메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue 7, 2017, Pages

Time to consider use of the sodium-to-potassium ratio for practical sodium reduction and potassium increase

Author keywords

Behavior change; Blood pressure; Cardiovascular diseases; Dietary intake evaluation; Potassium; Salt; Self monitoring; Sodium; Sodium to potassium ratio

Indexed keywords

CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASE; NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT; POTASSIUM INTAKE; RENAL SYSTEM PARAMETERS; REVIEW; SELF MONITORING; SODIUM INTAKE; SODIUM TO POTASSIUM RATIO; URINALYSIS; ADMINISTRATION AND DOSAGE; BLOOD PRESSURE;

EID: 85022052891     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20726643     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/nu9070700     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (83)

References (72)
  • 3
    • 26444527981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interventions designed to increase adult fruit and vegetable intake can be effective: A systematic review of the literature
    • Pomerleau, J.; Lock, K.; Knai, C.; McKee, M. Interventions designed to increase adult fruit and vegetable intake can be effective: A systematic review of the literature. J. Nutr. 2005, 135, 2486-2495.
    • (2005) J. Nutr , vol.135 , pp. 2486-2495
    • Pomerleau, J.1    Lock, K.2    Knai, C.3    McKee, M.4
  • 4
    • 0025117534 scopus 로고
    • Hypertension Prevention Trial (HPT): Food pattern changes resulting from intervention on sodium, potassium, and energy intake. Hypertension Prevention Trial Research Group
    • Shah, M.; Jeffery, R.W.; Laing, B.; Savre, S.G.; Van Natta, M.; Strickland, D. Hypertension Prevention Trial (HPT): Food pattern changes resulting from intervention on sodium, potassium, and energy intake. Hypertension Prevention Trial Research Group. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 1990, 90, 69-76.
    • (1990) J. Am. Diet. Assoc , vol.90 , pp. 69-76
    • Shah, M.1    Jeffery, R.W.2    Laing, B.3    Savre, S.G.4    Van Natta, M.5    Strickland, D.6
  • 6
    • 0023724346 scopus 로고
    • INTERSALT: An international study of electrolyte excretion and blood pressure. Results for 24 h urinary sodium and potassium excretion
    • Rose, G.; Stamler, J.; Stamler, R.; Elliott, P.; Marmot, M.; Pyorala, K.; Kesteloot, H.; Joossens, J.; Hansson, L.; Mancia, G.; et al. INTERSALT: An international study of electrolyte excretion and blood pressure. Results for 24 h urinary sodium and potassium excretion. BMJ 1988, 297, 319-328.
    • (1988) BMJ , vol.297 , pp. 319-328
    • Rose, G.1    Stamler, J.2    Stamler, R.3    Elliott, P.4    Marmot, M.5    Pyorala, K.6    Kesteloot, H.7    Joossens, J.8    Hansson, L.9    Mancia, G.10
  • 7
    • 0024460879 scopus 로고
    • INTERSALT study findings. Public health and medical care implications
    • Stamler, J.; Rose, G.; Stamler, R.; Elliott, P.; Dyer, A.; Marmot, M. INTERSALT study findings. Public health and medical care implications. Hypertension 1989, 14, 570-577.
    • (1989) Hypertension , vol.14 , pp. 570-577
    • Stamler, J.1    Rose, G.2    Stamler, R.3    Elliott, P.4    Dyer, A.5    Marmot, M.6
  • 9
    • 0037804861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report of the joint WHO/FAO expert consultation; World Health Organization: Geneva, Switzerland
    • World Health Organization. Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases; Report of the joint WHO/FAO expert consultation; World Health Organization: Geneva, Switzerland, 2003.
    • (2003) Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases
  • 10
    • 84924989839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
    • 7th ed.; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, USA
    • U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 7th ed.; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, USA, 2010.
    • (2010) Dietary Guidelines for Americans
  • 11
    • 84874709884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WHO Document Production Services: Geneva, Switzerland
    • World Health Organization. Guideline: Sodium Intake for Adults and Children; WHO Document Production Services: Geneva, Switzerland, 2012.
