메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 18, Issue 1, 2017, Pages

Lactoferrin and lysozyme to reduce environmental enteric dysfunction and stunting in Malawian children: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Author keywords

Environmental enteric dysfunction; Environmental enteropathy; Inflammation; Lactoferrin; Lactulose; Lysozyme; Malnutrition; Stunting

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL MARKER; LACTOFERRIN; LACTULOSE; LYSOZYME;

EID: 85032944269     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17456215     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/s13063-017-2278-8     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (11)

References (70)
  • 1
    • 0003661906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016.
    • World Health Organization. World health statistics 2016. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016.
    • World health statistics 2016
  • 2
    • 84881141592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence-based interventions for improvement of maternal and child nutrition: what can be done and at what cost?
    • Bhutta ZA, Das JK, Rizvi A, Gaffey MF, Walker N, Horton S, et al. Evidence-based interventions for improvement of maternal and child nutrition: what can be done and at what cost? Lancet. 2013;382(9890):452-77.
    • (2013) Lancet , vol.382 , Issue.9890 , pp. 452-477
    • Bhutta, Z.A.1    Das, J.K.2    Rizvi, A.3    Gaffey, M.F.4    Walker, N.5    Horton, S.6
  • 3
    • 84930365487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental enteric dysfunction: an overview
    • Crane RJ, Jones KD, Berkley JA. Environmental enteric dysfunction: an overview. Food Nutr Bull. 2015;36(1 Suppl):S76-87.
    • (2015) Food Nutr Bull , vol.36 , Issue.1 , pp. S76-87
    • Crane, R.J.1    Jones, K.D.2    Berkley, J.A.3
  • 4
    • 84960864393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New insights into environmental enteric dysfunction
    • Trehan I, Kelly P, Shaikh N, Manary MJ. New insights into environmental enteric dysfunction. Arch Dis Child. 2016;101(8):741-4.
    • (2016) Arch Dis Child , vol.101 , Issue.8 , pp. 741-744
    • Trehan, I.1    Kelly, P.2    Shaikh, N.3    Manary, M.J.4
  • 5
    • 85027953454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental enteropathy: elusive but significant subclinical abnormalities in developing countries
    • Watanabe K, Petri Jr WA. Environmental enteropathy: elusive but significant subclinical abnormalities in developing countries. EBioMedicine. 2016;10:25-32.
    • (2016) EBioMedicine , vol.10 , pp. 25-32
    • Watanabe, K.1    Petri, W.A.2
  • 7
    • 84964846264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endomicroscopic and transcriptomic analysis of impaired barrier function and malabsorption in environmental enteropathy
    • Kelly P, Besa E, Zyambo K, Louis-Auguste J, Lees J, Banda T, et al. Endomicroscopic and transcriptomic analysis of impaired barrier function and malabsorption in environmental enteropathy. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016;10(4):e0004600.
    • (2016) PLoS Negl Trop Dis , vol.10 , Issue.4
    • Kelly, P.1    Besa, E.2    Zyambo, K.3    Louis-Auguste, J.4    Lees, J.5    Banda, T.6
  • 8
    • 69949126367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of rifaximin, a nonabsorbable antibiotic, in the treatment of tropical enteropathy
    • Trehan I, Shulman RJ, Ou CN, Maleta K, Manary MJ. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of rifaximin, a nonabsorbable antibiotic, in the treatment of tropical enteropathy. Am J Gastroenterol. 2009;104(9):2326-33.
    • (2009) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.104 , Issue.9 , pp. 2326-2333
    • Trehan, I.1    Shulman, R.J.2    Ou, C.N.3    Maleta, K.4    Manary, M.J.5
  • 9
    • 32944465461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of Lactobacillus GG on intestinal integrity in Malawian children at risk of tropical enteropathy
    • Galpin L, Manary MJ, Fleming K, Ou CN, Ashorn P, Shulman RJ. Effect of Lactobacillus GG on intestinal integrity in Malawian children at risk of tropical enteropathy. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;82(5):1040-5.
