Guanylate cyclase- based signaling in photoreceptors and retina

Signal Transduction in the Retina

Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 121-144

  Koch, Karl Wilhelm ^a   Helten, Andreas ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OLDENBURG   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85055567318     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (81)

1. Sunahara, R.K. and Taussig, R., Isoforms of mammalian adenylyl cyclase: multiplicities of signaling, Mol Interventions, 2, 168, 2002.
2. Koesling, D., Studying the structure and regulation of soluble guanylyl cyclase, Methods, 19, 485, 1999.
3. Lucas, K.A., Pitari, G.M., Kazerounian, S., Ruiz-Stewart, I, Park, J., Schulz, S., Chepenik, K.P., and Waldman, S.A., Guanylyl cyclases and signaling by cyclic GMP, Pharmacol Rev, 52, 375, 2000.
4. Wedel, B.J. and Garbers, D.L., The guanylyl cyclase familiy at Y2K, Annu Rev Physiol, 63, 215, 2001.
5. Potter, L.R., Domain analysis of human transmembrane guantylyl cyclase receptors:implications for regulation, Front Biosci, 10, 1205, 2005.
6. Fitzpatrick, D.A., O’Halloran, D.M., and Burnell, A.M., Multiple lineage specific expansions within the guanylyl cyclase gene family, BMC Evolut Biol, 6, 1, 2006.
7. Pugh, E.N., Jr., Duda, T., Sitaramayya, A., and Sharma, R.K., Photoreceptor guanylate cyclases: a review, Biosci Rep, 17, 429, 1997.
8. Koch, K.-W., Duda, T., and Sharma, R.K., Photoreceptor specific guanylate cyclases in vertebrate phototransduction, Mol Cell Biochem, 230, 97, 2002.
9. Sharma, R.K., Duda, T., Venkataraman, V., and Koch, K., Calcium-modulated mammalian membrane guanylate cyclase ROS-GC transduction machinery in sensory neurons:a universal concept, Curr Top Biochem Res, 6, 111, 2004.
10. Francis, S.H. and Corbin, J.D., Structure and function of cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases, Annu Rev Physiol, 56, 237, 1994.
11. Lincoln, T.M., Dey, N., and Sellak, H., Signal transduction in smooth muscle. Invited Review: cGMP-dependent protein kinase signaling mechanisms in smooth muscle:from the regulation of tone to gene expression, J Appl Physiol, 91, 1421, 2001.
12. Kaupp, U.B. and Seifert, R., Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels, Physiol Rev, 82, 769, 2002.
13. Kramer, R.H. and Molokanova, E., Modulation of cyclic nucleotide-gated channels and regulation of vertebrate phototransduction, J Exp Biol, 204, 2921, 2001.
14. Sonderling, S.H. and Beavo, J.A., Regulation of cAMP and cGMP signaling: new phosphodiesterases and new functions, Curr Opin Cell Biol, 12, 174, 2000.
15. Rybalkin, S.D., Yan, C., Bornfeldt, K.E., and Beavo, J.A., Cyclic GMP phosphodiesterases and regulation of smooth muscle function, Circ Res, 93, 280, 2003.
16. de Rooij, J., Zwartkruis, F.J.T., Verheijen, M.H.G., Cool, R.H., Nijman, S.M.B., Wittinghofer, A., and Bos, J.L., Epac is a Rap1 guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor directly by cyclic AMP, Nature, 396, 474, 1998.
17. Margulis, A., Sharma, R.K., and Sitaramayya, A., Nitroprusside-sensitive and intensive guanylate cyclases in retinal rod outer segments, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 185, 909, 1992.
18. Ahmad, I. and Barnstable, C.J., Differential laminar expression of particulate and soluble guanylate cyclase genes in rat retina, Exp Eye Res, 56, 51, 1993.
