A large-scale renewable electricity supply system by 2030: Solar, wind, energy efficiency, storage and inertia for the South West Interconnected System (SWIS) in Western Australia

Renewable Energy

Volumn 113, Issue , 2017, Pages 713-731

  Laslett, Dean ^a   Carter, Craig ^a   Creagh, Chris ^a   Jennings, Philip ^a  

^a MURDOCH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

100 renewable energy simulation; Energy efficiency; Power to gas storage; Solar thermal power tower energy storage model

Indexed keywords

BATTERY STORAGE; CLIMATE CHANGE; ECONOMICS; ELECTRIC BATTERIES; ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM INTERCONNECTION; ENERGY POLICY; FUEL STORAGE; GASES; HEAT STORAGE; HYDROELECTRIC GENERATORS; HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANTS; PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; PROVEN RESERVES; SOLAR ENERGY; SOLAR HEATING; SYNTHETIC FUELS; WIND; WIND POWER;

BATTERY STORAGE SYSTEM; CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION; CONVENTIONAL GENERATORS; ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS; GAS STORAGE; RENEWABLE ENERGIES; SOLAR THERMAL POWER; SOLAR THERMAL STORAGES;

ENERGY EFFICIENCY;

CLIMATE CHANGE; DEMAND-SIDE MANAGEMENT; ENERGY EFFICIENCY; FEASIBILITY STUDY; HYDROELECTRIC POWER; INTERNET; MODEL TEST; POWER PLANT; RELIABILITY ANALYSIS; RENEWABLE RESOURCE; SMART GRID; SOLAR POWER; STORAGE; THERMAL POWER; WIND POWER;

AUSTRALIA; WESTERN AUSTRALIA;

EID: 85020791636     PISSN: 09601481     EISSN: 18790682     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2017.06.023     Document Type: Article

References (84)

