Purines and their roles in apoptosis

Neuropharmacology

Volumn 36, Issue 9, 1997, Pages 1149-1156

  Chow, Sek C ^a   Kass, George E N ^b   Orrenius, Sten ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SURREY   (United Kingdom)

^c KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Adenosine; Apoptosis; ATP; Caspases; Necrosis

Indexed keywords

ADENOSINE; ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE; PURINE DERIVATIVE; PURINE P2X RECEPTOR; PURINE RECEPTOR; RECEPTOR SUBUNIT;

APOPTOSIS; CELL DEATH; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PURINE METABOLISM; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

ADENOSINE; ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE; ANIMALS; APOPTOSIS; CELL LINE; HUMANS; NECROSIS; RECEPTORS, PURINERGIC P1; SECOND MESSENGER SYSTEMS;

EID: 0030700927     PISSN: 00283908     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0028-3908(97)00123-8     Document Type: Review

References (80)

1. Abbracchio M. P., Ceruti S., Barbieri D., Franceschi C., Malorni W., Biondo L., Burnstock G. and Cattabeni F. (1995) A novel action for adenosine: apoptosis of astroglial cells in rat brain primary cultures. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 213: 908-915.
2. Abbracchio M. P. and Burnstock G. (1994) Purinoceptors - are there families of P2x and P2y purinoceptors. Pharmacology and Therapeutics 64: 445-475.
3. Alnemri E. S., Livingston D. J., Nicholson D. W., Salvesen G., Thornberry N. A., Wong W. W. and Yuan J. Y. (1996) Human ICE/CED-3 protease nomenclature. Cell 87: 171.
4. 2 classes of purinoceptors in T-cell development and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte effector functions. Immunology Reviews 146: 5-19.
5. Apasov S. G., Smith P. T., Jelonek M. T., Margulies D. H. and Sitkovsky M. V. (1996) Phosphorylation of extracellular domains of T-lymphocyte surface-proteins-constitutive serine and threonine phosphorylation of the T-cell antigen receptor ectodomains. Journal of Biological Chemistry 271: 25677-25683.
6. Arends M. J. and Wyllie A. H. (1991) Apoptosis: mechanisms and roles in pathology. International Review of Experimental Pathology 32: 223-254.
7. Bellomo G., Nicotera P. and Orrenius S. (1984) Alterations in intracellular calcium compartmentation following inhibition of calcium efflux from isolated hepatocytes. European Journal of Biochemistry 144: 19-23.
8. Blanchard D. K., Wei S., Duan C., Pericle F., Diaz J. I. and Djeu J. Y. (1995) Role of extracellular adenosine triphosphate in the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated lysis of antigen presenting cells. Blood 85: 3173-3182.
9. Brown D. G., Sun X.-M. and Cohen G. M. (1993) Dexamethasone-induced apoptosis involves cleavage of DNA to large fragments prior to internucleosomal fragmentation. Journal of Biological Chemistry 268: 3037-3039.
10. 3 receptor agonists on astrocytes: induction of cell protection at low and cell death at high concentrations. Drug Development Research 37: 177.
11. Chinnaiyan A. M., Orourke K., Lane B. R. and Dixit V. M. (1997) Interaction of ced-4 with ced-3 and ced-9: a molecular framework for cell death. Science 275: 1122-1126.
12. 2Z receptor in spontaneous cell death in J774 macrophage cultures. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 218: 176-181.
13. Chow S. C., Weis M., Kass G. E. N., Holmström T. H., Eriksson J. E. and Orrenius S. (1995) Involvement of multiple proteases during Fas-mediated apoptosis in T lymphocytes. FEBS Letters 364: 134-138.
14. 2X1, in thymocyte apoptosis. Immunity 5: 275-283.
15. Cohen G. M., Sun X.-M., Snowden R. T., Dinsdale D. and Skilleter D. N. (1992) Key morphological features of apoptosis may occur in the absence of internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Biochemical Journal 286: 331-334.
16. Collis M. G. and Hourani S. M. O. (1993) Adenosine receptor subtypes. Trends in Pharmacological Science 14: 360-366.
17. Cossarizza A., Kalashnikova G., Grassilli E., Chiappelli F., Salvioli S., Capri M., Barbieri D., Troiano L., Monti D. and Franceschi C. (1994) Mitochondrial modifications during rat thymocyte apoptosis: a study at the single cell level. Experimental Cell Research 214: 323-330.