    • (2012) Guideline: Sodium Intake for Adults and Children
  • 12
    • 84874709884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WHO Document Production Services: Geneva, Switzerland
    • World Health Organization. Guideline: Potassium Intake for Adults and Children; WHO Document Production Services: Geneva, Switzerland, 2012.
    • (2012) Guideline: Potassium Intake for Adults and Children
  • 13
    • 34248376836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sodium and potassium in the pathogenesis of hypertension
    • Adrogué, H.J.; Madias, N.E. Sodium and potassium in the pathogenesis of hypertension. N. Engl. J. Med. 2007, 356, 1966-1978.
    • (2007) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.356 , pp. 1966-1978
    • Adrogué, H.J.1    Madias, N.E.2
  • 14
    • 84960812222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of different dietary interventions on blood pressure: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Gay, H.C.; Rao, S.G.; Vaccarino, V.; Ali, M.K. Effects of different dietary interventions on blood pressure: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Hypertension 2016, 67, 733-739.
    • (2016) Hypertension , vol.67 , pp. 733-739
    • Gay, H.C.1    Rao, S.G.2    Vaccarino, V.3    Ali, M.K.4
  • 15
    • 84876520844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of longer term modest salt reduction on blood pressure: Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials
    • He, F.J.; Li, J.; MacGregor, G.A. Effect of longer term modest salt reduction on blood pressure: Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. BMJ 2013, 346, f1325.
    • (2013) BMJ , vol.346
    • He, F.J.1    Li, J.2    MacGregor, G.A.3
  • 17
    • 84876590665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of increased potassium on cardiovascular risk factors and disease: Systematic review and meta-analyses
    • Aburto, N.J.; Hanson, S.; Gutierrez, H.; Hooper, L.; Elliott, P.; Cappuccio, F.P. Effect of increased potassium on cardiovascular risk factors and disease: Systematic review and meta-analyses. BMJ 2013, 346, f1378.
    • (2013) BMJ , vol.346
    • Aburto, N.J.1    Hanson, S.2    Gutierrez, H.3    Hooper, L.4    Elliott, P.5    Cappuccio, F.P.6
  • 18
    • 66849093848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Salt intakes around the world: Implications for public health
    • Brown, I.J.; Tzoulaki, I.; Candeias, V.; Elliott, P. Salt intakes around the world: Implications for public health. Int. J. Epidemiol. 2009, 38, 791-813.
    • (2009) Int. J. Epidemiol , vol.38 , pp. 791-813
    • Brown, I.J.1    Tzoulaki, I.2    Candeias, V.3    Elliott, P.4
  • 19
    • 84926513260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The feasibility of meeting the WHO guidelines for sodium and potassium: A cross-national comparison study
    • Drewnowski, A.; Rehm, C.D.; Maillot, M.; Mendoza, A.; Monsivais, P. The feasibility of meeting the WHO guidelines for sodium and potassium: A cross-national comparison study. BMJ Open 2015, 5, e006625.
    • (2015) BMJ Open , vol.5
    • Drewnowski, A.1    Rehm, C.D.2    Maillot, M.3    Mendoza, A.4    Monsivais, P.5
  • 20
    • 84880655635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in sodium levels in processed and restaurant foods, 2005 to 2011
    • Jacobson, M.F.; Havas, S.; McCarter, R. Changes in sodium levels in processed and restaurant foods, 2005 to 2011. JAMA Intern. Med. 2013, 173, 1285-1291.
    • (2013) JAMA Intern. Med , vol.173 , pp. 1285-1291
    • Jacobson, M.F.1    Havas, S.2    McCarter, R.3
  • 21
  • 23
    • 0002624456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biochemical indicators of dietary intake
    • 2nd ed.; Oxford University Press: New York, NY, USA
    • Hunter, D. Biochemical indicators of dietary intake. In Willet W, Nutritional Epidemiology, 2nd ed.; Oxford University Press: New York, NY, USA, 1998; pp. 174-243.