    • (2005) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.82 , Issue.5 , pp. 1040-1045
    • Galpin, L.1    Manary, M.J.2    Fleming, K.3    Ou, C.N.4    Ashorn, P.5    Shulman, R.J.6
  • 12
    • 84871983109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-chain pufa supplementation in rural African infants: a randomized controlled trial of effects on gut integrity, growth, and cognitive development
    • van der Merwe LF, Moore SE, Fulford AJ, Halliday KE, Drammeh S, Young S, et al. Long-chain pufa supplementation in rural African infants: a randomized controlled trial of effects on gut integrity, growth, and cognitive development. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013;97(1):45-57.
    • (2013) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.97 , Issue.1 , pp. 45-57
    • Merwe, L.F.1    Moore, S.E.2    Fulford, A.J.3    Halliday, K.E.4    Drammeh, S.5    Young, S.6
  • 13
    • 84906790088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zinc or albendazole attenuates the progression of environmental enteropathy: a randomized controlled trial
    • Ryan KN, Stephenson KB, Trehan I, Shulman RJ, Thakwalakwa C, Murray E, et al. Zinc or albendazole attenuates the progression of environmental enteropathy: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014;12(9):1507-13.
    • (2014) Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.12 , Issue.9 , pp. 1507-1513
    • Ryan, K.N.1    Stephenson, K.B.2    Trehan, I.3    Shulman, R.J.4    Thakwalakwa, C.5    Murray, E.6
  • 14
    • 84912051005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple micronutrient supplementation transiently ameliorates environmental enteropathy in Malawian children aged 12-35 months in a randomized controlled clinical trial
    • Smith HE, Ryan KN, Stephenson KB, Westcott C, Thakwalakwa C, Maleta K, et al. Multiple micronutrient supplementation transiently ameliorates environmental enteropathy in Malawian children aged 12-35 months in a randomized controlled clinical trial. J Nutr. 2014;144(12):2059-65.
    • (2014) J Nutr , vol.144 , Issue.12 , pp. 2059-2065
    • Smith, H.E.1    Ryan, K.N.2    Stephenson, K.B.3    Westcott, C.4    Thakwalakwa, C.5    Maleta, K.6
  • 15
    • 84906765994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mesalazine in the initial management of severely acutely malnourished children with environmental enteric dysfunction: a pilot randomized controlled trial
    • Jones KD, Hunten-Kirsch B, Laving AM, Munyi CW, Ngari M, Mikusa J, et al. Mesalazine in the initial management of severely acutely malnourished children with environmental enteric dysfunction: a pilot randomized controlled trial. BMC Med. 2014;12:133.
    • (2014) BMC Med , vol.12 , pp. 133
    • Jones, K.D.1    Hunten-Kirsch, B.2    Laving, A.M.3    Munyi, C.W.4    Ngari, M.5    Mikusa, J.6
  • 16
    • 85009241683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A combined intervention of zinc, multiple micronutrients, and albendazole does not ameliorate environmental enteric dysfunction or stunting in rural Malawian children in a double-blind randomized controlled trial
    • Wang AZ, Shulman RJ, Crocker AH, Thakwalakwa C, Maleta KM, Devaraj S, et al. A combined intervention of zinc, multiple micronutrients, and albendazole does not ameliorate environmental enteric dysfunction or stunting in rural Malawian children in a double-blind randomized controlled trial. J Nutr. 2017;147(1):97-103.
    • (2017) J Nutr , vol.147 , Issue.1 , pp. 97-103
    • Wang, A.Z.1    Shulman, R.J.2    Crocker, A.H.3    Thakwalakwa, C.4    Maleta, K.M.5    Devaraj, S.6
  • 17
    • 85008400352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental enteric dysfunction and growth failure/stunting in global child health
    • Owino V, Ahmed T, Freemark M, Kelly P, Loy A, Manary M, et al. Environmental enteric dysfunction and growth failure/stunting in global child health. Pediatrics. 2016;138(6):e20160641.
