The structure and dynamics of cities: Urban data analysis and theoretical modeling

The Structure and Dynamics of Cities: Urban Data Analysis and Theoretical Modeling

Volumn , Issue , 2016, Pages 1-262

  Barthelemy, Marc ^a,b  

^a CEA SACLAY   (France)

^b ÉCOLE DES HAUTES ÉTUDES EN SCIENCES SOCIALES   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85047948577     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1017/9781316271377     Document Type: Book

References (255)

1. Acheampong, Ransford Antwi, and Silva, Elisabete. 2015. Land use-transport interaction modeling: A review of the literature and future research directions. Journal of Transport and Land Use, 8(3).
2. Aldous, David, and Huang, Bowen. 2012. A spatial model of city growth and formation. arXiv preprint arXiv:1209.5120.
3. Aldous, David J., Shun, Julian, et al. 2010. Connected spatial networks over random points and a route-length statistic. Statistical Science, 25(3), 275-288.
4. Alonso, William, et al. 1964. Location and land use: toward a general theory of land rent. Location and land use. Harvard University Press.
5. Anas, Alex, Arnott, Richard, and Small, Kenneth A. 1998. Urban spatial structure. Journal of Economic Literature, 1426-1464.
6. Anderson, Philip W. 1972. More is different. Science, 177(4047), 393-396.
7. Antunes, António Lobo, Bavaud, Francois, and Mager, Christopher. 2009. Handbook of theoretical and quantitative geography. Universitéde Lausanne, Facultéde géosciencies et de l'environment.
8. Arcaute, Elsa, Hatna, Erez, Ferguson, Peter, Youn, Hyejin, Johansson, Anders, and Batty, Michael. 2013. City boundaries and the universality of scaling laws. arXiv preprint arXiv:1301.1674.
9. Atkinson, Rowland, and Bridge, Gary. 2004. Gentrification in a global context. Routledge.
10. Axhausen, Kay W., and Gärling, Tommy. 1992. Activity-based approaches to travel analysis: conceptual frameworks, models, and research problems. Transport Reviews, 12(4), 323-341.
11. Baddeley, Alan. 2003. Working memory: looking back and looking forward. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 4(10), 829-839.
12. Bak, Per, Tang, Chao, and Wiesenfeld, Kurt. 1987. Self-organized criticality: An explanation of the 1/f noise. Physical Review Letters, 59(4), 381.
13. Balcan, Duygu, Colizza, Vittoria, Goncalves, Bruno, Hu, Hao, Ramasco, JoséJ., and Vespignani, Alessandro. 2009. Multiscale mobility networks and the spatial spreading of infectious diseases. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(51), 21484-21489.
14. Barabasi, Albert-Laszlo. 2005. The origin of bursts and heavy tails in human dynamics. Nature, 435(7039), 207-211.
15. Barenblatt, Grigory Isaakovich. 1996. Scaling, self-similarity, and intermediate asymptotics: dimensional analysis and intermediate asymptotics, vol. 14. Cambridge University Press. Barthelemy, Marc. 2004.
16. Barthelemy, Marc. 2004. Betweenness centrality in large complex networks. The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, 38(2), 163-168.
17. Barthelemy, Marc. 2011. Spatial networks. Physics Reports, 499(1), 1-101.
18. Barthelemy, Marc, and Flammini, Alessandro. 2008. Modeling urban street patterns. Physical Review Letters, 100(13), 138702.
19. Barthelemy, Marc, and Flammini, Alessandro. 2009. Co-evolution of density and topology in a simple model of city formation. Networks and Spatial Economics, 9(3), 401-425.
20. Barthelemy, Marc, Bordin, Patricia, Berestycki, Henri, and Gribaudi, Maurizio. 2013. Self-organization versus top-down planning in the evolution of a city. Scientific Reports, 3, 2153.
21. Batty, Michael. 2006. Rank clocks. Nature, 444(7119), 592-596.
22. Batty, Michael. 2007. Cities and Complexity: Understanding Cities with Cellular Automata, Agent-based Models, and Fractals. MIT Press.
23. Batty, Michael. 2008. The size, scale, and shape of cities. Science, 319(5864), 769-771.
24. Batty, Michael. 2013. The New Science of Cities. MIT Press.
25. Batty, Michael, Carvalho, Rui, Hudson-Smith, Andy, Milton, Richard, Smith, Duncan, and Steadman, Philip. 2008. Scaling and allometry in the building geometries of Greater London. The European Physical Journal B, 63(3), 303-314.
26. Bazzani, Armando, Giorgini, Bruno, Rambaldi, Sandro, Gallotti, Riccardo, and Giovannini, Luca. 2010. Statistical laws in urban mobility from microscopic GPS data in the area of Florence. Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment, 2010(05), P05001.
27. Beckmann, Martin J. 1976. Spatial equilibrium in the dispersed city. In: Environment, Regional Science and Interregional Modeling. Springer, pp. 132-141.
28. Bellman, Richard. 1957. Dynamic programming. Princeton University Press.
29. Benguigui, Lucien. 1992. The fractal dimension of some railway networks. Journal de Physique I, 2(4), 385-388.
30. Benguigui, Lucien. 1995. A fractal analysis of the public transportation system of Paris. Environment and Planning A, 27(7), 1147-1161.