    • (1998) Willet W, Nutritional Epidemiology , pp. 174-243
    • Hunter, D.1
  • 26
    • 0022655006 scopus 로고
    • Sodium and potassium intake measurements: Dietary methodology problems
    • Clark, A.J.; Mossholder, S. Sodium and potassium intake measurements: Dietary methodology problems. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1986, 43, 470-476.
    • (1986) Am. J. Clin. Nutr , vol.43 , pp. 470-476
    • Clark, A.J.1    Mossholder, S.2
  • 29
    • 0021708389 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of sodium intake in epidemiological studies on blood pressure
    • Liu, K.; Stamler, J. Assessment of sodium intake in epidemiological studies on blood pressure. Ann. Clin. Res. 1984, 16, 49-54.
    • (1984) Ann. Clin. Res , vol.16 , pp. 49-54
    • Liu, K.1    Stamler, J.2
  • 30
    • 84978462542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary sodium and cardiovascular disease risk-Measurement matters
    • Cogswell, M.E.; Mugavero, K.; Bowman, B.A.; Frieden, T.R. Dietary sodium and cardiovascular disease risk-Measurement matters. N. Engl. J. Med. 2016, 375, 580-586.
    • (2016) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.375 , pp. 580-586
    • Cogswell, M.E.1    Mugavero, K.2    Bowman, B.A.3    Frieden, T.R.4
  • 31
    • 84895928005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methodological issues in cohort studies that relate sodium intake to cardiovascular disease outcomes: A science advisory from the American Heart Association
    • Cobb, L.K.; Anderson, C.A.; Elliott, P.; Hu, F.B.; Liu, K.; Neaton, J.D.; Whelton, P.K.; Woodward, M.; Appel, L.J. Methodological issues in cohort studies that relate sodium intake to cardiovascular disease outcomes: A science advisory from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2014, 129, 1173-1186.
    • (2014) Circulation , vol.129 , pp. 1173-1186
    • Cobb, L.K.1    Anderson, C.A.2    Elliott, P.3    Hu, F.B.4    Liu, K.5    Neaton, J.D.6    Whelton, P.K.7    Woodward, M.8    Appel, L.J.9
  • 32
    • 0028922503 scopus 로고
    • Validation of weighed records and other methods of dietary assessment using the 24 h urine nitrogen technique and other biological markers
    • Bingham, S.A.; Cassidy, A.; Cole, T.J.; Welch, A.; Runswick, S.A.; Black, A.E.; Thurnham, D.; Bates, C.; Khaw, K.T.; Key, T.J.; et al. Validation of weighed records and other methods of dietary assessment using the 24 h urine nitrogen technique and other biological markers. Br. J. Nutr. 1995, 73, 531-550.
    • (1995) Br. J. Nutr , vol.73 , pp. 531-550
    • Bingham, S.A.1    Cassidy, A.2    Cole, T.J.3    Welch, A.4    Runswick, S.A.5    Black, A.E.6    Thurnham, D.7    Bates, C.8    Khaw, K.T.9    Key, T.J.10
  • 34
    • 0022978417 scopus 로고
    • INTERSALT Study: An international co-operative study on the relation of blood pressure to electrolyte excretion in populations. I: Design and methods
    • The INTERSALT Co-operative Research Group. INTERSALT Study: An international co-operative study on the relation of blood pressure to electrolyte excretion in populations. I: Design and methods. J. Hypertens. 1986, 4, 781-787.
    • (1986) J. Hypertens , vol.4 , pp. 781-787
  • 36
    • 0001805887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 24-h dietary recall and food record method
    • 2nd ed.; Oxford University Press: New York, NY, USA
    • Buzzard, M. 24-h dietary recall and food record method. In Willet W, Nutritional Epidemiology, 2nd ed.; Oxford University Press: New York, NY, USA, 1998; pp. 50-73.
    • (1998) Willet W, Nutritional Epidemiology , pp. 50-73
    • Buzzard, M.1
  • 37
    • 85047696263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple method to estimate populational 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion using a casual urine specimen
    • Tanaka, T.; Okamura, T.; Miura, K.; Kadowaki, T.; Ueshima, H.; Nakagawa, H.; Hashimoto, T. A simple method to estimate populational 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion using a casual urine specimen. J. Hum. Hypertens. 2002, 16, 97-103.
