메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 22, Issue 8, 2017, Pages 1536-1546

Regional differences in antibiotic-resistant pathogens in patients with pneumonia: Implications for clinicians

Author keywords

bacterial pneumonia, ventilator associated pneumonia; drug resistance; risk assessment; risk factors

Indexed keywords

AMINOGLYCOSIDE ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; BETA LACTAM ANTIBIOTIC; CEPHALOSPORIN; MACROLIDE; QUINOLINE DERIVED ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT;

EID: 85026738982     PISSN: 13237799     EISSN: 14401843     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/resp.13135     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (16)

References (64)
  • 1
    • 85009513660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [Accessed 25 Jan 2017.] Available from
    • World Health Organization. Antimicrobial resistance, 2016. [Accessed 25 Jan 2017.] Available from URL: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs194/en/
    • (2016) Antimicrobial resistance
  • 2
    • 0032911760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inadequate antimicrobial treatment of infections: a risk factor for hospital mortality among critically ill patients
    • Kollef MH, Sherman G, Ward S, Fraser VJ. Inadequate antimicrobial treatment of infections: a risk factor for hospital mortality among critically ill patients. Chest 1999; 115: 462–74.
    • (1999) Chest , vol.115 , pp. 462-474
    • Kollef, M.H.1    Sherman, G.2    Ward, S.3    Fraser, V.J.4
  • 4
    • 0036304245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical importance of delays in the initiation of appropriate antibiotic treatment for ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Iregui M, Ward S, Sherman G, Fraser VJ, Kollef MH. Clinical importance of delays in the initiation of appropriate antibiotic treatment for ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest 2002; 122: 262–8.
    • (2002) Chest , vol.122 , pp. 262-268
    • Iregui, M.1    Ward, S.2    Sherman, G.3    Fraser, V.J.4    Kollef, M.H.5
  • 5
    • 13644269309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia
    • American Thoracic Society, Infectious Diseases Society of America. Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2005; 171: 388–416.
    • (2005) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.171 , pp. 388-416
  • 7
    • 30344451643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology and outcomes of health-care-associated pneumonia: results from a large US database of culture-positive pneumonia
    • Kollef MH, Shorr A, Tabak YP, Gupta V, Liu LZ, Johannes RS. Epidemiology and outcomes of health-care-associated pneumonia: results from a large US database of culture-positive pneumonia. Chest 2005; 128: 3854–62.
    • (2005) Chest , vol.128 , pp. 3854-3862
    • Kollef, M.H.1    Shorr, A.2    Tabak, Y.P.3    Gupta, V.4    Liu, L.Z.5    Johannes, R.S.6
  • 10
    • 84892772563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Healthcare-associated pneumonia does not accurately identify potentially resistant pathogens: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Chalmers JD, Rother C, Salih W, Ewig S. Healthcare-associated pneumonia does not accurately identify potentially resistant pathogens: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2014; 58: 330–9.
    • (2014) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.58 , pp. 330-339
    • Chalmers, J.D.1    Rother, C.2    Salih, W.3    Ewig, S.4
  • 13
    • 77949719567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rethinking the concepts of community-acquired and health-care-associated pneumonia
    • Ewig S, Welte T, Chastre J, Torres A. Rethinking the concepts of community-acquired and health-care-associated pneumonia. Lancet Infect. Dis. 2010; 10: 279–87.
    • (2010) Lancet Infect. Dis. , vol.10 , pp. 279-287
    • Ewig, S.1    Welte, T.2    Chastre, J.3    Torres, A.4
  • 14
    • 79961026624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Healthcare-associated pneumonia: diagnostic criteria and distinction from community-acquired pneumonia
    • Falcone M, Venditti M, Shindo Y, Kollef MH. Healthcare-associated pneumonia: diagnostic criteria and distinction from community-acquired pneumonia. Int. J. Infect. Dis. 2011; 15: e545–50.
    • (2011) Int. J. Infect. Dis. , vol.15 , pp. e545-e550
    • Falcone, M.1    Venditti, M.2    Shindo, Y.3    Kollef, M.H.4
  • 18
    • 84960106693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Empiric antibiotic selection and risk prediction of drug-resistant pathogens in community-onset pneumonia
    • Webb BJ, Jones B, Dean NC. Empiric antibiotic selection and risk prediction of drug-resistant pathogens in community-onset pneumonia. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 2016; 29: 167–77.
