메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2017, Issue 5, 2017, Pages

Branched-chain amino acids for people with hepatic encephalopathy

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALBUMIN; BRANCHED CHAIN AMINO ACID; LACTULOSE; NEOMYCIN;

EID: 85019616092     PISSN: None     EISSN: 1469493X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001939.pub4     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (49)

References (114)
  • 1
    • 0021879697 scopus 로고
    • Controlled trial of nutritional supplementation, with and without branched chain amino acid enrichment, in treatment of acute alcoholic hepatitis
    • 2672562
    • Calvey H, Davis M, Williams R. Controlled trial of nutritional supplementation, with and without branched chain amino acid enrichment, in treatment of acute alcoholic hepatitis. Journal of Hepatology 1985;1:141-51. 2672562
    • (1985) Journal of Hepatology , vol.1 , pp. 141-151
    • Calvey, H.1    Davis, M.2    Williams, R.3
  • 2
    • 0021705952 scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of nasogastric feeding via East Grinstead or Viomedex tubes compared with oral dietary supplementation in patients with cirrhosis
    • 2672563
    • Calvey H, Davis M, Williams R. Prospective study of nasogastric feeding via East Grinstead or Viomedex tubes compared with oral dietary supplementation in patients with cirrhosis. Clinical Nutrition 1984;3:63-6. 2672563
    • (1984) Clinical Nutrition , vol.3 , pp. 63-66
    • Calvey, H.1    Davis, M.2    Williams, R.3
  • 3
    • 85019580203 scopus 로고
    • Controlled trial of nutritional supplementation in acute alcoholic hepatitis
    • In: Holm EKH editor(s). Lancaster, UK: MTP Press, Ltd, 2672564
    • Williams R, Calvey H, Davis M. Controlled trial of nutritional supplementation in acute alcoholic hepatitis. In: Holm EKH editor(s). Metabolism and Nutrition in Liver Disease. Lancaster, UK: MTP Press, Ltd, 1985:361-8. 2672564
    • (1985) Metabolism and Nutrition in Liver Disease , pp. 361-368
    • Williams, R.1    Calvey, H.2    Davis, M.3
  • 4
    • 85019631546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disease-specific amino acid infusion (F080) in hepatic encephalopathy: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial [personal communication]
    • September 2002. 2672569
    • Cerra FB. Disease-specific amino acid infusion (F080) in hepatic encephalopathy: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial [personal communication]. Correspondence with authors September 2002. 2672569
    • Correspondence with authors
    • Cerra, F.B.1
  • 7
    • 0020510622 scopus 로고
    • Cirrhosis, encephalopathy, and improved results with metabolic support
    • 2672568
    • Cerra FB, McMillen M, Angelico R, Cline B, Lyons J, Faulkenbach L, et al. Cirrhosis, encephalopathy, and improved results with metabolic support. Surgery 1983;94:612-9. 2672568
    • (1983) Surgery , vol.94 , pp. 612-619
    • Cerra, F.B.1    McMillen, M.2    Angelico, R.3    Cline, B.4    Lyons, J.5    Faulkenbach, L.6
  • 9
    • 84909714826 scopus 로고
    • Effective treatment of latens porto-systemic encephalopathy with oral branched chain amino acids
    • In: Capocaccia L, Fischer JE, Rossi-Fanelli F editor(s). New York: Plenum Press, 2672572
    • Egberts EH, Schomeerus H, Hamster W, Jürgens P. Effective treatment of latens porto-systemic encephalopathy with oral branched chain amino acids. In: Capocaccia L, Fischer JE, Rossi-Fanelli F editor(s). Hepatic Encephalopathy in Chronic Liver Failure. New York: Plenum Press, 1984:351-7. 2672572
    • (1984) Hepatic Encephalopathy in Chronic Liver Failure , pp. 351-357
    • Egberts, E.H.1    Schomeerus, H.2    Hamster, W.3    Jürgens, P.4
  • 10
    • 0021963821 scopus 로고
    • Branched chain amino acids in the treatment of latent portosystemic encephalopathy. A double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study
    • 2672574
    • Egberts EH, Schomerus H, Hamster W, Jurgens P. Branched chain amino acids in the treatment of latent portosystemic encephalopathy. A double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study. Gastroenterology 1985;88:887-95. 2672574
    • (1985) Gastroenterology , vol.88 , pp. 887-895
    • Egberts, E.H.1    Schomerus, H.2    Hamster, W.3    Jurgens, P.4
  • 11
    • 0022557019 scopus 로고
    • Branched-chain amino acids in the treatment of latent porto-systemic encephalopathy. A placebo-controlled double-blind cross-over study Verzweigtkettige Aminosäuren bei der behandlung der latenten portosystemischen enzephalopathie. Eine placebokontrollierte doppelblind-cross-over-studie]
    • 2672573
    • Egberts EH, Schomerus H, Hamster W, Jürgens P. Branched-chain amino acids in the treatment of latent porto-systemic encephalopathy. A placebo-controlled double-blind cross-over study [Verzweigtkettige Aminosäuren bei der behandlung der latenten portosystemischen enzephalopathie. Eine placebokontrollierte doppelblind-cross-over-studie]. Zeitschrift für Ernährungswissenschaft 1986;25:9-28. 2672573
    • (1986) Zeitschrift für Ernährungswissenschaft , vol.25 , pp. 9-28
    • Egberts, E.H.1    Schomerus, H.2    Hamster, W.3    Jürgens, P.4
  • 12
    • 0020353983 scopus 로고
    • Treatment with branched-chain amino acids and effect on psycho-physical capacity functions in latent porto-systemic encephalopathy Behandlung mit verzweigtkettigen aminosäuren und ihre auswirkung auf psychophysische leistungsfunktionen bei latenter portosystemischer enzephalopathie]