31. Bernstein, Jonathan A., Alexis, Neil, Barnes, Charles, Bernstein, I Leonard, Nel, Andre, Peden, David, Diaz-Sanchez, David, Tarlo, Susan M, Williams, P. Brock, and Bernstein, Jonathan A. 2004. Health effects of air pollution. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 114(5), 1116-1123.
32. Bertaud, Alain, and Malpezzi, Stephen. 2003. The spatial distribution of population in 48 world cities: Implications for economies in transition. Center for Urban Land Economics Research, University of Wisconsin.
33. Bettencourt, Luis M.A. 2013. The origins of scaling in cities. Science, 340(6139), 1438-1441.
34. Bettencourt, Luis M.A., Lobo, José, Helbing, Dirk, Kühnert, Christian, and West, Geoffrey B. 2007. Growth, innovation, scaling, and the pace of life in cities. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(17), 7301-7306.
35. Bialek, William. 2015. Perspectives on theory at the interface of physics and biology. arXiv preprint arXiv:1512.08954.
36. Black, William R. 1971. An iterative model for generating transportation networks. Geographical Analysis, 3(3), 283288.
37. Blascheck, T., Kurzhals, K., Raschke, M., Burch, M., Weiskopf, D., and Ertl, T. 2014. State-of-the-art of visualization for eye tracking data. In: Proceedings of EuroVis, vol. 2014.
38. Blondel, Vincent D., Decuyper, Adeline, and Krings, Gautier. 2015. A survey of results on mobile phone datasets analysis. EPJ Data Science, 4(1), 1-55.
39. Boccaletti, S., Bianconi, G., Criado, R., Del Genio, C.I., Gómez-Gardeñes, J., Romance, M., Sendina-Nadal, I., Wang, Z., and Zanin, M. 2014. The structure and dynamics of multilayer networks. Physics Reports, 544(1), 1-122.
40. Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe. 2008. Economics needs a scientific revolution. Nature, 455(7217), 1181-1181.
41. Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe. 2013. Crises and collective socio-economic phenomena: simple models and challenges. Journal of Statistical Physics, 151(3-4), 567-606.
42. Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe, and Georges, Antoine. 1990. Anomalous diffusion in disordered media: statistical mechanisms, models and physical applications. Physics Reports, 195(4), 127-293.
43. Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe, and Mézard, Marc. 1997. Universality classes for extreme-value statistics. Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General, 30(23), 7997.
44. Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe, and Mézard, Marc. 2000. Wealth condensation in a simple model of economy. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 282(3), 536-545.
45. Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe, and Potters, Marc. 2003. Theory of financial risk and derivative pricing: from statistical physics to risk management. Cambridge University Press.
46. Bouttier, Jérémie, Di Francesco, Philippe, and Guitter, Emmanuel. 2004. Planar maps as labeled mobiles. Electron. J. Combin, 11(1), R69.
47. Bradt, Russell N., Johnson, S.M., and Karlin, Samuel. 1956. On sequential designs for maximizing the sum of n observations. The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 1060-1074.
48. Branston, David. 1976. Link capacity functions: A review. Transportation Research, 10(4), 223-236.
49. Bretagnolle, Anne, Pumain, Denise, and Vacchiani-Marcuzzo, Céline. 2009. The organization of urban systems. In: Complexity perspectives in innovation and social change. Springer, pp. 197-220.
50. Bretagnolle, Anne, Delisle, Francois, et al. 2010. Formes de villes en Europe et aux Etats-Unis. Mappemonde, 97.
51. Brockmann, Dirk, Hufnagel, Lars, and Geisel, Theo. 2006. The scaling laws of human travel. Nature, 439(7075), 462-465.
52. Brueckner, Jan K. 1987. The structure of urban equilibria: A unified treatment of the Muth - Mills model. Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics, 2, 821-845.
53. Brueckner, Jan K., Thisse, Jacques-Francois, and Zenou, Yves. 1999. Why is central Paris rich and downtown Detroit poor?: An amenity-based theory. European Economic Review, 43(1), 91-107.
54. Brueckner, Jan K., et al. 2000. Urban sprawl: diagnosis and remedies. International Regional Science Review, 23(2), 160-171.
55. Brueckner, Jan K., et al. 2011. Lectures on urban economics. MIT Press.
56. Buchanan, Mark. 2014. Arrogant Physicists - do they think that Economics is easy?.
57. Calabrese, Francesco, Ferrari, Laura, and Blondel, Vincent D. 2015. Urban sensing using mobile phone network data: a survey of research. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), 47(2), 25.
58. Cardillo, Alessio, Scellato, Salvatore, Latora, Vito, and Porta, Sergio. 2006. Structural properties of planar graphs of urban street patterns. Physical Review E, 73(6), 066107.
59. Carra, Giulia, Mulalic, Ismir, Fosgerau, Mogens, and Barthelemy, Marc. 2016. Modeling the relation between commuting distance and income. Journal of The Royal Society Interface 13.119 (2016): 20160306.
60. Chan, S.H.Y., Donner, Reik V., and Lämmer, Stefan. 2011. Urban road networksspatial networks with universal geometric features? The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, 84(4), 563-577.
61. Cheng, Zhiyuan, Caverlee, James, Lee, Kyumin, and Sui, Daniel Z. 2011. Exploring millions of footprints in location-sharing services. ICWSM, 2011, 81-88.
62. Chow, Yuan Shih, Robbins, Herbert, and Siegmund, David. 1971. Great expectations: The theory of optimal stopping. Houghton Mifflin.
63. Christaller, Walter. 1966. Central places in southern Germany. Prentice-Hall (English version of the original 1933 paper).
