Age-specific association between blood pressure and vascular and non-vascular chronic diseases in 0·5 million adults in China: a prospective cohort study

The Lancet Global Health

Volumn 6, Issue 6, 2018, Pages e641-e649

  Lacey, Ben ^a   Lewington, Sarah ^a,f   Clarke, Robert ^a,f   Kong, Xiang Ling ^a   Chen, Yiping ^a,f   Guo, Yu ^b,f   Yang, Ling ^a,f   Bennett, Derrick ^a,f   Bragg, Fiona ^a,f   Bian, Zheng ^b,f   Wang, Shaojie ^c,f   Zhang, Hua ^c,f   Chen, Junshi ^d,f   Walters, Robin G ^a,f   Collins, Rory ^a,f   Peto, Richard ^a,f   Li, Liming ^e,f   Chen, Zhengming ^a,f   Lv, Jun ^f   Avery, Daniel ^f   Boxall, Ruth ^f   Chang, Yumei ^f   Du, Huaidong ^f   Gilbert, Simon ^f   Hacker, Alex ^f   Holmes, Michael ^f   Iona, Andri ^f   Kartsonaki, Christiana ^f   Kerosi, Rene ^f   Kurmi, Om ^f   Lancaster, Garry ^f   Lin, Kuang ^f   McDonnell, John ^f   Millwood, Iona ^f   Nie, Qunhua ^f   Radhakrishnan, Jayakrishnan ^f   Ryder, Paul ^f   Sansome, Sam ^f   Schmidt, Dan ^f   Sherliker, Paul ^f   Sohoni, Rajani ^f   Stevens, Becky ^f   Turnbull, Iain ^f   Wang, Jenny ^f   Wang, Lin ^f   Wright, Neil ^f   Yang, Xiaoming ^f   Chen, Ge ^f   Han, Xiao ^f   Hou, Can ^f   Pei, Pei ^f   Qu, Shuzhen ^f   Tan, Yunlong ^f   Yu, Canqing ^f   Pang, Zengchang ^f   Gao, Ruqin ^f   Liu, Yongmei ^f   Du, Ranran ^f   Zang, Yajing ^f   Cheng, Liang ^f   Tian, Xiaocao ^f   Lv, Silu ^f   Wang, Junzheng ^f   Hou, Wei ^f   Yin, Jiyuan ^f   Jiang, Ge ^f   Zhou, Xue ^f   Yang, Liqiu ^f   He, Hui ^f   Yu, Bo ^f   Li, Yanjie ^f   Mu, Huaiyi ^f   Xu, Qinai ^f   Dou, Meiling ^f   Ren, Jiaojiao ^f   Wang, Shanqing ^f   Hu, Ximin ^f   Wang, Hongmei ^f   Chen, Jinyan ^f   Fu, Yan ^f   Fu, Zhenwang ^f   Wang, Xiaohuan ^f   Weng, Min ^f   Zheng, Xiangyang ^f   Li, Yilei ^f   Li, Huimei ^f   Wang, Yanjun ^f   Wu, Ming ^f   Zhou, Jinyi ^f   Tao, Ran ^f   Yang, Jie ^f   Ni, Chuanming ^f   Zhang, Jun ^f   Hu, Yihe ^f   Lu, Yan ^f   Ma, Liangcai ^f   Tang, Aiyu ^f   Zhang, Shuo ^f   Jin, Jianrong ^f   Liu, Jingchao ^f   Tang, Zhenzhu ^f   Chen, Naying ^f   Huang, Ying ^f   Li, Mingqiang ^f   Meng, Jinhuai ^f   Pan, Rong ^f   Jiang, Qilian ^f   Zhang, Weiyuan ^f   Liu, Yun ^f   Wei, Liuping ^f   Zhou, Liyuan ^f   Chen, Ningyu ^f   Guan, Hairong ^f   Wu, Xianping ^f   Zhang, Ningmei ^f   Chen, Xiaofang ^f   Tang, Xuefeng ^f   Luo, Guojin ^f   Li, Jianguo ^f   Zhong, Xunfu ^f   Liu, Jiaqiu ^f   Sun, Qiang ^f   Ge, Pengfei ^f   Ren, Xiaolan ^f   Dong, Caixia ^f   Zhang, Hui ^f   Mao, Enke ^f   Wang, Xiaoping ^f   Wang, Tao ^f   Zhang, Xi ^f   Zhang, Ding ^f   Zhou, Gang ^f   Feng, Shixian ^f   Chang, Liang ^f   Fan, Lei ^f   Gao, Yulian ^f   He, Tianyou ^f   Sun, Huarong ^f   He, Pan ^f   Hu, Chen ^f   Lv, Qiannan ^f   Zhang, Xukui ^f   Yu, Min ^f   Hu, Ruying ^f   Wang, Hao ^f   Qian, Yijian ^f   Wang, Chunmei ^f   Xie, Kaixue ^f   Chen, Lingli ^f   Zhang, Yidan ^f   Pan, Dongxia ^f   Huang, Yuelong ^f   Chen, Biyun ^f   Yin, Li ^f   Jin, Donghui ^f   Liu, Huilin ^f   Fu, Zhongxi ^f   Xu, Qiaohua ^f   Xu, Xin ^f   Zhang, Hao ^f   Xiong, Youping ^f   Long, Huajun ^f   Li, Xianzhi ^f   Zhang, Libo ^f   Qiu, Zhe ^f   more..