    • (2016) Pediatrics , vol.138 , Issue.6
    • Owino, V.1    Ahmed, T.2    Freemark, M.3    Kelly, P.4    Loy, A.5    Manary, M.6
  • 18
    • 84947292648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimal breastfeeding practices and infant and child mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Sankar MJ, Sinha B, Chowdhury R, Bhandari N, Taneja S, Martines J, et al. Optimal breastfeeding practices and infant and child mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Paediatr. 2015;104:3-13.
    • (2015) Acta Paediatr , vol.104 , pp. 3-13
    • Sankar, M.J.1    Sinha, B.2    Chowdhury, R.3    Bhandari, N.4    Taneja, S.5    Martines, J.6
  • 19
    • 67749113269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intestinal permeability in preterm infants by feeding type: mother's milk versus formula
    • Taylor SN, Basile LA, Ebeling M, Wagner CL. Intestinal permeability in preterm infants by feeding type: mother's milk versus formula. Breastfeed Med. 2009;4(1):11-5.
    • (2009) Breastfeed Med , vol.4 , Issue.1 , pp. 11-15
    • Taylor, S.N.1    Basile, L.A.2    Ebeling, M.3    Wagner, C.L.4
  • 20
    • 0022371729 scopus 로고
    • Biochemistry and physiological function of human milk proteins
    • Lönnerdal B. Biochemistry and physiological function of human milk proteins. Am J Clin Nutr. 1985;42(6):1299-317.
    • (1985) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.42 , Issue.6 , pp. 1299-1317
    • Lönnerdal, B.1
  • 21
    • 0029130333 scopus 로고
    • Lactoferrin: molecular structure and biological function
    • Lönnerdal B, Iyer S. Lactoferrin: molecular structure and biological function. Annu Rev Nutr. 1995;15(1):93-110.
    • (1995) Annu Rev Nutr , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 93-110
    • Lönnerdal, B.1    Iyer, S.2
  • 22
    • 0026095436 scopus 로고
    • Killing of Gram-negative bacteria by lactoferrin and lysozyme
    • Ellison RT, Giehl TJ. Killing of Gram-negative bacteria by lactoferrin and lysozyme. J Clin Invest. 1991;88(4):1080-91.
    • (1991) J Clin Invest , vol.88 , Issue.4 , pp. 1080-1091
    • Ellison, R.T.1    Giehl, T.J.2
  • 24
    • 33846598908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot study of bovine lactoferrin supplementation in bottle-fed infants
    • King Jr JC, Cummings GE, Guo N, Trivedi L, Readmond BX, Keane V, et al. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot study of bovine lactoferrin supplementation in bottle-fed infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2007;44(2):245-51.
    • (2007) J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr , vol.44 , Issue.2 , pp. 245-251
    • King, J.C.1    Cummings, G.E.2    Guo, N.3    Trivedi, L.4    Readmond, B.X.5    Keane, V.6
  • 25
    • 0021876211 scopus 로고
    • Relationships between lysozyme concentration of human milk, bacteriologic content, and weight gain of premature infants
    • Braun OH, Sandkühler H. Relationships between lysozyme concentration of human milk, bacteriologic content, and weight gain of premature infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1985;4(4):583-6.
    • (1985) J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr , vol.4 , Issue.4 , pp. 583-586
    • Braun, O.H.1    Sandkühler, H.2
  • 26
    • 80855133479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lysozyme transgenic goats' milk positively impacts intestinal cytokine expression and morphology
    • Cooper CA, Brundige DR, Reh WA, Maga EA, Murray JD. Lysozyme transgenic goats' milk positively impacts intestinal cytokine expression and morphology. Transgenic Res. 2011;20(6):1235-43.
