메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2003, Pages 381-405

Levodopa

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 85047993367     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (8)

References (91)
  • 2
    • 0014082977 scopus 로고
    • Parkinsonism: Onset, progression, and mortality
    • Hoehn MM, Yahr MD. Parkinsonism: onset, progression, and mortality. Neurology 1967; 17:427-442.
    • (1967) Neurology , vol.17 , pp. 427-442
    • Hoehn, M.M.1    Yahr, M.D.2
  • 3
    • 0013340649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parkinson’s disease: Initial treatment with levodopa or dopamine agonists
    • Factor SA. Parkinson’s disease: initial treatment with levodopa or dopamine agonists. Curr Treat Options 2001; 3:479-493.
    • (2001) Curr Treat Options , vol.3 , pp. 479-493
    • Factor, S.A.1
  • 4
    • 0347290227 scopus 로고
    • Newer drugs in the treatment of Parkinsonism
    • Doshay L, Constable K. Newer drugs in the treatment of Parkinsonism. Neurology 1951; 1:68-74.
    • (1951) Neurology , vol.1 , pp. 68-74
    • Doshay, L.1    Constable, K.2
  • 7
    • 0005434311 scopus 로고
    • Recent trends in the treatment of epidemic encephalitis
    • Doshay L. Recent trends in the treatment of epidemic encephalitis. NYS J Med 1934; 34:707.
    • (1934) NYS J Med , vol.34 , pp. 707
    • Doshay, L.1
  • 8
    • 0034520688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The L-dopa story revisited. Further surprises to be expected?
    • Foley P. The L-dopa story revisited. Further surprises to be expected? J Neur Transm Suppl 2000; 60:1-20.
    • (2000) J Neur Transm Suppl , vol.60 , pp. 1-20
    • Foley, P.1
  • 9
    • 84861512565 scopus 로고
    • Synthase des d,1-3-4, Dioxyphenylalanins
    • Funk C. Synthase des d,1-3-4, Dioxyphenylalanins. Chem Zentralbl I, 1911.
    • (1911) Chem Zentralbl , pp. I
    • Funk, C.1
  • 10
    • 0001145589 scopus 로고
    • Dioxyphenylalanin, eine neue Aminoshure aus Vicia faba
    • Guggenhiem M. Dioxyphenylalanin, eine neue Aminoshure aus Vicia faba. Z Phys Chem, 1913.
    • (1913) Z Phys Chem
    • Guggenhiem, M.1
  • 11
    • 85054769043 scopus 로고
    • 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine and 5-hydroxytriptophan as reserpine antagonists
    • Carrlson A, Lindqvist M, Magmusson T. 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine and 5-hydroxytriptophan as reserpine antagonists. Nature (London) 1957; 180:1200.
    • (1957) Nature (London) , vol.180 , pp. 1200
    • Carrlson, A.1    Lindqvist, M.2    Magmusson, T.3
  • 13
    • 34250928307 scopus 로고
    • Verteilung von Noradrenalin und Dopamin im Gehirn des Menschwen und ihr Verhalten bei Erkrankungen des extrapyramidalen Systems
    • Ehringer H, Hornykiewicz O. Verteilung von Noradrenalin und Dopamin im Gehirn des Menschwen und ihr Verhalten bei Erkrankungen des extrapyramidalen Systems. Klin Wochenscher 1960; 38:1236-1239.
    • (1960) Klin Wochenscher , vol.38 , pp. 1236-1239
    • Ehringer, H.1    Hornykiewicz, O.2
  • 14
    • 0014208039 scopus 로고
    • Aromatic amino acids and modification of parkinsonism
    • Cotzias G, Van Woert M, Schiffer L. Aromatic amino acids and modification of parkinsonism. N Engl J Med 1967; 276:374-379.
    • (1967) N Engl J Med , vol.276 , pp. 374-379
    • Cotzias, G.1    Van Woert, M.2    Schiffer, L.3
  • 15
    • 0014673226 scopus 로고
    • Modification of parkinsonism—chronic treatment with L-DOPA
    • Cotzias G, Papavasiliou P, Gellene R. Modification of parkinsonism—chronic treatment with L-DOPA. N Engl J Med 1969; 280:337-345.