64. Colizza, Vittoria, Pastor-Satorras, Romualdo, and Vespignani, Alessandro. 2007. Reaction-diffusion processes and metapopulation models in heterogeneous networks. Nature Physics, 3(4), 276-282.
65. Coniglio, Antonio. 1989. Fractal structure of Ising and Potts clusters: exact results. Physical Review Letters, 62(26), 3054.
66. Costes, Benoit, Perret, Julien, Bucher, Bénédicte, Gribaudi, Maurizio, An aggregated graph to qualify historical spatial networks using temporal patterns detection. Proceedings of AGILE, 2015.
67. Courtat, Thomas, Gloaguen, Catherine, and Douady, Stephane. 2011. Mathematics and morphogenesis of cities: A geometrical approach. Physical Review E, 83(3), 036106.
68. Credidio, Heitor F., Teixeira, Elisangela N., Reis, Saulo D.S., Moreira, AndréA., and Andrade Jr., JoséS. 2012. Statistical patterns of visual search for hidden objects. Scientific Reports, 2.
69. Cristelli, Matthieu, Batty, Michael, and Pietronero, Luciano. 2012. There is more than a power law in Zipf. Scientific Reports, 2.
70. Crucitti, Paolo, Latora, Vito, and Porta, Sergio. 2006. Centrality measures in spatial networks of urban streets. Physical Review E, 73(3), 036125.
71. Daganzo, Carlos F. 2010. Structure of competitive transit networks. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 44(4), 434-446.
72. Dall'Asta, Luca, Castellano, Claudio, and Marsili, Matteo. 2008. Statistical physics of the Schelling model of segregation. Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment, 2008(07), L07002.
73. de Dios Ortúzar, Juan, and Willumsen, Luis G. 1994. Modelling transport. John Wiley and Sons.
74. De Domenico, Manlio, Solé-Ribalta, Albert, Cozzo, Emanuele, Kivelä, Mikko, Moreno, Yamir, Porter, Mason A., Gómez, Sergio, and Arenas, Alex. 2013. Mathematical formulation of multilayer networks. Physical Review X, 3(4), 041022.
75. Derrible, Sybil, and Kennedy, Christopher. 2009. Network analysis of world subway systems using updated graph theory. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2112(-1), 17-25.
76. Diggle, Peter J., et al. 1983. Statistical analysis of spatial point patterns. Academic Press.
77. Dixon, Philip M. 2002. Ripley's K-function. Encyclopedia of Environmetrics, John Wiley and Sons.
78. Dixon, Philip M., Weiner, Jacob, Mitchell-Olds, Thomas, and Woodley, Robert. 1987. Bootstrapping the Gini coefficient of inequality. Ecology, 1548-1551.
79. Dunbar, Robin I.M. 1992. Neocortex size as a constraint on group size in primates. Journal of Human Evolution, 22(6), 469-493.
80. Duranton, Gilles, and Diego, Puga. 2004. Micro-foundations of urban agglomeration economies. Handbook of regional and urban economics, 4, 2063-2117.
81. Duplantier, Bertrand. 1989. Statistical mechanics of polymer networks of any topology. Journal of Statistical Physics, 54(3-4), 581-680.
82. Dupuy, Gabriel, and Benguigui, Lucien Gilles. 2015. Sciences urbaines: interdisciplinarit és passive, naive, transitive, offensive. Métropoles.
83. Dyson, Freeman J. 1962. Statistical theory of the energy levels of complex systems. I. Journal of Mathematical Physics, 3(1), 140-156.
84. Erlander, Sven, and Stewart, Neil F. 1990. The gravity model in transportation analysis: theory and extensions, vol. 3. VSP.
85. Eubank, Stephen, Guclu, Hasan, Kumar, V.S. Anil, Marathe, Madhav V., Srinivasan, Aravind, Toroczkai, Zoltan, and Wang, Nan. 2004. Modelling disease outbreaks in realistic urban social networks. Nature, 429(6988), 180-184.
86. Feller, William. 1957. Introduction to probability theory and its applications, vol. 1. John Wiley and Sons.
87. Fialkowski, Marcin, and Bitner, Agnieszka. 2008. Universal rules for fragmentation of land by humans. Landscape Ecology, 23(9), 1013-1022.
88. 2 emissions and US urban areas. PloS One, 8(6), e64727.
89. Freeman, Linton C. 1977. A set of measures of centrality based on betweenness. Sociometry, 35-41.
90. Fujita, Masahisa. 1989. Urban economic theory: land use and city size. Cambridge University Press.
91. Fujita, Masahisa, and Ogawa, Hideaki. 1982. Multiple equilibria and structural transition of non-monocentric urban configurations. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 12(2), 161-196.
92. Gabaix, Xavier. 1999. Zipf's law for cities: an explanation. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 739-767.
93. Gabaix, Xavier, and Yannis M., Ioannides. 2014. The evolution of city size distributions. Handbook of regional and urban economics 4: 2341-2378.
94. Gallotti, Riccardo, and Barthelemy, Marc. 2014. Anatomy and efficiency of urban multimodal mobility. Scientific Reports, 4.
95. Gallotti, Riccardo, and Barthelemy, Marc. 2015. The multilayer temporal network of public transport in Great Britain. Scientific Data, 2.
96. Gallotti, Riccardo, Armando, Bazzani, and Sandro, Rambaldi. 2012. Towards a statistical physics of human mobility. International Journal of Modern Physics C, 23(09).