    • (2011) Transgenic Res , vol.20 , Issue.6 , pp. 1235-1243
    • Cooper, C.A.1    Brundige, D.R.2    Reh, W.A.3    Maga, E.A.4    Murray, J.D.5
  • 29
    • 84959419826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Milk with and without lactoferrin can influence intestinal damage in a pig model of malnutrition
    • Garas LC, Feltrin C, Hamilton MK, Hagey JV, Murray JD, Bertolini LR, et al. Milk with and without lactoferrin can influence intestinal damage in a pig model of malnutrition. Food Funct. 2016;7(2):665-78.
    • (2016) Food Funct , vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp. 665-678
    • Garas, L.C.1    Feltrin, C.2    Hamilton, M.K.3    Hagey, J.V.4    Murray, J.D.5    Bertolini, L.R.6
  • 30
    • 0023815539 scopus 로고
    • Damage of the outer membrane of enteric Gram-negative bacteria by lactoferrin and transferrin
    • Ellison RT, Giehl TJ, LaForce FM. Damage of the outer membrane of enteric Gram-negative bacteria by lactoferrin and transferrin. Infect Immun. 1988;56(11):2774-81.
    • (1988) Infect Immun , vol.56 , Issue.11 , pp. 2774-2781
    • Ellison, R.T.1    Giehl, T.J.2    LaForce, F.M.3
  • 31
    • 0031684157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergic antistaphylococcal properties of lactoferrin and lysozyme
    • Leitch EC, Willcox MDP. Synergic antistaphylococcal properties of lactoferrin and lysozyme. J Med Microbiol. 1998;47(9):837-42.
    • (1998) J Med Microbiol , vol.47 , Issue.9 , pp. 837-842
    • Leitch, E.C.1    Willcox, M.D.P.2
  • 33
    • 0034906217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional fragments of ingested lactoferrin are resistant to proteolytic degradation in the gastrointestinal tract of adult rats
    • Kuwata H, Yamauchi K, Teraguchi S, Ushida Y, Shimokawa Y, Toida T, et al. Functional fragments of ingested lactoferrin are resistant to proteolytic degradation in the gastrointestinal tract of adult rats. J Nutr. 2001;131(8):2121-7.
    • (2001) J Nutr , vol.131 , Issue.8 , pp. 2121-2127
    • Kuwata, H.1    Yamauchi, K.2    Teraguchi, S.3    Ushida, Y.4    Shimokawa, Y.5    Toida, T.6
  • 34
    • 33846689322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of rice-based oral rehydration solution containing recombinant human lactoferrin and lysozyme in Peruvian children with acute diarrhea
    • Zavaleta N, Figueroa D, Rivera J, Sánchez J, Alfaro S, Lönnerdal B. Efficacy of rice-based oral rehydration solution containing recombinant human lactoferrin and lysozyme in Peruvian children with acute diarrhea. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2007;44(2):258-64.
    • (2007) J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr , vol.44 , Issue.2 , pp. 258-264
    • Zavaleta, N.1    Figueroa, D.2    Rivera, J.3    Sánchez, J.4    Alfaro, S.5    Lönnerdal, B.6
  • 36
    • 84946901115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common beans and cowpeas as complementary foods to reduce environmental enteric dysfunction and stunting in Malawian children: study protocol for two randomized controlled trials
    • Trehan I, Benzoni NS, Wang AZ, Bollinger LB, Ngoma TN, Chimimba UK, et al. Common beans and cowpeas as complementary foods to reduce environmental enteric dysfunction and stunting in Malawian children: study protocol for two randomized controlled trials. Trials. 2015;16(1):520.
    • (2015) Trials , vol.16 , Issue.1
    • Trehan, I.1    Benzoni, N.S.2    Wang, A.Z.3    Bollinger, L.B.4    Ngoma, T.N.5    Chimimba, U.K.6
  • 37
    • 84884199426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Open defecation and childhood stunting in India: an ecological analysis of new data from 112 districts
    • Spears D, Ghosh A, Cumming O. Open defecation and childhood stunting in India: an ecological analysis of new data from 112 districts. PLoS One. 2013;8(9):e73784.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8 , Issue.9
    • Spears, D.1    Ghosh, A.2    Cumming, O.3
  • 38
    • 84930604110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geophagy is associated with environmental enteropathy and stunting in children in rural Bangladesh
    • George CM, Oldja L, Biswas S, Perin J, Lee GO, Kosek M, et al. Geophagy is associated with environmental enteropathy and stunting in children in rural Bangladesh. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2015;92(6):1117-24.