    • (2016) Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. , vol.29 , pp. 167-177
    • Webb, B.J.1    Jones, B.2    Dean, N.C.3
  • 19
    • 84995377035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of adults with hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia: 2016 Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the American Thoracic Society
    • Kalil AC, Metersky ML, Klompas M, Muscedere J, Sweeney DA, Palmer LB, Napolitano LM, O'Grady NP, Bartlett JG, Carratala J et al. Management of adults with hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia: 2016 Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the American Thoracic Society. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2016; 63: e61–111.
    • (2016) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.63 , pp. e61-111
    • Kalil, A.C.1    Metersky, M.L.2    Klompas, M.3    Muscedere, J.4    Sweeney, D.A.5    Palmer, L.B.6    Napolitano, L.M.7    O'Grady, N.P.8    Bartlett, J.G.9    Carratala, J.10
  • 20
    • 84992200186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for drug-resistant pathogens in immunocompetent patients with pneumonia: evaluation of PES pathogens
    • Ishida T, Ito A, Washio Y, Yamazaki A, Noyama M, Tokioka F, Arita M. Risk factors for drug-resistant pathogens in immunocompetent patients with pneumonia: evaluation of PES pathogens. J. Infect. Chemother. 2017; 23: 23–8.
    • (2017) J. Infect. Chemother. , vol.23 , pp. 23-28
    • Ishida, T.1    Ito, A.2    Washio, Y.3    Yamazaki, A.4    Noyama, M.5    Tokioka, F.6    Arita, M.7
  • 21
    • 84555209205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of a clinical score for assessing the risk of resistant pathogens in patients with pneumonia presenting to the emergency department
    • Shorr AF, Zilberberg MD, Reichley R, Kan J, Hoban A, Hoffman J, Micek ST, Kollef MH. Validation of a clinical score for assessing the risk of resistant pathogens in patients with pneumonia presenting to the emergency department. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2012; 54: 193–8.
    • (2012) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.54 , pp. 193-198
    • Shorr, A.F.1    Zilberberg, M.D.2    Reichley, R.3    Kan, J.4    Hoban, A.5    Hoffman, J.6    Micek, S.T.7    Kollef, M.H.8
  • 22
    • 84878483372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A risk score for identifying methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in patients presenting to the hospital with pneumonia
    • Shorr AF, Myers DE, Huang DB, Nathanson BH, Emons MF, Kollef MH. A risk score for identifying methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in patients presenting to the hospital with pneumonia. BMC Infect. Dis. 2013; 13: 268.
    • (2013) BMC Infect. Dis. , vol.13 , pp. 268
    • Shorr, A.F.1    Myers, D.E.2    Huang, D.B.3    Nathanson, B.H.4    Emons, M.F.5    Kollef, M.H.6
  • 24
    • 84864628718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poor prediction of potentially drug-resistant pathogens using current criteria of health care-associated pneumonia
    • Park SC, Kang YA, Park BH, Kim EY, Park MS, Kim YS, Kim SK, Chang J, Jung JY. Poor prediction of potentially drug-resistant pathogens using current criteria of health care-associated pneumonia. Respir. Med. 2012; 106: 1311–9.
    • (2012) Respir. Med. , vol.106 , pp. 1311-1319
    • Park, S.C.1    Kang, Y.A.2    Park, B.H.3    Kim, E.Y.4    Park, M.S.5    Kim, Y.S.6    Kim, S.K.7    Chang, J.8    Jung, J.Y.9
  • 27
    • 84928634722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection of empirical antibiotics for health care-associated pneumonia via integration of pneumonia severity index and risk factors of drug-resistant pathogens
    • Wang PH, Wang HC, Cheng SL, Chang HT, Laio CH. Selection of empirical antibiotics for health care-associated pneumonia via integration of pneumonia severity index and risk factors of drug-resistant pathogens. J. Formos. Med. Assoc. 2016; 115: 356–63.
    • (2016) J. Formos. Med. Assoc. , vol.115 , pp. 356-363
    • Wang, P.H.1    Wang, H.C.2    Cheng, S.L.3    Chang, H.T.4    Laio, C.H.5
  • 28
    • 84857796031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting antibiotic resistance to community-acquired pneumonia antibiotics in culture-positive patients with healthcare-associated pneumonia
    • Madaras-Kelly KJ, Remington RE, Fan VS, Sloan KL. Predicting antibiotic resistance to community-acquired pneumonia antibiotics in culture-positive patients with healthcare-associated pneumonia. J. Hosp. Med. 2012; 7: 195–202.
