The role of phosphometabolites in cell proliferation, energy metabolism, and tumor therapy

Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes

Volumn 29, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 315-330

  Mazurek, S ^a   Boschek, C B ^a   Eigenbrodt, E ^a  

^a JUSTUS LIEBIG UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

AMP; Apoptosis; Glutaminolysis; Glycolysis; Hydrogen shuttles; NADH; NADPH; Phosphometabolites; Pyruvate kinase type M2; Tumor therapy

Indexed keywords

CYTIDINE TRIPHOSPHATE; PHOSPHORIBOSYL PYROPHOSPHATE; REDUCED NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE; REDUCED NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE; URIDINE DIPHOSPHATE N ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE; URIDINE TRIPHOSPHATE;

CANCER THERAPY; CELL PROLIFERATION; ENERGY RESOURCE; GLYCOLYSIS; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; REVIEW; TUMOR;

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; APOPTOSIS; CELL DIVISION; ENERGY METABOLISM; GLUTAMINE; GLYCOLYSIS; HUMANS; NEOPLASM METASTASIS; NEOPLASMS; PHOSPHATES;

EID: 0030683603     PISSN: 0145479X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1022490512705     Document Type: Review

References (211)

1. Ahn, Y. S., Zerban, H., Grobholz, R., and Bannasch, P. (1992). Carcinogenesis 13, 2329-2334.
2. Annesley, T. M., and Walker, J. B. (1978). J. Biol. Chem. 253, 8120-8125.
3. Armstrong, D. K., Kaufmann, S. H., Ottaviano, Y. L., Furuya, Y., Buckley, J. A., Isaacs, J. T., and Davidson, N. E. (1994). Cancer Res. 54, 5280-5283.
4. Arora, K. K., and Pedersen, P. L. (1988). J. Biol. Chem. 263, 17422-17428.
5. Arrick, B. A., Lopez, A. R., Elfman, F., Ebner, R., Damsky, C. H., and Derynck, R. (1992). J. Cell Biol. 118, 715-726.
6. Ashizawa, K., Willingham, M. C., Liang, C.-M., and Cheng, S-y. (1992). J. Biol. Chem. 266, 16842-16846.
7. Balinsky, D., Platz, C. E., and Lewis, J. W. (1983). Cancer Res. 43, 5895-5901.
8. Balk, S. D., Whitfield, J. F., Youdale, T., and Braun, A. C. (1973). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 70, 675-679.
9. Banki, K., Hutter, E., Colombo, E., Gonchoroff, N.J., and Perl, A. (1996). J. Biol. Chem. 271, 32994-33001.
10. Bannasch, P. (1996). In Progress in Liver Diseases, Vol. XIV (Boyer, J. L., and Ockner, R. K., eds), W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, pp. 161-197.
11. Barbehenn, E. K., Masterson, E., Kon, S.-W., Passonneau, J. V., and Chader, G. J. (1984). J. Cell. Physiol. 118, 262-266.
12. Baumann, M., Jezussek, D., Richter, R.-T., and Brand, K. (1988). Cancer Res. 48, 2998-3001.
13. Becker, S., and Schneider, F. (1989). Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 370, 357-364.
14. Beckner, M. E., Stracke, M. L., Liotta, L. A., and Schiffmann, E. (1990). J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 82, 1836-1840.
15. Ben-Horin, H., Tassini, M., Vivi, A., Navon, G., and Kaplan, O. (1995). Cancer Res. 55, 2814-2821.
16. Bereiterhahn, J., Stubig, C., and Heymann, V. (1995). Exp. Cell Res. 218, 551-560.
17. Berger, S. J., Sudar, D. C., and Berger, N. A. (1986). Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 134, 227-232.
18. Berger, N. A., Berger, S. J., Sudar, D. C., and Distelhorst, C. W. (1987). J. Clin. Invest. 79, 1558-1563.
19. Board, M., Humm, S., and Newsholme, E. A. (1990). Biochem. J. 265, 503-509.
20. Board, M., Colquhoun, A., and Newsholme, E. A. (1995). Cancer Res. 55, 3278-3285.
21. Boitier, E., Merad-Boudia, M., Guguen-Guillouzo, C., Defer, N., Ceballos-Picot, I., Leroux, J.-P., and Marsac, C. (1995). Cancer Res. 55, 3028-3035.