    • 2672575
    • Hamster W, Egberts EH, Hamster H. Treatment with branched-chain amino acids and effect on psycho-physical capacity functions in latent porto-systemic encephalopathy [Behandlung mit verzweigtkettigen aminosäuren und ihre auswirkung auf psychophysische leistungsfunktionen bei latenter portosystemischer enzephalopathie]. Arzneimittelforschung 1982;32:901-2. 2672575
    • (1982) Arzneimittelforschung , vol.32 , pp. 901-902
    • Hamster, W.1    Egberts, E.H.2    Hamster, H.3
  • 14
    • 0021989098 scopus 로고
    • Branched chain amino acid enriched solutions in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy: a controlled trial
    • 2672579
    • Fiaccadori F, Ghinelli F, Pedretti G. Branched chain amino acid enriched solutions in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy: a controlled trial. Italian Journal of Gastroenterology 1985;17:5-10. 2672579
    • (1985) Italian Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.17 , pp. 5-10
    • Fiaccadori, F.1    Ghinelli, F.2    Pedretti, G.3
  • 16
    • 0003138763 scopus 로고
    • Branched chain amino acid enriched solutions in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy: a controlled trial
    • In: Capocaccia L, Fischer JE, Rossi-Fanelli F editor(s). New York: Plenum Press, 2672578
    • Fiaccadori F, Ghinelli F, Pedretti G, Pelosi G, Sacchini D, Zeneroli ML, et al. Branched chain amino acid enriched solutions in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy: a controlled trial. In: Capocaccia L, Fischer JE, Rossi-Fanelli F editor(s). Hepatic Encephalopathy in Chronic Liver Failure. New York: Plenum Press, 1984:323-33. 2672578
    • (1984) Hepatic Encephalopathy in Chronic Liver Failure , pp. 323-333
    • Fiaccadori, F.1    Ghinelli, F.2    Pedretti, G.3    Pelosi, G.4    Sacchini, D.5    Zeneroli, M.L.6
  • 18
    • 84920137307 scopus 로고
    • A randomized controlled trial of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA)-enriched elemental diet (ED-H) for hepatic encephalopathy
    • 2672583
    • Hayashi S, Aoyagi Y, Fujiwara K, Oka H, Oda T. A randomized controlled trial of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA)-enriched elemental diet (ED-H) for hepatic encephalopathy. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 1991;6:191. 2672583
    • (1991) Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , vol.6 , pp. 191
    • Hayashi, S.1    Aoyagi, Y.2    Fujiwara, K.3    Oka, H.4    Oda, T.5
  • 19
    • 85019626990 scopus 로고
    • A double-blind randomized comparison of dietary protein and an oral branched chain amino acid (BCAA) solution in cirrhotic patients with chronic portal-systemic encephalopathy (PSE) [IASL abstract]
    • 2672585
    • Horst D, Grace N, Conn HO, Schiff E, Schenker S, Viteri A, et al. A double-blind randomized comparison of dietary protein and an oral branched chain amino acid (BCAA) solution in cirrhotic patients with chronic portal-systemic encephalopathy (PSE) [IASL abstract]. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 1982;2:184. 2672585
    • (1982) Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) , vol.2 , pp. 184
    • Horst, D.1    Grace, N.2    Conn, H.O.3    Schiff, E.4    Schenker, S.5    Viteri, A.6
  • 20
    • 0021258341 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of dietary protein with an oral, branched chain-enriched amino acid supplement in chronic portal-systemic encephalopathy: a randomized controlled trial
    • 2672586
    • Horst D, Grace ND, Conn HO, Schiff E, Schenker S, Viteri A, et al. Comparison of dietary protein with an oral, branched chain-enriched amino acid supplement in chronic portal-systemic encephalopathy: a randomized controlled trial. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 1984;4:279-87. 2672586
    • (1984) Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) , vol.4 , pp. 279-287
    • Horst, D.1    Grace, N.D.2    Conn, H.O.3    Schiff, E.4    Schenker, S.5    Viteri, A.6
  • 21
    • 5544295230 scopus 로고
    • A randomized controlled trial for the evaluation of the efficacy of branched chain amino acid-enriched amino acid solution in the treatment of patients with hepatic encephalopathy
    • 2672588
    • Hwang SJ, Chan CY, Wu JC, Lee SD, Huan YS, Tsai YT, et al. A randomized controlled trial for the evaluation of the efficacy of branched chain amino acid-enriched amino acid solution in the treatment of patients with hepatic encephalopathy. Chinese Journal of Gastroenterology 1988;5:185-92. 2672588
    • (1988) Chinese Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.5 , pp. 185-192
    • Hwang, S.J.1    Chan, C.Y.2    Wu, J.C.3    Lee, S.D.4    Huan, Y.S.5    Tsai, Y.T.6
  • 22
    • 79958002114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of branched-chain amino acids supplementation in patients with cirrhosis and a previous episode of hepatic encephalopathy: a randomized study
    • 2672590
    • Les I, Doval E, Garcia-Martinez R, Planas M, Cardenas G, Gomez P, et al. Effects of branched-chain amino acids supplementation in patients with cirrhosis and a previous episode of hepatic encephalopathy: a randomized study. American Journal of Gastroenterology 2011;106:1081-8. 2672590
    • (2011) American Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.106 , pp. 1081-1088
    • Les, I.1    Doval, E.2    Garcia-Martinez, R.3    Planas, M.4    Cardenas, G.5    Gomez, P.6
  • 23
    • 0026475131 scopus 로고
    • Oral BCAA supplementation in cirrhosis with chronic encephalopathy: effects on prolactin and estradiol levels