97. Gallotti, Riccardo, Bazzani, Armando, and Rambaldi, Sandro. 2015. Understanding the variability of daily travel-time expenditures using GPS trajectory data. EPJ Data Science, 4(1), 1-14.
98. Gallotti, Riccardo, Bazzani, Armando, Rambaldi, Sandro, and Barthelemy, Marc. 2016a. A stochastic model of randomly accelerated walkers for human mobility. Nature Communications 7(2016): 12600.
99. Gallotti, Riccardo, Porter, Mason A., and Barthelemy, Marc. 2016b. Lost in transportation: Information measures and cognitive limits in multilayer navigation. Science Advances, 2(2), e1500445.
100. Gastner, Michael T., and Newman, Mark E.J. 2006a. Shape and efficiency in spatial distribution networks. Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment, 2006(01), P01015.
101. Gastner, Michael T., and Newman, M.E.J. 2006b. Optimal design of spatial distribution networks. Physical Review E, 74(1), 016117.
102. Gauvin, Laetitia, Vannimenus, Jean, and Nadal, Jean-Pierre, 2009. Phase diagram of a Schelling segregation model. The European Physical Journal B, 70(2), 293-304.
103. Gibrat, Robert. 1931. Les inégalités économiques. Recueil Sirey.
104. Giuliano, Genevieve, and Small, Kenneth A. 1991. Subcenters in the Los Angeles region. Regional science and urban economics, 21(2), 163-182.
105. Glaeser, Edward L., and Kahn, Matthew E. 2010. The greenness of cities: carbon dioxide emissions and urban development. Journal of Urban Economics, 67(3), 404-418.
106. Glaeser, Edward L., Kahn, Matthew E., and Rappaport, Jordan. 2008. Why do the poor live in cities? The role of public transportation. Journal of Urban Economics, 63(1), 1-24.
107. Glass, L., and Tobler, Waldo R. 1971. Uniform distribution of objects in a homogeneous fields: cities on a plain. Nature, 233, 67-68.
108. Goldenfeld, Nigel. 1992. Lectures on phase transitions and the renormalization group. Addison-Wesley, Advanced Book Program.
109. Goncalves, Bruno, Perra, Nicola, and Vespignani, Alessandro. 2011. Modeling users' activity on twitter networks: Validation of Dunbar's number. PloS One, 6(8), e22656.
110. Gonzalez, Marta C., Hidalgo, Cesar A., and Barabasi, Albert-Laszlo. 2008. Understanding individual human mobility patterns. Nature, 453(7196), 779-782.
111. Grauwin, Sébastian, Bertin, Eric, Lemoy, Rémi, and Jensen, Pablo. 2009. Competition between collective and individual dynamics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(49), 20622-20626.
112. Griffith, Daniel A. 1981. Modeling urban population density in a multi-centered city. Journal of Urban Economics, 9(3), 298-310.
113. Guérois, Marianne, and Pumain, Denise. 2008. Built-up encroachment and the urban field: a comparison of forty European cities. Environment and Planning. A, 40(9), 2186.
114. Guibas, Leonidas, and Stolfi, Jorge. 1985. Primitives for the manipulation of general subdivisions and the computation of Voronoi. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG), 4(2), 74-123.
115. Guo, Zhan, and Wilson, Nigel H.M. 2011. Assessing the cost of transfer inconvenience in public transport systems: A case study of the London Underground. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 45(2), 91-104.
116. Gusein-Zade, Sabir M. 1982. Bunge's problem in central place theory and its generalizations. Geographical Analysis, 14(3), 246-252.
117. Haggett, Peter, and Chorley, Richard J. 1969. Network analysis in geography, vol. 67. Edward Arnold.
118. Haggett, Peter, Cliff, Andrew David, and Frey, Allan. 1977. Locational analysis in human geography. Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie, 68(6).
119. Haggstrom, Gus W. 1966. Optimal stopping and experimental design. The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 7-29.
120. Hall, Robert E., and Mueller, Andreas I. 2013. Wage dispersion and search behavior. Unpublished manuscript.
121. Hansen, Walter G. 1959. How accessibility shapes land use. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 25(2), 73-76.
122. Hawelka, Bartosz, Sitko, Izabela, Beinat, Euro, Sobolevsky, Stanislav, Kazakopoulos, Pavlos, and Ratti, Carlo. 2014. Geo-located Twitter as proxy for global mobility patterns. Cartography and Geographic Information Science, 41(3), 260-271.
123. Hernando, Alberto, Hernando, R., and Plastino, Alberto, 2014. Space-time correlations in urban sprawl. Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 11(91), 20130930.
124. Hernando, Alberto, Hernando, R., Plastino, Alberto, and Zambrano, E. 2015. Memoryendowed US cities and their demographic interactions. Journal of The Royal Society: Interface, 12(102), 20141185.
125. Hilhorst, Hendrik-Jan. 2005. Asymptotic statistics of the n-sided planar Poisson? Voronoi cell: I. Exact results. Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment, 2005(09), P09005.
126. Hilhorst, H.J. 2008. Statistical properties of planar Voronoi tessellations. The European Physical Journal B, 64(3-4), 437-441.
127. Hillier, Bill, and Hanson, Julienne. 1984. The social logic of space, vol. 1. Cambridge University Press.
128. Holme, Petter, and Saramäki, Jari. 2012. Temporal networks. Physics Reports, 519(3), 97-125.
129. Hornstein, Andreas, Krusell, Per, and Violante, Giovanni L. 2007. Frictional wage dispersion in search models: A quantitative assessment. Tech. rept. National Bureau of Economic Research.
