메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 112, Issue , 2018, Pages 59-67

Presence of diphenyl phosphate and aryl-phosphate flame retardants in indoor dust from different microenvironments in Spain and the Netherlands and estimation of human exposure

Author keywords

Aryl phosphate flame retardants; Diphenyl phosphate; Human exposure; Indoor dust; Triphenyl phosphate

Indexed keywords

DEGRADATION; FLAME RETARDANTS; METABOLITES; PHENOLS;

EID: 85038107693     PISSN: 01604120     EISSN: 18736750     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.11.028     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (117)

References (67)
  • 1
    • 84899878503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organophosphate flame retardants in indoor dust from Egypt: implications for human exposure
    • Abdallah, M.A., Covaci, A., Organophosphate flame retardants in indoor dust from Egypt: implications for human exposure. Environ. Sci. Technol. 48:9 (2014), 4782–4789.
    • (2014) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.48 , Issue.9 , pp. 4782-4789
    • Abdallah, M.A.1    Covaci, A.2
  • 2
    • 84908426087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of in vitro vs. in vivo methods for assessment of dermal absorption of organic flame retardants: a review
    • Abdallah, M.A.E., Pawar, G., Harrad, S., Evaluation of in vitro vs. in vivo methods for assessment of dermal absorption of organic flame retardants: a review. Environ. Int. 74 (2015), 13–22.
    • (2015) Environ. Int. , vol.74 , pp. 13-22
    • Abdallah, M.A.E.1    Pawar, G.2    Harrad, S.3
  • 3
  • 4
    • 84860229491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of human exposure to indoor organic contaminants via dust ingestion in Pakistan
    • Ali, N., Van den Eede, N., Dirtu, A.C., Neels, H., Covaci, A., Assessment of human exposure to indoor organic contaminants via dust ingestion in Pakistan. Indoor Air 22:3 (2012), 200–211.
    • (2012) Indoor Air , vol.22 , Issue.3 , pp. 200-211
    • Ali, N.1    Van den Eede, N.2    Dirtu, A.C.3    Neels, H.4    Covaci, A.5
  • 5
    • 84875581803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levels and profiles of organochlorines and flame retardants in car and house dust from Kuwait and Pakistan: implication for human exposure via dust ingestion
    • Ali, N., Ali, L., Mehdi, T., Dirtu, A.C., Al-Shammari, F., Neels, H., Covaci, A., Levels and profiles of organochlorines and flame retardants in car and house dust from Kuwait and Pakistan: implication for human exposure via dust ingestion. Environ. Int. 55 (2013), 62–70.
    • (2013) Environ. Int. , vol.55 , pp. 62-70
    • Ali, N.1    Ali, L.2    Mehdi, T.3    Dirtu, A.C.4    Al-Shammari, F.5    Neels, H.6    Covaci, A.7
  • 6
    • 84975804540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brominated and organophosphate flame retardants in indoor dust of Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: implications for human exposure
    • Ali, N., Eqani, S.A., Ismail, I.M., Malarvannan, G., Kadi, M.W., Albar, H.M., Rehan, M., Covaci, A., Brominated and organophosphate flame retardants in indoor dust of Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: implications for human exposure. Sci. Total Environ. 569-570 (2016), 269–277.
    • (2016) Sci. Total Environ. , vol.569-570 , pp. 269-277
    • Ali, N.1    Eqani, S.A.2    Ismail, I.M.3    Malarvannan, G.4    Kadi, M.W.5    Albar, H.M.6    Rehan, M.7    Covaci, A.8
  • 9
    • 84925003518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro human metabolism of the flame retardant resorcinol bis(diphenylphosphate) (RDP)
    • Ballesteros-Gomez, A., Van den Eede, N., Covaci, A., In vitro human metabolism of the flame retardant resorcinol bis(diphenylphosphate) (RDP). Environ. Sci. Technol. 49:6 (2015), 3897–3904.
    • (2015) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.49 , Issue.6 , pp. 3897-3904
    • Ballesteros-Gomez, A.1    Van den Eede, N.2    Covaci, A.3
  • 10
    • 84958279410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impurities of resorcinol bis(diphenyl phosphate) in plastics and dust collected on electric/electronic material
    • Ballesteros-Gomez, A., Aragon, A., Van den Eede, N., de Boer, J., Covaci, A., Impurities of resorcinol bis(diphenyl phosphate) in plastics and dust collected on electric/electronic material. Environ. Sci. Technol. 50:4 (2016), 1934–1940.