19. Koch, K.-W., Lambrecht, H.-G., Haberecht, M., Redburn, D., and Schmidt, H.H.H.W., Functional coupling of a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent nitric oxide synthase and a soluble guanylyl cyclase in vertebrate photoreceptor cells, EMBO J, 13, 3312, 1994.
20. Haberecht, M.F., Schmidt, H.H.H.W., Mills, S.L., Massey, S.C., Nakane, M., and Redburn-Johnson, D.A., Localization of nitric oxide synthase, NADPH diaphorase and soluble guanylyl cyclase in adult rabbit retina, Vis Neurosci, 15, 881, 1998.
21. Gotzes, S., de Vente, J., and Müller, F., Nitric oxide modulates cGMP levels in neurons of the inner and outer retina in opposite ways, Vis Neurosci, 15, 945, 1998.
22. Donovan, M., Carmody, R.J., and Cotter, T.G., Light-induced photoreceptor apoptosis in vivo requires neuronal nitric-oxide synthase and guanylate cyclase activity and is caspase-3-independent, J Biol Chem, 276, 23000, 2001.
23. Olshevskaya, E.V., Ermilov, A.N., and Dizhoor, A.M., Factors that affect regulation of cGMP synthesis in vertebrate photoreceptors and their genetic link to human retinal degeneration, Mol Cell Biochem, 230, 139, 2002.
24. Palczewski, K., Sokal, I., and Baehr, W., Guanylate cyclase-activating proteins: structure, function, and diversity, Biochem Biophys Res, 322, 1123, 2004.
25. Koch, K.-W., GCAPs, the classical neuronal calcium sensors in the retina, Calcium Binding Proteins, 1, 3, 2006.
26. Rollin, R., Mediero, A., Roldán-Pallarés, M., Fernández-Cruz, A., and Fernández-Durango, R., Natriuretic peptide system in the human retina, Mol Vision, 10, 15, 2004.
27. Yu, Y.-Ch., Cao, L.-H., and Yang, X.-L., Modulation by brain natriuretic peptide of GABA receptors on rat retinal ON-type bipolar cells, J Neurosci, 26, 696, 2006.
28. Pugh, E.N., Jr. and Lamb, T.D., Phototransduction in vertebrate rods and cones: molecular mechanisms of amplification, recovery and light adaption, Handbook of Biological Physics, Vol. 3 (Eds. Stavenga, DeGrip, and Pugh Jr., Elsevier Science B.V.) 2000, chap. 5.
29. Burns, M.E. and Baylor, D.A., Activation, deactivation, and adaptation in vertebrate photoreceptor cells, Annu Rev Neurosci, 24, 779, 2001.
30. Fleischmann, D. and Denisevich, M., Guanylate cyclase of isolated bovine retinal rod axonemes, Biochemistry, 18, 5060, 1979.
31. Koch, K.-W. and Stryer, L., Highly cooperative feedback control of retinal rod guanylate cyclase by calcium ions, Nature, 334, 64, 1988.
32. Gorczyca, W.A., van Hooser, J.P., and Palczewski, K., Nucleotide inhibitors and activators of retinal guanylyl cyclase, Biochemistry, 33, 3217, 1994.
33. Koch, K.-W., Eckstein, F., and Stryer L., Stereochemical course of the reaction catalyzed by guanylate cyclase from bovine retinal rod outer segments, J Biol Chem, 265, 9659, 1990.
34. Wolbring, G. and Schnetkamp, P.P.M., Activation by PKC of the Ca2+-sensitive guanylyl cyclase in bovine retinal rod outer segments measured with an optical assay, Biochemistry, 34, 4689, 1995.
35. Sharma, R.K., Marala, R.B., and Duda, T.M., Purification and characterization of the 180-kDa membrane guantylate cyclase containing atrial natriuretic factor receptor from rat adrenal gland and its regulation by protein kinase C, Steroids, 53, 437, 1989.