    • (2015) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.92 , Issue.6 , pp. 1117-1124
    • George, C.M.1    Oldja, L.2    Biswas, S.3    Perin, J.4    Lee, G.O.5    Kosek, M.6
  • 39
    • 84994726590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geophagy is associated with growth faltering in children in rural Bangladesh
    • Perin J, Thomas A, Oldja L, Ahmed S, Parvin T, Bhuyian SI, et al. Geophagy is associated with growth faltering in children in rural Bangladesh. J Pediatr. 2016;178:34-9. e1.
    • (2016) J Pediatr , vol.178 , pp. 34-39
    • Perin, J.1    Thomas, A.2    Oldja, L.3    Ahmed, S.4    Parvin, T.5    Bhuyian, S.I.6
  • 41
    • 84888610885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects
    • World Medical Association. World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA. 2013;310(20):2191-4.
    • (2013) JAMA , vol.310 , Issue.20 , pp. 2191-2194
  • 43
    • 84976254381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental enteric dysfunction is associated with poor linear growth and can be identified by host fecal mRNAs
    • Ordiz MI, Shaikh N, Trehan I, Maleta K, Stauber J, Shulman R, et al. Environmental enteric dysfunction is associated with poor linear growth and can be identified by host fecal mRNAs. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2016;63(5):453-9.
    • (2016) J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr , vol.63 , Issue.5 , pp. 453-459
    • Ordiz, M.I.1    Shaikh, N.2    Trehan, I.3    Maleta, K.4    Stauber, J.5    Shulman, R.6
  • 44
    • 84975770278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental enteric dysfunction includes a broad spectrum of inflammatory responses and epithelial repair processes
    • Yu J, Ordiz MI, Stauber J, Shaikh N, Trehan I, Barnell E, et al. Environmental enteric dysfunction includes a broad spectrum of inflammatory responses and epithelial repair processes. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016;2(2):158-74. e1.
    • (2016) Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.2 , Issue.2 , pp. 158-174
    • Yu, J.1    Ordiz, M.I.2    Stauber, J.3    Shaikh, N.4    Trehan, I.5    Barnell, E.6
  • 45
    • 0003153739 scopus 로고
    • Lysozyme content of human milk
    • Chandan RC, Shahani KM, Holly RG. Lysozyme content of human milk. Nature. 1964;204(4953):76-7.
    • (1964) Nature , vol.204 , Issue.4953 , pp. 76-77
    • Chandan, R.C.1    Shahani, K.M.2    Holly, R.G.3
  • 46
    • 84872292894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized double-blind controlled trial of bovine lactoferrin for prevention of diarrhea in children
    • Ochoa TJ, Chea-Woo E, Baiocchi N, Pecho I, Campos M, Prada A, et al. Randomized double-blind controlled trial of bovine lactoferrin for prevention of diarrhea in children. J Pediatr. 2013;162(2):349-56.
    • (2013) J Pediatr , vol.162 , Issue.2 , pp. 349-356
    • Ochoa, T.J.1    Chea-Woo, E.2    Baiocchi, N.3    Pecho, I.4    Campos, M.5    Prada, A.6
  • 47
    • 43549120854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GRN 000465. Accessed 2 Nov 2017.
    • Food and Drug Administration. Agency Response Letter GRAS notice no. GRN 000465. http://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/GRAS/NoticeInventory/ucm391549.htm. Accessed 2 Nov 2017.
    • Agency Response Letter GRAS notice no
  • 48
    • 77957069441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lactoferrin inhibits e. Coli o157: H7 growth and attachment to intestinal epithelial cells
    • Atef Yekta M, Verdonck F, Van Den Broeck W, Goddeeris B, Cox E, Vanrompay D. Lactoferrin inhibits e. Coli o157: H7 growth and attachment to intestinal epithelial cells. Vet Med. 2010;55(8):359-68.