    • (2016) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.50 , Issue.4 , pp. 1934-1940
    • Ballesteros-Gomez, A.1    Aragon, A.2    Van den Eede, N.3    de Boer, J.4    Covaci, A.5
  • 11
    • 78650909827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organophosphate and phthalate esters in air and settled dust - a multi-location indoor study
    • Bergh, C., Torgrip, R., Emenius, G., Ostman, C., Organophosphate and phthalate esters in air and settled dust - a multi-location indoor study. Indoor Air 21:1 (2011), 67–76.
    • (2011) Indoor Air , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 67-76
    • Bergh, C.1    Torgrip, R.2    Emenius, G.3    Ostman, C.4
  • 12
    • 10844240638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective determination of organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers in indoor air by gas chromatography, positive-ion chemical ionization and collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry
    • Björklund, J., Isetun, S., Nilsson, U., Selective determination of organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers in indoor air by gas chromatography, positive-ion chemical ionization and collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 18:24 (2004), 3079–3083.
    • (2004) Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. , vol.18 , Issue.24 , pp. 3079-3083
    • Björklund, J.1    Isetun, S.2    Nilsson, U.3
  • 13
    • 84355166214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence and fate of organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in coastal and marine surface waters
    • Bollmann, U.E., Moller, A., Xie, Z., Ebinghaus, R., Einax, J.W., Occurrence and fate of organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in coastal and marine surface waters. Water Res. 46:2 (2012), 531–538.
    • (2012) Water Res. , vol.46 , Issue.2 , pp. 531-538
    • Bollmann, U.E.1    Moller, A.2    Xie, Z.3    Ebinghaus, R.4    Einax, J.W.5
  • 14
    • 84890619971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dust measurement of two organophosphorus flame retardants, resorcinol bis(diphenylphosphate) (RBDPP) and bisphenol A bis(diphenylphosphate) (BPA-BDPP), used as alternatives for BDE-209
    • Brandsma, S.H., Sellström, U., de Wit, C.A., De Boer, J., Leonards, P.E.G., Dust measurement of two organophosphorus flame retardants, resorcinol bis(diphenylphosphate) (RBDPP) and bisphenol A bis(diphenylphosphate) (BPA-BDPP), used as alternatives for BDE-209. Environ. Sci. Technol. 47:24 (2013), 14434–144441.
    • (2013) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.47 , Issue.24 , pp. 14434-144441
    • Brandsma, S.H.1    Sellström, U.2    de Wit, C.A.3    De Boer, J.4    Leonards, P.E.G.5
  • 15
    • 84908208081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organophosphorus flame retardants (PFRs) and plasticizers in house and car dust and the influence of electronic equipment
    • Brandsma, S.H., de Boer, J., van Velzen, M.J., Leonards, P.E., Organophosphorus flame retardants (PFRs) and plasticizers in house and car dust and the influence of electronic equipment. Chemosphere 116 (2014), 3–9.
    • (2014) Chemosphere , vol.116 , pp. 3-9
    • Brandsma, S.H.1    de Boer, J.2    van Velzen, M.J.3    Leonards, P.E.4
  • 16
    • 84938054977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sources and human exposure implications of concentrations of organophosphate flame retardants in dust from UK cars, classrooms, living rooms, and offices
    • Brommer, S., Harrad, S., Sources and human exposure implications of concentrations of organophosphate flame retardants in dust from UK cars, classrooms, living rooms, and offices. Environ. Int. 83 (2015), 202–207.
    • (2015) Environ. Int. , vol.83 , pp. 202-207
    • Brommer, S.1    Harrad, S.2
  • 18
    • 84902593807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence of a broad range of legacy and emerging flame retardants in indoor environments in Norway
    • Cequier, E., Ionas, A.C., Covaci, A., Marce, R.M., Becher, G., Thomsen, C., Occurrence of a broad range of legacy and emerging flame retardants in indoor environments in Norway. Environ. Sci. Technol. 48:12 (2014), 6827–6835.