22. Bouton, C., Raveau, M., and Drapier, J.-C. (1996). J. Biol. Chem. 271, 2300-2306.
23. Brand, K. (1985). Biochem. J. 228, 353-361.
24. Brand, K., and Deckner, K. (1970). Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem. 351, 711-717.
25. Brand, K., Leibold, W., Luppa, P., Schoerner, C., and Schulz, A. (1986). Immunobiol. 173, 23-34.
26. Brand, K., von Hintzenstein, J., Langer, K., and Fekl, W. (1987). J. Cell. Physiol. 132, 559-564.
27. Brinck, U., Eigenbrodt, E., Oehmke, M., Mazurek, S., and Fischer, G. (1994). Virchows Arch. B 424, 177-185.
28. Burke, R. E., Harris, S. C., and McGuire, W. L. (1978). Cancer Res. 38, 2773-2776.
29. Camara, J., Galera, C., Valverde, I., and Malaisse, W. J. (1987). Diabetes Res. 17, 67-71.
30. Camussi, G., Albano, E., Tetta, C., and Bussolino, F. (1991). Eur. J. Biochem. 202, 3-14.
31. Carney, D. N., Marangos, P. J., Inde, D., Bunn, P. A., Jr., Cohen, M. H., Minna, J. D., and Gazdar, A.F. (1982). Lancet 3, 583-585.
32. Castiglione, S., Fanciulli, M., Bruno, T., Evangelista, M., Del Carlo, C., Paggi, M. G., Chersi, A., and Floridi, A. (1993). Anticancer Drugs 4, 407-414.
33. Chatterjee, S., Hirschler, N. V., Petzold, S. J., Berger, S. J., and Berger, N. A. (1989). Exp. Cell Res. 184, 1-15.
34. Chernova, O. B., Chernov, M. V., Agarwal, M. L. Taylor, W. R., and Stark, G. R. (1995). Trends Biochem. Sci. 20, 431-434.
35. Collet, V., Carrez, D., Croisy, A., and Dimicoli, J.L. (1996). NMR Biomed. 9, 47-52.
36. Cornelissen, J., Wanders, R. J. A., Van Gennip, A. H., Van den Bogert, C., Voûte, P. A. and Van Kuilenburg, A. B. P. (1995). Biochem. Pharmacol. 49, 471-477.
37. Cumme, G. A., Bublitz, R., and Horn, A. (1981). Eur. J. Biochem. 115, 59-65.
38. Diamond, I., Legg, A., Schneider, J. A., and Rozengurt, E. (1978). J. Biol. Chem. 253, 866-871.
39. Dijkmans, R., and Billiau, A. (1991). Eur. J. Biochem. 202, 151-159.
40. Eigenbrodt, E., and Glossmann, H. (1980). Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 1, 240-245.
41. Eigenbrodt, E., Mostafa, M. A.-F., and Schoner, W. (1977). HoppeSeyler's Z. Physiol. Chem. 358, 1047-1055.
42. Eigenbrodt, E., Fister, P., Rübsamen, H., and Friis, R. R. (1983a). EMBO J. 2, 1565-1570.
43. Eigenbrodt, E., Leib, S., Krämer, W., Friis, R. R., and Schoner, W. (1983b). Biomed. Biochim. Acta 42, 278-282.
44. Eigenbrodt, E., Fister, P., and Reinacher, M. (1985). In Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism, Vol. 2 (Beitner, R., ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, pp. 141-179.
45. Eigenbrodt, E., Reinacher, M., Scheefers-Borchel, U., Scheefers, H., and Friis, R. R. (1992). In Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis, Vol. 3 (Perucho, M., ed.), CRC-Press, Boca Raton, Florida, pp. 91-115.
46. Eigenbrodt, E., Gerbracht, U., Mazurek, S., Presek, P., and Friis, R. R. (1994). In Biochemical and Molecular Aspects of Selected Cancers, Vol. 2 (Pretlow, T. G., and Pretlow, T. P., eds.), Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 311-385.