    • (2010) Vet Med , vol.55 , Issue.8 , pp. 359-368
    • Atef Yekta, M.1    Verdonck, F.2    Broeck, W.3    Goddeeris, B.4    Cox, E.5    Vanrompay, D.6
  • 49
    • 0035988816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of functional recombinant human lysozyme in transgenic rice cell culture
    • Huang J, Wu L, Yalda D, Adkins Y, Kelleher SL, Crane M, et al. Expression of functional recombinant human lysozyme in transgenic rice cell culture. Transgenic Res. 2002;11(3):229-39.
    • (2002) Transgenic Res , vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp. 229-239
    • Huang, J.1    Wu, L.2    Yalda, D.3    Adkins, Y.4    Kelleher, S.L.5    Crane, M.6
  • 50
    • 33747105947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of differences in linear growth among populations in the WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study
    • WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study Group. Assessment of differences in linear growth among populations in the WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study. Acta Paediatr Suppl. 2006;450:56-65.
    • (2006) Acta Paediatr Suppl , vol.450 , pp. 56-65
  • 51
    • 84923332754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of severe acute malnutrition in low-income and middle-income countries
    • Trehan I, Manary MJ. Management of severe acute malnutrition in low-income and middle-income countries. Arch Dis Child. 2015;100(3):283-7.
    • (2015) Arch Dis Child , vol.100 , Issue.3 , pp. 283-287
    • Trehan, I.1    Manary, M.J.2
  • 54
    • 84913525063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of the lactulose to mannitol ratio to evaluate childhood environmental enteric dysfunction: a systematic review
    • Denno DM, VanBuskirk K, Nelson ZC, Musser CA, Hay Burgess DC, Tarr PI. Use of the lactulose to mannitol ratio to evaluate childhood environmental enteric dysfunction: a systematic review. Clin Infect Dis. 2014;59 Suppl 4:S213-9.
    • (2014) Clin Infect Dis , vol.59 , pp. S213-S219
    • Denno, D.M.1    VanBuskirk, K.2    Nelson, Z.C.3    Musser, C.A.4    Hay Burgess, D.C.5    Tarr, P.I.6
  • 55
    • 0021815675 scopus 로고
    • Small intestinal permeability as an indicator of jejunal mucosal recovery in patients with celiac sprue on a gluten-free diet
    • Ukabam SO, Cooper BT. Small intestinal permeability as an indicator of jejunal mucosal recovery in patients with celiac sprue on a gluten-free diet. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1985;7(3):232-6.
    • (1985) J Clin Gastroenterol , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 232-236
    • Ukabam, S.O.1    Cooper, B.T.2
  • 56
    • 0033937322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lactulose-mannitol intestinal permeability test in children with diarrhea caused by rotavirus and cryptosporidium. Diarrhea working group, Peru
    • Zhang Y, Lee B, Thompson M, Glass R, Cama RI, Figueroa D, et al. Lactulose-mannitol intestinal permeability test in children with diarrhea caused by rotavirus and cryptosporidium. Diarrhea working group, Peru. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2000;31(1):16-21.
    • (2000) J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr , vol.31 , Issue.1 , pp. 16-21
    • Zhang, Y.1    Lee, B.2    Thompson, M.3    Glass, R.4    Cama, R.I.5    Figueroa, D.6
  • 57
    • 1542725959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of vitamin a and zinc status with altered intestinal permeability: analyses of cohort data from northeastern Brazil
    • Chen P, Soares AM, Lima AA, Gamble MV, Schorling JB, Conway M, et al. Association of vitamin a and zinc status with altered intestinal permeability: analyses of cohort data from northeastern Brazil. J Health Popul Nutr. 2003;21(4):309-15.