    • (2012) J. Hosp. Med. , vol.7 , pp. 195-202
    • Madaras-Kelly, K.J.1    Remington, R.E.2    Fan, V.S.3    Sloan, K.L.4
  • 29
    • 84899104436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and validation of a clinical risk score for predicting drug-resistant bacterial pneumonia in older Chinese patients
    • Ma HM, Ip M, Woo J, Hui DS. Development and validation of a clinical risk score for predicting drug-resistant bacterial pneumonia in older Chinese patients. Respirology 2014; 19: 549–55.
    • (2014) Respirology , vol.19 , pp. 549-555
    • Ma, H.M.1    Ip, M.2    Woo, J.3    Hui, D.S.4
  • 30
    • 4344602738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indicators of potentially drug-resistant bacteria in severe nursing home-acquired pneumonia
    • El Solh AA, Pietrantoni C, Bhat A, Bhora M, Berbary E. Indicators of potentially drug-resistant bacteria in severe nursing home-acquired pneumonia. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2004; 39: 474–80.
    • (2004) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.39 , pp. 474-480
    • El Solh, A.A.1    Pietrantoni, C.2    Bhat, A.3    Bhora, M.4    Berbary, E.5
  • 31
    • 65549154738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Healthcare-associated pneumonia is a heterogeneous disease, and all patients do not need the same broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy as complex nosocomial pneumonia
    • Brito V, Niederman MS. Healthcare-associated pneumonia is a heterogeneous disease, and all patients do not need the same broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy as complex nosocomial pneumonia. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 2009; 22: 316–25.
    • (2009) Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. , vol.22 , pp. 316-325
    • Brito, V.1    Niederman, M.S.2
  • 32
    • 77953312824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistant pathogens in nonnosocomial pneumonia and respiratory failure: is it time to refine the definition of health-care-associated pneumonia?
    • Schreiber MP, Chan CM, Shorr AF. Resistant pathogens in nonnosocomial pneumonia and respiratory failure: is it time to refine the definition of health-care-associated pneumonia? Chest 2010; 137: 1283–8.
    • (2010) Chest , vol.137 , pp. 1283-1288
    • Schreiber, M.P.1    Chan, C.M.2    Shorr, A.F.3
  • 33
    • 84886385257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community-acquired pneumonia versus healthcare-associated pneumonia. The returning pendulum
    • Wunderink RG. Community-acquired pneumonia versus healthcare-associated pneumonia. The returning pendulum. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2013; 188: 896–8.
    • (2013) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.188 , pp. 896-898
    • Wunderink, R.G.1
  • 34
    • 84893609243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical practice. Community-acquired pneumonia
    • Wunderink RG, Waterer GW. Clinical practice. Community-acquired pneumonia. N. Engl. J. Med. 2014; 370: 543–51.
    • (2014) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.370 , pp. 543-551
    • Wunderink, R.G.1    Waterer, G.W.2
  • 35
    • 79953268180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multicentre surveillance study on the characteristics, bacterial aetiologies and in vitro antibiotic susceptibilities in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis
    • Hui DS, Ip M, Ling T, Chang SC, Liao CH, Yoo CG, Kim DK, Yoon HI, Udompanich V, Mogmeud S et al. A multicentre surveillance study on the characteristics, bacterial aetiologies and in vitro antibiotic susceptibilities in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Respirology 2011; 16: 532–9.
    • (2011) Respirology , vol.16 , pp. 532-539
    • Hui, D.S.1    Ip, M.2    Ling, T.3    Chang, S.C.4    Liao, C.H.5    Yoo, C.G.6    Kim, D.K.7    Yoon, H.I.8    Udompanich, V.9    Mogmeud, S.10
  • 36
    • 84865457403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro susceptibilities to levofloxacin and various antibacterial agents of 12,866 clinical isolates obtained from 72 centers in 2010
    • Yamaguchi K, Ohno A, Ishii Y, Tateda K, Iwata M, Levofloxacin-Surveillance Group. In vitro susceptibilities to levofloxacin and various antibacterial agents of 12,866 clinical isolates obtained from 72 centers in 2010. Jpn. J. Antibiot. 2012; 65: 181–206.
    • (2012) Jpn. J. Antibiot. , vol.65 , pp. 181-206
    • Yamaguchi, K.1    Ohno, A.2    Ishii, Y.3    Tateda, K.4    Iwata, M.5
  • 40
    • 84901809320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [Accessed 25 Jan 2017.] Available from
    • World Health Organization. Antimicrobial resistance: global report on surveillance 2014, 2014. [Accessed 25 Jan 2017.] Available from URL: http://www.who.int/antimicrobial-resistance/publications/surveillancereport/en/
    • (2014) Antimicrobial resistance global report on surveillance 2014
  • 41
    • 84994495968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global initiative for meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia (GLIMP): an international, observational cohort study
    • Aliberti S, Reyes LF, Faverio P, Sotgiu G, Dore S, Rodriguez AH, Soni NJ, Restrepo MI, GLIMP Investigators. Global initiative for meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia (GLIMP): an international, observational cohort study. Lancet Infect. Dis. 2016; 16: 1364–76.