    • (1969) N Engl J Med , vol.280 , pp. 337-345
    • Cotzias, G.1    Papavasiliou, P.2    Gellene, R.3
  • 16
    • 0027008308 scopus 로고
    • The history of drugs for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease
    • Kapp W. The history of drugs for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. J Neural Transm 1992; 38:1-6.
    • (1992) J Neural Transm , vol.38 , pp. 1-6
    • Kapp, W.1
  • 17
    • 67649340664 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of parkinsonian patients with levodopa and estracerebral decarboylase inhibitor, Ro 4-4062
    • Rinne U, Sonninen V, Siirtola T. Treatment of parkinsonian patients with levodopa and estracerebral decarboylase inhibitor, Ro 4-4062. Adv Neurol1973; 3:59-71.
    • (1973) Adv Neurol , vol.3 , pp. 59-71
    • Rinne, U.1    Sonninen, V.2    Siirtola, T.3
  • 18
    • 0021359568 scopus 로고
    • The “on-off” phenomenon in Parkinson’s disease. Relation to levodopa absorption and transport
    • Nutt JG, Woodward WR, Hammerstad JP, Carter JH, Anderson JL. The “on-off” phenomenon in Parkinson’s disease. Relation to levodopa absorption and transport. N Engl J Med 1984; 310(8):483-488.
    • (1984) N Engl J Med , vol.310 , Issue.8 , pp. 483-488
    • Nutt, J.G.1    Woodward, W.R.2    Hammerstad, J.P.3    Carter, J.H.4    Erson, J.L.5
  • 20
    • 0015043830 scopus 로고
    • L-dopa therapy of Parkinson’s disease: Plasma L-dopa concentration, therapeutic response and side effects
    • Muenter M, Tyce G. L-dopa therapy of Parkinson’s disease: plasma L-dopa concentration, therapeutic response and side effects. Mayo Clin Proc 1971; 46:231-239.
    • (1971) Mayo Clin Proc , vol.46 , pp. 231-239
    • Muenter, M.1    Tyce, G.2
  • 21
    • 0019160120 scopus 로고
    • Nondopaminergic striatal neurons convert exogenous L-dopa to dopamine in parkinsonism
    • Melamed E, Hefti F, Wurtman RJ. Nondopaminergic striatal neurons convert exogenous L-dopa to dopamine in parkinsonism. Ann Neurol 1980; 8:558-563.
    • (1980) Ann Neurol , vol.8 , pp. 558-563
    • Melamed, E.1    Hefti, F.2    Wurtman, R.J.3
  • 22
    • 0001868603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levodopa. Parkinson’s disease: Mechanisms of action, pathophysiology of late failure
    • Jankovic J, Tolosa E, eds. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins
    • Poewe W, Wenning G. Levodopa. Parkinson’s disease: mechanisms of action, pathophysiology of late failure. In: Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders. Jankovic J, Tolosa E, eds. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1998, pp 177-190.
    • (1998) Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders , pp. 177-190
    • Poewe, W.1    Wenning, G.2
  • 23
    • 0032890731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parkinson’s disease, the effect of levodopa and the ELLDOPA trial
    • Fahn S. Parkinson’s disease, the effect of levodopa and the ELLDOPA trial. Arch Neurol 1999; 56:529-535.
    • (1999) Arch Neurol , vol.56 , pp. 529-535
    • Fahn, S.1
  • 24
    • 0035353725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequency of levodopa-related dyskinesias and motor fluctuations as estimated from the cummulative literature
    • Ahlskog JE, Muenter MD. Frequency of levodopa-related dyskinesias and motor fluctuations as estimated from the cummulative literature. Mov Disord2001; 16(3):448-458.
    • (2001) Mov Disord , vol.16 , Issue.3 , pp. 448-458
    • Ahlskog, J.E.1    Muenter, M.D.2
  • 25
    • 0029079688 scopus 로고
    • Long-duration response to levodopa
    • Nutt J, Carter J, Woodward W. Long-duration response to levodopa. Neurology 1995; 45:1613-1616.
    • (1995) Neurology , vol.45 , pp. 1613-1616
    • Nutt, J.1    Carter, J.2    Woodward, W.3
  • 26
    • 0034905501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor Fluctuations and dyskinesia in Parkinson’s disease
    • Nutt J. Motor Fluctuations and dyskinesia in Parkinson’s disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2001; 8:101-108.