    • 2672592
    • Bianchi GP, Marchesini G, Zoli M, Abbiati R, Ferrario E, Fabbri A, et al. Oral BCAA supplementation in cirrhosis with chronic encephalopathy: effects on prolactin and estradiol levels. Hepato-gastroenterology 1992;39:443-6. 2672592
    • (1992) Hepato-gastroenterology , vol.39 , pp. 443-446
    • Bianchi, G.P.1    Marchesini, G.2    Zoli, M.3    Abbiati, R.4    Ferrario, E.5    Fabbri, A.6
  • 24
    • 0038047688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional supplementation with branched-chain amino acids in advanced cirrhosis: a double-blind, randomized trial
    • 2672593
    • Marchesini G, Bianchi G, Merli M, Amodio P, Panella C, Loguercio C, et al. Nutritional supplementation with branched-chain amino acids in advanced cirrhosis: a double-blind, randomized trial. Gastroenterology 2003;124:1792-801. 2672593
    • (2003) Gastroenterology , vol.124 , pp. 1792-1801
    • Marchesini, G.1    Bianchi, G.2    Merli, M.3    Amodio, P.4    Panella, C.5    Loguercio, C.6
  • 25
    • 0025150823 scopus 로고
    • Long-term oral branched-chain amino acid treatment in chronic hepatic encephalopathy. A randomized double-blind casein controlled trial. The Italian Multicenter Study Group
    • 2672594
    • Marchesini G, Dioguardi FS, Bianchi GP, Zoli M, Bellati G, Roffi L, et al. Long-term oral branched-chain amino acid treatment in chronic hepatic encephalopathy. A randomized double-blind casein controlled trial. The Italian Multicenter Study Group. Journal of Hepatology 1990;11:92-101. 2672594
    • (1990) Journal of Hepatology , vol.11 , pp. 92-101
    • Marchesini, G.1    Dioguardi, F.S.2    Bianchi, G.P.3    Zoli, M.4    Bellati, G.5    Roffi, L.6
  • 26
    • 0038047688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional supplementation with branched-chain amino acids in advanced cirrhosis: a double-blind, randomized trial
    • 2672596
    • Marchesini G, Bianchi G, Merli M, Amodio P, Panella C, Loguercio C, et al. Nutritional supplementation with branched-chain amino acids in advanced cirrhosis: a double-blind, randomized trial. Gastroenterology 2003;124:1980-2. 2672596
    • (2003) Gastroenterology , vol.124 , pp. 1980-1982
    • Marchesini, G.1    Bianchi, G.2    Merli, M.3    Amodio, P.4    Panella, C.5    Loguercio, C.6
  • 27
    • 0022370573 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of acute hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotics with a branched-chain amino acids enriched versus a conventional amino acids mixture. A controlled study of 70 patients
    • 2672598
    • Michel H, Bories P, Aubin JP, Pomier-Layrargues G, Bauret P, Bellet-Herman H. Treatment of acute hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotics with a branched-chain amino acids enriched versus a conventional amino acids mixture. A controlled study of 70 patients. Liver 1985;5:282-9. 2672598
    • (1985) Liver , vol.5 , pp. 282-289
    • Michel, H.1    Bories, P.2    Aubin, J.P.3    Pomier-Layrargues, G.4    Bauret, P.5    Bellet-Herman, H.6
  • 28
    • 0345093257 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of hepatic encephalopathy by infusion of a modified amino acid solution: results of a controlled study in 47 cirrhotic patients
    • In: Capocaccia L, Fischer JE, Rossi-Fanelli F editor(s). New York: Plenum Press, 2672599
    • Michel H, Pomier-Layrargues G, Aubin JP, Bories P, Mirouze D, Bellet-Herman H. Treatment of hepatic encephalopathy by infusion of a modified amino acid solution: results of a controlled study in 47 cirrhotic patients. In: Capocaccia L, Fischer JE, Rossi-Fanelli F editor(s). Hepatic Encephalopathy in Chronic Liver Failure. New York: Plenum Press, 1984:301-10. 2672599
    • (1984) Hepatic Encephalopathy in Chronic Liver Failure , pp. 301-310
    • Michel, H.1    Pomier-Layrargues, G.2    Aubin, J.P.3    Bories, P.4    Mirouze, D.5    Bellet-Herman, H.6
  • 29
    • 84910476752 scopus 로고
    • Intravenous infusion of ordinary and modified amino-acid solutions in the management of hepatic encephalopathy (controlled study, 30 patients)
    • 2672600
    • Michel H, Pomier-Layrargues G, Duhamel O, Lacombe B, Cuilleret G, Bellet-Hermann H. Intravenous infusion of ordinary and modified amino-acid solutions in the management of hepatic encephalopathy (controlled study, 30 patients). Gastroenterology 1980;79:1038. 2672600
    • (1980) Gastroenterology , vol.79 , pp. 1038
    • Michel, H.1    Pomier-Layrargues, G.2    Duhamel, O.3    Lacombe, B.4    Cuilleret, G.5    Bellet-Hermann, H.6
  • 30
    • 85019601907 scopus 로고
    • Intravenous infusion of ordinary and modified amino-acid solutions in the management of hepatic encephalopathy
    • 2672601
    • Pomier-Layrargues G, Duhamel O, Lacombe B, Cuilleret G, Bellet H, Michel H. Intravenous infusion of ordinary and modified amino-acid solutions in the management of hepatic encephalopathy. Liver 1981;1:140. 2672601
    • (1981) Liver , vol.1 , pp. 140
    • Pomier-Layrargues, G.1    Duhamel, O.2    Lacombe, B.3    Cuilleret, G.4    Bellet, H.5    Michel, H.6
  • 31
    • 22144472524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of oral branched-chain amino acid granules on event-free survival in patients with liver cirrhosis
    • 2672603(additional information and data received November 2011)
    • Horie-Takashi I. Effects of oral branched-chain amino acid granules on event-free survival in patients with liver cirrhosis. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2005; Vol. 3:705-13 (additional information and data received November 2011). 2672603