47. Epner, D. E., Partin, A. W., Schalken, J. A., Isaacs, J. T., and Coffey, D. S. (1993). Cancer Res. 53, 1995-1997.
48. Fanciulli, M., Paggi, M. G., Bruno, T., Del Carlo, C., Bonetto, F., Gentile, F.P., and Floridi, A. (1994). Oncol. Res. 6, 405-409.
49. Fanciulli, M., Valentini, A., Bruno, T., Citro, G., Zupi, G., and Floridi, A. (1996). Oncol. Res. 8, 111-120.
50. Fearon, K. C., Plumb, J. A., Burns, H. J., and Calman, K. C. (1987). Cancer Res. 47, 3684-3687.
51. Ferretti, A., Chen, L. L., Di Vito, M., Barca, S., Tombesi, M., Cianfriglia, M., Bozzi, A., Strom, R., and Podo, F. (1993). Anticancer Res. 13, 867-872.
52. Fister, P., Eigenbrodt, E., and Schoner, W. (1982). FEBS Lett. 139, 27-31.
53. Floridi, A., and Lehninger, A. L. (1983). Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 226, 73-83.
54. Floridi, A., Paggi, M. G., D'Atri, S., DeMartino, C., Marcante, M. L., Silvestrini, B., and Caputo, A. (1981). Cancer Res. 41, 4661-4666.
55. Floridi, A., Barbieri, R., Pulselli, R., Fanciulli, M., and Arcuri, E. (1994). Oncol. Res. 6, 593-601.
56. Freerksen, D. L., Schroedl, N. A., and Hartzell, C. R. (1984). J. Cell. Physiol. 120, 126-134.
57. Freitas, I., Beitone, V., Griffini, P., Accossato, P., Baronzio, G. F., Pontiggia, P., and Stoward, P. J. (1991). Anticancer Res. 11, 1293-1300.
58. Gaal, J. C., Smith, K. R., and Pearson, C. K. (1987). Trends Biochem. Sci. 4, 129-130.
59. Gaertner, A., Mayr, G. W., and Wegner, A. (1991). Eur. J. Biochem. 198, 67-71.
60. Garland, J. M., and Halestrap, A. (1997). J. Biol. Chem. 272, 4680-4688.
61. Gauthier, T., Denis-Pouxviel, C., and Murat, J. C. (1989). Int. J. Biochem. 21, 191-196.
62. Gerbracht, U., Roth, E., Becker, K., Reinacher, M., and Eigenbrodt, E. (1988). In Experimental Hepatocarcinogenesis (Roberfroid, M., and Preat, F., eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 163-174.
63. Gerbracht, U., Einig, C., Oesterle, D., Demi, E., Schlatterer, B., and Eigenbrodt, E. (1990). Carcinogenesis 11, 2111-2115.
64. Gerbracht, U., Eigenbrodt, E., Simile, M. M., Pascale, R. M., Gaspa, L., Daino, L., Seddaiu, M. A., De Miglio, M. R., Nufris, A., and Feo, F. (1993). Anticancer Res. 13, 1965-1972.
65. Gessner, T., Vaughan, L. A., Beehler, B. C., Bartels, C. J., and Baker, R. M. (1990). Cancer Res. 50, 3921-3927.
66. Ghose, A. K., Viswanadhan, V. N., Sanghvi, Y. S., Nord, L. D., Willis, R. C., Revankar, G. R., and Robins, R. K. (1989). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 8242-8246.
67. Girgis, S., Suh, J. R., Jolivet, J., and Stover, P. J. (1997). J. Biol. Chem. 272, 4729-4734.
68. Glaser, G., Giloh, H., Kasir, J., Gross, M., and Mager, J. (1980). Biochem. J. 192, 793-800.
69. Goldberg, E. B., and Colowick, S. P. (1965). J. Biol. Chem. 240, 2786-2790.
70. Goldberg, E. B., Nitowsky, H. M., and Colowick, S. P. (1965). J. Biol. Chem. 240, 2791-2796.
71. González-Mateos, F., Gómez, M.-E., García-Salguero, L., Sánchez, V., and Aragón, J. J. (1993). J. Biol. Chem. 268, 7809-7817.