    • (2002) J. Hum. Hypertens , vol.16 , pp. 97-103
    • Tanaka, T.1    Okamura, T.2    Miura, K.3    Kadowaki, T.4    Ueshima, H.5    Nakagawa, H.6    Hashimoto, T.7
  • 38
    • 0027386869 scopus 로고
    • A simple method for estimating 24 h urinary sodium and potassium excretion from second morning voiding urine specimen in adults
    • Kawasaki, T.; Itoh, K.; Uezono, K.; Sasaki, H. A simple method for estimating 24 h urinary sodium and potassium excretion from second morning voiding urine specimen in adults. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 1993, 20, 7-14.
    • (1993) Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol , vol.20 , pp. 7-14
    • Kawasaki, T.1    Itoh, K.2    Uezono, K.3    Sasaki, H.4
  • 39
    • 84878543899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating 24-h urinary sodium excretion from casual urinary sodium concentrations in Western populations: The INTERSALT study
    • Brown, I.J.; Dyer, A.R.; Chan, Q.; Cogswell, M.E.; Ueshima, H.; Stamler, J.; Elliott, P. Estimating 24-h urinary sodium excretion from casual urinary sodium concentrations in Western populations: The INTERSALT study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2013, 177, 1180-1192.
    • (2013) Am. J. Epidemiol , vol.177 , pp. 1180-1192
    • Brown, I.J.1    Dyer, A.R.2    Chan, Q.3    Cogswell, M.E.4    Ueshima, H.5    Stamler, J.6    Elliott, P.7
  • 40
    • 85000632584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of populational 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion from spot urine samples: Evaluation of four formulas in a large national representative population
    • Polonia, J.; Lobo, M.F.; Martins, L.; Pinto, F.; Nazare, J. Estimation of populational 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion from spot urine samples: Evaluation of four formulas in a large national representative population. J. Hypertens. 2017, 35, 477-486.
    • (2017) J. Hypertens , vol.35 , pp. 477-486
    • Polonia, J.1    Lobo, M.F.2    Martins, L.3    Pinto, F.4    Nazare, J.5
  • 42
    • 84898488353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation and comparison of three formulae to estimate sodium and potassium excretion from a single morning fasting urine compared to 24-h measures in 11 countries
    • Mente, A.; O’Donnell, M.J.; Dagenais, G.; Wielgosz, A.; Lear, S.A.; McQueen, M.J.; Jiang, Y.; Wang, X.Y.; Jian, B.; Calik, K.B.; et al. Validation and comparison of three formulae to estimate sodium and potassium excretion from a single morning fasting urine compared to 24-h measures in 11 countries. J. Hypertens. 2014, 32, 1005-1014.
    • (2014) J. Hypertens , vol.32 , pp. 1005-1014
    • Mente, A.1    O’Donnell, M.J.2    Dagenais, G.3    Wielgosz, A.4    Lear, S.A.5    McQueen, M.J.6    Jiang, Y.7    Wang, X.Y.8    Jian, B.9    Calik, K.B.10
  • 45
    • 85022086350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating 24-h urinary sodium/potassium ratio from casual (‘spot’) urinary sodium/potassium ratio: The INTERSALT study
    • Iwahori, T.; Miura, K.; Ueshima, H.; Chan, Q.; Dyer, A.R.; Elliott, P.; Stamler, J. Estimating 24-h urinary sodium/potassium ratio from casual (‘spot’) urinary sodium/potassium ratio: The INTERSALT study. Int. J. Epidemiol. 2016.
    • (2016) Int. J. Epidemiol
    • Iwahori, T.1    Miura, K.2    Ueshima, H.3    Chan, Q.4    Dyer, A.R.5    Elliott, P.6    Stamler, J.7
  • 46
    • 85126527487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • INTERMAP appendix tables
    • Stamler, J.; Chan, Q. INTERMAP appendix tables. J. Hum. Hypertens. 2003, 17, 665-758.