    • (2001) Parkinsonism Relat Disord , vol.8 , pp. 101-108
    • Nutt, J.1
  • 27
    • 0028874630 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacodynamics of levodopa in Parkinson’s disease
    • Nutt J. Pharmacodynamics of levodopa in Parkinson’s disease. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1995; 22:837-840.
    • (1995) Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol , vol.22 , pp. 837-840
    • Nutt, J.1
  • 28
    • 0023729233 scopus 로고
    • Does an inhibitory action of levodopa contribute to motor fluctuations?
    • Nutt J, Gancher S, Woodward W. Does an inhibitory action of levodopa contribute to motor fluctuations? Neurology 1988; 38:1553-1557.
    • (1988) Neurology , vol.38 , pp. 1553-1557
    • Nutt, J.1    Gancher, S.2    Woodward, W.3
  • 30
    • 15944407287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levodopa: 30 years of progress
    • Diagnosis and Clinical Management. Factor SA, Weiner WJ, eds. New York: Demos
    • Simuni T, Hurtig H. Levodopa: 30 years of progress. In: Parkinson’s Disease: Diagnosis and Clinical Management. Factor SA, Weiner WJ, eds. New York: Demos, 2002:339-356.
    • (2002) Parkinson’s Disease , pp. 339-356
    • Simuni, T.1    Hurtig, H.2
  • 32
    • 0016772506 scopus 로고
    • Five years’ treatment of Parkinson’s disease with levodopa: Therapeutic results and survival of 100 patients
    • Sweet RD, McDowell FH. Five years’ treatment of Parkinson’s disease with levodopa: therapeutic results and survival of 100 patients. Ann Int Med 1975; 83:456-463.
    • (1975) Ann Int Med , vol.83 , pp. 456-463
    • Sweet, R.D.1    McDowell, F.H.2
  • 33
    • 0021278775 scopus 로고
    • Chronic low-dose levodopa therapy in Parkinson’s disease: An argument for delaying levodopa therapy
    • Rajput AH, Stern W, Laverly WH. Chronic low-dose levodopa therapy in Parkinson’s disease: an argument for delaying levodopa therapy. Neurology1984; 34:991-996.
    • (1984) Neurology , vol.34 , pp. 991-996
    • Rajput, A.H.1    Stern, W.2    Laverly, W.H.3
  • 34
    • 0023026069 scopus 로고
    • Low dose L-dopa therapy in Parkinson’s disease: A 6-year follow-up study
    • Poewe WH, Lees AJ, Stern GM. Low dose L-dopa therapy in Parkinson’s disease: a 6-year follow-up study. Neurology 1986; 36:1528-1530.
    • (1986) Neurology , vol.36 , pp. 1528-1530
    • Poewe, W.H.1    Lees, A.J.2    Stern, G.M.3
  • 35
    • 0033595549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immediate-release and controlled-release carbidopa/levodopa in PD: A 5-year randomized multicenter study
    • Koller WC, Hutton JT, Tolosa E, Capilldeo R, and the Carbidopa/Levodopa Study Group. Immediate-release and controlled-release carbidopa/levodopa in PD: a 5-year randomized multicenter study. Neurology 1999; 53:1012-1019.
    • (1999) Neurology , vol.53 , pp. 1012-1019
    • Koller, W.C.1    Hutton, J.T.2    Tolosa, E.3    Capilldeo, R.4
  • 36
    • 0034684139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pramipexole versus levodopa as initial treatment for Parkinson’s disease: A randomized controlled trial
    • Parkinson Study Group. Pramipexole versus levodopa as initial treatment for Parkinson’s disease: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2000; 284:1931-1938.
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.284 , pp. 1931-1938
  • 37
    • 0002773067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pramipexole versus levodopa as initial treatment for Parkinson’s disease: A four-year randomized controlled trial
    • Holloway RG. Pramipexole versus levodopa as initial treatment for Parkinson’s disease: a four-year randomized controlled trial. Neurology2002; 58(suppl 3):A81-82.