72. Goossens, V., Grooten, J., and Fiers, W. (1996). J. Biol. Chem. 271, 192-196.
73. Groelke, J., and Amos, H. (1984). J. Cell. Physiol. 119, 133-136.
74. Hamilton, E., Fennell, M., and Stafford, D. M. (1995). Acta Oncol. 34, 429-433.
75. Hance, A. J., Robin, E. D., Simon, L. M., and Alexander, S. (1980). J. Clin. Invest. 66, 1258-1264.
76. Hannun, Y. A. (1994). J. Biol. Chem. 269, 3125-3128.
77. Henderson, J. F., Scott, F. W., and Lowe, J. K. (1981). Pharmacol Ther. 8, 573-604.
78. Hennipman, A., van Oirschot, B. A., Smits, J., Rijksen, G., and Staal, G. E. J. (1989). Cancer Res. 49, 516-521.
79. Hess, B. (1983). Hoppe-Seyler's Physiol. Chem. 364, 1-20.
80. Hilf, R., Wittliff, J. L., Rector, W. D., Savlov, E. D., Hall, T. C., and Orlando, R. A. (1973). Cancer Res. 33, 2054-2062.
81. Hockenbery, D. M., Oltvai, Z. N., Yin, X.-M., Milliman, C. L., and Korsmeyer, S. J. (1993). Cell 75, 241-251.
82. Hornsby, P. J., and Gill, G. N. (1981). J. Cell Physiol. 109, 111-120.
83. Hoshino, J., Schalge, S., Drevenstedt, B., and Kröger, H. (1990). Biochem. Int. 20, 135-145.
84. Hovi, T., Vaheri, A., and Allison, A. C. (1979). FEBS Lett. 103, 43-46.
85. Hsu, D. K. W., Donohue, P. J., Alberts, G. F., and Winkles, J. A. (1993). Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 197, 1483-1491.
86. Hue, L., and Rider, M. H. (1987). Biochem. J. 245, 313-324.
87. Hugo, F., Mazurek, S., Zander, U., and Eigenbrodt, E. (1992). J. Cell. Physiol. 153, 539-549.
88. Hyslop, P. A., Hinshaw, D. B., Halsey, W. A., Jr., Schraufstätter, I. U., Sauerheber, R. D., Spragg, R. G., Jackson, J.H., and Cochrane, C. G. (1988). J. Biol. Chem. 263, 1665-1675.
89. Ibsen, K. H., Chiu, R. H.-C., Park, H. R., Sanders, D. A., Roy, S., Garratt, K. N., and Mueller, M. K. (1981). Biochemistry 20, 1497-1506.
90. Ishijima, S., Kita, K., Kinoshita, N., Ishizuka, T., Suzuki, N., and Tatibana, M. (1988). J. Biochem. 104, 570-575.
91. Just, G., and Holler, E. (1991). Biochem. Pharmacol. 42, 285-294.
92. Kallinowski, F., Schlenger, K. H., Runkel, S., Kloes, M., Stohrer, M., Okunieff, P., and Vaupel, P. (1989). Cancer Res. 49, 3759-3764.
93. Kaminskas, E., and Nussey, A. C. (1978). Cancer Res. 38, 2989-2996.
94. Kaplan, O., Jaroszewski, J. W., Faustino, P. J., Zugmaier, G., Ennis, B. W., Lippman, M., and Cohen, J. S. (1990a). J. Biol. Chem. 265, 13641-13649.
95. Kaplan, O., Navon, G., Lyon, R. C., Faustino, P. J., Straka, E. J., and Cohen, J. S. (1990b). Cancer Res. 50, 544-551.
96. Katunuma, N., Kuroda, Y., Matsuda, Y., and Kobayashi, K. (1972). GANN Monogr. Cancer Res. 13, 135-141.
97. Katz, N., Immenschuh, S., Gerbracht, U., Eigenbrodt, E., Föllmann, W., Petzinger, E. (1992). Eur. J. Cell Biol. 57, 117-123.
98. Kedryna, T., Guminska, M., and Marchut, E. (1983). Biochim. Biophys. Acta 763, 64-71.
99. Kedryna, T., Guminska, M., and Marchut, E. (1990). Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1039, 130-133.