    • (2003) J. Hum. Hypertens , vol.17 , pp. 665-758
    • Stamler, J.1    Chan, Q.2
  • 47
    • 84911452317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Highlighting the ratio of sodium to potassium in population-level dietary assessments: Cross-sectional data from New York City, USA
    • Yi, S.S.; Curtis, C.J.; Angell, S.Y.; Anderson, C.A.; Jung, M.; Kansagra, S.M. Highlighting the ratio of sodium to potassium in population-level dietary assessments: Cross-sectional data from New York City, USA. Public Health Nutr. 2014, 17, 2484-2488
    • (2014) Public Health Nutr , vol.17 , pp. 2484-2488
    • Yi, S.S.1    Curtis, C.J.2    Angell, S.Y.3    Anderson, C.A.4    Jung, M.5    Kansagra, S.M.6
  • 49
    • 0023243789 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between cations and blood pressure in the People’s Republic of China
    • Kesteloot, H.; Huang, D.X.; Li, Y.L.; Geboers, J.; Joossens, J.V. The relationship between cations and blood pressure in the People’s Republic of China. Hypertension 1987, 9, 654-659.
    • (1987) Hypertension , vol.9 , pp. 654-659
    • Kesteloot, H.1    Huang, D.X.2    Li, Y.L.3    Geboers, J.4    Joossens, J.V.5
  • 50
    • 0028270268 scopus 로고
    • Urinary electrolyte excretion in 24 h and blood pressure in the INTERSALT Study. II. Estimates of electrolyte-blood pressure associations corrected for regression dilution bias
    • Dyer, A.R.; Elliott, P.; Shipley, M. Urinary electrolyte excretion in 24 h and blood pressure in the INTERSALT Study. II. Estimates of electrolyte-blood pressure associations corrected for regression dilution bias. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1994, 139, 940-951.
    • (1994) Am. J. Epidemiol , vol.139 , pp. 940-951
    • Dyer, A.R.1    Elliott, P.2    Shipley, M.3
  • 51
    • 0029873197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intersalt revisited: Further analyses of 24 h sodium excretion and blood pressure within and across populations
    • Elliott, P.; Stamler, J.; Nichols, R.; Dyer, A.R.; Stamler, R.; Kesteloot, H.; Marmot, M. Intersalt revisited: Further analyses of 24 h sodium excretion and blood pressure within and across populations. BMJ 1996, 312, 1249-1253.
    • (1996) BMJ , vol.312 , pp. 1249-1253
    • Elliott, P.1    Stamler, J.2    Nichols, R.3    Dyer, A.R.4    Stamler, R.5    Kesteloot, H.6    Marmot, M.7
  • 52
    • 0032167517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of change in sodium excretion on change in blood pressure corrected for measurement error. The Trials of Hypertension Prevention, Phase I
    • Cook, N.R.; Kumanyika, S.K.; Cutler, J.A. Effect of change in sodium excretion on change in blood pressure corrected for measurement error. The Trials of Hypertension Prevention, Phase I. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1998, 148, 431-444.
    • (1998) Am. J. Epidemiol , vol.148 , pp. 431-444
    • Cook, N.R.1    Kumanyika, S.K.2    Cutler, J.A.3
  • 53
    • 79961160909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of urinary sodium and sodium-to-potassium ratio to blood pressure in older adults in Australia
    • Huggins, C.E.; O’Reilly, S.; Brinkman, M.; Hodge, A.; Giles, G.G.; English, D.R.; Nowson, C.A. Relationship of urinary sodium and sodium-to-potassium ratio to blood pressure in older adults in Australia. Med. J. Aust. 2011, 195, 128-132.
    • (2011) Med. J. Aust , vol.195 , pp. 128-132
    • Huggins, C.E.1    O’Reilly, S.2    Brinkman, M.3    Hodge, A.4    Giles, G.G.5    English, D.R.6    Nowson, C.A.7
  • 55
    • 84910635492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sodium-to-potassium ratio and blood pressure, hypertension, and related factors
    • Perez, V.; Chang, E.T. Sodium-to-potassium ratio and blood pressure, hypertension, and related factors. Adv. Nutr. 2014, 5, 712-741.