    • (2002) Neurology , vol.58 , pp. A81-A82
    • Holloway, R.G.1
  • 38
    • 0037012478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine transporter brain imaging to assess the effects of pramipexole versus levodopa on Parkinson disease progression
    • Parkinson Study Group. Dopamine transporter brain imaging to assess the effects of pramipexole versus levodopa on Parkinson disease progression. JAMA 2002; 287:1653-1661.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.287 , pp. 1653-1661
  • 39
    • 0141692528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pramipexole versus levodopa: Effects on Parkinson disease progression assessed by dopamine transporter imaging
    • Marek K. Pramipexole versus levodopa: effects on Parkinson disease progression assessed by dopamine transporter imaging. Neurology 2002; 58(suppl 3):A82.
    • (2002) Neurology , vol.58 , pp. A82
    • Marek, K.1
  • 40
    • 0034682308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A five-year study of the incidence of dyskinesia in patients with early Parkinson’s disease who were treated with ropinirole or levodopa
    • Rascol O, Brooks DJ, Korczyn AD, et al. A five-year study of the incidence of dyskinesia in patients with early Parkinson’s disease who were treated with ropinirole or levodopa. N Engl J Med 2000; 42:1484-1491.
    • (2000) N Engl J Med , vol.42 , pp. 1484-1491
    • Rascol, O.1    Brooks, D.J.2    Korczyn, A.D.3
  • 41
    • 0031965147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ropinirole in the treatment of early Parkinson’s disease: A 6-month interim report of a 5-year levodopa controlled study
    • Rascol O, Brooks DJ, Brunt ER, et al. Ropinirole in the treatment of early Parkinson’s disease: a 6-month interim report of a 5-year levodopa controlled study. Mov Disord 1998; 13:39-45.
    • (1998) Mov Disord , vol.13 , pp. 39-45
    • Rascol, O.1    Brooks, D.J.2    Brunt, E.R.3
  • 42
    • 0001862013 scopus 로고
    • Long-term appraisal of levodopa therapy
    • Barbeau A. Long-term appraisal of levodopa therapy. Neurology 1972; 22(suppl):22-24.
    • (1972) Neurology , vol.22 , pp. 22-24
    • Barbeau, A.1
  • 43
    • 0018415901 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the clinical problems in parkinsonism and the complications of long term therapy
    • Lesser RP, Fahn S, Snider SR, et al. Analysis of the clinical problems in parkinsonism and the complications of long term therapy. Neurology 1979; 29:1253-1260.
    • (1979) Neurology , vol.29 , pp. 1253-1260
    • Lesser, R.P.1    Fahn, S.2    Snider, S.R.3
  • 44
    • 0023261115 scopus 로고
    • Factors that influence the occurence of response variations in Parkinson’s disease
    • de Jong GJ, Meerwaldt JD, Schmitz PIM. Factors that influence the occurence of response variations in Parkinson’s disease. Ann Neurol 1987; 22:4-7.
    • (1987) Ann Neurol , vol.22 , pp. 4-7
    • De Jong, G.J.1    Meerwaldt, J.D.2    Schmitz, P.I.M.3
  • 45
    • 0025802827 scopus 로고
    • McDowell FH. “Early” initiation of levodopa treatment does not promote the development of motor response fluctuations, dyskinesia or dementia in Parkinson’s disease
    • Cedarbaum JM, Gandy SE, McDowell FH. “Early” initiation of levodopa treatment does not promote the development of motor response fluctuations, dyskinesia or dementia in Parkinson’s disease. Neurology 1991; 41:622-629.
    • (1991) Neurology , vol.41 , pp. 622-629
    • Cedarbaum, J.M.1    Gandy, S.E.2
  • 46
    • 0023802240 scopus 로고
    • Does levodopa aggravate Parkinson’s disease?
    • Blin J, Bonnet A-M, Agid Y. Does levodopa aggravate Parkinson’s disease?Neurology 1988; 38:1410-1416.
    • (1988) Neurology , vol.38 , pp. 1410-1416
    • Blin, J.1    Bonnet, A.-M.2    Agid, Y.3
  • 47
    • 0025765530 scopus 로고
    • The occurrence of motor fluctuations in parkinsonian patients treated long term with levodopa: Role of early treatment and disease progression
    • Caraceni T, Scigliano G, Musicco M. The occurrence of motor fluctuations in parkinsonian patients treated long term with levodopa: role of early treatment and disease progression. Neurology 1991; 41:380-384.