1. Steffen, W., Hughes, L., Pearce, A., Climate Change 2015: Growing Risks, Critical Choices. 2015, Climate Council of Australia.
2. UNFCCC, Adoption of the Paris Agreement. 2015 https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2015/cop21/eng/l09.pdf (Accessed 27 April 2016).
3. Springmann, Marco, Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Robinson, Sherman, Garnett, Tara, Godfray, H.Charles J., Gollin, Douglas, Rayner, Mike, Ballon, Paola, Scarborough, Peter, Global and regional health effects of future food production under climate change: a modelling study. Lancet 387:10031 (2016), 1937–1946, 10.1016/s0140-6736(15)01156-3.
4. Gardiner, W.D., Analysis of the Technical Feasibility of Powering the South-west Interconnected System (SWIS) on 100% Renewable Energy. Masters Dissertation, Murdoch, 2013.
5. Barrett, M., A Renewable Electricity System for the UK. A Response to the 2006 Energy Review. 2006.
6. Blackburn, J., Matching Utility Loads with Solar and Wind Power in North Carolina Dealing with Intermittent Electricity Sources. 2010, Institute for Energy and Environmental Research, Takoma Park, USA http://www.geni.org/globalenergy/library/technical-articles/generation/policy/eere/groundbreaking-study-finds/NC-Wind-Solar.pdf (Accessed 5 March 2016).
7. Budischak, C., Sewell, D., Thomson, H., Mach, L., Veron, D.E., Kempton, W., Cost-minimized combinations of wind power, solar power and electrochemical storage, powering the grid up to 99.9% of the time. J. Power Sources 225 (2013), 60–74, 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.09.054.
8. Connolly, D., Lund, H., Mathiesen, B.V., Leahy, M., The first step towards a 100% renewable energy-system for Ireland. Appl. Energy 88 (2011), 502–507, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.03.006.
9. Connolly, D., Lund, H., Mathiesen, B.V., Smart Energy Europe: the technical and economic impact of one potential 100% renewable energy scenario for the European Union, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 60 (2016), 1634–1653, 10.1016/j.rser.2016.02.025.
10. Elliston, B., Diesendorf, M., MacGill, I., Simulations of scenarios with 100% renewable electricity in the australian national electricity market. Energy Policy 45 (2012), 606–613, 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.03.011.
11. Jacobson, M.Z., Delucchi, M.A., Bazouin, G., Bauer, Z.A.F., Heavey, C.C., Fisher, E., Morris, S.B., Piekutowski, D.J.Y., Vencill, T.A., Yeskoo, T.W., 100% clean and renewable wind, water, and sunlight (WWS) all-sector energy roadmaps for the 50 United States. Energy Env. Sci. 8 (2015), 2093–2117, 10.1039/C5EE01283J.
12. Herbergs, S., Lehmann, H., Peter, S., The Computer-modelled Simulation of Renewable Electricity Networks. 2009, ISUSI, Institute for Sustainable Solutions and Innovations, Aachen.
13. Hoste, G., Dvorak, M., Jacobson, M.Z., Matching Hourly and Peak Demand by Combining Different Renewable Energy Sources, VPUE Final Report., 2009, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.
14. Lehmann, H., Energy Rich Japan. 2003, Institute for Sustainable Solutions and Innovations (ISUSI).
15. Luo, Xing, Wang, Jihong, Dooner, Mark, Clarke, Jonathan, Overview of current development in electrical energy storage technologies and the application potential in power system operation. Appl. Energy 137 (2015), 511–536, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.09.081.
16. Weitemeyer, Stefan, Kleinhans, David, Vogt, Thomas, Agert, Carsten, Integration of Renewable Energy Sources in future power systems: the role of storage. Renew. Energy 75 (2015), 14–20, 10.1016/j.renene.2014.09.028.
17. Lund, Henrik, Andersen, Anders N., Østergaard, Poul Alberg, Mathiesen, Brian Vad, Connolly, David, From electricity smart grids to smart energy systems – a market operation based approach and understanding. Energy 42:1 (2012), 96–102, 10.1016/j.energy.2012.04.003.
18. Mathiesen, B.V., Lund, H., Connolly, D., Wenzel, H., Østergaard, P.A., Möller, B., Nielsen, S., Ridjan, I., Karnøe, P., Sperling, K., Hvelplund, F.K., Smart Energy Systems for coherent 100% renewable energy and transport solutions. Appl. Energy 145 (2015), 139–154, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.01.075.
19. Nastasi, Benedetto, Lo Basso, Gianluigi, Hydrogen to link heat and electricity in the transition towards future Smart Energy Systems. Energy 110 (2016), 5–22, 10.1016/j.energy.2016.03.097.
20. Cheng, Shaoan, Xing, Defeng, Call, Douglas F., Logan, Bruce E., Direct biological conversion of electrical current into methane by electromethanogenesis. Environ. Sci. Technol. 43:10 (2009), 3953–3958, 10.1021/es803531g.