    • (2014) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.48 , Issue.12 , pp. 6827-6835
    • Cequier, E.1    Ionas, A.C.2    Covaci, A.3    Marce, R.M.4    Becher, G.5    Thomsen, C.6
  • 19
    • 80255134494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the flame retardant metabolites bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP) and diphenyl phosphate (DPP) in urine using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
    • Cooper, E.M., Covaci, A., van Nuijs, A.L., Webster, T.F., Stapleton, H.M., Analysis of the flame retardant metabolites bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP) and diphenyl phosphate (DPP) in urine using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 401:7 (2011), 2123–2132.
    • (2011) Anal. Bioanal. Chem. , vol.401 , Issue.7 , pp. 2123-2132
    • Cooper, E.M.1    Covaci, A.2    van Nuijs, A.L.3    Webster, T.F.4    Stapleton, H.M.5
  • 20
    • 84989887419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results from screening polyurethane foam based consumer products for flame retardant chemicals: assessing impacts on the change in the furniture flammability standards
    • Cooper, E.M., Kroeger, G., Davis, K., Clark, C.R., Ferguson, P.L., Stapleton, H.M., Results from screening polyurethane foam based consumer products for flame retardant chemicals: assessing impacts on the change in the furniture flammability standards. Environ. Sci. Technol. 50:19 (2016), 10653–10660.
    • (2016) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.50 , Issue.19 , pp. 10653-10660
    • Cooper, E.M.1    Kroeger, G.2    Davis, K.3    Clark, C.R.4    Ferguson, P.L.5    Stapleton, H.M.6
  • 22
    • 84966293686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence and sources of brominated and organophosphorus flame retardants in dust from different indoor environments in Barcelona, Spain
    • Cristale, J., Hurtado, A., Gomez-Canela, C., Lacorte, S., Occurrence and sources of brominated and organophosphorus flame retardants in dust from different indoor environments in Barcelona, Spain. Environ. Res. 149 (2016), 66–76.
    • (2016) Environ. Res. , vol.149 , pp. 66-76
    • Cristale, J.1    Hurtado, A.2    Gomez-Canela, C.3    Lacorte, S.4
  • 23
    • 84865313418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Country specific comparison for profile of chlorinated, brominated and phosphate organic contaminants in indoor dust. Case study for Eastern Romania, 2010
    • Dirtu, A.C., Ali, N., Van den Eede, N., Neels, H., Covaci, A., Country specific comparison for profile of chlorinated, brominated and phosphate organic contaminants in indoor dust. Case study for Eastern Romania, 2010. Environ. Int.(49), 2012, 1–8.
    • (2012) Environ. Int. , Issue.49 , pp. 1-8
    • Dirtu, A.C.1    Ali, N.2    Van den Eede, N.3    Neels, H.4    Covaci, A.5
  • 25
    • 84906093793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flame Retardants Frequently Asked Questions; Brussels
    • EFRA, Flame Retardants Frequently Asked Questions; Brussels. 2007.
    • (2007)
    • EFRA1
  • 26
    • 84903548785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous determination of thirteen organophosphate esters in settled indoor house dust and a comparison between two sampling techniques
    • Fan, X., Kubwabo, C., Rasmussen, P.E., Wu, F., Simultaneous determination of thirteen organophosphate esters in settled indoor house dust and a comparison between two sampling techniques. Sci. Total Environ. 491-492 (2014), 80–86.
    • (2014) Sci. Total Environ. , vol.491-492 , pp. 80-86
    • Fan, X.1    Kubwabo, C.2    Rasmussen, P.E.3    Wu, F.4
  • 27
    • 84904246292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers in the air and dust in German daycare centers and human biomonitoring in visiting children (LUPE 3)
    • Fromme, H., Lahrz, T., Kraft, M., Fembacher, L., Mach, C., Dietrich, S., Burkardt, R., Volkel, W., Goen, T., Organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers in the air and dust in German daycare centers and human biomonitoring in visiting children (LUPE 3). Environ. Int. 71 (2014), 158–163.
    • (2014) Environ. Int. , vol.71 , pp. 158-163
    • Fromme, H.1    Lahrz, T.2    Kraft, M.3    Fembacher, L.4    Mach, C.5    Dietrich, S.6    Burkardt, R.7    Volkel, W.8    Goen, T.9
  • 28
    • 34248570199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microwave-assisted extraction of organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers from indoor dust samples
    • Garcia, M., Rodriguez, I., Cela, R., Microwave-assisted extraction of organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers from indoor dust samples. J. Chromatogr. A 1152:1–2 (2007), 280–286.