130. Jacobs, Jane. 1961. The death and life of great American cities. Vintage.
131. Jargowsky, Paul A. 1996. Take the money and run: Economic segregation in US metropolitan areas. American Sociological Review, 984-998.
132. Jensen, Pablo. 2006. Network-based predictions of retail store commercial categories and optimal locations. Physical Review E, 74(3), 035101.
133. Jiang, Bin. 2007. A topological pattern of urban street networks: universality and peculiarity. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 384(2), 647-655.
134. Jiang, Bin, and Claramunt, Christophe. 2004. Topological analysis of urban street networks. Environment and Planning B, 31(1), 151-162.
135. Kang, Chaogui, Ma, Xiujun, Tong, Daoqin, and Liu, Yu. 2012. Intra-urban human mobility patterns: An urban morphology perspective. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 391(4), 1702-1717.
136. Kansky, Karel Joseph. 1963. Structure of transportation networks: relationships between network geometry and regional characteristics. PhD thesis.
137. Katifori, Eleni, and Magnasco, Marcelo O. 2012. Quantifying loopy network architectures. PloS One, 7(6), e37994.
138. Kaufman, L., and Rousseeuw, P.J. 1990. Finding groups in data. John Wiley and Sons.
139. Kivelä, Mikko, Arenas, Alex, Barthelemy, Marc, Gleeson, James P., Moreno, Yamir, and Porter, Mason A. 2014. Multilayer networks. Journal of Complex Networks, 2(3), 203-271.
140. Krapivsky, Pavel L., Redner, Sidney, and Ben-Naim, Eli. 2010. A kinetic view of statistical physics. Cambridge University Press.
141. Krugman, Paul R. 1996. The self-organizing economy. Blackwell.
142. Lämmer, Stefan, Gehlsen, Bjorn, and Helbing, Dirk. 2006. Scaling laws in the spatial structure of urban road networks. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 363(1), 89-95.
143. Le Néchet, Florent. 2012. Urban spatial structure, daily mobility and energy consumption: A study of 34 European cities. Cybergeo: European Journal of Geography, 24966.
144. Leitao, J.C., Miotto, J.M. Gerlach, Altmann, E.G. 2016. Is this scaling nonlinear? R. Soc. open sci. 2016 3 150649.
145. Lenormand, Maxime, Huet, Sylvie, Gargiulo, Floriana, and Deffuant, Guillaume. 2012. A universal model of commuting networks. PLoS One.
146. Lenormand, Maxime, Picornell, Miguel, Cantú-Ros, Oliva G., Tugores, Antonia, Louail, Thomas, Herranz, Ricardo, Barthelemy, Marc, Frias-Martinez, Enrique, and Ramasco, JoséJ. 2014. Cross-checking different sources of mobility information. PLoS One, 9(8), e105184.
147. Levinson, David. 2012. Network structure and city size. PLoS ONE, 7(1), e29721.
148. Levinson, David, and Wu, Yao. 2005. The rational locator reexamined: Are travel times still stable? Transportation, 32(2), 187-202.
149. Levy, Moshe, and Solomon, Sorin. 1996. Power laws are logarithmic Boltzmann laws. International Journal of Modern Physics C, 7(04), 595-601.
150. Liang, Xiao, Zheng, Xudong, Lv, Weifeng, Zhu, Tongyu, and Xu, Ke. 2012. The scaling of human mobility by taxis is exponential. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 391(5), 2135-2144.
151. Liben-Nowell, David, Novak, Jasmine, Kumar, Ravi, Raghavan, Prabhakar, and Tomkins, Andrew. 2005. Geographic routing in social networks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 102(33), 11623-11628.
152. Lippman, Steven A., and McCall, John. 1976. The economics of job search: A survey. Economic Inquiry, 14(2), 155-189.
153. Liu, Hsing, Chen, Ying-Hsing, and Lih, Jiann-Shing. 2015. Crossover from exponential to power-law scaling for human mobility pattern in urban, suburban and rural areas. The European Physical Journal B, 88(5), 1-7.
154. Liu, Yu, Kang, Chaogui, Gao, Song, Xiao, Yu, and Tian, Yuan. 2012. Understanding intra-urban trip patterns from taxi trajectory data. Journal of Geographical Systems, 14(4), 463-483.
155. Liu, Yu, Sui, Zhengwei, Kang, Chaogui, and Gao, Yong. 2014. Uncovering patterns of inter-urban trip and spatial interaction from social media check-in data. PloS One, 9(1), e86026.
156. Louail, Thomas, Lenormand, Maxime, Ros, Oliva G. Cantu, Picornell, Miguel, Herranz, Ricardo, Frias-Martinez, Enrique, Ramasco, JoséJ., and Barthelemy, Marc. 2014. From mobile phone data to the spatial structure of cities. Scientific Reports, 4.
157. Louail, Thomas, Lenormand, Maxime, Picornell, Miguel, Cantú, Oliva Garcia, Herranz, Ricardo, Frias-Martinez, Enrique, Ramasco, JoséJ., and Barthelemy, Marc. 2015. Uncovering the spatial structure of mobility networks. Nature Communications, 6.
158. Louf, Rémi, and Barthelemy, Marc. 2013. Modeling the polycentric transition of cities. Physical Review Letters, 111(19), 198702.