    • (2016) Lancet Infect. Dis. , vol.16 , pp. 1364-1376
    • Aliberti, S.1    Reyes, L.F.2    Faverio, P.3    Sotgiu, G.4    Dore, S.5    Rodriguez, A.H.6    Soni, N.J.7    Restrepo, M.I.8
  • 42
    • 84889048733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for drug-resistant bacterial pneumonia in older patients hospitalized with pneumonia in a Chinese population
    • Ma HM, Ip M, Woo J, Hui DS, Lui GC, Lee NL, Chan PK, Rainer TH. Risk factors for drug-resistant bacterial pneumonia in older patients hospitalized with pneumonia in a Chinese population. QJM 2013; 106: 823–9.
    • (2013) QJM , vol.106 , pp. 823-829
    • Ma, H.M.1    Ip, M.2    Woo, J.3    Hui, D.S.4    Lui, G.C.5    Lee, N.L.6    Chan, P.K.7    Rainer, T.H.8
  • 45
  • 48
    • 55949100522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of infection due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria by select risk factors for health care-associated pneumonia
    • Shorr AF, Zilberberg MD, Micek ST, Kollef MH. Prediction of infection due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria by select risk factors for health care-associated pneumonia. Arch. Intern. Med. 2008; 168: 2205–10.
    • (2008) Arch. Intern. Med. , vol.168 , pp. 2205-2210
    • Shorr, A.F.1    Zilberberg, M.D.2    Micek, S.T.3    Kollef, M.H.4
  • 49
    • 84919725929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting risk of drug-resistant organisms in pneumonia: moving beyond the HCAP model
    • Webb BJ, Dascomb K, Stenehjem E, Dean N. Predicting risk of drug-resistant organisms in pneumonia: moving beyond the HCAP model. Respir. Med. 2015; 109: 1–10.
    • (2015) Respir. Med. , vol.109 , pp. 1-10
    • Webb, B.J.1    Dascomb, K.2    Stenehjem, E.3    Dean, N.4
  • 52
    • 0038554228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining community acquired pneumonia severity on presentation to hospital: an international derivation and validation study
    • Lim WS, van der Eerden MM, Laing R, Boersma WG, Karalus N, Town GI, Lewis SA, Macfarlane JT. Defining community acquired pneumonia severity on presentation to hospital: an international derivation and validation study. Thorax 2003; 58: 377–82.
    • (2003) Thorax , vol.58 , pp. 377-382
    • Lim, W.S.1    van der Eerden, M.M.2    Laing, R.3    Boersma, W.G.4    Karalus, N.5    Town, G.I.6    Lewis, S.A.7    Macfarlane, J.T.8
  • 54
    • 85031111671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macrolide therapy for patients with pneumonia: a triple-edged sword
    • In, Aliberti S, Chalmers JD, Pletz M, (eds), Sheffield, European Respiratory Society
    • Shindo Y, Hasegawa Y. Macrolide therapy for patients with pneumonia: a triple-edged sword. In: Aliberti S, Chalmers JD, Pletz M (eds) Anti-Infectives and the Lung (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2017; 206–31.
    • (2017) Anti-Infectives and the Lung (ERS Monograph) , pp. 206-231
    • Shindo, Y.1    Hasegawa, Y.2
  • 57
    • 66149134798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative in vitro susceptibilities of human mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas to a new investigational ketolide, CEM-101
    • Waites KB, Crabb DM, Duffy LB. Comparative in vitro susceptibilities of human mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas to a new investigational ketolide, CEM-101. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2009; 53: 2139–41.
    • (2009) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.53 , pp. 2139-2141
    • Waites, K.B.1    Crabb, D.M.2    Duffy, L.B.3
  • 58
    • 84961396906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of oral solithromycin versus oral moxifloxacin for treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia a global, double-blind, multicentre, randomised, active-controlled, non-inferiority trial (SOLITAIRE-ORAL)
    • Barrera CM, Mykietiuk A, Metev H, Nitu MF, Karimjee N, Doreski PA, Mitha I, Tanaseanu CM, Molina JM, Antonovsky Y et al.; for the SOLITAIRE-ORAL Pneumonia Team. Efficacy and safety of oral solithromycin versus oral moxifloxacin for treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia: a global, double-blind, multicentre, randomised, active-controlled, non-inferiority trial (SOLITAIRE-ORAL). Lancet Infect. Dis. 2016; 16: 421–30.