36. Koch, K.-W., Purification and identification of photoreceptor guanylate cyclase, J Biol Chem, 266, 8634, 1991.
37. Tsien, R. and Pozzan, T., Measurement of cytosolic free Ca2+ with Quin2, Methods Enzymol, 172, 230, 1989.
38. Lambrecht, H.-G. and Koch, K.-W., A 26 kd calcium binding protein from bovine rod outer segments as modulator of photoreceptor guanylate cyclase, EMBO J, 10, 793, 1991.
39. Peshenko, I.V. and Dizhoor, A.M., Ca2+-and Mg2+-binding properties of GCAP-1: evidence that Mg2+-bound form is the physiological activator of photoreceptor guanylyl cyclase, J Biol Chem, 281, 23830, 2006.
40. Hwang, J.-Y., Lange, C., Helten, A., Höppner-Heitmann, D., Duda, T., Sharma, R.K., and Koch, K.-W., Regulatory modes of rod outer segment membrane guanylate cyclase differ in catalytic efficiency and Ca2+-sensitivity, Eur J Biochem, 270, 3814, 2003.
41. Hayashi, F. and Yamazaki, A., Polymorphism in purified guanylate cyclase from vertebrate rod photoreceptors, Biochemistry, 88, 4746, 1991.
42. Margulis, A., Goraczniak, R.M., Duda, T., Sharma, R.K., and Sitaramayya, A., Structural and biochemical identity of retinal rod outer segment membrane guanylate cyclase, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 194, 855, 1993.
43. Koch, K.-W., Stecher, P., and Kellner, R., Bovine retinal rod guanyl cyclase represents a new N-glycosylated subtype of membrane-bound guanyl cyclases, Eur J Biochem, 222, 589, 1994.
44. Shyjan, A.W., de Sauvage, F.J., Gillett, N.A., Goeddel, D.V., and Lowe, D.G., Molecular cloning of a retina-specific membrane guanylyl cyclase, Neuron, 9, 727, 1992.
45. Goraczniak, R.M., Duda, T., Sitaramayya, A., and Sharma, R.K., Biochem J, 302, 455, 1994.
46. Lowe, D.G., Dizhoor, A.M., Liu, K., Gu, Q., Spencer, M., Laura, R., Lu, L., and Hurley, J.B., Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A., 92, 5535, 1995.
47. Yang, R.-B., Foster, D.C., Garbers, D.L., and Fülle, H.-J., Two membrane forms of guanylyl cyclase found in the eye, Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A., 92, 602, 1995.
48. Goraczniak, R., Duda, T., and Sharma, R.K., Structural and functional characterization of a second subfamily member of the calcium-modulated bovine rod outer segment membrane guanylate cyclase, ROS-GC2, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 234, 666, 1997.
49. Yang, R.-B. and Garbers, D.L., Two eye guanylyl cyclases are expressed in the same photoreceptor cells and form homomers in preference to heteromers, J Biol Chem, 272, 13738, 1997.
50. Chen, C. and Okayama, H., High-efficiency transformation of mammalian cells by plasmid DNA, Mol Cell Biol, 7, 2745, 1987.
51. Senin, I.I., Koch, K.-W., Akhtar, M., and Philippov, P.P., Ca2+-dependent control of rhodopsin phoshorylation: recoverin and rhodopsin kinase, Adv Exp Med Biol, 514, 69, 2002.
52. Hsu, Y.-T. and Molday, R.S., Modulation of the cGMP-gated channel of rod photoreceptor cells by calmodulin, Nature, 361, 76, 1993.
53. Weitz, D., Zoche, M., Müller, F., Beyermann, M., Körschen, H.-G., Kaupp, U.B., and Koch, K.-W., Calmodulin controls the rod photoreceptor CNG channel through an unconventional binding site in the N-terminus on the ß-subunit, EMBO J, 17, 2273, 1998.
54. Grunwald, M.E., Yu, W.-P., Yu, H.-H., and Yau, K.-W., Identification of a domain on the ß-subunit of the rod cGMP-gated cation channel that mediates inhibition by calciumcalmodulin, J Biol Chem, 273, 9148, 1998.