    • (1991) Neurology , vol.41 , pp. 380-384
    • Caraceni, T.1    Scigliano, G.2    Musicco, M.3
  • 48
    • 0020989520 scopus 로고
    • Parkinsonism treated with levodopa: Progression and mortality
    • Hoehn MM. Parkinsonism treated with levodopa: progression and mortality. J Neural Transm 1983; 19:253-264.
    • (1983) J Neural Transm , vol.19 , pp. 253-264
    • Hoehn, M.M.1
  • 50
    • 0025108757 scopus 로고
    • Response fluctuations in Parkinson’s disease
    • Roos RAC, Vredevoogd CB, van der Velde EA. Response fluctuations in Parkinson’s disease. Neurology 1990; 40:1344-1346.
    • (1990) Neurology , vol.40 , pp. 1344-1346
    • Roos, R.1    Vredevoogd, C.B.2    Van Der Velde, E.A.3
  • 51
    • 0036388630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of stage of Parkinson’s disease at the onset of levodopa therapy on development of motor complications
    • Kostic VS, Marinkovic J, Svetel M, Stfanova E, Przedborski S. The effect of stage of Parkinson’s disease at the onset of levodopa therapy on development of motor complications. Eur J Neurol 2000; 9:9-14.
    • (2000) Eur J Neurol , vol.9 , pp. 9-14
    • Kostic, V.S.1    Marinkovic, J.2    Svetel, M.3    Stfanova, E.4    Przedborski, S.5
  • 52
    • 0038450941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of MPTP on Parkinson’s disease research: Past, present and future
    • Factor SA, Weiner WJ, eds. New York: Demos
    • Langston JW. The impact of MPTP on Parkinson’s disease research: past, present and future. In: Parkinson’s Disease: Diagnosis and Clinical Management. Factor SA, Weiner WJ, eds. New York: Demos, 2002:299-329.
    • (2002) Parkinson’s Disease: Diagnosis and Clinical Management , pp. 299-329
    • Langston, J.W.1
  • 53
    • 0031969137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Welcome news about levodopa, but uncertainty remains
    • Fahn S. Welcome news about levodopa, but uncertainty remains. Ann Neurol1998; 43:551-554.
    • (1998) Ann Neurol , vol.43 , pp. 551-554
    • Fahn, S.1
  • 54
    • 0023762236 scopus 로고
    • Motor fluctuations in Parkinson’s disease: Central pathophysiological mechanisms, part I
    • Fabbrini G, Mouradian MM, Juncos JL, et al. Motor fluctuations in Parkinson’s disease: Central pathophysiological mechanisms, part I. Ann Neurol 1988; 24:366-371.
    • (1988) Ann Neurol , vol.24 , pp. 366-371
    • Fabbrini, G.1    Mouradian, M.M.2    Juncos, J.L.3
  • 55
    • 0028238804 scopus 로고
    • Wearing-off fluctuations in Parkinson’s disease: Contributions of postsynaptic mechanisms
    • Bravi D, Mouradian MM, Roberts JW, Davis TL, Sohn YH, Chase TN. Wearing-off fluctuations in Parkinson’s disease: Contributions of postsynaptic mechanisms. Ann Neurol 1994; 36:27-31.
    • (1994) Ann Neurol , vol.36 , pp. 27-31
    • Bravi, D.1    Mouradian, M.M.2    Roberts, J.W.3    Davis, T.L.4    Sohn, Y.H.5    Chase, T.N.6
  • 56
    • 0023711041 scopus 로고
    • Motor fluctuations in Parkinson’s disease: Central pathophysiological mechanisms, part II
    • Mouradian MM, Juncos JL, Fabbrini G, et al: Motor fluctuations in Parkinson’s disease: Central pathophysiological mechanisms, part II. Ann Neurol 1988; 24:372-378.
    • (1988) Ann Neurol , vol.24 , pp. 372-378
    • Mouradian, M.M.1    Juncos, J.L.2    Fabbrini, G.3
  • 57
    • 0025129116 scopus 로고
    • Modification of central dopaminergic mechanisms by continuous levodopa therapy for advanced Parkinson’s disease
    • Mouradian MM, Heuser JE, Baronti F, Chase TN. Modification of central dopaminergic mechanisms by continuous levodopa therapy for advanced Parkinson’s disease. Ann Neurol 1990; 27:18-23.