100. King, M. P., and Attardi, G. (1989). Science 246, 500-503.
101. Koppitz, B., Vogel, F., and Mayr, G. W. (1986). Eur. J. Biochem. 161, 421-433.
102. Krippner, A., Matsuno-Yagi, A., Gottlieb, R. A., and Babior, B. M. (1996). J. Biol. Chem. 271, 21629-21636.
103. Lanks, K. W. (1987). J. Biol. Chem. 262, 10093-10097.
104. Lanks, K. W., and Li, P.-W. (1988). J. Cell. Physiol. 135, 151-155.
105. Lanks, K. W., Hitti, I. F., and Chin, N. W. (1986). J. Cell. Physiol. 127, 451-456.
106. Larm, J. A., Vaillant, F., Linnane, A. W., and Lawen, A. (1994). J. Biol. Chem. 269, 30097-30100.
107. Ledda-Columbano, G. M., Columbano, A., Dessi, S., Coni, P., Chiodino, C., and Pani, P. (1985). Carcinogenesis (London) 6, 1371-1373.
108. Lewis, J. A., Huq, A., and Najarro, P. (1996). J. Biol. Chem. 271, 13184-13190.
109. Li, J. J., Oberley, L. W., St. Clair, D.K., Ridnour, L. A., and Oberley, T. D. (1995). Oncogene 10, 1989-2000.
110. Lillie, J. W., O'Keefe, M., Valinski, H., Hamlin, H. A., Jr., Varban, M. L., and Kaddurah-Daouk, R. (1993). Cancer Res. 53, 3172-3178.
111. Lin, H., Falchetto, R., Mosca, P. J., Shabanowitz, J., Hunt, D. F., and Hamlin, J. L. (1996). J. Biol. Chem. 271, 2548-2556.
112. Löffler, M. (1989). Exp. Cell Res. 182, 673-680.
113. López-Alarcón, L., Eboli, M. L., De Liberali, E., Palombini, G., and Galeotti, T. (1979). Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 192, 391-395.
114. Los, M., Van de Craen, M., Penning, L. C., Schenk, H., Westendorp, M., Baeuerle, P. A., Dröge, W., Krammer, P. H., Fiers, W., and Schulze-Osthoff, K. (1995). Nature 375, 81-83.
115. Lyon, R. C., Cohen, J. S., Faustino, P. J., Megnin, F., and Myers, C. E. (1988). Cancer Res. 48, 870-877.
116. MacDonald, M. J., Warner, T. F., and Mertz, R.J . (1990). Cancer Res. 50, 7203-7205.
117. Maiti, I. B., Comba de Souza, A., and Thirion, J. P. (1981). Somatic Cell. Genet. 7, 567-582.
118. Marchok, A. C., Huang, S. F., and Martin, D. H. (1984). Carcinogenesis (London) 5, 789-796.
119. Marks, D. I., and Fox, R. M. (1991). Biochem. Phamacol. 42, 1859-1867.
120. Martin, S. J., Green, D. R., and Cotter, T. G. (1994a). Trends Biochem. Sci. 19, 26-30.
121. Martin, D. S., Stolfi, R. L., Colofiore, J. R., Nord, L.D., and Sternberg, S. (1994b). Cancer Invest. 12, 296-307.
122. Matsuno, T., and Goto, I. (1992). Cancer Res. 52, 1192-1194.
123. Mäueler, W., Eigenbrodt, E., Schartl, M., and Anders, F. (1987). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 88, 481-490.
124. Mazurek, S., Hugo, F., Failing, K., and Eigenbrodt, E. (1996). J. Cell. Physiol. 167, 238-250.
125. Mazurek, S., Michel, A., and Eigenbrodt, E. (1997). J. Biol. Chem. 272, 4941-4952.
126. McKeehan, W. L. (1982). Cell Biol. Int. Rep. 6, 635-650.
127. Medina, M. A., Sánchez-Jiménez, F., and Núñez de Castro, I. (1990). Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 371, 625-629.