55. Imanishi, Y., Yang, L., Sokal, I., Filipek, S., Palczewski, K., and Baehr, W., Diversity of guanylate cyclase-activating proteins (GCAPs) in teleost fish: charcterization of three novel GCAPs (GCAP4, GCAP5, GCAP7) from zebrafish (Danio rerio) and prediction of eight GCAPs (GCAP1-8) in pufferfish (Fugu rubripes), J Mol Evol, 59, 204, 2004.
56. Gorczyca, W.A., Gray-Keller, M.P., Detwiler, P.B., and Palczewski, K., Purification and physiological evaluation of a guanylate cyclase activating protein from retinal rods, Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A., 91, 4014, 1994.
57. Dizhoor, A.M., Lowe, D.G., Olshevskaya, E.V., Laura, R.P., and Hurley, J.B., The human photoreceptor membrane guanylyl cyclase, RetGC, is present in outer segments and is regulated by calcium and a soluble activator, Neuron, 12, 1345, 1994.
58. Frins, S., Bönigk, W., Müller, F., Kellner, R., and Koch, K.-W., Functional characterization of a guanylyl cyclase-activating protein from vertebrate rods, J Biol Chem, 271, 8022, 1996.
59. Lange, C., Duda, T., Beyermann, M., Sharma, R.K., and Koch, K.-W., Regions in vertebrate photoreceptor guanylyl cyclase ROS-GC1 involved in CA2+-dependent regulation by guanylyl cyclase-activating protein GCAP-1, FEBS Lett, 460, 27, 1999.
60. Sokal, I., Haeseleer, F., Arendt, A., Adman, E.T., Hargrave, P.A., and Palczewski, K., Identification of a guanylyl cyclase-activating protein-binding site within the catalytic domain of retinal guanylyl cyclase 1, Biochemistry, 38, 1387, 1999.
61. Krylov, D.M. and Hurley, J.B., Identification of proximate regions in a complex of retinal guanyly cyclase 1 and guanylyl cyclase-activating protein-1 by a novel mass spectrometry-based method, J Biol Chem, 276, 30648, 2001.
62. Duda, T., Fik-Rymarkiewicz, E., Venkataraman, V., Kishnan, R., Koch, K.-W., and Sharma, R.K., The calcium-sensor guanylate cyclase activating protein type 2 specific site in rod outer segment membrane guanylate cyclase type 1, Biochemistry, 44, 7336, 2005.
63. Otto-Bruc, A., Buczylko, J., Surgucheva, I., Subbaraya, I., Rudnicka-Nawrot, M., Crabb, J.W., Arendt, A., Hargrave, P.A., Baehr, W., and Palczewski, K., Functional reconstitution of photoreceptor guanylate cyclase with native and mutant forms of guanylate cyclase-activating protein 1, Biochemistry, 36, 4295, 1997.
64. Sokal, I., Otto-Bruc, A.E., Surgucheva, I., Verlinde, C.L.M., Wang, C.-K., Baehr, W., and Palczewski, K., Conformational changes in guanylyl cyclase-activating protein 1 (GCAP1) and its tryptophan mutants as a function of calcium concentration, J Biol Chem, 274, 19829, 1999.
65. Sokal, I., Li, N., Klug, C.S., Filipek, S.B., Hubbell, W.L., Baehr, W., and Palczewski, K., Calcium-sensitive regions of GCAP1 as observed by chemical modifications, fluorescence, and EPR spectroscopies, J Biol Chem, 276, 43361, 2001.
66. Hwang, J.-Y., Schlesinger, R., and Koch, K.-W., Calcium-dependent cysteine reactivities in the neuronal calcium sensor guanylate cyclase-activating protein 1, FEBS Lett, 508, 355, 2001.