    • (2014) Adv. Nutr , vol.5 , pp. 712-741
    • Perez, V.1    Chang, E.T.2
  • 56
    • 84941218284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Daily potassium intake and sodium-to-potassium ratio in the reduction of blood pressure: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Binia, A.; Jaeger, J.; Hu, Y.; Singh, A.; Zimmermann, D. Daily potassium intake and sodium-to-potassium ratio in the reduction of blood pressure: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J. Hypertens. 2015, 33, 1509-1520.
    • (2015) J. Hypertens , vol.33 , pp. 1509-1520
    • Binia, A.1    Jaeger, J.2    Hu, Y.3    Singh, A.4    Zimmermann, D.5
  • 57
    • 84947029181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Descriptive epidemiology of spot urine sodium-to-potassium ratio clarified close relationship with blood pressure level: The Nagahama study
    • Tabara, Y.; Takahashi, Y.; Kumagai, K.; Setoh, K.; Kawaguchi, T.; Takahashi, M.; Muraoka, Y.; Tsujikawa, A.; Gotoh, N.; Terao, C.; et al. Descriptive epidemiology of spot urine sodium-to-potassium ratio clarified close relationship with blood pressure level: The Nagahama study. J. Hypertens. 2015, 33, 2407-2413.
    • (2015) J. Hypertens , vol.33 , pp. 2407-2413
    • Tabara, Y.1    Takahashi, Y.2    Kumagai, K.3    Setoh, K.4    Kawaguchi, T.5    Takahashi, M.6    Muraoka, Y.7    Tsujikawa, A.8    Gotoh, N.9    Terao, C.10
  • 58
    • 85005943404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of a community-based sodium reduction program in rural China-A cluster-randomized trial
    • Li, N.; Yan, L.L.; Niu, W.; Yao, C.; Feng, X.; Zhang, J.; Shi, J.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, R.; Hao, Z.; et al. The effects of a community-based sodium reduction program in rural China-A cluster-randomized trial. PLoS ONE 2016, 11, e0166620.
    • (2016) PLoS ONE , vol.11
    • Li, N.1    Yan, L.L.2    Niu, W.3    Yao, C.4    Feng, X.5    Zhang, J.6    Shi, J.7    Zhang, Y.8    Zhang, R.9    Hao, Z.10
  • 59
    • 85000925636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between sodium and potassium intake and blood pressure in a sample of overweight adults
    • Ndanuko, R.N.; Tapsell, L.C.; Charlton, K.E.; Neale, E.P.; O’Donnell, K.M.; Batterham, M.J. Relationship between sodium and potassium intake and blood pressure in a sample of overweight adults. Nutrition 2017, 33, 285-290.
    • (2017) Nutrition , vol.33 , pp. 285-290
    • Ndanuko, R.N.1    Tapsell, L.C.2    Charlton, K.E.3    Neale, E.P.4    O’Donnell, K.M.5    Batterham, M.J.6
  • 60
    • 85020295604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations of usual 24-h sodium and potassium intakes with blood pressure and risk of hypertension among adults in China’s Shandong and Jiangsu provinces
    • Xu, J.; Chen, X.; Ge, Z.; Liang, H.; Yan, L.; Guo, X.; Zhang, Y.; Wang, L.; Ma, J. Associations of usual 24-h sodium and potassium intakes with blood pressure and risk of hypertension among adults in China’s Shandong and Jiangsu provinces. Kidney Blood Press. Res. 2017, 42, 188-200.
    • (2017) Kidney Blood Press. Res , vol.42 , pp. 188-200
    • Xu, J.1    Chen, X.2    Ge, Z.3    Liang, H.4    Yan, L.5    Guo, X.6    Zhang, Y.7    Wang, L.8    Ma, J.9
  • 61
    • 0026082011 scopus 로고
    • Implications of the INTERSALT study
    • Stamler, R. Implications of the INTERSALT study. Hypertension 1991, 17, 116-120.