128. Meienhofer, M. C., Dreyfus, J.-C., and Kahn, A. (1983). Biochem. J. 214, 195-201.
129. Miccadei, S., Faniciulli, M., Bruno, T., Paggi, M. G., and Floridi, A. (1996). Oncol. Res. 8, 27-35.
130. Miller, E. E., Evans, A. E., and Cohn, M. (1993). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 3304-3308.
131. Modica-Napolitano, J. S., Koyo, K., Weisberg, E., Brunelli, B. T., Li, Y., and Chen, L. B. (1996). Cancer Res. 56, 544-550.
132. Mojena, M., Bosca, L., Rider, M. H., Rousseau, G. G., and Hue, L. (1992). Biochem. Pharmacol. 43, 671-678.
133. Mol, M. A. E., Van de Ruit, A.-M. B. C., and Kluivers, A. W. (1989). Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 98, 159-165.
134. Muchi, H., and Yamamoto, Y. (1983). Blood 62, 808-814.
135. Netzker, R., Greiner, E., Eigenbrodt, E., Noguchi, T., Tanaka, T., and Brand, K. (1992). J. Biol. Chem. 267, 6421-6424.
136. Nguyen, D. T., and Keast, D. (1991). Int. J. Biochem. 23, 589-593.
137. Nord, L. D., Stolfi, R. L., Colofiore, J. R., and Martin, D. S. (1996). Biochem. Pharmacol. 51, 621-627.
138. Ohtsuka, T., Nishijima, M., Suzuki, K., and Akamatsu, Y. (1993). J. Biol. Chem. 268, 22914-22919.
139. Oremek, G. M., Seiffert, U. B., und Wagner, R. (1995). Atemwegsund Lungenkrankheiten 21, 340-342.
140. Oude Weernink, P. A., Rijksen, G., and Staal, G. E. J. (1991). Tumor Biol. 12, 339-352.
141. Oude Weernink, P. A., Rijksen, G., Mascini, E. M., and Staal, G. E. J. (1992). Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1121, 61-68.
142. Pastorino, J. G., Simbula, G., Yamamoto, K., Glascott, P. A., Jr., Rothman, R. J., and Farber, J. L. (1996). J. Biol. Chem. 271, 29792-29798.
143. Paumen, M. B., Ishida, Y., Muramatsu, M., Yamamoto, M., and Honjo, T. (1997). J. Biol. Chem. 272, 3324-3329.
144. Petri, E., Feil, G., Wechsel, H. W., Sichler, K.-H. (1996). J. Urol. (Suppl.) 155, 546A.
145. Pizer, E. S., Jackisch, C., Wood, F. D., Pasternack, G. R., Davidson, N. E., and Kuhajda, F. P. (1996). Cancer Res. 56, 2745-2747.
146. Polzar, B., Peitsch, M. C., Loos, R., Tschopp, J., and Mannherz, H. G. (1993). Eur. J. Cell Biol. 62, 397-405.
147. Pouysségur, J., Franchi, A., Salomon, J.-C., and Silvestre, P. (1980). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77, 2698-2701.
148. Presek, P., Glossmann, H., Eigenbrodt, E., Schoner, W., Rübsamen, H., Friis, R. R., and Bauer, H. (1980). Cancer Res. 40, 1733-1741.