    • (2007) J. Chromatogr. A , vol.1152 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 280-286
    • Garcia, M.1    Rodriguez, I.2    Cela, R.3
  • 29
    • 84995549470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of organophosphorus flame retardants in environmental and biotic matrices using on-line turbulent flow chromatography-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
    • Giulivo, M., Capri, E., Eljarrat, E., Barcelo, D., Analysis of organophosphorus flame retardants in environmental and biotic matrices using on-line turbulent flow chromatography-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A 1474 (2016), 71–78.
    • (2016) J. Chromatogr. A , vol.1474 , pp. 71-78
    • Giulivo, M.1    Capri, E.2    Eljarrat, E.3    Barcelo, D.4
  • 30
    • 85006724098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concentrations of organophosphate flame retardants in dust from cars, homes, and offices: an international comparison
    • Harrad, S., Brommer, S., Mueller, J.F., Concentrations of organophosphate flame retardants in dust from cars, homes, and offices: an international comparison. Emerging Contaminants 2:2 (2016), 66–72.
    • (2016) Emerging Contaminants , vol.2 , Issue.2 , pp. 66-72
    • Harrad, S.1    Brommer, S.2    Mueller, J.F.3
  • 31
    • 5444271027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers in indoor air
    • Hartmann, P.C., Burgi, D., Giger, W., Organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers in indoor air. Chemosphere 57:8 (2004), 781–787.
    • (2004) Chemosphere , vol.57 , Issue.8 , pp. 781-787
    • Hartmann, P.C.1    Burgi, D.2    Giger, W.3
  • 32
    • 84960851950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organophosphorus flame retardants and phthalate esters in indoor dust from different microenvironments: bioaccessibility and risk assessment
    • He, R., Li, Y., Xiang, P., Li, C., Zhou, C., Zhang, S., Cui, X., Ma, L.Q., Organophosphorus flame retardants and phthalate esters in indoor dust from different microenvironments: bioaccessibility and risk assessment. Chemosphere 150 (2016), 528–535.
    • (2016) Chemosphere , vol.150 , pp. 528-535
    • He, R.1    Li, Y.2    Xiang, P.3    Li, C.4    Zhou, C.5    Zhang, S.6    Cui, X.7    Ma, L.Q.8
  • 34
    • 84889048860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urinary metabolites of organophosphate flame retardants and their variability in pregnant women
    • Hoffman, K., Daniels, J.L., Stapleton, H.M., Urinary metabolites of organophosphate flame retardants and their variability in pregnant women. Environ. Int. 63 (2014), 169–172.
    • (2014) Environ. Int. , vol.63 , pp. 169-172
    • Hoffman, K.1    Daniels, J.L.2    Stapleton, H.M.3
  • 35
    • 84922964418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring indoor exposure to organophosphate flame retardants: hand wipes and house dust
    • Hoffman, K., Garantziotis, S., Birnbaum, L.S., Stapleton, H.M., Monitoring indoor exposure to organophosphate flame retardants: hand wipes and house dust. Environ. Health Perspect. 123:2 (2015), 160–165.
    • (2015) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.123 , Issue.2 , pp. 160-165
    • Hoffman, K.1    Garantziotis, S.2    Birnbaum, L.S.3    Stapleton, H.M.4
  • 36
    • 85012897605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Legacy and alternative flame retardants in Norwegian and UK indoor environment: implications of human exposure via dust ingestion
    • Kademoglou, K., Xu, F., Padilla-Sanchez, J.A., Haug, L.S., Covaci, A., Collins, C.D., Legacy and alternative flame retardants in Norwegian and UK indoor environment: implications of human exposure via dust ingestion. Environ. Int. 102 (2017), 48–56.
    • (2017) Environ. Int. , vol.102 , pp. 48-56
    • Kademoglou, K.1    Xu, F.2    Padilla-Sanchez, J.A.3    Haug, L.S.4    Covaci, A.5    Collins, C.D.6
  • 37
    • 74049099474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between indoor exposure to semi-volatile organic compounds and building-related symptoms among the occupants of residential dwellings
    • Kanazawa, A., Saito, I., Araki, A., Takeda, M., Ma, M., Saijo, Y., Kishi, R., Association between indoor exposure to semi-volatile organic compounds and building-related symptoms among the occupants of residential dwellings. Indoor Air 20:1 (2010), 72–84.