    • (1990) Ann Neurol , vol.27 , pp. 18-23
    • Mouradian, M.M.1    Heuser, J.E.2    Baronti, F.3    Chase, T.N.4
  • 58
    • 0022627693 scopus 로고
    • Initiation of levodopa therapy in parkinsonian patients should be delayed until advanced stages of the disease
    • Melamed E. Initiation of levodopa therapy in parkinsonian patients should be delayed until advanced stages of the disease. Arch Neurol 1986; 43:402-405.
    • (1986) Arch Neurol , vol.43 , pp. 402-405
    • Melamed, E.1
  • 59
    • 0034012221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levodopa toxicity in Parkinson’s disease: Reality or myth? Reality—practice patterns should change
    • Shulman LM. Levodopa toxicity in Parkinson’s disease: reality or myth? Reality—practice patterns should change. Arch Neurol 2000; 57:406-407.
    • (2000) Arch Neurol , vol.57 , pp. 406-407
    • Shulman, L.M.1
  • 60
    • 0026484388 scopus 로고
    • The oxidant stress hypothesis in Parkinson’s disease: Evidence supporting it
    • Fahn S, Cohen G. The oxidant stress hypothesis in Parkinson’s disease: evidence supporting it. Ann Neurol 1992; 32:804.
    • (1992) Ann Neurol , vol.32 , pp. 804
    • Fahn, S.1    Cohen, G.2
  • 61
    • 0025242960 scopus 로고
    • Oxidation reactions in Parkinson’s disease
    • Olanow CW. Oxidation reactions in Parkinson’s disease. Neurology 1990; 40(suppl 3):32-37.
    • (1990) Neurology , vol.40 , pp. 32-37
    • Olanow, C.W.1
  • 62
    • 0026468171 scopus 로고
    • The free radical hypothesis in Parkinson’s disease: Evidence against it
    • Calne DB. The free radical hypothesis in Parkinson’s disease: evidence against it. Ann Neurol 1992; 32:799.
    • (1992) Ann Neurol , vol.32 , pp. 799
    • Calne, D.B.1
  • 63
    • 0031899713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levodopa: Is toxicity a myth?
    • Agid Y. Levodopa: is toxicity a myth? Neurology 1998; 50:858-863.
    • (1998) Neurology , vol.50 , pp. 858-863
    • Agid, Y.1
  • 64
    • 0032554497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse reactions to levodopa: Drug toxicity or progression of disease?
    • Agid Y, Chase T, Marsden D. Adverse reactions to levodopa: drug toxicity or progression of disease? Lancet 1998; 351:851-852.
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.351 , pp. 851-852
    • Agid, Y.1    Chase, T.2    Marsden, D.3
  • 65
    • 0032730204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease: A consensus meeting
    • Agid Y, Ahlskog E, Albanese A, et al. Levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease: a consensus meeting. Mov Disord 1999; 14:911-913.
    • (1999) Mov Disord , vol.14 , pp. 911-913
    • Agid, Y.1    Ahlskog, E.2    Albanese, A.3
  • 66
    • 0029775677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is levodopa toxic?
    • Fahn S. Is levodopa toxic? Neurology 1996; 47(suppl 3):S184-S195.
    • (1996) Neurology , vol.47 , pp. S184-S195
    • Fahn, S.1
  • 67
    • 0025371344 scopus 로고
    • Excitotoxicity of L-DOPA and 6-OH-DOPA: Implications for Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases
    • Olney JW, Zorumski CF, Stewart GR, et al. Excitotoxicity of L-DOPA and 6-OH-DOPA: implications for Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases. Exp Neurol 1990; 108:269-272.
    • (1990) Exp Neurol , vol.108 , pp. 269-272
    • Olney, J.W.1    Zorumski, C.F.2    Stewart, G.R.3
  • 68
    • 0027487511 scopus 로고
    • Chronic levodopa administration alters cerebral mitochondrial respiratory chain activity
    • Przedborski S, Jackson-Lewis V, Muthane U, et al. Chronic levodopa administration alters cerebral mitochondrial respiratory chain activity. Ann Neurol 1993; 34:715-723.
