89, 73-82.
47. White,M.A., Nicolette,C., Minden,A., Polverino,A., Van Aelst,L., Karin,M. and Wigler,M.H. (1995) Multiple Ras functions can contribute to mammalian cell transformation. Cell, 80, 533-541.
48. White,M.A., Vale,T., Camonis,J.H., Schaefer,H. and Wigler,M.H. (1996) A role for the Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator in mediating Ras-induced transformation. J. Biol. Chem., 271, 16439-16442.
49. Wolthuis,R.M.E. Bauer,B., van't Veer,L.J., de Vries-Smits,A.M.M., Cool,R.H., Spaargaren,M., Wittinghofer,A., Burgering,B.M.T. and Bos,J.I., (1996) RalGDS-like factor (Rlf) is a novel Ras and Rap 1A-associating protein. Oncogene, 13, 353-362.