159. Louf, Rémi, and Barthelemy, Marc. 2014a. How congestion shapes cities: from mobility patterns to scaling. Scientific Reports, 4.
160. Louf, Rémi, and Barthelemy, Marc. 2014b. Scaling: lost in the smog. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 41, 767-769.
161. Louf, Rémi, and Barthelemy, Marc. 2014c. A typology of street patterns. Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 11(101), 20140924.
162. Louf, Rémi, and Marc, Barthelemy. 2016. Patterns of Residential Segregation. PloS one 11.6:e0157476.
163. Louf, Rémi, Roth, Camille, and Barthelemy, Marc. 2014. Scaling in transportation networks. PloS One, 9(7), e102007.
164. Luck, Steven J., and Vogel, Edward K. 1997. The capacity of visual working memory for features and conjunctions. Nature, 390(6657), 279-281.
165. Makse, Hernan A., Havlin, Shlomo, and Stanley, H.E. 1995. Modelling urban growth. Nature, 377, 19.
166. Malevergne, Yannick, Pisarenko, Vladilen, and Sornette, Didier. 2011. Testing the Pareto against the lognormal distributions with the uniformly most powerful unbiased test applied to the distribution of cities. Physical Review E, 83(3), 036111.
167. Marchetti, Cesare. 1994. Anthropological invariants in travel behavior. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 47(1), 75-88.
168. Marcon, Eric, and Puech, Florence. 2009. Measures of the geographic concentration of industries: improving distance-based methods. Journal of Economic Geography, lbp056.
169. Marshall, Stephen. 2004. Streets and Patterns. Routledge.
170. Massey, Douglas S., and Denton, Nancy A. 1988. The dimensions of residential segregation. Social Forces, 67(2), 281-315.
171. Masucci, A.P., Smith, D., Crooks, A., and Batty, Michael. 2009. Random planar graphs and the London street network. The European Physical Journal B-Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, 71(2), 259-271.
172. McCall, John Joseph. 1970. Economics of information and job search. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 113-126.
173. McMillen, Daniel P. 2001. Nonparametric employment subcenter identification. Journal of Urban Economics, 50(3), 448-473.
174. McMillen, Daniel P., and Smith, Stefani C. 2003. The number of subcenters in large urban areas. Journal of Urban Economics, 53(3), 321-338.
175. Mézard, Marc, Parisi, Giorgio, and Virasoro, Miguel-Angel. 1990. Spin glass theory and beyond. World Scientific Publishing Co., Inc., Pergamon Press.
176. Mileyko, Yuriy, Edelsbrunner, Herbert, Price, Charles A., and Weitz, Joshua S. 2012. Hierarchical ordering of reticular networks. PloS One, 7(6), e36715.
177. Morris, Richard G., and Barthelemy, Marc. 2012. Transport on coupled spatial networks. Physical Review Letters, 109(12), 128703.
178. Mossay, Pascal, and Picard, Pierre M. 2011. On spatial equilibria in a social interaction model. Journal of Economic Theory, 146(6), 2455-2477.
179. Muth, Richard F. 1969. Cities and housing: The spatial pattern of urban residential land use. University of Chicago Press.
180. Nadai, Marco De, Staiano, Jacopo, Larcher, Roberto, Sebe, Nicu, Quercia, Daniele, and Lepri, Bruno. 2016. The Death and Life of Great Italian Cities: A Mobile Phone Data Perspective. In: Proceedings of World Wide Web (WWW). ACM.
181. Newman, Mark. 2000. Applied mathematics: The power of design. Nature, 405(6785), 412-413.
182. Newman, Mark. 2001. Scientific collaboration networks. II. Shortest paths, weighted networks, and centrality. Physical Review E, 64(1), 016132.
183. Newman, Peter W.G., and Kenworthy, Jeffrey R. 1989. Gasoline consumption and cities: a comparison of US cities with a global survey. Journal of the American Planning Association, 55(1), 24-37.
184. Nicosia, Vincenzo, Louf, Rémi, Latora, Vito, and Barthelemy, Marc. 2016. Fragmentation models for road patterns. Submitted.
185. Niedzielski, Michael A., and Malecki, Edward J. 2012. Making tracks: rail networks in world cities. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 102(6), 1409-1431.
186. Noulas, Anastasios, Scellato, Salvatore, Lambiotte, Renaud, Pontil, Massimiliano, and Mascolo, Cecilia. 2012. A tale of many cities: universal patterns in human urban mobility. PloS One, 7(5), e37027.
187. Ogawa, Hideaki, and Fujita, Masahisa. 1980. Equilibrium land use patterns in a nonmonocentric city. Journal of Regional Science, 20(4), 455-475.
188. Ogawa, Hideaki, and Fujita, Masahisa. 1989. Nonmonocentric urban configurations in a two-dimensional space. Environment and Planning A, 21(3), 363-374.
189. Okabe, Atsuyuki, and Sadahiro, Y. 1996. An illusion of spatial hierarchy: spatial hierarchy in a random configuration. Environment and Planning A, 28(9), 1533-1552.
190. Oliveira, Erneson A., Andrade Jr, JoséS., and Makse, Hernán A. 2014. Large cities are less green. Scientific Reports, 4.
191. Oreskes, Naomi. 2004. The scientific consensus on climate change. Science, 306(5702), 1686-1686.
192. O'Sullivan, David, and Manson, Steven M. 2015. Do physicists have geography envy? And what can geographers learn from it? Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 105(4), 704-722.