    • (2010) Indoor Air , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 72-84
    • Kanazawa, A.1    Saito, I.2    Araki, A.3    Takeda, M.4    Ma, M.5    Saijo, Y.6    Kishi, R.7
  • 38
    • 0345724975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emissions of organophosphate and brominated flame retardants from selected consumer products and building materials
    • Kemmlein, S., Hahn, O., Jann, O., Emissions of organophosphate and brominated flame retardants from selected consumer products and building materials. Atmos. Environ. 37:39–40 (2003), 5485–5493.
    • (2003) Atmos. Environ. , vol.37 , Issue.39-40 , pp. 5485-5493
    • Kemmlein, S.1    Hahn, O.2    Jann, O.3
  • 40
    • 84957069035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative determination of nine urinary metabolites of organophosphate flame retardants using solid phase extraction and ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS)
    • Kosarac, I., Kubwabo, C., Foster, W.G., Quantitative determination of nine urinary metabolites of organophosphate flame retardants using solid phase extraction and ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). J. Chromatogr. B Anal. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. 1014 (2016), 24–30.
    • (2016) J. Chromatogr. B Anal. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. , vol.1014 , pp. 24-30
    • Kosarac, I.1    Kubwabo, C.2    Foster, W.G.3
  • 41
    • 26044472100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in Swedish sewage treatment plants
    • Marklund, A., Andersson, B., Haglund, P., Organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in Swedish sewage treatment plants. Environ. Sci. Technol. 39 (2006), 7423–7429.
    • (2006) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.39 , pp. 7423-7429
    • Marklund, A.1    Andersson, B.2    Haglund, P.3
  • 42
    • 85016556417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of monomeric and oligomeric organophosphorus flame retardants in fish muscle tissues using liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry: application to Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from an e-waste processing area in northern Vietnam
    • Matsukami, H., Suzuki, G., Tue, N.M., Tuyen, L.H., Viet, P.H., Takahashi, S., Tanabe, S., Takigami, H., Analysis of monomeric and oligomeric organophosphorus flame retardants in fish muscle tissues using liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry: application to Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from an e-waste processing area in northern Vietnam. Emerg. Contam. 2:2 (2016), 89–97.
    • (2016) Emerg. Contam. , vol.2 , Issue.2 , pp. 89-97
    • Matsukami, H.1    Suzuki, G.2    Tue, N.M.3    Tuyen, L.H.4    Viet, P.H.5    Takahashi, S.6    Tanabe, S.7    Takigami, H.8
  • 43
    • 77649194987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • House dust concentrations of organophosphate flame retardants in relation to hormone levels and semen quality parameters
    • Meeker, J.D., Stapleton, H.M., House dust concentrations of organophosphate flame retardants in relation to hormone levels and semen quality parameters. Environ. Health Perspect. 118:3 (2010), 318–323.
    • (2010) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.118 , Issue.3 , pp. 318-323
    • Meeker, J.D.1    Stapleton, H.M.2
  • 44
    • 84877064877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urinary metabolites of organophosphate flame retardants: temporal variability and correlations with house dust concentrations
    • Meeker, J.D., Cooper, E.M., Stapleton, H.M., Hauser, R., Urinary metabolites of organophosphate flame retardants: temporal variability and correlations with house dust concentrations. Environ. Health Perspect. 121:5 (2013), 580–585.
    • (2013) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.121 , Issue.5 , pp. 580-585
    • Meeker, J.D.1    Cooper, E.M.2    Stapleton, H.M.3    Hauser, R.4
  • 45
    • 84920935917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure assessment of organophosphorus and organobromine flame retardants via indoor dust from elementary schools and domestic houses
    • Mizouchi, S., Ichiba, M., Takigami, H., Kajiwara, N., Takamuku, T., Miyajima, T., Kodama, H., Someya, T., Ueno, D., Exposure assessment of organophosphorus and organobromine flame retardants via indoor dust from elementary schools and domestic houses. Chemosphere 123 (2015), 17–25.
    • (2015) Chemosphere , vol.123 , pp. 17-25
    • Mizouchi, S.1    Ichiba, M.2    Takigami, H.3    Kajiwara, N.4    Takamuku, T.5    Miyajima, T.6    Kodama, H.7    Someya, T.8    Ueno, D.9
  • 46
    • 84858642977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in airborne particles over the Northern Pacific and Indian Ocean toward the Polar Regions: evidence for global occurrence
    • Möller, A., Sturm, R., Xie, Z., Cai, M., He, J., Ebinghaus, R., Organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in airborne particles over the Northern Pacific and Indian Ocean toward the Polar Regions: evidence for global occurrence. Environ. Sci. Technol. 46:6 (2012), 3127–3134.