    • (2005) Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology , vol.3 , pp. 705-813
    • Horie-Takashi, I.1
  • 32
    • 22144472524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of oral branched-chain amino acid granules on event-free survival in patients with liver cirrhosis
    • 2672604
    • Muto Y, Sato S, Watanabe A, Moriwaki H, Suzuki K, Kato A, et al. Effects of oral branched-chain amino acid granules on event-free survival in patients with liver cirrhosis. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2005;3:705-13. 2672604
    • (2005) Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology , vol.3 , pp. 705-713
    • Muto, Y.1    Sato, S.2    Watanabe, A.3    Moriwaki, H.4    Suzuki, K.5    Kato, A.6
  • 33
    • 21144433923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical comparison of branched-chain amino acid (l-Leucine, l-Isoleucine, l-Valine) granules and oral nutrition for hepatic insufficiency in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis (LIV-EN study)
    • 2672605
    • Sato S, Watanabe A, Muto Y, Suzuki K, Kato A, Moriwaki H, et al. Clinical comparison of branched-chain amino acid (l-Leucine, l-Isoleucine, l-Valine) granules and oral nutrition for hepatic insufficiency in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis (LIV-EN study). Hepatology Research 2005;31:232-40. 2672605
    • (2005) Hepatology Research , vol.31 , pp. 232-240
    • Sato, S.1    Watanabe, A.2    Muto, Y.3    Suzuki, K.4    Kato, A.5    Moriwaki, H.6
  • 34
    • 85019545423 scopus 로고
    • Long-term treatment with branched-chain amino acids (BCA) improves the portosystemic encephalopathy (PSE) in ambulant patients. Results of a double blind, placebo controlled crossover study
    • 2672607
    • Plauth M, Egberts E-H, Hamster W, Török M, Müller P, Brand O, et al. Long-term treatment with branched-chain amino acids (BCA) improves the portosystemic encephalopathy (PSE) in ambulant patients. Results of a double blind, placebo controlled crossover study. Klinische Wochenschrift 1992;69:126. 2672607
    • (1992) Klinische Wochenschrift , vol.69 , pp. 126
    • Plauth, M.1    Egberts, E.-H.2    Hamster, W.3    Török, M.4    Müller, P.5    Brand, O.6
  • 35
    • 0027312242 scopus 로고
    • Long-term treatment of latent portosystemic encephalopathy with branched-chain amino acids. A double-blind placebo-crossover study
    • 2672608
    • Plauth M, Egberts EH, Hamster W, Török M, Müller PH, Brand O, et al. Long-term treatment of latent portosystemic encephalopathy with branched-chain amino acids. A double-blind placebo-crossover study. Journal of Hepatology 1993;17:308-14. 2672608
    • (1993) Journal of Hepatology , vol.17 , pp. 308-314
    • Plauth, M.1    Egberts, E.H.2    Hamster, W.3    Török, M.4    Müller, P.H.5    Brand, O.6
  • 36
    • 0343087404 scopus 로고
    • Long term dietary supplement with branched chain amino acids: a new approach in the prevention of hepatic encephalopathy: results of a controlled study in cirrhotics with porto-caval anastomosis
    • In: Associazione Italiana per Lo Studio del Fegato. Congress, editor(s). New York: Plenum Press, 2672610
    • Riggio O, Cangiano C, Cascino A, Merli M, Stortoni M, Rossi-Fanelli F, et al. Long term dietary supplement with branched chain amino acids: a new approach in the prevention of hepatic encephalopathy: results of a controlled study in cirrhotics with porto-caval anastomosis. In: Associazione Italiana per Lo Studio del Fegato. Congress, editor(s). Hepatic Encephalopathy in Chronic Liver Failure. New York: Plenum Press, 1984:183-92. 2672610
    • (1984) Hepatic Encephalopathy in Chronic Liver Failure , pp. 183-192
    • Riggio, O.1    Cangiano, C.2    Cascino, A.3    Merli, M.4    Stortoni, M.5    Rossi-Fanelli, F.6
  • 37
    • 0023001678 scopus 로고
    • Use of branched chain amino acids for treating hepatic encephalopathy: clinical experiences
    • 2672611
    • Rossi-Fanelli F, Cangiano C, Capocaccia L, Cascino A, Ceci F, Muscaritoli M, et al. Use of branched chain amino acids for treating hepatic encephalopathy: clinical experiences. Gut 1986;27:111-5. 2672611
    • (1986) Gut , vol.27 , pp. 111-115
    • Rossi-Fanelli, F.1    Cangiano, C.2    Capocaccia, L.3    Cascino, A.4    Ceci, F.5    Muscaritoli, M.6
  • 38
    • 4244165936 scopus 로고
    • Branched-chain amino acids in the treatment of severe hepatic encephalopathy
    • In: Capocaccia L, Fischer JE, Rossi-Fanelli F editor(s). New York: Plenum Press, 2672612
    • Rossi-Fanelli F, Cangiano C, Cascino A, Merli M, Riggio O, Stortoni M, et al. Branched-chain amino acids in the treatment of severe hepatic encephalopathy. In: Capocaccia L, Fischer JE, Rossi-Fanelli F editor(s). Hepatic Encephalopathy in Chronic Liver Failure. New York: Plenum Press, 1984:335-44. 2672612
    • (1984) Hepatic Encephalopathy in Chronic Liver Failure , pp. 335-344
    • Rossi-Fanelli, F.1    Cangiano, C.2    Cascino, A.3    Merli, M.4    Riggio, O.5    Stortoni, M.6
  • 40
    • 0003204133 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of hepatic encephalopathy: a randomized clinical trial comparing a branched chain enriched amino acid solution to oral neomycin
    • 2672615
    • Strauss E, Cartapatti Da Silva E, Lacet CM, Capacci MLL, Bernardini AP. Treatment of hepatic encephalopathy: a randomized clinical trial comparing a branched chain enriched amino acid solution to oral neomycin. Nutritional Support Services 1986;6:18-21. 2672615
