Over 99.6 wt%-pure, sub-millimeter-long carbon nanotubes realized by fluidized-bed with careful control of the catalyst and carbon feeds

Carbon

Volumn 80, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 339-350

  Chen, Zhongming ^a,b   Kim, Dong Young ^b   Hasegawa, Kei ^b   Osawa, Toshio ^b   Noda, Suguru ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO   (Japan)

^b WASEDA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLENE; ALUMINA; ALUMINUM COATINGS; ALUMINUM OXIDE; CARBON NANOTUBES; CATALYSTS; CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION; ENERGY CONSERVATION; HEAT EXCHANGERS; HEATING; IRON COMPOUNDS; LIGHTING; ORGANOMETALLICS;

ALUMINA SUPPORT; ALUMINUM ISOPROPOXIDES; AVERAGE DIAMETER; CATALYST PARTICLES; FEED CONCENTRATION; FLUIDIZED BED CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION; INTERNAL HEAT EXCHANGER; SPACE VELOCITIES;

FLUIDIZED BEDS;

EID: 85027937080     PISSN: 00086223     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2014.08.072     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. 2/carbon nanotube array electrodes for highperformance lithium batteries. Nano Lett 2009;9(3): 1002-6.
2. Jiang Y, Wang P, Zang X, Yang Y, Kozinda A, Lin L. Uniformly embedded metal oxide nanoparticles in vertically aligned carbon nanotube forests as pseudocapacitor electrodes for enhanced energy storage. Nano Lett 2013;13(8): 3524-30.
3. Phillips AB, Khanal RR, Song Z, Zartman RM, DeWitt JL, Stone JM, et al. Wiring-up carbon single wall nanotubes to polycrystalline inorganic semiconductor thin films: Lowbarrier, copper-free back contact to CdTe solar cells. Nano Lett 2013;13(11): 5224-32.
4. Zou Y, Li Q, Liu J, Jin Y, Qian Q, Jiang K, et al. Fabrication of allcarbon nanotube electronic devices on flexible substrates through CVD and transfer methods. Adv Mater 2013;25(42): 6050-6.
5. Fu K, Yildiz O, Bhanushali H, Wang Y, Stano K, Xue L, et al. Aligned carbon nanotube-silicon sheets: A novel nanoarchitecture for flexible lithium ion battery electrodes. Adv Mater 2013;25(36): 5109-14.
6. 2 nanorods as high performance supercapacitor electrodes. ChemSusChem 2013;6(3): 474-80.
7. Tans SJ, Devoret MH, Dai H, Thess A, Smalley RE, Geerligs LJ, et al. Individual single wall carbon nanotubes as quantum wires. Nature 1997;386(6624): 474-7.
8. Javey A, Guo J, Wang Q, Lundstrom M, Dai H. Ballistic carbon nanotube field-effect transistors. Nature 2003;424: 654-7.
9. Thess A, Lee R, Nikolaev P, Dai H, Petit P, Robert J, et al. Crystalline ropes of metallic carbon nanotubes. Science 1996;273(5274): 483-7.
10. Nikolaev P, Bronikowski MJ, Bradley RK, Rohmund F, Colbert DT, Smith KA, et al. Gas-phase catalytic growth of singlewalled carbon nanotubes from carbon monoxide. Chem Phys Lett 1999;313(1): 91-7.
11. Jeong HJ, Kim KK, Jeong SY, Park MH, Yang CW, Lee YH. Highyield catalytic synthesis of thin multiwalled carbon nanotubes. J Phys Chem B 2004;108(46): 17695-8.
12. Endo M, Muramatsu H, Hayashi T, Kim YA, Terrones M, Dresselhaus MS. 'Buckypaper' from coaxial nanotubes. Nature 2005;433(7025): 476.
13. Hofmann S, Ducati C, Robertson J, Kleinsorge B. Lowtemperature growth of carbon nanotubes by plasmaenhanced chemical vapor deposition. Appl Phys Lett 2003;83(1): 135-7.
14. Zhang Q, Huang J-Q, Zhao M-Q, Qian W-Z, Wei F. Carbon nanotube mass production: Principles and processes. ChemSusChem 2011;4(7): 864-89.
15. Mleczko L, Lolli G. Carbon nanotubes: An example of multiscale development -A mechanistic view from the subnanometer to the meter scale. Angew Chem Int Ed 2013;52(36): 9372-87.
16. Philippe R, Morançais A, Corrias M, Caussat B, Kihn Y, Kalck P, et al. Catalytic production of carbon nanotubes by fluidizedbed CVD. Chem Vap Deposition 2007;13(9): 447-57.
17. See CH, Harris AT. A review of carbon nanotube synthesis via fluidized-bed chemical vapor deposition. Ind Eng Chem Res 2007;46(4): 997-1012.