    • (2012) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.46 , Issue.6 , pp. 3127-3134
    • Möller, A.1    Sturm, R.2    Xie, Z.3    Cai, M.4    He, J.5    Ebinghaus, R.6
  • 47
    • 0023840419 scopus 로고
    • Isolation and identification of metabolites of 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate in rats
    • Nishimaki-Mogami, T., Minegishi, K.-I., Tanaka, A., Sato, M., Isolation and identification of metabolites of 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate in rats. Arch. Toxicol. 61 (1988), 259–264.
    • (1988) Arch. Toxicol. , vol.61 , pp. 259-264
    • Nishimaki-Mogami, T.1    Minegishi, K.-I.2    Tanaka, A.3    Sato, M.4
  • 50
    • 81255167161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dialkyl phosphates as biomarkers of organophosphates: the current divide between epidemiology and clinical toxicology
    • Sudakin, D.L., Stone, D.L., Dialkyl phosphates as biomarkers of organophosphates: the current divide between epidemiology and clinical toxicology. Clin. Toxicol. 49:9 (2011), 771–781.
    • (2011) Clin. Toxicol. , vol.49 , Issue.9 , pp. 771-781
    • Sudakin, D.L.1    Stone, D.L.2
  • 52
    • 84949523091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of organophosphorus flame retardants in sediments from the Pearl River Delta in South China
    • Tan, X.X., Luo, X.J., Zheng, X.B., Li, Z.R., Sun, R.X., Mai, B.X., Distribution of organophosphorus flame retardants in sediments from the Pearl River Delta in South China. Sci. Total Environ. 544 (2016), 77–84.
    • (2016) Sci. Total Environ. , vol.544 , pp. 77-84
    • Tan, X.X.1    Luo, X.J.2    Zheng, X.B.3    Li, Z.R.4    Sun, R.X.5    Mai, B.X.6
  • 53
    • 85016594208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging and legacy flame retardants in UK indoor air and dust: evidence for replacement of PBDEs by emerging flame retardants?
    • Tao, F., Abdallah, M.A., Harrad, S., Emerging and legacy flame retardants in UK indoor air and dust: evidence for replacement of PBDEs by emerging flame retardants?. Environ. Sci. Technol. 50:23 (2016), 13052–13061.
    • (2016) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.50 , Issue.23 , pp. 13052-13061
    • Tao, F.1    Abdallah, M.A.2    Harrad, S.3
  • 54
    • 1842625273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Child-specific Exposure Factors Handbook
    • U.S. EPA, Child-specific Exposure Factors Handbook. 2008.
    • (2008)
  • 55
    • 80053426786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) Action Plan
    • U.S. EPA, Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) Action Plan. 2009.
    • (2009)
  • 56
    • 84925449449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An Alternatives Assessment for the Flame Retardant Decabromodiphenyl Ether (DecaBDE)
    • U.S. EPA, An Alternatives Assessment for the Flame Retardant Decabromodiphenyl Ether (DecaBDE). 2014.
    • (2014)
  • 57
    • 85033410349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flame Retardants Used in Flexible Polyurethane Foam: An Alternatives Assessment Update
    • U.S. EPA, Flame Retardants Used in Flexible Polyurethane Foam: An Alternatives Assessment Update. 2015.
    • (2015)
  • 58
    • 78751618982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analytical developments and preliminary assessment of human exposure to organophosphate flame retardants from indoor dust
    • Van den Eede, N., Dirtu, A.C., Neels, H., Covaci, A., Analytical developments and preliminary assessment of human exposure to organophosphate flame retardants from indoor dust. Environ. Int. 37:2 (2011), 454–461.
    • (2011) Environ. Int. , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 454-461
    • Van den Eede, N.1    Dirtu, A.C.2    Neels, H.3    Covaci, A.4
  • 59
    • 84880510881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of organophosphate flame retardant diester metabolites in human urine by liquid chromatography electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry
    • Van den Eede, N., Neels, H., Jorens, P.G., Covaci, A., Analysis of organophosphate flame retardant diester metabolites in human urine by liquid chromatography electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A 1303 (2013), 48–53.