    • (1986) Nutritional Support Services , vol.6 , pp. 18-21
    • Strauss, E.1    Cartapatti Da Silva, E.2    Lacet, C.M.3    Capacci, M.L.L.4    Bernardini, A.P.5
  • 41
    • 0345524725 scopus 로고
    • A randomized controlled clinical trial for the evaluation of the efficacy of an enriched branched-chain amino-acid solution compared to neomycin in hepatic encephalopathy
    • 2672616
    • Strauss E, Santos WR, Da Silva EC, Lacet CM, Capacci LL, Bernardini AP. A randomized controlled clinical trial for the evaluation of the efficacy of an enriched branched-chain amino-acid solution compared to neomycin in hepatic encephalopathy. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 1983;3:862. 2672616
    • (1983) Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) , vol.3 , pp. 862
    • Strauss, E.1    Santos, W.R.2    Da Silva, E.C.3    Lacet, C.M.4    Capacci, L.L.5    Bernardini, A.P.6
  • 43
    • 0025194871 scopus 로고
    • Branched chain enriched amino acid versus glucose treatment of hepatic encephalopathy. A double-blind study of 65 patients with cirrhosis
    • 2672619
    • Vilstrup H, Gluud C, Hardt F, Kristensen M, Køhler O, Melgaard B, et al. Branched chain enriched amino acid versus glucose treatment of hepatic encephalopathy. A double-blind study of 65 patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 1990;10:291-6. 2672619
    • (1990) Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) , vol.10 , pp. 291-296
    • Vilstrup, H.1    Gluud, C.2    Hardt, F.3    Kristensen, M.4    Køhler, O.5    Melgaard, B.6
  • 44
    • 0345093252 scopus 로고
    • Branched chain enriched amino acid nutrition does not change the outcome of hepatic coma in patients with cirrhosis of the liver
    • 2672620
    • Vilstrup H, Gluud C, Hardt F, Kristensen M, Melgaard B, Køhler O, et al. Branched chain enriched amino acid nutrition does not change the outcome of hepatic coma in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Journal of Hepatology 1985;1:S347. 2672620
    • (1985) Journal of Hepatology , vol.1 , pp. S347
    • Vilstrup, H.1    Gluud, C.2    Hardt, F.3    Kristensen, M.4    Melgaard, B.5    Køhler, O.6
  • 45
    • 0019988832 scopus 로고
    • Branched-chain amino acids in the treatment of chronic hepatic encephalopathy
    • 2672622
    • Eriksson LS, Persson A, Wahren J. Branched-chain amino acids in the treatment of chronic hepatic encephalopathy. Gut 1982;23:801-6. 2672622
    • (1982) Gut , vol.23 , pp. 801-806
    • Eriksson, L.S.1    Persson, A.2    Wahren, J.3
  • 46
    • 34347347125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the effects of combination therapy with branched-chain amino acid and zinc supplements on nitrogen metabolism in liver cirrhosis
    • 2672624
    • Hayashi M, Ikezawa K, Ono A, Okabayashi S, Hayashi Y, Shimizu S, et al. Evaluation of the effects of combination therapy with branched-chain amino acid and zinc supplements on nitrogen metabolism in liver cirrhosis. Hepatology Research 2007;37:615-19. 2672624
    • (2007) Hepatology Research , vol.37 , pp. 615-619
    • Hayashi, M.1    Ikezawa, K.2    Ono, A.3    Okabayashi, S.4    Hayashi, Y.5    Shimizu, S.6
  • 47
    • 67651053228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Branched chain amino acids supplemented with L-acetylcarnitine versus BCAA treatment in hepatic coma: a randomized and controlled double blind study
    • 2672626
    • Malaguarnera M, Risino C, Cammalleri L, Malaguarnera L, Astuto M, Vecchio I, et al. Branched chain amino acids supplemented with L-acetylcarnitine versus BCAA treatment in hepatic coma: a randomized and controlled double blind study. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2009;21:762-70. 2672626
    • (2009) European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology , vol.21 , pp. 762-770
    • Malaguarnera, M.1    Risino, C.2    Cammalleri, L.3    Malaguarnera, L.4    Astuto, M.5    Vecchio, I.6
  • 48
    • 0023550671 scopus 로고
    • Enteral and parenteral branched chain amino acid-supplemented nutritional support in patients with encephalopathy due to alcoholic liver disease
    • 2672628
    • O'Keefe SJ, Ogden J, Dicker J. Enteral and parenteral branched chain amino acid-supplemented nutritional support in patients with encephalopathy due to alcoholic liver disease. JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 1987;11:447-53. 2672628
    • (1987) JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition , vol.11 , pp. 447-453
    • O'Keefe, S.J.1    Ogden, J.2    Dicker, J.3
  • 49
    • 0020579920 scopus 로고
    • Is intravenous administration of branched chain amino acids effective in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy? A multicenter study
    • 2672630
    • Wahren J, Denis J, Desurmont P, Eriksson LS, Escoffier JM, Gauthier AP, et al. Is intravenous administration of branched chain amino acids effective in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy? A multicenter study. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 1983;3:475-80. 2672630
    • (1983) Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) , vol.3 , pp. 475-480
    • Wahren, J.1    Denis, J.2    Desurmont, P.3    Eriksson, L.S.4    Escoffier, J.M.5    Gauthier, A.P.6
  • 50
    • 0019996873 scopus 로고
    • Oral keto analogs of branched-chain amino acids in hyperammonemia in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. A double-blind crossover study
    • 2672632