193. Paas, Fred, Renkl, Alexander, and Sweller, John. 2003. Cognitive load theory and instructional design: Recent developments. Educational Psychologist, 38(1), 1-4.
194. Pan, Wei, Ghoshal, Gourab, Krumme, Coco, Cebrian, Manuel, and Pentland, Alex. 2013. Urban characteristics attributable to density-driven tie formation. Nature Communications, 4.
195. Penn, Alan. 2003. Space syntax and spatial cognition or why the axial line? Environment and Behavior, 35(1), 30-65.
196. Perret, Julien, Gribaudi, Maurizio, and Barthelemy, Marc. 2015. Roads and cities of 18th-century France. Scientific Data, 2.
197. Porta, Sergio, Crucitti, Paolo, and Latora, Vito. 2006a. The network analysis of urban streets: A dual approach. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 369(2), 853-866.
198. Porta, Sergio, Crucitti, Paolo, and Latora, Vito. 2006b. The network analysis of urban streets: A primal approach. Environment and Planning B: Planning and design, 33, 705-725.
199. Porta, Sergio, Strano, Emanuele, Iacoviello, Valentino, Messora, Roberto, Latora, Vito, Cardillo, Alessio, Wang, Fahui, and Scellato, Salvatore. 2009. Street centrality and densities of retail and services in Bologna, Italy. Environment and Planning B: Planning and design, 36(3), 450-465.
200. Pumain, Denise. 1997. Pour une théorie évolutive des villes. Espace géographique, 26(2), 119-134.
201. Pumain, Denise. 2004. Scaling laws and urban systems. Santa Fe Institute, Working Paper n 04-02, 2, 26.
202. Pumain, Denise and Moriconi-Ebrard, F. 1997. City size distribution and metropolisation. Geojournal, 43, 307-314.
203. Rasmussen, Shelley L., and Starr, Norman. 1979. Optimal and adaptive stopping in the search for new species. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74(367), 661-667.
204. Reed, William J., and Hughes, Barry D. 2002. From gene families and genera to incomes and internet file sizes: Why power laws are so common in nature. Physical Review E, 66(6), 067103.
205. Reynolds-Feighan, Aisling. 2001. Traffic distribution in low-cost and full-service carrier networks in the US air transportation market. Journal of Air Transport Management, 7(5), 265-275.
206. Rhee, Injong, Shin, Minsu, Hong, Seongik, Lee Kyunghan, KimSeong Joon, and Chong, Song. 2011. On the levy-walk nature of human mobility. IEEE/ACM transactions on networking (TON), 19(3), 630-643.
207. Rosvall, Martin, Trusina, Ala, Minnhagen, Petter, and Sneppen, Kim. 2005. Networks and cities: An information perspective. Physical Review Letters, 94(2), 028701.
208. Roth, Camille, Kang, Soong Moon, Batty, Michael, and Barthelemy, Marc. 2011. Structure of urban movements: polycentric activity and entangled hierarchical flows. PloS One, 6(1), e15923.
209. Roth, Camille, Kang, Soong Moon, Batty, Michael, and Barthelemy, Marc. 2012. A long-time limit for world subway networks. Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 9(75), 25402550.
210. Rozenblat, Céline, and Pumain, Denise. 2007. Firm linkages, innovation and the evolution of urban systems. Cities in Globalization: Practices, Policies, and Theories, 130-156.
211. Rozenfeld, Hernán D., Rybski, Diego, Andrade, JoséS., Batty, Michael, Stanley, H. Eugene, and Makse, Hernán A. 2008. Laws of population growth. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105(48), 18702-18707.
212. Rozenfeld, Hernán D., Diego, Rybski, Xavier, Gabaix, and Hernn A., Makse. 2011. The area and population of cities: New insights from a different perspective on cities. The American Economic Review 101, no. 5: 2205-2225.
213. Runions, Adam, Fuhrer, Martin, Lane, Brendan, Federl, Pavol, Rolland-Lagan, Anne-Gaëlle, and Prusinkiewicz, Przemyslaw. 2005. Modeling and visualization of leaf venation patterns. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG), vol. 24. ACM, pp. 702-711.
214. Rybski, Diego, Dominik E., Reusser, Anna-Lena, Winz, Christina, Fichtner, Till, Sterzel, and Jrgen P., Kropp. 2016. Cities as nuclei of sustainability?. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design: 0265813516638340.
215. Samaniego, Horacio, and Moses, Melanie E. 2008. Cities as organisms: Allometric scaling of urban road networks. Journal of Transport and Land Use, 1(1).
216. Schelling, Thomas C. 1971. Dynamic models of segregation. Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 1(2), 143-186.
217. Schläpfer, Markus, Lee, Joey, and Bettencourt, Luís. 2015. Urban Skylines: Building heights and shapes as measures of city size. arXiv preprint arXiv:1512.00946.
218. Schwarz, Nina. 2010. Urban form revisited: Selecting indicators for characterising European cities. Landscape and Urban Planning, 96(1), 29-47.
219. Seidman, Stephen B. 1983. Network structure and minimum degree. Social Networks, 5(3), 269-287.
220. Sen, Parongama. 1999. Nonlocal conservation in the coupling field: effect on critical dynamics. Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General, 32(9), 1623.
221. Shiryaev, Albert N. 1963. On optimum methods in quickest detection problems. Theory of Probability & Its Applications, 8(1), 22-46.