    • (2003) J Health Popul Nutr , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 309-315
    • Chen, P.1    Soares, A.M.2    Lima, A.A.3    Gamble, M.V.4    Schorling, J.B.5    Conway, M.6
  • 58
    • 0033050683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of altered intestinal permeability to lactulose and mannitol in Guatemalan infants
    • Goto K, Chew F, Torun B, Peerson JM, Brown KH. Epidemiology of altered intestinal permeability to lactulose and mannitol in Guatemalan infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1999;28(3):282-90.
    • (1999) J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr , vol.28 , Issue.3 , pp. 282-290
    • Goto, K.1    Chew, F.2    Torun, B.3    Peerson, J.M.4    Brown, K.H.5
  • 60
    • 0026049549 scopus 로고
    • Intestinal permeability, mucosal injury, and growth faltering in Gambian infants
    • Lunn PG, Northrop-Clewes CA, Downes RM. Intestinal permeability, mucosal injury, and growth faltering in Gambian infants. Lancet. 1991;338(8772):907-10.
    • (1991) Lancet , vol.338 , Issue.8772 , pp. 907-910
    • Lunn, P.G.1    Northrop-Clewes, C.A.2    Downes, R.M.3
  • 61
    • 84872842858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Techniques of functional and motility test: how to perform and interpret intestinal permeability
    • Mishra A, Makharia GK. Techniques of functional and motility test: how to perform and interpret intestinal permeability. J Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2012;18(4):443-7.
    • (2012) J Neurogastroenterol Motil , vol.18 , Issue.4 , pp. 443-447
    • Mishra, A.1    Makharia, G.K.2
  • 62
    • 55549142198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased gastrointestinal permeability and gut inflammation in children with functional abdominal pain and irritable bowel syndrome
    • Shulman RJ, Eakin MN, Czyzewski DI, Jarrett M, Ou CN. Increased gastrointestinal permeability and gut inflammation in children with functional abdominal pain and irritable bowel syndrome. J Pediatr. 2008;153(5):646-50.
    • (2008) J Pediatr , vol.153 , Issue.5 , pp. 646-650
    • Shulman, R.J.1    Eakin, M.N.2    Czyzewski, D.I.3    Jarrett, M.4    Ou, C.N.5
  • 66
    • 84908063230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental enteropathy and malnutrition: do we know enough to intervene?
    • Petri WA, Naylor C, Haque R. Environmental enteropathy and malnutrition: do we know enough to intervene? BMC Med. 2014;12(1):187.
    • (2014) BMC Med , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 187
    • Petri, W.A.1    Naylor, C.2    Haque, R.3
  • 67
    • 74849085312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breast milk as the gold standard for protective nutrients
    • Walker A. Breast milk as the gold standard for protective nutrients. J Pediatr. 2010;156(2 Suppl):S3-7.
    • (2010) J Pediatr , vol.156 , Issue.2 , pp. S3-7
    • Walker, A.1
  • 68
    • 0035703976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in lactoferrin and lysozyme levels in human milk during the first twelve weeks of lactation
    • Montagne P, Cuilliere ML, Mole C, Bene MC, Faure G. Changes in lactoferrin and lysozyme levels in human milk during the first twelve weeks of lactation. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2001;501:241-7.
    • (2001) Adv Exp Med Biol , vol.501 , pp. 241-247
    • Montagne, P.1    Cuilliere, M.L.2    Mole, C.3    Bene, M.C.4    Faure, G.5
  • 69
    • 84876789947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of food acceptability and feeding practices for lipid nutrient supplements and blended flours used to treat moderate malnutrition
    • Wang RJ, Trehan I, LaGrone LN, Weisz AJ, Thakwalakwa CM, Maleta KM, et al. Investigation of food acceptability and feeding practices for lipid nutrient supplements and blended flours used to treat moderate malnutrition. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2013;45(3):258-63.
    • (2013) J Nutr Educ Behav , vol.45 , Issue.3 , pp. 258-263
    • Wang, R.J.1    Trehan, I.2    LaGrone, L.N.3    Weisz, A.J.4    Thakwalakwa, C.M.5    Maleta, K.M.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.