    • Walker S, Gotz R, Czygan P, Stiehl A, Lanzinger G, Sieg A, et al. Oral keto analogs of branched-chain amino acids in hyperammonemia in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. A double-blind crossover study. Digestion 1982;24:105-11. 2672632
    • (1982) Digestion , vol.24 , pp. 105-111
    • Walker, S.1    Gotz, R.2    Czygan, P.3    Stiehl, A.4    Lanzinger, G.5    Sieg, A.6
  • 51
    • 85019572423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of supplementation with synbiotics, branched chain amino acids on levels of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis
    • (accessed 10 May 2017). 2672634
    • The effects of supplementation with synbiotics, branched chain amino acids on levels of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis. www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=12610001021066 (accessed 10 May 2017). 2672634
  • 52
    • 84904749223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatic encephalopathy in chronic liver disease: 2014 Practice Guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the European Association for the Study of the Liver
    • Vilstrup H, Amodio P, Bajaj J, Cordoba J, Ferenci P, Mullen KD, et al. Hepatic encephalopathy in chronic liver disease: 2014 Practice Guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the European Association for the Study of the Liver. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 2014;60:715-35.
    • (2014) Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) , vol.60 , pp. 715-735
    • Vilstrup, H.1    Amodio, P.2    Bajaj, J.3    Cordoba, J.4    Ferenci, P.5    Mullen, K.D.6
  • 53
    • 84906314102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatic encephalopathy in chronic liver disease: 2014 practice guideline by the European Association for the Study of the Liver and the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
    • American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, European Association for the Study of the Liver. Hepatic encephalopathy in chronic liver disease: 2014 practice guideline by the European Association for the Study of the Liver and the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Journal of Hepatology 2014;61:642-59.
    • (2014) Journal of Hepatology , vol.61 , pp. 642-659
  • 54
    • 48449094761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of minimal hepatic encephalopathy: normalization and optimization of the Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Score. A neuropsychological and quantified EEG study
    • PUBMED: 18602716]
    • Amodio P, Campagna F, Olianas S, Iannizzi P, Mapelli D, Penzo M, et al. Detection of minimal hepatic encephalopathy: normalization and optimization of the Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Score. A neuropsychological and quantified EEG study. Journal of Hepatology 2008;49(3):346-53. [PUBMED: 18602716]
    • (2008) Journal of Hepatology , vol.49 , Issue.3 , pp. 346-353
    • Amodio, P.1    Campagna, F.2    Olianas, S.3    Iannizzi, P.4    Mapelli, D.5    Penzo, M.6
  • 56
    • 54349097527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minimal encephalopathy matters in daily life
    • Bajaj JS. Minimal encephalopathy matters in daily life. World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008;14(23):3609-15.
    • (2008) World Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.14 , Issue.23 , pp. 3609-3615
    • Bajaj, J.S.1
  • 57
    • 75749105423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review article: the modern management of hepatic encephalopathy
    • [PUBMED: 20002027]
    • Bajaj JS. Review article: the modern management of hepatic encephalopathy. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 2010;31(5):537-47. [PUBMED: 20002027]
    • (2010) Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics , vol.31 , Issue.5 , pp. 537-547
    • Bajaj, J.S.1
  • 58
    • 79952255608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review article: the design of clinical trials in hepatic encephalopathy - an International Society for Hepatic Encephalopathy and Nitrogen Metabolism (ISHEN) consensus statement
    • PUBMED: 21306407]
    • Bajaj JS, Cordoba J, Mullen KD, Amodio P, Shawcross DL, Butterworth RF, et al. Review article: the design of clinical trials in hepatic encephalopathy - an International Society for Hepatic Encephalopathy and Nitrogen Metabolism (ISHEN) consensus statement. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 2011;33(7):739-47. [PUBMED: 21306407]
    • (2011) Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics , vol.33 , Issue.7 , pp. 739-747
    • Bajaj, J.S.1    Cordoba, J.2    Mullen, K.D.3    Amodio, P.4    Shawcross, D.L.5    Butterworth, R.F.6
  • 59
    • 33745893228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle: aspects of transport, neurotransmitter homeostasis and ammonia transfer
    • Bak LK, Schousboe A, Waagepetersen HS. The glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle: aspects of transport, neurotransmitter homeostasis and ammonia transfer. Journal of Neurochemistry 2006;98:641-53.
    • (2006) Journal of Neurochemistry , vol.98 , pp. 641-653
    • Bak, L.K.1    Schousboe, A.2    Waagepetersen, H.S.3
  • 60
    • 0034944406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatic encephalopathy
    • Blei AT, Córdoba J, Practice Parameters Committee of the American College of Gastroenterology. Hepatic encephalopathy. American Journal of Gastroenterology 2001;96:1986-76.