^a CLINICAL TRIAL SERVICE UNIT   (United Kingdom)

^b PEKING UNION MEDICAL COLLEGE   (China)

^c Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control Preventation   (China)

^d CHINA NATIONAL CENTER FOR FOOD SAFETY RISK ASSESSMENT   (China)

^e PEKING UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER   (China)

^f NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BLOOD PRESSURE; BODY MASS; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CHINA; CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE; COHORT ANALYSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; OBSERVATIONAL STUDY; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; SOCIAL STATUS; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; AGE DISTRIBUTION; CHRONIC DISEASE; MIDDLE AGED;

ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; BLOOD PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CHINA; CHRONIC DISEASE; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES;

EID: 85046778606     PISSN: None     EISSN: 2214109X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30217-1     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. WHO. Global action plan for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases 2013–2020. 2013, World Health Organization, Geneva.
2. Benziger, CP, Roth, GA, Moran, AE, The global burden of disease study and the preventable burden of NCD. Glob Heart 11 (2016), 393–397.
3. Forouzanfar, MH, Liu, P, Roth, GA, et al. Global burden of hypertension and systolic blood pressure of at least 110 to 115 mm Hg, 1990–2015. JAMA 317 (2017), 165–182.
4. Prospective Studies Collaboration. Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies. Lancet 360 (2002), 1903–1913.
5. Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration. Blood pressure and cardiovascular disease in the Asia Pacific region. J Hypertens 21 (2003), 707–716.
6. Ettehad, D, Emdin, CA, Kiran, A, et al. Blood pressure lowering for prevention of cardiovascular disease and death: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 387 (2016), 957–967.
7. Global Burden of Disease 2016 Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific mortality for 264 causes of death, 1980–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet 390 (2017), 1151–1210.
8. Hankey, GJ, Stroke. Lancet 389 (2017), 641–654.
9. Song, YM, Sung, J, Lawlor, DA, Davey Smith, G, Shin, Y, Ebrahim, S, Blood pressure, haemorrhagic stroke, and ischaemic stroke: the Korean national prospective occupational cohort study. BMJ 328 (2004), 324–325.
10. Kim, HC, Nam, CM, Jee, SH, Suh, I, Comparison of blood pressure-associated risk of intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage: Korea Medical Insurance Corporation study. Hypertension 46 (2005), 393–397.
11. Tsai, CF, Jeng, JS, Anderson, N, Sudlow, CLM, Comparisons of risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage versus ischemic stroke in Chinese patients. Neuroepidemiology 48 (2017), 72–78.
12. Emdin, CA, Anderson, SG, Woodward, M, Rahimi, K, Usual blood pressure and risk of new-onset diabetes: evidence from 4·1 million adults and a meta-analysis of prospective studies. J Am Coll Cardiol 66 (2015), 1552–1562.
13. Stocks, T, Van Hemelrijck, M, Manjer, J, et al. Blood pressure and risk of cancer incidence and mortality in the Metabolic Syndrome and Cancer Project. Hypertension 59 (2012), 802–810.
14. Herrington, W, Staplin, N, Judge, PK, et al. Evidence for reverse causality in the association between blood pressure and cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic kidney disease. Hypertension 69 (2017), 314–322.
15. Chen, Z, Lee, L, Chen, J, et al. Cohort profile: the Kadoorie Study of Chronic Disease in China (KSCDC). Int J Epidemiol 34 (2005), 1243–1249.
16. Chen, Z, Chen, J, Collins, R, et al. China Kadoorie Biobank of 0·5 million people: survey methods, baseline characteristics and long-term follow-up. Int J Epidemiol 40 (2011), 1652–1666.
17. Clarke, R, Shipley, M, Lewington, S, et al. Underestimation of risk associations due to regression dilution in long-term follow-up of prospective studies. Am J Epidemiol 150 (1999), 341–353.