18. Crompton T. (1991) IL3-dependent cells die by apoptosis on removal of their growth factor. Growth Factors 4: 109-116.
19. 2 receptor stimulation of human neutrophils inhibits programmed cell death (apoptosis). Circulation 88: 545.
20. Dawicki D. D., Rounds S., Chatterjee D. and Wyche J. H. (1995) Extracellular ATP and adenosine cause endothelial cell apoptosis. FASEB Journal 10: 1034.
21. Deckwerth T. L. and Johnson E. M. Jr. (1993) Temporal analysis of events associated with programmed cell death (apoptosis) of sympathetic neurons deprived of nerve growth factor. Journal of Cell Biology 123: 1207-1222.
22. Di Virgilio F., Bronte V., Collavo D. and Zanovello P. (1989) Responses of mouse lymphocytes to extracellular adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP). Lymphocytes with cytotoxic activity are resistant to the permeabilizing effects of ATP. Journal of Immunology 143: 1955-1960.
23. Di Virgilio F., Pizzo P., Zanovello P., Bronte V. and Collavo D. (1990) Extracellular ATP as a possible mediator of cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Immunology Today 11: 274-277.
24. Ellis R. E., Yuan J. and Horvitz H. R. (1991) Mechanisms and functions of cell death. Annual Review of Cell Biology 7: 663-698.
25. Fernandes-Alnemri T., Armstrong R. C., Krebs J., Srinivasula S. M., Wang L., Bullrich F., Fritz L. C., Trapani J. A., Tomaselli K. J., Litwack G. and Alnemri E. S. (1996) In-vitro activation of CPP32 and Mch3 by Mch4, a novel human apoptotic cysteine protease containing 2 Fadd-like domains. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the U.S.A. 93: 7464-7469.
26. Filippini A., Taffs R. E. and Sitkovsky M. V. 1990b Extracellular ATP in T-lymphocyte activation: possible role in effector functions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the U.S.A. 87: 8267-8271.
27. Filipski J., Leblanc J., Youdale T., Sikorska M. and Walker P. R. (1990) Periodicity of DNA folding in higher order chromatin structures. EMBO Journal 9: 1319-1327.
28. Fredholm B. B., Abbracchio M. P., Burnstock G., Daly J. W., Harden T. K., Jacobson K. A., Leff P. and Williams M. (1994) Nomenclature and classification of purinoceptors. Pharmacology Reviews 46: 143-156.
29. Fredholm B. B., Abbracchio M. P., Burnstock G., Rubyak G. R., Harden T. K., Jacobson K. A., Schwabe U. and Williams M. (1997) Towards a revised nomenclature for P1 and P2 receptors. TIPS 18: 79-82.
30. Henkart P. A. (1996) ICE family proteases - mediators of all apoptotic cell-death? Immunity 4: 195-201.
31. 2X purinoceptor is not important in thymocyte apoptosis. Immunology Letters 49: 197-201.
32. Kameoka J., Tanaka T., Nojima Y., Schlossman S. E. and Morimoto C. (1993) Direct association of adenosine deaminase with a T cell activation activaiton antigen, CD26. Science 261: 466-469.
33. Kass G. E., Juedes M. J. and Orrenius S. (1992) Cyclosporin A protects hepatocytes against prooxidant-induced cell killing. A study on the role of mitochondrial Ca2 + cycling in cytotoxicity. Biochemical Pharmacology 44: 1995-2003.
34. Kass G. E. N., Eriksson J. E., Weis M., Orrenius S. and Chow S. C. (1996) Chromatin condensation during apoptosis requires ATP. Biochemical Journal 318: 749-752.
35. Kägi D., Ledermann B., Burki K., Seiler P., Odermatt B., Olsen K. J., Podack E. R., Zinkernagel R. M. and Hengartner H. (1994) Cytotoxicity mediated by T-cells and natural killer cells is greatly impaired in perform deficient mice. Nature 369: 31-37.
36. Kerr, J. F. R., Searle, J., Harmon, B. V. and Bishop, C. J. (1987) Apoptosis. In Perspectives on Mammalian Cell Death, ed. C.S. Potten, pp. 93-128. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
37. Kizaki H., Suzuki K., Tadakuma T. and Ishimura Y. (1990) Adenosine receptor-mediated accumulation of cyclic AMP-induced T-lymphocyte death through internucleosomal DNA cleavage. Journal of Biological Chemistry 265: 5280-5284.
38. Klas C., Debatin K.-M., Jonker R. R. and Krammer P. (1993) Activation interferes with the APO-1 pathway in mature human T cells. International Immunology 5: 625-630.
39. Kohno Y., Sei Y., Koshiba M., Kim H. O. and Jacobson K. A. (1996) Induction of apoptosis in HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia-cells by adenosine A3 receptor agonists. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 219: 904-910.