    • (1991) Hypertension , vol.17 , pp. 116-120
    • Stamler, R.1
  • 62
    • 58349113188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Joint effects of sodium and potassium intake on subsequent cardiovascular disease: The Trials of hypertension prevention follow-up study
    • Cook, N.R.; Obarzanek, E.; Cutler, J.A.; Buring, J.E.; Rexrode, K.M.; Kumanyika, S.K.; Appel, L.J.; Whelton, P.K. Joint effects of sodium and potassium intake on subsequent cardiovascular disease: The Trials of hypertension prevention follow-up study. Arch. Intern. Med. 2009, 169, 32-40.
    • (2009) Arch. Intern. Med , vol.169 , pp. 32-40
    • Cook, N.R.1    Obarzanek, E.2    Cutler, J.A.3    Buring, J.E.4    Rexrode, K.M.5    Kumanyika, S.K.6    Appel, L.J.7    Whelton, P.K.8
  • 63
    • 84994112910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sodium intake and all-cause mortality over 20 years in the trials of hypertension prevention
    • Cook, N.R.; Appel, L.J.; Whelton, P.K. Sodium intake and all-cause mortality over 20 years in the trials of hypertension prevention. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2016, 68, 1609-1617.
    • (2016) J. Am. Coll. Cardiol , vol.68 , pp. 1609-1617
    • Cook, N.R.1    Appel, L.J.2    Whelton, P.K.3
  • 64
    • 34247863975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long term effects of dietary sodium reduction on cardiovascular disease outcomes: Observational follow-up of the trials of hypertension prevention (TOHP)
    • Cook, N.R.; Cutler, J.A.; Obarzanek, E.; Buring, J.E.; Rexrode, K.M.; Kumanyika, S.K.; Appel, L.J.; Whelton, P.K. Long term effects of dietary sodium reduction on cardiovascular disease outcomes: Observational follow-up of the trials of hypertension prevention (TOHP). BMJ 2007, 334, 885-888.
    • (2007) BMJ , vol.334 , pp. 885-888
    • Cook, N.R.1    Cutler, J.A.2    Obarzanek, E.3    Buring, J.E.4    Rexrode, K.M.5    Kumanyika, S.K.6    Appel, L.J.7    Whelton, P.K.8
  • 65
    • 79960957502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sodium and potassium intake and mortality among US adults: Prospective data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    • Yang, Q.; Liu, T.; Kuklina, E.V.; Flanders, W.D.; Hong, Y.; Gillespie, C.; Chang, M.H.; Gwinn, M.; Dowling, N.; Khoury, M.J.; et al. Sodium and potassium intake and mortality among US adults: Prospective data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Arch. Intern. Med. 2011, 171, 1183-1191.
    • (2011) Arch. Intern. Med , vol.171 , pp. 1183-1191
    • Yang, Q.1    Liu, T.2    Kuklina, E.V.3    Flanders, W.D.4    Hong, Y.5    Gillespie, C.6    Chang, M.H.7    Gwinn, M.8    Dowling, N.9    Khoury, M.J.10
  • 66
    • 85020746020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary sodium-to-potassium ratio as a risk factor for stroke, cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in Japan: The NIPPON DATA80 cohort study
    • Okayama, A.; Okuda, N.; Miura, K.; Okamura, T.; Hayakawa, T.; Akasaka, H.; Ohnishi, H.; Saitoh, S.; Arai, Y.; Kiyohara, Y.; et al. Dietary sodium-to-potassium ratio as a risk factor for stroke, cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in Japan: The NIPPON DATA80 cohort study. BMJ Open 2016, 6, e011632.