    • (2001) American Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.96 , pp. 1986-2076
    • Blei, A.T.1    Córdoba, J.2
  • 62
    • 79961017249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Branched-chain amino acids increase arterial blood ammonia in spite of enhanced intrinsic muscle ammonia metabolism in patients with cirrhosis and healthy subjects
    • PUBMED: 21636533]
    • Dam G, Keiding S, Munk OL, Ott P, Buhl M, Vilstrup H, et al. Branched-chain amino acids increase arterial blood ammonia in spite of enhanced intrinsic muscle ammonia metabolism in patients with cirrhosis and healthy subjects. American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 2011;301(2):G269-77. [PUBMED: 21636533]
    • (2011) American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology , vol.301 , Issue.2 , pp. G269-G277
    • Dam, G.1    Keiding, S.2    Munk, O.L.3    Ott, P.4    Buhl, M.5    Vilstrup, H.6
  • 63
    • 0030922816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test
    • PUBMED: 9310563]
    • Egger M, Davey Smith G, Schneider M, Minder C. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) 1997;315(7109):629-34. [PUBMED: 9310563]
    • (1997) BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) , vol.315 , Issue.7109 , pp. 629-634
    • Egger, M.1    Davey Smith, G.2    Schneider, M.3    Minder, C.4
  • 64
    • 0036191173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatic encephalopathy - definition, nomenclature, diagnosis, and quantification: final report of the working party at the 11th World Congresses of Gastroenterology, Vienna, 1998
    • PUBMED: 11870389]
    • Ferenci P, Lockwood A, Mullen K, Tarter R, Weissenborn K, Blei AT. Hepatic encephalopathy - definition, nomenclature, diagnosis, and quantification: final report of the working party at the 11th World Congresses of Gastroenterology, Vienna, 1998. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 2002;35(3):716-21. [PUBMED: 11870389]
    • (2002) Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) , vol.35 , Issue.3 , pp. 716-721
    • Ferenci, P.1    Lockwood, A.2    Mullen, K.3    Tarter, R.4    Weissenborn, K.5    Blei, A.T.6
  • 65
    • 67949085071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognosis and 1-year mortality of intensive care unit patients with severe hepatic encephalopathy
    • Fichet J, Mercier E, Genée O, Garot D, Legras A, Dequin PF, et al. Prognosis and 1-year mortality of intensive care unit patients with severe hepatic encephalopathy. Journal of Critical Care 2009;24:364-70.
    • (2009) Journal of Critical Care , vol.24 , pp. 364-370
    • Fichet, J.1    Mercier, E.2    Genée, O.3    Garot, D.4    Legras, A.5    Dequin, P.F.6
  • 67
    • 0025731139 scopus 로고
    • Branched-chain amino acids for hepatic encephalopathy?
    • Gluud C. Branched-chain amino acids for hepatic encephalopathy?. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 1991;13(4):812-3.
    • (1991) Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 812-813
    • Gluud, C.1
  • 68
    • 77956407181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis: isosorbide-mononitrate alone or with either beta-blockers or endoscopic therapy for the management of oesophageal varices
    • PUBMED: 20839387]
    • Gluud LL, Langholz E, Krag A. Meta-analysis: isosorbide-mononitrate alone or with either beta-blockers or endoscopic therapy for the management of oesophageal varices. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 2010;32(7):859-71. [PUBMED: 20839387]
    • (2010) Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics , vol.32 , Issue.7 , pp. 859-871
    • Gluud, L.L.1    Langholz, E.2    Krag, A.3
  • 69
    • 84881361645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral branched-chain amino acids have a beneficial effect on manifestations of hepatic encephalopathy in a systematic review with meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials
    • PUBMED: 23739310]
    • Gluud LL, Dam G, Borre M, Les I, Cordoba J, Marchesini G, et al. Oral branched-chain amino acids have a beneficial effect on manifestations of hepatic encephalopathy in a systematic review with meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Nutrition 2013;143:1263-8. [PUBMED: 23739310]
    • (2013) Journal of Nutrition , vol.143 , pp. 1263-1268
    • Gluud, L.L.1    Dam, G.2    Borre, M.3    Les, I.4    Cordoba, J.5    Marchesini, G.6
  • 70
    • 84878018203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lactulose, rifaximin or branched chain amino acids for hepatic encephalopathy: what is the evidence?
    • PUBMED: 23275147]
    • Gluud LL, Dam G, Borre M, Les I, Cordoba J, Marchesini G, et al. Lactulose, rifaximin or branched chain amino acids for hepatic encephalopathy: what is the evidence?. Metabolic Brain Disease 2013;28(2):221-5. [PUBMED: 23275147]
    • (2013) Metabolic Brain Disease , vol.28 , Issue.2 , pp. 221-225
    • Gluud, L.L.1    Dam, G.2    Borre, M.3    Les, I.4    Cordoba, J.5    Marchesini, G.6
  • 71
    • 85018523599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group. About The Cochrane Collaboration (Cochrane Review Groups (CRGs))
    • Art. No.: LIVER
    • Gluud C, Nikolova D, Klingenberg SL, Alexakis N, Als-Nielsen B, Colli A, et al. Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group. About The Cochrane Collaboration (Cochrane Review Groups (CRGs)). 2017, Issue 4. Art. No.: LIVER.
    • (2017) , Issue.4
    • Gluud, C.1    Nikolova, D.2    Klingenberg, S.L.3    Alexakis, N.4    Als-Nielsen, B.5    Colli, A.6
  • 72
    • 84856545931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GRADEpro
    • Version 3.2 for Windows. Grade Working Group 2004-2007,
    • Brozek J, Oxman A, Schünemann H. GRADEpro. Version 3.2 for Windows. Grade Working Group 2004-2007, 2008.