    • (2013) J. Chromatogr. A , vol.1303 , pp. 48-53
    • Van den Eede, N.1    Neels, H.2    Jorens, P.G.3    Covaci, A.4
  • 60
    • 84884254295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First insights in the metabolism of phosphate flame retardants and plasticizers using human liver fractions
    • Van den Eede, N., Maho, W., Erratico, C., Neels, H., Covaci, A., First insights in the metabolism of phosphate flame retardants and plasticizers using human liver fractions. Toxicol. Lett. 223:1 (2013), 9–15.
    • (2013) Toxicol. Lett. , vol.223 , Issue.1 , pp. 9-15
    • Van den Eede, N.1    Maho, W.2    Erratico, C.3    Neels, H.4    Covaci, A.5
  • 61
    • 84907848255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age as a determinant of phosphate flame retardant exposure of the Australian population and identification of novel urinary PFR metabolites
    • Van den Eede, N., Heffernan, A.L., Aylward, L.L., Hobson, P., Neels, H., Mueller, J.F., Covaci, A., Age as a determinant of phosphate flame retardant exposure of the Australian population and identification of novel urinary PFR metabolites. Environ. Int. 74 (2015), 1–8.
    • (2015) Environ. Int. , vol.74 , pp. 1-8
    • Van den Eede, N.1    Heffernan, A.L.2    Aylward, L.L.3    Hobson, P.4    Neels, H.5    Mueller, J.F.6    Covaci, A.7
  • 62
    • 85022231774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does biotransformation of aryl phosphate flame retardants in blood cast a new perspective on their debated biomarkers?
    • Van den Eede, N., Ballesteros-Gomez, A., Neels, H., Covaci, A., Does biotransformation of aryl phosphate flame retardants in blood cast a new perspective on their debated biomarkers?. Environ. Sci. Technol. 50:22 (2016), 12439–12445.
    • (2016) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.50 , Issue.22 , pp. 12439-12445
    • Van den Eede, N.1    Ballesteros-Gomez, A.2    Neels, H.3    Covaci, A.4
  • 64
    • 84964434446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric occurrence and fate of organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizer at the German coast
    • Wolschke, H., Sühring, R., Mi, W., Möller, A., Xie, Z., Ebinghaus, R., Atmospheric occurrence and fate of organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizer at the German coast. Atmos. Environ. 137 (2016), 1–5.
    • (2016) Atmos. Environ. , vol.137 , pp. 1-5
    • Wolschke, H.1    Sühring, R.2    Mi, W.3    Möller, A.4    Xie, Z.5    Ebinghaus, R.6
  • 65
    • 84978308969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summary of Principles for Evaluating Health Risks in Children Associated With Exposure to Chemicals
    • World Health Organization (WHO), Summary of Principles for Evaluating Health Risks in Children Associated With Exposure to Chemicals. 2011.
    • (2011)
  • 66
    • 84954271859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization and human exposure assessment of organophosphate flame retardants in indoor dust from several microenvironments of Beijing, China
    • Wu, M., Yu, G., Cao, Z., Wu, D., Liu, K., Deng, S., Huang, J., Wang, B., Wang, Y., Characterization and human exposure assessment of organophosphate flame retardants in indoor dust from several microenvironments of Beijing, China. Chemosphere 150 (2016), 465–471.
    • (2016) Chemosphere , vol.150 , pp. 465-471
    • Wu, M.1    Yu, G.2    Cao, Z.3    Wu, D.4    Liu, K.5    Deng, S.6    Huang, J.7    Wang, B.8    Wang, Y.9
  • 67
    • 84922475909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flame retardants and organochlorines in indoor dust from several e-waste recycling sites in South China: composition variations and implications for human exposure
    • Zheng, X., Xu, F., Chen, K., Zeng, Y., Luo, X., Chen, S., Mai, B., Covaci, A., Flame retardants and organochlorines in indoor dust from several e-waste recycling sites in South China: composition variations and implications for human exposure. Environ. Int. 78 (2015), 1–7.
    • (2015) Environ. Int. , vol.78 , pp. 1-7
    • Zheng, X.1    Xu, F.2    Chen, K.3    Zeng, Y.4    Luo, X.5    Chen, S.6    Mai, B.7    Covaci, A.8


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.