    • (2016) BMJ Open , vol.6
    • Okayama, A.1    Okuda, N.2    Miura, K.3    Okamura, T.4    Hayakawa, T.5    Akasaka, H.6    Ohnishi, H.7    Saitoh, S.8    Arai, Y.9    Kiyohara, Y.10
  • 67
    • 84905440757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Six random samples of casual urine on different days are sufficient to estimate daily sodium/potassium ratio as compared to 7-day 24-h urine collections
    • Iwahori, T.; Ueshima, H.; Miyagawa, N.; Ohgami, N.; Yamashita, H.; Ohkubo, T.; Murakami, Y.; Shiga, T.; Miura, K. Six random samples of casual urine on different days are sufficient to estimate daily sodium/potassium ratio as compared to 7-day 24-h urine collections. Hypertens. Res. 2014, 37, 765-771.
    • (2014) Hypertens. Res , vol.37 , pp. 765-771
    • Iwahori, T.1    Ueshima, H.2    Miyagawa, N.3    Ohgami, N.4    Yamashita, H.5    Ohkubo, T.6    Murakami, Y.7    Shiga, T.8    Miura, K.9
  • 68
    • 84940054889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Four to seven random casual urine specimens are sufficient to estimate 24-hr urinary sodium/potassium ratio in individuals with high blood pressure
    • Iwahori, T.; Ueshima, H.; Torii, S.; Saito, Y.; Fujiyoshi, A.; Ohkubo, T.; Miura, K. Four to seven random casual urine specimens are sufficient to estimate 24-hr urinary sodium/potassium ratio in individuals with high blood pressure. J. Hum. Hypertens. 2016, 30, 328-334.
    • (2016) J. Hum. Hypertens , vol.30 , pp. 328-334
    • Iwahori, T.1    Ueshima, H.2    Torii, S.3    Saito, Y.4    Fujiyoshi, A.5    Ohkubo, T.6    Miura, K.7
  • 70
    • 85022090005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Newly developed personal device can detect changes and variations of urinary Na/K ratio with standardized low- and high-salt meals in healthy volunteers
    • Yatabe, J.; Yatabe, M.S.; Takano, K.; Watanabe, A.; Kurosawa, S.; Yonemoto, M.; Nochi, M.; Ikeda, Y.; Iwahori, T.; Shiga, T.; et al. Newly developed personal device can detect changes and variations of urinary Na/K ratio with standardized low- and high-salt meals in healthy volunteers. Hypertension 2014, 64, A072.
    • (2014) Hypertension , vol.64
    • Yatabe, J.1    Yatabe, M.S.2    Takano, K.3    Watanabe, A.4    Kurosawa, S.5    Yonemoto, M.6    Nochi, M.7    Ikeda, Y.8    Iwahori, T.9    Shiga, T.10
  • 71
    • 85022015283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio tracks the changes of salt intake during an experimental feeding study using standardized low-salt and high-salt meals in healthy Japanese volunteers
    • Yatabe, M.S.; Iwahori, T.; Watanabe, A.; Takano, K.; Sanada, H.; Watanabe, T.; Ichihara, A.; Felder, R.A.; Miura, K.; Ueshima, H.; et al. Urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio tracks the changes of salt intake during an experimental feeding study using standardized low-salt and high-salt meals in healthy Japanese volunteers. Nutrients 2017, in press.
    • (2017) Nutrients
    • Yatabe, M.S.1    Iwahori, T.2    Watanabe, A.3    Takano, K.4    Sanada, H.5    Watanabe, T.6    Ichihara, A.7    Felder, R.A.8    Miura, K.9    Ueshima, H.10
  • 72
    • 85021895112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of a self-monitoring device for urinary sodium/potassium ratio on dietary improvement in free-living adults: A randomized controlled trial
    • Iwahori, T.; Ueshima, H.; Ohgami, N.; Yamashita, H.; Miyagawa, N.; Kondo, K.; Torii, S.; Yoshita, K.; Shiga, T.; Ohkubo, T.; et al. Effectiveness of a self-monitoring device for urinary sodium/potassium ratio on dietary improvement in free-living adults: A randomized controlled trial. J. Epidemiol. 2017, in press.
    • (2017) J. Epidemiol
    • Iwahori, T.1    Ueshima, H.2    Ohgami, N.3    Yamashita, H.4    Miyagawa, N.5    Kondo, K.6    Torii, S.7    Yoshita, K.8    Shiga, T.9    Ohkubo, T.10


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.