67. Ermilov, A.N., Olshevskaya, E.V., and Dizhoor, A.M., Instead of binding calcium, one of the EF-hand structures in guanylyl cyclase activating protein-2 is required for targeting photoreceptor guanylyl cyclase, J Biol Chem, 276, 48143, 2001.
68. Hwang, J.-Y, Schlesinger, R., and Koch, K.-W., Irregular dimerization of guanylate cyclase-activating protein 1 mutants causes loss of target activation, Eur J Biochem, 271, 3785, 2004.
69. Duda, T. and Koch, K.-W., Retinal diseases linked with photoreceptor guanylate cyclase, Mol Cell Biochem, 230, 129, 2002.
70. Mendez, A., Burns, M.E., Sokal, I., Dizhoor, A.M., Baehr, W., Palczewski, K., Baylor, D.A., and Chen, J., Role of guanylate cyclase-activating proteins (GCAPs) in setting the flash sensitivity of rod photoreceptors, Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A., 98, 9948, 2001.
71. Howes, K.A., Pennesi, M.E., Sokal, I., Church-Kopish, J., Schmidt, B., Margolis, D., Frederick, J.M., Rieke, F., Palczewski, K., Wu, S.M., Detwiler, P.B., and Baehr, W., GCAP1 rescues rod photoreceptor response in GCAP1/GCAP2 knockout mice, EMBO J, 21, 1545, 2002.
72. Burns, M.E., Mendez, A., Chen, J., and Baylor, D.A., Dynamics of cyclic GMP synthesis in retinal rods, Neuron, 36, 81, 2002.
73. Pennesi, M.E., Howes, K.A., Baehr, W., and Wu, S.M., Guanylate cyclase-activating protein (GCAP) 1 rescues cone recovery kinetics in GCAP1/GCAP2 knockout mice, Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A., 100, 6783, 2003.
74. Duda, T., Goraczniak, R., Surgucheva, I., Rudnicka-Nawrot, M., Gorczyca, W.A., Palczewski, K., Sitaramayya, A., Baehr, W., and Sharma, R.K., Calcium modulation of bovine photoreceptor guanylate cyclase, Biochemistry, 35, 8478, 1996.
75. Schrem, A., Lange, C., Beyermann, M., and Koch K.-W., Identification of a domain in guanylyl cyclase-activating protein 1 that interacts with a complex of guanylyl cyclase and tubulin in photoreceptors, J Biol Chem, 274, 6244, 1999.
76. Yamazaki, A., Yu, H., Yamazaki, M., Honkawa, H., Matsuura, I., Usukura, J., and Yamazaki, R.K., A critical role for ATP in the stimulation of retinal guanylyl cyclase by guanylyl cyclase-activating proteins, J Biol Chem, 278, 33150, 2003.
77. Yamazaki, M., Usukura, J., Yamazaki, R.K., and Yamazaki, A., ATP binding is required for physiological activation of retinal guanylate cyclase, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 338, 1291, 2005.
78. Yamazaki, A., Yamazaki, M., Yamazaki, R.K., and Usukura, J., Illuminated rhodopsin is required for strong activating of retinal guanylate cyclase by guanylate cyclaseactivating proteins, Biochemistry, 45, 1899, 2006.
79. Hwang, J.-Y. and Koch, K.-W., Calcium- and myristoyl-dependent properties of guanylate cyclase-activating protein-1 and protein-2, Biochemistry, 41, 13021, 2002.
80. Rudnicka-Nawrot, M., Surgucheva, I., Hulmes, J.D., Haeseleer, F., Sokal, I., Crabb, J.W., Baehr, W., and Palczewski, K., Changes in biological activity and folding of guanylate cyclase-activating protein 1 as a function of calcium, Biochemistry, 37, 248, 1998.
81. Duda, T., Koch, K.-W., Venkataraman, V., Lange, C., Beyermann, M., and Sharma, R.K., Ca2+ sensor S100β-modulated sites of membrane guanylate cyclase in the photoreceptor- bipolar synapse, EMBO J, 21, 2547, 2002.