40. Kojima H., Shinohara N., Hanaoka S., Someya-Shirota Y., Takagaki Y., Ohno H., Saito T., Katayama T., Yagita H., Okumura K., Shinkai Y., Alt F. W., Matsuzawa A., Yonehara S. and Takayama H. (1994) Two distinct pathways of specific killing revealed by perform mutant cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. Immunity 1: 357-364.
41. Koshiba M., Apasov S., Sverdlov V., Chen P., Erb L., Turner J. T., Weisman G. A. and Sitkovsky M. V. (1997) Transient up-regulation of P2Y2 nucleotide receptor mRNA expression is an immediate early gene response in activated thymocytes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the U.S.A. 94: 831-836.
42. Macino B., Zambon A., Milan G., Cabrelle A., Ruzzene M., Rosato A., Mandruzzato S., Quintieri L., Zanovello P. and Collavo D. (1996) CD45 regulates apoptosis induced by extracellular adenosine triphosphate and cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 226: 769-776.
43. Neary J. T., Rathbone M. P., Cattabeni F., Abbracchio M. P. and Burnstock G. (1996) Trophic actions of extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides on glial and neuronal cells. Trends in Neuroscience 19: 13-18.
44. 2+ is mediated by the activation of a non-lysosomal proteolytic system. FEBS Letters 209: 139-144.
45. Oberhammer F., Wilson J. W., Dive C., Morris I. D., Hickman J. A., Wakeling A. E., Walker P. R. and Sikorska M. (1993) Apoptotic death in epithelial cells: cleavage of DNA to 300 and/or 50kb fragments prior to or in the absence of internucleosomal fragmentation. EMBO Journal 12: 3679-3684.
46. Ogasawara J., Watanabe-Fukunaga R., Adachi M., Matsuzawa A., Kasugai T., Kitamura Y., Itoh N., Suda T. and Nagata S. (1993) Lethal effect of the anti-Fas antibody in mice. Nature 364: 806-809.
47. Orrenius S. and Nicotera P. (1994) The calcium ion and cell death. Journal of Neural Transmission Supplement 43: 1-11.
48. Orrenius, S., Burgess, D. H., Hampton, M. B. and Zhivotovsky, B. (1997) Mitochondria as the focus of apoptosis research. Cell Death and Differentiation 4: 427-428.
49. Orth K., O'Rourke K., Salvesen G. S. and Dixit V. M. (1996) Molecular ordering of apoptotic mammalian CED-3/ICE-like proteases. Journal of Biological Chemistry 271: 20977-20980.
50. Owens G. P., Hahn W. E. and Cohen J. J. (1991) Identification of mRNAs associated with programmed cell death in immature thymocytes. Molecular and Cellular Biology 11: 4177-4188.
51. Perregaux D. and Gabel C. A. (1994) Interleukin-1β maturation and release in response to ATP and nigericin: evidence that potassium depletion by these agents is a necessary and common feature of their activity. Journal of Biological Chemistry 269: 15195-15203.
52. Ratter F., Germer M., Fischbach T., Schulze-Osthoff K., Peter M. E., Droge W., Krammer P. H. and Lehmann V. (1996) S-adenosylhomocysteine as a physiological modulator of APO-1 mediated apoptosis. International Immunology 8: 1139-1147.
53. 2+ and pH. Journal of Immunology 147: 3638-3645.
54. Richter C., Schweizer M., Cossarizza A. and Franceschi C. (1996) Control of apoptosis by the cellular ATP level. FEBS Letters 378: 107-110.
55. 2+ independent T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Journal of Experimental Medicine 177: 195-200.
56. Schulz J. B., Weller M. and Klockgether T. (1996) Potassium deprivation-induced apoptosis of cerebral granule neurons: a sequential requirement for new mRNA and protein synthesis, ICE-like protease activity and reactive oxygen species. Journal of Neuroscience 16: 4696-4706.
57. Smets L. A., Van den Berg J., Acton D., Top B., Van Rooij H. and Verwijs-Janssen M. (1994) Bcl-2 expression and mitochondrial activity in leukemic-cells with different sensitivity to glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis. Blood 84: 1613-1619.
58. Sun X.-M., Snowden R. T., Dinsdale D., Ormerod M. G. and Cohen G. M. (1994) Changes in nuclear chromatin precede internucleosomal DNA cleavage in the induction of apoptosis by etoposide. Biochemical Pharmacology 47: 187-195.
59. 7). Science 272: 735-738.
60. Szondy Z. (1994) Adenosine stimulates DNA fragmentation in human thymocytes by Ca(2+)-mediated mechanisms. Biochemical Journal 304: 877-885.