21. Guandalini, Giulio, Campanari, Stefano, Romano, Matteo C., Power-to-gas plants and gas turbines for improved wind energy dispatchability: energy and economic assessment. Appl. Energy 147 (2015), 117–130, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.02.055.
22. Götz, Manuel, Lefebvre, Jonathan, Mörs, Friedemann, McDaniel Koch, Amy, Graf, Frank, Bajohr, Siegfried, Reimert, Rainer, Kolb, Thomas, Renewable Power-to-Gas: a technological and economic review. Renew. Energy 85 (2016), 1371–1390, 10.1016/j.renene.2015.07.066.
23. Davis, William, Martín, Mariano, Optimal year-round operation for methane production from CO2 and water using wind energy. Energy 69 (2014), 497–505, 10.1016/j.energy.2014.03.043.
24. Mullan, Jonathan, Harries, David, Bräunl, Thomas, Whitely, Stephen, Modelling the impacts of electric vehicle recharging on the Western Australian electricity supply system. Energy Policy 39:7 (2011), 4349–4359, 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.04.052.
25. Power, Western, Ancillary Service Report 2013 Prepared under Clause 3.11.11 of the Market Rules by System Management., 2013, Western Power, Perth.
26. IMOWA, 2014 Electricity Statement of Opportunities. 2015, Independent Market Operator Western Australia, Perth http://www.imowa.com.au/docs/default-source/Reserve-Capacity/2014-electricity-statement-of-opportunities76EBFFC3E047.pdf (Accessed 16 September 2015).
27. IMO, Gas statement of Opportunities. 2015, Independent Market Operator, Perth www.imowa.com.au (Accessed 21 July 2016).
28. Riesz, J., Shiao, S., Turley, A., Assessment of FCS and Technical Rules. 2010, Roam Consulting, Brisbane.
29. Da Silva, E.L., Hedgecock, J.J., Mello, J.C.O., Da Luz, J.C.F., Practical cost-based approach for the voltage ancillary service. Power Syst. IEEE Trans. On. 16 (2001), 806–812.
30. Cha, S.T., Zhao, H., Wu, Q., Saleem, A., Østergaard, J., Coordinated control scheme of battery energy storage system (BESS) and distributed generations (DGs) for electric distribution grid operation. IECON 2012-38th Annu. Conf. IEEE Ind. Electron. Soc., 2012, IEEE, 4758–4764 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=6389587 (Accessed 17 December 2015).
31. Ulbig, A., Borsche, T.S., Andersson, G., Impact of Low Rotational Inertia on Power System Stability and Operation, ArXiv Prepr. ArXiv13126435. 2013 http://arxiv.org/abs/1312.6435 (Accessed 17 December 2015).
32. V. Knap, R. Sinha, M. Swierczynski, D.-I. Stroe, S. Chaudhary, Grid inertial response with Lithium-ion battery energy storage systems, in: Ind. Electron. ISIE 2014 IEEE 23rd Int. Symp. On, 2014: pp. 1817–1822. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ISIE.2014.6864891.
33. Rahmann, Claudia, Castillo, Alfredo, Fast frequency response capability of photovoltaic power plants: the necessity of new grid requirements and definitions. Energies 7:10 (2014), 6306–6322, 10.3390/en7106306.
34. Vidal-Amaro, Juan José, Østergaard, Poul Alberg, Sheinbaum-Pardo, Claudia, Optimal energy mix for transitioning from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources – the case of the Mexican electricity system. Appl. Energy 150 (2015), 80–96, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.03.133.
35. Loftus, Peter J., Cohen, Armond M., Long, Jane C.S., Jenkins, Jesse D., A critical review of global decarbonization scenarios: what do they tell us about feasibility?. Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. Clim. Change 6:1 (2015), 93–112, 10.1002/wcc.324.
36. Denholm, P., Mehos, M., Enabling Greater Penetration of Solar Power via the Use of CSP with Thermal Energy Storage. 2011, National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
37. Liu, Ming, Steven Tay, N.H., Bell, Stuart, Belusko, Martin, Jacob, Rhys, Will, Geoffrey, Saman, Wasim, Bruno, Frank, Review on concentrating solar power plants and new developments in high temperature thermal energy storage technologies. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 53 (2016), 1411–1432, 10.1016/j.rser.2015.09.026.
38. Mathiesen, B.V., Lund, H., Karlsson, K., 100% Renewable energy systems, climate mitigation and economic growth. Appl. Energy 88 (2011), 488–501, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.03.001.
39. Elliston, B., MacGill, I., Diesendorf, M., Comparing least cost scenarios for 100% renewable electricity with low emission fossil fuel scenarios in the Australian National Electricity Market. Renew. Energy 66 (2014), 196–204, 10.1016/j.renene.2013.12.010.
40. Riesz, J., Elliston, B., Vithayasrichareon, Peerapat, MacGill, Ian, 100% Renewables for Australia?, Centre for Energy and Environmental Markets. 2016, University of NSW, Sydney http://ceem.unsw.edu.au/sites/default/files/documents/100pc%20RE%20-%20Research%20Summary-2016-03-02a.pdf (Accessed 27 July 2016).