    • (1993) Ann Neurol , vol.34 , pp. 715-723
    • Przedborski, S.1    Jackson-Lewis, V.2    Muthane, U.3
  • 69
    • 0031023430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levodopa induces apoptosis in cultured neuronal cells-a possible accelerator of nigrostriatal degeneration in Parkinson’s disease?
    • Ziv I, Zilkha-Falb R, Shirvan A, Barzilai A, Melamed E. Levodopa induces apoptosis in cultured neuronal cells-a possible accelerator of nigrostriatal degeneration in Parkinson’s disease? Mov Disord 1997; 12:17-23.
    • (1997) Mov Disord , vol.12 , pp. 17-23
    • Ziv, I.1    Zilkha-Falb, R.2    Shirvan, A.3    Barzilai, A.4    Melamed, E.5
  • 70
    • 0019447228 scopus 로고
    • Long-term administration of levodopa does not damage dopaminergic neurons in the mouse
    • Hefti F, Melamed E, Bhawan J, Wurtman RJ. Long-term administration of levodopa does not damage dopaminergic neurons in the mouse. Neurology1981; 31:1194-1195.
    • (1981) Neurology , vol.31 , pp. 1194-1195
    • Hefti, F.1    Melamed, E.2    Bhawan, J.3    Wurtman, R.J.4
  • 71
    • 0021129038 scopus 로고
    • Nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons remain undamaged in rats given high doses of L-dopa and carbidopa chronically
    • Perry TL, Yong VW, Ito M, et al. Nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons remain undamaged in rats given high doses of L-dopa and carbidopa chronically. J Neurochem 1984; 43:990-993.
    • (1984) J Neurochem , vol.43 , pp. 990-993
    • Perry, T.L.1    Yong, V.W.2    Ito, M.3
  • 73
    • 0027287928 scopus 로고
    • Suppressive effect of L-dopa on dopamine cells remaining in the ventral tegmental area of rats previously exposed to the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine
    • Blunt SB, Jenner P, Marsden CD. Suppressive effect of L-dopa on dopamine cells remaining in the ventral tegmental area of rats previously exposed to the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine. Mov Disord 1993; 8:129-133.
    • (1993) Mov Disord , vol.8 , pp. 129-133
    • Blunt, S.B.1    Jenner, P.2    Marsden, C.D.3
  • 74
    • 0031968959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Menalled, et al. Chronic levodopa is not toxic for remaining dopamine neurons, but instead promotes their recovery, in rats with moderate nigrostriatal lesions
    • Murer MG, Dziewczapolski G, Menalled, et al. Chronic levodopa is not toxic for remaining dopamine neurons, but instead promotes their recovery, in rats with moderate nigrostriatal lesions. Ann Neurol 1998; 43:561-575.
    • (1998) Ann Neurol , vol.43 , pp. 561-575
    • Murer, M.G.1    Dziewczapolski, G.2
  • 75
    • 0030605877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of bromocriptine and/or L-DOPA on neurons in substantia nigra of MPTP-treated C57BL/6 mice
    • Fukuda T, Watabe K, Tanaka J. Effects of bromocriptine and/or L-DOPA on neurons in substantia nigra of MPTP-treated C57BL/6 mice. Brain Res 1996; 728:274-276.
    • (1996) Brain Res , vol.728 , pp. 274-276
    • Fukuda, T.1    Watabe, K.2    Tanaka, J.3
  • 76
    • 0035353737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic L-DOPA administration is not toxic to the remaining dopaminergic neurons, but instead may promote their functional recovery, in rats with partial 6-OHDA or FeCl3 nigrostriatal lesions
    • Datla KP, Blunt SB, Dexter DT. Chronic L-DOPA administration is not toxic to the remaining dopaminergic neurons, but instead may promote their functional recovery, in rats with partial 6-OHDA or FeCl3 nigrostriatal lesions. Mov Disord 2001; 16:424-434.