18. Rosner, B, Willett, WC, Spiegelman, D, Correction of logistic regression relative risk estimates and confidence intervals for systematic within-person measurement error. Stat Med 8 (1989), 1051–1069.
19. Plummer, M, Improved estimates of floating absolute risk. Stat Med 23 (2004), 93–104.
20. Rockhill, B, Newman, B, Weinberg, C, Use and misuse of population attributable fractions. Am J Public Health 88 (1998), 15–19.
21. Gu, D, Kelly, TN, Wu, X, et al. Blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular disease in Chinese men and women. Am J Hypertens 21 (2008), 265–272.
22. He, J, Gu, D, Chen, J, et al. Premature deaths attributable to blood pressure in China: a prospective cohort study. Lancet 374 (2009), 1765–1772.
23. Zhou, M, Offer, A, Yang, G, et al. Body mass index, blood pressure, and mortality from stroke: a nationally representative prospective study of 212,000 Chinese men. Stroke 39 (2008), 753–759.
24. Jackson, C, Sudlow, C, Are lacunar strokes really different? A systematic review of differences in risk factor profiles between lacunar and nonlacunar infarcts. Stroke 36 (2005), 891–901.
25. Tsai, CF, Thomas, B, Sudlow, CL, Epidemiology of stroke and its subtypes in Chinese vs white populations: a systematic review. Neurology 81 (2013), 264–272.
26. Law, MR, Morris, JK, Wald, NJ, Use of blood pressure lowering drugs in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: meta-analysis of 147 randomised trials in the context of expectations from prospective epidemiological studies. BMJ, 338, 2009, b1665.
27. Whelton, PK, Carey, RM, Aronow, WS, et al. 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2017 published online Nov 7. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.11.006.
28. Wright, JT Jr, Williamson, JD, Whelton, PK, et al. A randomized trial of intensive versus standard blood-pressure control. N Engl J Med 373 (2015), 2103–2116.
29. Lu, J, Lu, Y, Wang, X, et al. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in China: data from 1·7 million adults in a population-based screening study (China PEACE Million Persons Project). Lancet 390 (2017), 2549–2558.
30. Gao, Y, Chen, G, Tian, H, et al. Prevalence of hypertension in china: a cross-sectional study. PLoS One, 8, 2013, e65938.
31. Wu, Y, Huxley, R, Li, L, et al. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in China: data from the China National Nutrition and Health Survey 2002. Circulation 118 (2008), 2679–2686.
32. Lewington, S, Lacey, B, Clarke, R, et al. The burden of hypertension and associated risk for cardiovascular mortality in China. JAMA Intern Med 176 (2016), 524–532.
33. Rothwell, PM, Howard, SC, Dolan, E, et al. Prognostic significance of visit-to-visit variability, maximum systolic blood pressure, and episodic hypertension. Lancet 375 (2010), 895–905.
34. Shimbo, D, Newman, JD, Aragaki, AK, et al. Association between annual visit-to-visit blood pressure variability and stroke in postmenopausal women: data from the Women's Health Initiative. Hypertension 60 (2012), 625–630.
35. Chang, TI, Reboussin, DM, Chertow, GM, et al. Visit-to-visit office blood pressure variability and cardiovascular outcomes in SPRINT (systolic blood pressure intervention trial). Hypertension 70 (2017), 751–758.
36. Elliott, WJ, Meyer, PM, Incident diabetes in clinical trials of antihypertensive drugs: a network meta-analysis. Lancet 369 (2007), 201–207.
37. Gu, D, He, J, Coxson, PG, et al. The cost-effectiveness of low-cost essential antihypertensive medicines for hypertension control in China: a modelling study. PLoS Med, 12, 2015, e1001860.
38. Brown, IJ, Tzoulaki, I, Candeias, V, Elliott, P, Salt intakes around the world: implications for public health. Int J Epidemiol 38 (2009), 791–813.
39. Lewington, S, Li, L, Sherliker, P, et al. Seasonal variation in blood pressure and its relationship with outdoor temperature in 10 diverse regions of China: the China Kadoorie Biobank. J Hypertens 30 (2012), 1383–1391.
40. Poulter, NR, Prabhakaran, D, Caulfield, M, Hypertension. Lancet 386 (2015), 801–812.