41. Laslett, Dean, Creagh, Chris, Jennings, Philip, A method for generating synthetic hourly solar radiation data for any location in the south west of Western Australia, in a world wide web page. Renew. Energy 68 (2014), 87–102, 10.1016/j.renene.2014.01.015.
42. Laslett, Dean, Creagh, Chris, Jennings, Philip, A simple hourly wind power simulation for the South-West region of Western Australia using MERRA data. Renew. Energy 96 (2016), 1003–1014, 10.1016/j.renene.2016.05.024.
43. ABS, 3218.0-Regional Population Growth, Australia, 2013-14, Australian Bureau of Statistics, Canberra, 2015. http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Lookup/3218.0Main+Features12013-14?OpenDocument (Accessed 13 March 2016).
44. MR, Review of SWIS Planning Criterion, Market Research, 2012.
45. Negra, N. Barberis, Todorovic, J., Ackermann, T., Loss evaluation of HVAC and HVDC transmission solutions for large offshore wind farms. Electr. Power Syst. Res. 76:11 (2006), 916–927, 10.1016/j.epsr.2005.11.004.
46. Dortolina, C.A., Nadira, R., The loss that is unknown is No loss at all: a top-down/bottom-up approach for estimating distribution losses. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 20 (2005), 1119–1125, 10.1109/TPWRS.2005.846104.
47. Masoum, A.S., Deilami, S., Moses, P.S., Abu-Siada, A., Impacts of battery charging rates of plug-in electric vehicle on smart grid distribution systems. Innov. Smart Grid Technol. Conf. Eur. ISGT Eur. 2010 IEEE PES, 2010, IEEE, 1–6 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=5638981 (Accessed 24 September 2015).
48. Bahrman, M.P., HVDC transmission overview. Transm. Distrib. Conf. Expo. 2008 T X00026 IEEEPES, 2008, IEEE, 1–7 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=4517304 (Accessed 24 September 2015).
49. Koutroulis, E., Blaabjerg, F., Design optimization of transformerless grid-connected PV inverters including reliability. IEEE Trans. Power Electron 28 (2013), 325–335, 10.1109/TPEL.2012.2198670.
50. Carr, A.J., Pryor, T.L., A comparison of the performance of different PV module types in temperate climates. Sol. Energy 76:1–3 (2004), 285–294, 10.1016/j.solener.2003.07.026.
51. Huld, Thomas, Gottschalg, Ralph, Beyer, Hans Georg, Topič, Marko, Mapping the performance of PV modules, effects of module type and data averaging. Sol. Energy 84:2 (2010), 324–338, 10.1016/j.solener.2009.12.002.
52. Jones, B., Wilmot, N., Lark, A., Study on the impact of Photovoltaic (PV) generation on peak demand, Network. http://pdc-cmsdgp02.westernpower.com.au/documents/Photovoltaic_Forecast_Public_Version_2012.pdf, 2012 (Accessed 28 August 2015).
53. APVI, Australian PV Institute (APVI) Solar Map, Funded by the Australian Renewable Energy Agency. 2016 pv-map.apvi.org.au (Accessed 14 March 2016).
54. ABS, 2011 Census QuickStats Greater Perth. 2011, Australian Bureau of Statistics, Perth http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2011/quickstat/5GPER?opendocument&navpos=220 (Accessed 8 April 2013).
55. DIT, State of Australian Cities 2012, Infrastructure Australia. 2012, Department of Infrastructure and Transport Major Cities Unit, Canberra, ACT.
56. Tian, Y., Zhao, C.Y., A review of solar collectors and thermal energy storage in solar thermal applications. Appl. Energy 104 (2013), 538–553, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.11.051.
57. Wagner, M.J., Simulation and Predictive Performance Modeling of Utility-scale Central Receiver System Power Plants. 2008, University of Wisconsin–Madison.
58. C.E. Tyner, D. Wasyluk, eSolar's modular, scalable molten salt power tower reference plant design, in: 19th Annu. SolarPACES Symp., 2013. http://www.esolar.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/SolarPACES-2013.pdf (Accessed 14 March 2016).
59. Hinkley, J., Curtin, B., Hayward, J., Wonhas, A., Boyd, R., Grima, C., Tadros, A., Hall, R., Naicker, K., Mikhail, A., Concentrating Solar Power–drivers and Opportunities for Cost-competitive Electricity. 2011, Clayton South CSIRO https://publications.csiro.au/rpr/download?pid=csiro:EP111647&dsid=DS3 (Accessed 14 September 2015).
60. Rienecker, M.M., Suarez, M.J., Gelaro, R., Todling, R., Bacmeister, J., Liu, E., Bosilovich, M.G., Schubert, S.D., Takacs, L., Kim, G.-K., et al. MERRA: NASA's modern-era retrospective analysis for research and applications. J. Clim. 24 (2011), 3624–3648.
61. Soloveichik, Grigorii L., Battery technologies for large-scale stationary energy storage. Annu. Rev. Chem. Biomol. Eng. 2:1 (2011), 503–527, 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-061010-114116.