61. Szondy Z. (1995) The 2-chlorodeoxyadenosirte-induced cell-death signaling pathway in human thymocytes is different from that induced by 2-chloroadenosine. Biochemical Journal 311: 585-588.
62. Takahashi A., Alnemri E. S., Lazebnik Y. A., Fernandes-Alnemri T., Litwack G., Moir R. D., Goldman R. D., Poirier G. G., Kaufmann S. H. and Earnshaw W. C. (1996) Cleavage of lamin A by Mch2α but not CPP32-multiple interleukin 1β-converting enzyme-related proteases with distinct substrate recognition properties are active in apoptosis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the U.S.A. 93: 8395-8400.
63. Tanaka Y., Yoshihara K., Tsuyuki M. and Kamiya T. (1994) Apoptosis induced by adenosine in human leukemia HL-60 cells. Experimental Cellular Research 213: 242-252.
64. Tinton S. A., Lefebvre V. H., Cousin O. C. and Buc-Calderon P. M. (1993) Cytolytic effects and biochemical changes induced by extracellular ATP to isolated hepatocytes. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1176: 1-6.
65. Tinton S. and Buc-Calderon P. (1995) Homocysteine enhances the inhibitory effect of extracellular adenosine on the synthesis of proteins in isolated rat hepatocytes. Biochemical Journal 310: 893-896.
66. Tinton S. A., Chow S. C., Buc-Calderon P. M., Kass G. E. and Orrenius S. (1995) Adenosine inhibits protein synthesis in isolated rat hepatocytes. Evidence for a lack of involvement of intracellular calcium in the mechanism of inhibition. European Journal of Biochemistry 229: 419-425.
67. Tinton S. A., Chow S. C., Buc-Calderon P. M. and Kass G. E. N. (1996) Adenosine stimulates calcium influx in isolated hepatocytes. European Journal of Biochemistry 238: 576-581.
68. Trenn G., Takayama H. and Sitkovsky M. V. (1987) Exocytosis of cytolytic granules may not be required for target cell lysis by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. Nature 330: 72-74.
69. Valera S., Hussy N., Evans R. J., Adami N., North R. A., Surprenant A. and Buell G. N. (1994) A new class of ligand-gated ion channel defined by P2X receptor for extracellular ATP. Nature 371: 516-519.
70. Valera S., Talabot F., Evans R. J., Gos A., Antonarakis S. E., Morris M. and Buell G. N. (1995) Characterisation of a human P2X receptor from urinary bladder. Receptor Channels 3: 283-289.
71. Wakade T. D., Palmer K. C., Mccauley R., Przywara D. A. and Wakade A. R. (1995) Adenosine-induced apoptosis in chick embryonic sympathetic neurons - a new physiological-role for adenosine. Journal of Physiology 488: 123-138.
72. Walev I., Reskel K., Palmer M., Valeva A. and Bhakdi S. (1995) Potassium-inhibited processing of IL-1beta in human monocytes. EMBO Journal 14: 1607-1614.
73. Walker P. R., Weaver V. M., Lach B., Leblanc J. and Sikorska M. (1994) Endonuclease activities associated with high molecular weight and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation in apoptosis. Experimental Cell Research 213: 100-106.
74. Weis M., Schlegel J., Kass G. E. N., Holmström T. H., Peters I., Eriksson J., Orrenius S. and Chow S. C. (1995) Cellular events in Fas/APO-1-mediated apoptosis in JURKAT T lymphocytes. Experimental Cell Research 219: 699-708.
75. Wong G. H. W. and Goeddel D. V. (1994) Fas antigen and p55 TNF receptor signal apoptosis through distinct pathways. Journal of Immunology 152: 1751-1755.
76. Wu D. Y., Wallen H. D. and Nunez G. (1997) Interaction and regulation of subcellular localization of ced-4 by ced-9. Science 215: 1126-1129.
77. Zambon A., Bronte V., Divirgilio F., Hanau S., Steinberg T. H., Collavo D. and Zanovello P. (1994) Role of extracellular ATP in cell-mediated cytotoxicity: a study with ATP-sensitive and ATP-resistant macrophages. Cellular Immunology 156: 458-467.
78. Zanovello P., Bronte V., Rosato A., Pizzo P. and Di Virgilio F. (1990) Response of mouse lymphocytes to extracellular ATP. II. Extracellular ATP causes cell type-dependent lysis and DNA fragmentation. Journal of Immunology 145: 1545-1550.
79. Zhivotovsky B. Z., Burgess D. H., Vanags D. M. and Orrenius S. (1997) Involvement of cellular proteolytic machinery in apoptosis. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 230: 481-488.
80. 2Z receptor in calcium-dependent cell killing of isolated rat hepatocytes by extracellular adenosine triphosphate. Hepatology 23: 858-865