    • (2001) Mov Disord , vol.16 , pp. 424-434
    • Datla, K.P.1    Blunt, S.B.2    Dexter, D.T.3
  • 77
    • 0022946382 scopus 로고
    • Case report: Preservation of the substantia nigra and locus ceruleus in a patient receiving levodopa (2 g) plus a decarboxylase inhibitor over a four-year period
    • Quinn NP, Parkes D, Janota I, Marsden CD. Case report: preservation of the substantia nigra and locus ceruleus in a patient receiving levodopa (2 g) plus a decarboxylase inhibitor over a four-year period. Mov Disord 1986; 1:65-68.
    • (1986) Mov Disord , vol.1 , pp. 65-68
    • Quinn, N.P.1    Parkes, D.2    Janota, I.3    Marsden, C.D.4
  • 79
    • 0002469587 scopus 로고
    • Autopsy findings in parkinsonism following treatment with levodopa
    • Yahr MD, Wolf A, Antunes J-L, et al. Autopsy findings in parkinsonism following treatment with levodopa. Neurology 1972; 22(suppl):56-71.
    • (1972) Neurology , vol.22 , pp. 56-71
    • Yahr, M.D.1    Wolf, A.2    Antunes, J.-L.3
  • 81
    • 0019519328 scopus 로고
    • Evidence to support early levodopa therapy in Parkinson’s disease
    • Markham CH, Diamond SG. Evidence to support early levodopa therapy in Parkinson’s disease. Neurology 1981; 31:125-131.
    • (1981) Neurology , vol.31 , pp. 125-131
    • Markham, C.H.1    Diamond, S.G.2
  • 82
    • 0022574859 scopus 로고
    • Long-term follow-up of early dopa treatment in Parkinson’s disease
    • Markham CH, Diamond SG. Long-term follow-up of early dopa treatment in Parkinson’s disease. Ann Neurol 1986; 19:365-372.
    • (1986) Ann Neurol , vol.19 , pp. 365-372
    • Markham, C.H.1    Diamond, S.G.2
  • 84
    • 0025265733 scopus 로고
    • Mortality associated with early and late levodopa therapy initiation in Parkinson’s disease
    • Scigliano G, Musicco M, Soliveri P, et al. Mortality associated with early and late levodopa therapy initiation in Parkinson’s disease. Neurology 1990; 40:265-269.
    • (1990) Neurology , vol.40 , pp. 265-269
    • Scigliano, G.1    Musicco, M.2    Soliveri, P.3
  • 85
    • 0027425687 scopus 로고
    • Levodopa therapy and survival in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease: Olmsted County project
    • Uitti RJ, Ahlskog JE, Maraganore DM, et al. Levodopa therapy and survival in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease: Olmsted County project. Neurology 1993; 43:1918-1926.
    • (1993) Neurology , vol.43 , pp. 1918-1926
    • Uitti, R.J.1    Ahlskog, J.E.2    Maraganore, D.M.3
  • 86
    • 85056935230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Malignant melanoma and levodopa: Is there a relationship? Two new cases and a review of the literature
    • Pfutzner W, Przybilla B. Malignant melanoma and levodopa: is there a relationship? Two new cases and a review of the literature. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998; 38:782-784.
    • (1998) J am Acad Dermatol , vol.38 , pp. 782-784
    • Pfutzner, W.1    Przybilla, B.2
  • 87
    • 0028111911 scopus 로고
    • Safety of long-term levodopa therapy in malignant melanoma
    • Woofter M, Manyam B. Safety of long-term levodopa therapy in malignant melanoma. Clin Neuropharmacol 1994; 17:315-319.
    • (1994) Clin Neuropharmacol , vol.17 , pp. 315-319
    • Woofter, M.1    Manyam, B.2
  • 90
    • 0033793666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review of acute levodopa and apomorphine challenge tests in the diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease
    • Clarke C, Davies P. Systematic review of acute levodopa and apomorphine challenge tests in the diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2000; 69:590-594.
    • (2000) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.69 , pp. 590-594
    • Clarke, C.1    Davies, P.2
  • 91
    • 0033997364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute challenge with apomorphine and levodopa in parkinsonism
    • Rossi P, Colosimo C, Moro E, Tonali P, Albanese A. Acute challenge with apomorphine and levodopa in parkinsonism. Eur Neurol 2000; 43:95-101.
    • (2000) Eur Neurol , vol.43 , pp. 95-101
    • Rossi, P.1    Colosimo, C.2    Moro, E.3    Tonali, P.4    Albanese, A.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.