62. McCloskey, Bryan D., Expanding the ragone plot: pushing the limits of energy storage. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 6:18 (2015), 3592–3593.
63. Mishra, A., Sitaraman, R., Irwin, D., Zhu, T., Shenoy, P., Dalvi, B., Lee, S., Integrating Energy Storage in Electricity Distribution Networks. 2015, ACM Press, 37–46, 10.1145/2768510.2768543.
64. Jentsch, M., Trost, T., Sterner, M., Optimal use of power-to-gas energy storage systems in an 85% renewable energy scenario. Energy Procedia 46 (2014), 254–261, 10.1016/j.egypro.2014.01.180.
65. Alvarez, R.A., Pacala, S.W., Winebrake, J.J., Chameides, W.L., Hamburg, S.P., Greater focus needed on methane leakage from natural gas infrastructure. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 109:17 (2012), 6435–6440.
66. Backlund, Sandra, Thollander, Patrik, Palm, Jenny, Ottosson, Mikael, Extending the energy efficiency gap. Energy Policy 51 (2012), 392–396.
67. S. Nadel, A. Shipley, R.N. Elliott, The technical, economic and achievable potential for energy-efficiency in the US–A meta-analysis of recent studies, in: Proc. 2004 ACEEE Summer Study Energy Effic. Build., 2004: pp. 8–215.
68. Chua, K.J., Chou, S.K., Yang, W.M., Yan, J., Achieving better energy-efficient air conditioning – a review of technologies and strategies. Appl. Energy 104 (2013), 87–104, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.10.037.
69. Huntington, H.G., The policy implications of energy-efficiency cost curves. Energy J. 32 (2011), 7–22.
70. REN21, Renewables 2016 Global Status Report., 2016, REN21 Secretariat, Paris.
71. AWDC, Perth Snapshot 2011, Aboriginal Workforce Development Centre. 2011, Government of Western Australia department of training and workforce development, Perth http://www.dtwd.wa.gov.au/employeesandstudents/aboriginalworkforcedevelopmentcentre/resources/regional-snapshots/Documents/Final%20Perth%20Snapshot%202011%20V1%202.pdf (Accessed 11 June 2015).
72. IRENA, Battery Storage for Renewables: Market Status and Technology Outlook. 2015.
73. Hughes, Michael G., Heap, Andrew D., National-scale wave energy resource assessment for Australia. Renew. Energy 35:8 (2010), 1783–1791, 10.1016/j.renene.2009.11.001.
74. Wu, H., Fu, Q., Giles, R., Bartle, J., Production of mallee biomass in western Australia: energy balance analysis†. Energy fuels. 22 (2008), 190–198, 10.1021/ef7002969.
75. Hearps, P., Dargaville, R., McConnell, D., Sandiford, M., Seligman, P., Opportunities for Pumped Hydro Energy Storage in Australia. 2014, Melbourne Energy Institute, Melbourne.
76. Turchi, C., Mehos, M., Ho, C.K., Kolb, G.J., Current and Future Costs for Parabolic Trough and Power Tower Systems in the US Market. SolarPACES 2010, 2010 http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy11osti/49303.pdf (Accessed 2 June 2016).
77. Singer, Csaba, Buck, Reiner, Pitz-Paal, Robert, Müller-Steinhagen, Hans, Assessment of solar power tower driven ultrasupercritical steam cycles applying tubular central receivers with varied heat transfer media. J. Sol. Energy Eng., 132(4), 2010, 041010.
78. Gauché, P., Pfenninger, S., Meyer, A.J., von Backström, T.W., Brent, A.C., Modeling Dispatchability Potential of CSP in South Africa. SASEC 2012, 2012 http://concentrating.sun.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/PL-03.pdf (Accessed 7 April 2016).
79. M.J. Wagner, G. Zhu, A generic CSP performance model for NREL's System Advisor Model, in: Proc. 17th SolarPACES Symp. Granada Spain, 2011. http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy11osti/52473.pdf (Accessed 16 April 2016).
80. Spencer, J.W., Perth Solar Tables: Tables for Solar Position and Radiation for Perth (Latitude 32.0° S.) in SI Units. 1976, Commonwealth Scient. and Industrial Research Org, Melbourne.
81. Avila-Marin, Antonio L., Fernandez-Reche, Jesus, Tellez, Felix M., Evaluation of the potential of central receiver solar power plants: configuration, optimization and trends. Appl. Energy 112 (2013), 274–288, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.05.049.
82. Madaeni, S.H., Sioshansi, R., Denholm, P., How thermal energy storage enhances the economic viability of concentrating solar power. Proc. IEEE 100 (2012), 335–347, 10.1109/JPROC.2011.2144950.
83. Bayón, Rocío, Rojas, Esther, Simulation of thermocline storage for solar thermal power plants: from dimensionless results to prototypes and real-size tanks. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 60 (2013), 713–721, 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2013.01.047.
84. Denholm, P., Wan, Y.-H., Hummon, M., Mehos, M., An analysis of concentrating solar power with thermal energy storage in a California 33% renewable scenario. Contract 303 (2013), 275–3000.