149. Presek, P., Reinacher, M., and Eigenbrodt, E. (1988). FEBS Lett. 242, 194-198.
150. Pulselli, R., Amadio, L., Fanciulli, M., and Floridi, A. (1996). Anticancer Res. 16, 419-424.
151. Rabinovitz, M. (1991). FEBS Lett. 283, 270-272.
152. Rago, R., Mitchen, J., Cheng, A.-L., Oberley, T., and Wilding, G. (1991). Cancer Res. 51, 6629-6635.
153. Rana, R. S., Sekar, M. C., Hokin, L. E., and MacDonald, M. J. (1986). J. Biol. Chem. 261, 5237-5240.
154. Reitzer, L. J., Wice, B. M., and Kennell, D. (1979). J. Biol. Chem. 254, 2669-2676.
155. Resnick, R. J., Feldman, R., Willard, J., and Racker, E. (1986). Cancer Res. 46, 1800-1804.
156. Rideout, D., Bustamante, A., and Patel, J. (1994). Int. J. Cancer 57 247-253
157. Rubin, A. L. (1990). Cancer Res. 50, 2832-2839.
158. Rubin, A. L., Yao, A., and Rubin, H. (1990). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 482-486.
159. Ryll, T., and Wagner, R. (1992). Biotechnol. Bioeng. 40, 934-946.
160. Samid, D., Shack, S., and Sherman, L. T. (1992). Cancer Res. 52, 1988-1992.
161. Samid, D., Shack, S., and Myers, C. E. (1993). J. Clin. Invest. 91, 2288-2295.
162. Samid, D., Ram, Z., Hudgins, W. R., Shack, S., Liu, L., Walbridge, S., Oldfield, E. H., and Myers, C. E. (1994). Cancer Res. 54, 891-895.
163. Sánchez-Jiménez, F., Martínez, P., Núñez de Castro, I., Olavarría, J.S. (1985). Biochimie 67, 259-264.
164. Sauer, L. A., Dauchy, R. T., Nagel, W. O., and Morris, H. P. (1980). J. Biol. Chem. 255, 3844-3848.
165. Scheefers-Borchel, U., Scheefers, H., Michel, A., Will, H., Fischer, G., Basenau, D., Dahlmann, N., Laumen, R., Mazurek, S., and Eigenbrodt, E. (1994). In Current Tumor Diagnosis: Applications, Clinical Relevance, Research Trends, 7th Symposium on Tumor Markers, Hamburg, 1993 (Klapdor, R., ed.), pp. 365-368.
166. Schering, B., Eigenbrodt, E., Linder, D., and Schoner, W. (1982). Biochim. Biophys. Acta 717, 337-347.
167. Schmidt-Ullrich, R., Lin, P. S., Mikkelsen, R. B., and Monroe, M. M. (1986). J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 77, 1001-1011.
168. Schöbitz, B., Wolf, S., Christopherson, R. I., and Brand, K. (1991). Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1095, 95-102.
169. Schraufstätter, I. U., Hyslop, P. A., Hinshaw, D. B., Spragg, R. G., Sklar, L. A., and Cochrane, C. G. (1986). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83, 4908-4912.
170. Schulze-Osthoff, K., Bakker, A. C., Vanhaesebroeck, B., Beyaert, R., Jacob, W. A., and Fiers, W. (1992). J. Biol. Chem. 267, 5317-5323.
171. Schwartz, A. G., Lewbart, M. L., and Pashko, L. L. (1988). Cancer Res. 48, 4817-4822.
172. Schwartz, J. P., Passonneau, J. V., Johnson, G. S., and Pastan, I. (1974). J. Biol. Chem. 249, 4138-4143.
173. Schwartz, M. K. (1990). Clin. Biochem. 23, 395-398.
174. Seto, S., Carrera, C. J., Kubota, M., Wasson, D. B., and Carson, D. A. (1985). J. Clin. Invest. 75, 377-383.
175. Singer, S., Souza, K., and Thilly, W. G. (1995). Cancer Res. 55, 5140-5145.
176. Singh, L. P., and Wahba, A. J. (1995). Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 217, 616-623.
177. Skala, H., Vibert, M., Lamas, E., Maire, P., Schweighoffer, F., and Kahn, A. (1987). Eur. J. Biochem. 163, 513-518.
178. Skidmore, C. J., Davies, M. I., Goodwin, P. M., Halldorsson, H., Lewis, P. J., Shall, S., and Zia'ee, A.-A. (1979). Eur. J. Biochem. 101, 135-142.
179. Smith, E. R., and Merrill, A. H., Jr. (1995). J. Biol. Chem. 270, 18749-18758.
180. Smith, M. L., and Buchanan, J. M. (1979). J. Cell. Physiol. 101, 293-310.
181. Snell, K. (1984). Adv. Enzyme Regul. 22, 325-400.
182. Soderberg, K., Nissinen, E., Bakay, B., and Scheffler, I. E. (1980). J. Cell. Physiol. 103, 169-172.
183. Sri-Pathmanathan, R. M., Plumb, J. A., and Fearon, K. C. (1994). Int. J. Cancer 56, 900-905.
184. Staal, G. E. J., and Rijksen, G. (1991). In Biochemical and Molecular Aspects of Selected Cancers, Vol. 1 (Pretlow II, T. G., and Pretlow, T. P., eds.), Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 313-337.