    • (2016) Lancet Infect. Dis
    • Barrera, C.M.1    Mykietiuk, A.2    Metev, H.3    Nitu, M.F.4    Karimjee, N.5    Doreski, P.A.6    Mitha, I.7    Tanaseanu, C.M.8    Molina, J.M.9    Antonovsky, Y.10
  • 59
    • 84990888176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SOLITAIRE-IV a randomized, double-blind, multicenter study comparing the efficacy and safety of intravenous-to-oral solithromycin to intravenous-to-oral moxifloxacin for treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia
    • File TM Jr, Rewerska B, Vucinic-Mihailovic V, Gonong JR, Das AF, Keedy K, Taylor D, Sheets A, Fernandes P, Oldach D et al.; for the SOLITAIRE-IV Pneumonia Team. SOLITAIRE-IV: a randomized, double-blind, multicenter study comparing the efficacy and safety of intravenous-to-oral solithromycin to intravenous-to-oral moxifloxacin for treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2016; 63: 1007–16.
    • (2016) Clin. Infect. Dis
    • File, T.M.1    Rewerska, B.2    Vucinic-Mihailovic, V.3    Gonong, J.R.4    Das, A.F.5    Keedy, K.6    Taylor, D.7    Sheets, A.8    Fernandes, P.9    Oldach, D.10
  • 60
    • 84940467171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for 30-day mortality in patients with pneumonia who receive appropriate initial antibiotics an observational cohort study
    • Shindo Y, Ito R, Kobayashi D, Ando M, Ichikawa M, Goto Y, Fukui Y, Iwaki M, Okumura J, Yamaguchi I et al.; Central Japan Lung Study Group. Risk factors for 30-day mortality in patients with pneumonia who receive appropriate initial antibiotics: an observational cohort study. Lancet Infect. Dis. 2015; 15: 1055–65.
    • (2015) Lancet Infect. Dis
    • Shindo, Y.1    Ito, R.2    Kobayashi, D.3    Ando, M.4    Ichikawa, M.5    Goto, Y.6    Fukui, Y.7    Iwaki, M.8    Okumura, J.9    Yamaguchi, I.10
  • 61
    • 84869177443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical impact of broad-spectrum empirical antibiotic therapy in patients with healthcare-associated pneumonia: a multicenter interventional study
    • Falcone M, Corrao S, Licata G, Serra P, Venditti M. Clinical impact of broad-spectrum empirical antibiotic therapy in patients with healthcare-associated pneumonia: a multicenter interventional study. Intern. Emerg. Med. 2012; 7: 523–31.
    • (2012) Intern. Emerg. Med. , vol.7 , pp. 523-531
    • Falcone, M.1    Corrao, S.2    Licata, G.3    Serra, P.4    Venditti, M.5
  • 62
    • 84952875977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of Pseudomonas and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospitalized patients with healthcare-associated pneumonia
    • Metersky ML, Frei CR, Mortensen EM. Predictors of Pseudomonas and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospitalized patients with healthcare-associated pneumonia. Respirology 2016; 21: 157–63.
    • (2016) Respirology , vol.21 , pp. 157-163
    • Metersky, M.L.1    Frei, C.R.2    Mortensen, E.M.3
  • 63
    • 84880831969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in patients with community-onset and hospital-onset pneumonia
    • Wooten DA, Winston LG. Risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in patients with community-onset and hospital-onset pneumonia. Respir. Med. 2013; 107: 1266–70.
    • (2013) Respir. Med. , vol.107 , pp. 1266-1270
    • Wooten, D.A.1    Winston, L.G.2
  • 64
    • 84872371180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial drug-resistant microbes associated with hospitalized community-acquired and healthcare-associated pneumonia: a multi-center study in Taiwan
    • Wu CL, Ku SC, Yang KY, Fang WF, Tu CY, Chen CW, Hsu KH, Fan WC, Lin MC, Chen W et al. Antimicrobial drug-resistant microbes associated with hospitalized community-acquired and healthcare-associated pneumonia: a multi-center study in Taiwan. J. Formos. Med. Assoc. 2013; 112: 31–40.
    • (2013) J. Formos. Med. Assoc. , vol.112 , pp. 31-40
    • Wu, C.L.1    Ku, S.C.2    Yang, K.Y.3    Fang, W.F.4    Tu, C.Y.5    Chen, C.W.6    Hsu, K.H.7    Fan, W.C.8    Lin, M.C.9    Chen, W.10


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.