18. Zhang Q, Zhao M, Huang J, Nie J, Wei F. Mass production of aligned carbon nanotube arrays by fluidized bed catalytic chemical vapor deposition. Carbon 2010;48(4): 1196-209.
19. Kim DY, Sugime H, Hasegawa K, Osawa T, Noda S. Submillimeter-long carbon nanotubes repeatedly grown on and separated from ceramic beads in a single fluidized bed reactor. Carbon 2011;49(6): 1972-9.
20. Kim DY, Sugime H, Hasegawa K, Osawa T, Noda S. Fluidizedbed synthesis of sub-millimeter-long single walled carbon nanotube arrays. Carbon 2012;50(4): 1538-45.
21. Li WZ, Xie SS, Qian LX, Chang BH, Zou BS, Zhou WY, et al. Large-scale synthesis of aligned carbon nanotubes. Science 1996;274(5293): 1701-3.
22. Hata K, Futaba DN, Mizuno K, Namai T, Yumura M, Iijima S. Water-assisted highly efficient synthesis of impurity-free single-walled carbon nanotubes. Science 2004;306(5700): 1362-4.
23. Noda S, Hasegawa K, Sugime H, Kakehi K, Zhang Z, Maruyama S, et al. Millimeter-thick single-walled carbon nanotube forests: Hidden role of catalyst support. Jpn J Appl Phys 2007;46(17): 399-401.
24. Sugime H, Noda S. Millimeter-tall single-walled carbon nanotube forests grown from ethanol. Carbon 2010;48(8): 2203-11.
25. Hasegawa K, Noda S. Millimeter-tall single-walled carbon nanotubes rapidly grown with and without water. ACS Nano 2011;5(2): 975-84.
26. Chen Z, Kim DY, Hasegawa K, Noda S. Methane-assisted chemical vapor deposition yielding millimeter-tall singlewall carbon nanotubes of smaller diameter. ACS Nano 2013;7(8): 6719-28.
27. Xiang R, Luo G, QianW, Wang Y, Wei F, Li Q. Large area growth of aligned CNT arrays on spheres: Towards large scale and continuous production. Chem Vap Deposition 2007;13(10): 533-6.
28. Zhang Q, Huang J, Zhao M, Qian W, Wang Y, Wei F. Radial growth of vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays from ethylene on ceramic spheres. Carbon 2008;46(8): 1152-8.
29. Xiang R, Luo G, Yang Z, Zhang Q, Qian W, Wei F. Large area growth of aligned CNT arrays on spheres: Cost performance and product control. Mater Lett 2009;63(1): 84-7.
30. Zhang Q, Zhao M, Huang J, Liu Y, Wang Y, Qian W, et al. Vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays grown on a lamellar catalyst by fluidized bed catalytic chemical vapor deposition. Carbon 2009;47(11): 2600-10.
31. Hasegawa K, Noda S. Diameter increase in millimeter-tall vertically aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes during growth. Appl Phys Express 2010;3(4). 045103-1-3.
32. Hasegawa K, Noda S. Moderating carbon supply and suppressing Ostwald ripening of catalyst particles to produce 4.5-mm-tall single-walled carbon nanotube forests. Carbon 2011;49(13): 4497-504.
33. Xiang R, Einarsson E, Murakami Y, Shiomi J, Chiashi S, Tang Z, et al. Diameter modulation of vertically aligned singlewalled carbon nanotubes. ACS Nano 2012;6(8): 7472-9.
34. Kakehi K, Noda S, Maruyama S, Yamaguchi Y. Growth valley dividing single-and multi-walled carbon nanotubes: Combinatorial study of nominal thickness of Co catalyst. Jpn J Appl Phys 2008;47(4): 1961-5.
35. Hiraoka T, Izadi-Najafabadi A, Yamada T, Futaba DN, Yasuda S, Tanaike O, et al. Compact and light supercapacitor electrodes from a surface-only solid by opened carbon nanotubes with 2200 m2 g-1 surface area. Adv Funct Mater 2010;20(3): 422-8.
36. Peigney A, Laurent C, Flahaut E, Bacsa RR, Rousset A. Specific surface area of carbon nanotubes and bundles of carbon nanotubes. Carbon 2001;39(4): 507-14.
37. Lee SW, Gallant BM, Lee Y, Yoshida N, Kim DY, Yamada Y, et al. Self-standing positive electrodes of oxidized fewwalled carbon nanotubes for light-weight and high-power lithium batteries. Energy Environ Sci 2012;5(1): 5437-44.
38. Quintero R, Kim DY, Hasegawa K, Yamada Y, Yamada A, Noda S. Carbon nanotube 3D current collectors for lightweight, high performance and low cost supercapacitor electrodes. RSC Adv 2014;4(16): 8230-7.