185. Stanton, R. C., Seifter, J. L., Boxer, D. C., Zimmerman, E., and Cantley, L. C. (1991). J. Biol. Chem. 266, 12442-12448.
186. Steinberg, P., Störkel, S., Oesch, F., and Thoenes, W. (1992). Lab. Invest. 67, 506-511.
187. Steinberg, P., Weiße, G., Eigenbrodt, E., and Oesch, F. (1994). Carcinogenesis 15, 125-127.
188. Stolfi, R. L., Colofiore, J. R., Nord, L. D., Koutcher, J. A., and Martin, D. S. (1992). Cancer Res. 52, 4074-4081.
189. Street, J. C., Mahmood, U., Ballon, D., Alfieri, A. A., and Koutcher, J. A. (1996). J. Biol. Chem. 271, 4113-4119.
190. Sun, I. L., Crane, F. L., Löw, H., and Grebing, C. (1984). J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 16, 209-221.
191. Sun, I. L., Crane, F. L., Grebing, C., and Löw, H. (1985). Exp. Cell Res. 156, 528-536.
192. Tejwani, G. A. (1978). Trends Biochem. Sci. 2, 30-33.
193. Tejwani, G. A., Chauhan, S., Duruibe, V., and Vaswani, K. K. (1985). Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 239, 462-466.
194. Termonia, Y., and Ross, J. (1981). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78, 2952-2956.
195. Tian, W.-N., Braunstein, L. D., and Stanton, R. C. (1996). ASBMB Fall Symposia, Integration of Growth Factor Signaling Pathway, Abstr. 30.
196. Turner, D. M., and Walker, J. B. (1985). Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 238, 642-651.
197. Vaupel, P., Fortmeyer, H. P., Runkel, S., and Kallinowski, F. (1987). Cancer Res. 47, 3496-3503.
198. Vora, S., Halper, J. P., and Knowles, D. M. (1985). Cancer Res. 45, 2993-3001.
199. Wang, J., Morris, A. J., Tolan, D. R., and Pagliaro, L. (1996). J. Biol. Chem. 271, 6861-6865.
200. Warburg, O. (1956). Science 124, 269-270.
201. Weber, G., Stubbs, M., and Morris, H. P. (1971). Cancer Res. 31, 2177-2183.
202. Wechsel, H. W., Petri, E., Feil, G., and Bichler, K.-H. (1997). J. Urol. (Suppl.) 157, 424.
203. Weisman, G. A., De, B. K., Friedberg, I., Pritchard, R. S., and Heppel, L. A. (1984). J. Cell. Physiol. 119, 211-219.
204. Weisman, G. A., Lustig, K., Lane, E., Huang, N., Beizer, I., and Friedberg, I. (1988). J. Biol. Chem. 263, 12367-12372.
205. Whitacre, C. M., Hashimoto, H., Tsai, M.-L., Chatterjee, S., Berger, S. J., and Berger, N. A. (1995). Cancer Res. 55, 3697-3701.
206. Whitfield, C. D., Bostedorf, R., Goodrum, D., Haak, M., and Chu, E. H. Y. (1981). J. Biol. Chem. 256, 6651-6656.
207. Wice, B. M., Trugnan, G., Pinto, M., Rousset, M., Chevalier, G., Dussaulx, E., Lacroix, B., and Zweibaum, A. (1985). J. Biol. Chem. 260, 139-146.
208. Wong, G. H. W., Elwell, J. H., Oberley, L. W., and Goeddel, D. V. (1989). Cell 58, 923-931.
209. Yan, T., Oberley, L. W., Zhong, W., and St. Clair, D. K. (1996). Cancer Res. 56, 2864-2871.
210. Zielke, H. R., Ozand, P. T., Tildon, J. T., Sevdalian, D. A., and Cornblath, M. (1978). J. Cell. Physiol. 95, 41-48.
211. Zielke, H. R., Sumbilla, C. M., Sevdalian, D. A., Hawkins, R. L., and Ozand, P. T. (1980). J. Cell. Physiol. 104, 433-441.