222. Simini, Filippo, González, Marta C., Maritan, Amos, and Barabási, Albert-László. 2012. A universal model for mobility and migration patterns. Nature, 484(7392), 96-100.
223. Song, Chaoming, Qu, Zehui, Blumm, Nicholas, and Barabási, Albert-László. 2010a. Limits of predictability in human mobility. Science, 327(5968), 1018-1021.
224. Song, Chaoming, Koren, Tal, Wang, Pu, and Barabási, Albert-László. 2010b. Modelling the scaling properties of human mobility. Nature Physics, 6(10), 818-823.
225. Soo, Kwok Tong. 2005. Zipf's Law for cities: a cross-country investigation. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 35(3), 239-263.
226. Sornette, Didier, and Cont, Rama. 1997. Convergent multiplicative processes repelled from zero: power laws and truncated power laws. Journal de Physique I, 7(3), 431-444.
227. Southworth, Michael, and Ben-Joseph, Eran. 2003. Streets and the Shaping of Towns and Cities. Island Press.
228. Stanley, H. Eugene. 1971. Introduction to phase transitions and critical phenomena. Oxford University Press.
229. Stigler, George J. 1961. The economics of information. The Journal of Political Economy, 213-225.
230. Strano, Emanuele, Nicosia, Vincenzo, Latora, Vito, Porta, Sergio, and Barthelemy, Marc. 2012. Elementary processes governing the evolution of road networks. Scientific Reports, 2.
231. Strano, Emanuele, Shai, Saray, Dobson, Simon, and Barthelemy, Marc. 2015. Multiplex networks in metropolitan areas: generic features and local effects. Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 12(111), 20150651.
232. Sung, Hyungun, Lee, Sugie, and Cheon, SangHyun. 2015. Operationalizing Jane Jacobs's urban design theory: empirical verification from the great city of Seoul, Korea. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 0739456X14568021.
233. Tang, Jinjun, Liu, Fang, Wang, Yinhai, and Wang, Hua. 2015. Uncovering urban human mobility from large-scale taxi GPS data. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 438, 140-153.
234. Thisse, Jacques-Francois. 2014. The New Science of Cities by Michael Batty: The opinion of an economist. Journal of Economic Literature, 52(3), 805-819.
235. Tsai, Yu-Hsin. 2005. Quantifying urban form: compactness versus sprawl. Urban Studies, 42(1), 141-161.
236. Venerandi, Alessandro, Zanella, Mattia, Romice, Ombretta, and Porta, Sergio. 2014. The Form of Gentrification. arXiv preprint arXiv:1411.2984.
237. Viana, Matheus P., Strano, Emanuele, Bordin, Patricia, and Barthelemy, Marc. 2013. The simplicity of planar networks. Scientific Reports, 3.
238. Vinković, Dejan, and Kirman, Alan. 2006. A physical analogue of the Schelling model. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103(51), 19261-19265.
239. Von Thunen, Johann Heinrich, and Hall, Peter Geoffrey. 1966. Isolated state. Pergamon.
240. Wald, A. 1947. Sequential Analysis. 1947.
241. Wang, Pu, Hunter, Timothy, Bayen, Alexandre M., Schechtner, Katja, and González, Marta C. 2012. Understanding road usage patterns in urban areas. Scientific Reports, 2.
242. Wang, Wenjun, Pan, Lin, Yuan, Ning, Zhang, Sen, and Liu, Dong. 2015. A comparative analysis of intra-city human mobility by taxi. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 420, 134-147.
243. Weiner, Edward. 1999. Urban transportation planning in the United States: An historical overview. Greenwood Publishing Group.
244. Wilkerson, Galen, Khalili, Ramin, and Schmid, Stefan. 2013. Urban mobility scaling: Lessons from little data. arXiv preprint arXiv:1401.0207.
245. Wilson, Alan Geoffrey. 1969. The use of entropy maximising models, in the theory of trip distribution, mode split and route split. Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, 108-126.
246. Xie, Feng, and Levinson, David. 2007. Measuring the structure of road networks. Geographical Analysis, 39(3), 336-356.
247. Xie, Feng, and Levinson, David M. 2011. Evolving transportation networks, vol. 1. Springer.
248. Yan, Xiao-Yong, Han, Xiao-Pu, Wang, Bing-Hong, and Zhou, Tao. 2013. Diversity of individual mobility patterns and emergence of aggregated scaling laws. Scientific Reports, 3.
249. Yerra, Bhanu M., and Levinson, David M. 2005. The emergence of hierarchy in transportation networks. The Annals of Regional Science, 39(3), 541-553.
250. Zaburdaev, V., Denisov, S., and Klafter, J. 2015. Lévy walks. Reviews of Modern Physics, 87(2), 483.
251. Zahavi, Yacov. 1974. Traveltime budgets and mobility in urban areas. Tech. rept.
252. Zhao, Kai, Musolesi, Mirco, Hui, Pan, Rao, Weixiong, and Tarkoma, Sasu. 2015. Explaining the power-law distribution of human mobility through transportation modality decomposition. Scientific Reports, 5.
253. Zheng, Yu, Capra, Licia, Wolfson, Ouri, and Yang, Hai. 2014. Urban computing: Concepts, methodologies, and applications. ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology (TIST), 5(3), 38.
254. Zipf, George Kingsley. 1946. The P1 P2/D hypothesis: On the intercity movement of persons. American Sociological Review, 677-686.
255. Zipf, George Kingsley. 1949. Human behavior and the principle of least effort. Addison-Wesley Press.