    • (2008)
    • Brozek, J.1    Oxman, A.2    Schünemann, H.3
  • 73
    • 65949091074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurophysiological investigations of hepatic encephalopathy: ISHEN practice guidelines
    • PUBMED: 19638107]
    • Guerit JM, Amantini A, Fischer C, Kaplan PW, Mecarelli O, Schnitzler A, et al. Neurophysiological investigations of hepatic encephalopathy: ISHEN practice guidelines. Liver International 2009;29(6):789-96. [PUBMED: 19638107]
    • (2009) Liver International , vol.29 , Issue.6 , pp. 789-796
    • Guerit, J.M.1    Amantini, A.2    Fischer, C.3    Kaplan, P.W.4    Mecarelli, O.5    Schnitzler, A.6
  • 74
    • 43049113533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations
    • PUBMED: 18436948]
    • Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, Kunz R, Falck-Ytter Y, Alonso-Coello P, et al. GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) 2008;336(7650):924-6. [PUBMED: 18436948]
    • (2008) BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) , vol.336 , Issue.7650 , pp. 924-926
    • Guyatt, G.H.1    Oxman, A.D.2    Vist, G.E.3    Kunz, R.4    Falck-Ytter, Y.5    Alonso-Coello, P.6
  • 75
    • 33748090675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A modified test for small-study effects in meta-analyses of controlled trials with binary endpoints
    • PUBMED: 16345038]
    • Harbord RM, Egger M, Sterne JA. A modified test for small-study effects in meta-analyses of controlled trials with binary endpoints. Statistics in Medicine 2006;25(20):3443-57. [PUBMED: 16345038]
    • (2006) Statistics in Medicine , vol.25 , Issue.20 , pp. 3443-3457
    • Harbord, R.M.1    Egger, M.2    Sterne, J.A.3
  • 76
    • 54549102237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imputation methods for missing outcome data in meta-analysis of clinical trials
    • Higgins JP, White IR, Wood AM. Imputation methods for missing outcome data in meta-analysis of clinical trials. Clinical Trials 2008;5:225-39.
    • (2008) Clinical Trials , vol.5 , pp. 225-239
    • Higgins, J.P.1    White, I.R.2    Wood, A.M.3
  • 77
    • 63849105841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 [updated March 2011]. The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011
    • Higgins JPT, Green S (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 [updated March 2011]. The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from www.cochrane-handbook.org.
    • Higgins, J.P.T.1    Green, S.2
  • 78
    • 79953740257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequential methods for random-effects meta-analysis
    • PUBMED: 21472757]
    • Higgins JP, Whitehead A, Simmonds M. Sequential methods for random-effects meta-analysis. Statistics in Medicine 2011;30(9):903-21. [PUBMED: 21472757]
    • (2011) Statistics in Medicine , vol.30 , Issue.9 , pp. 903-921
    • Higgins, J.P.1    Whitehead, A.2    Simmonds, M.3
  • 79
    • 77951209222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three targets of branched-chain amino acid supplementation in the treatment of liver disease
    • [PUBMED: 20071143]
    • Holecek M. Three targets of branched-chain amino acid supplementation in the treatment of liver disease. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) 2010;26(5):482-90. [PUBMED: 20071143]
    • (2010) Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) , vol.26 , Issue.5 , pp. 482-490
    • Holecek, M.1
  • 80
    • 78751575673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute hyperammonemia activates branched-chain amino acid catabolism and decreases their extracellular concentrations: different sensitivity of red and white muscle
    • PUBMED: 20614225]
    • Holecek M, Kandar R, Sispera L, Kovarik M. Acute hyperammonemia activates branched-chain amino acid catabolism and decreases their extracellular concentrations: different sensitivity of red and white muscle. Amino Acids 2011;40(2):575-84. [PUBMED: 20614225]
    • (2011) Amino Acids , vol.40 , Issue.2 , pp. 575-584
    • Holecek, M.1    Kandar, R.2    Sispera, L.3    Kovarik, M.4
  • 81
    • 84884203912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Branched-chain amino acids and ammonia metabolism in liver disease: therapeutic implications
    • [PUBMED: 23756281]
    • Holecek M. Branched-chain amino acids and ammonia metabolism in liver disease: therapeutic implications. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) 2013;29(10):1186-91. [PUBMED: 23756281]
    • (2013) Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) , vol.29 , Issue.10 , pp. 1186-1191
    • Holecek, M.1
  • 82
    • 84895891412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of a vicious cycle in glutamine synthesis and breakdown in pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy-therapeutic perspectives
    • [PUBMED: 23996300]
    • Holecek M. Evidence of a vicious cycle in glutamine synthesis and breakdown in pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy-therapeutic perspectives. Metabolic Brain Disease 2014;29(1):9-17. [PUBMED: 23996300]
    • (2014) Metabolic Brain Disease , vol.29 , Issue.1 , pp. 9-17
    • Holecek, M.1
  • 85
    • 84884300560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of oral branched-chain amino acids on hepatic encephalopathy and outcome in patients with liver cirrhosis
    • PUBMED: 23945292]
    • Kawaguchi T, Taniguchi E, Sata M. Effects of oral branched-chain amino acids on hepatic encephalopathy and outcome in patients with liver cirrhosis. Nutrition in Clinical Practice 2013;28(5):580-8. [PUBMED: 23945292]
    • (2013) Nutrition in Clinical Practice , vol.28 , Issue.5 , pp. 580-588
    • Kawaguchi, T.1    Taniguchi, E.2    Sata, M.3
  • 86
    • 34848880485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of low-grade hepatic encephalopathy: a critical analysis
    • PUBMED: 17869373]
    • Kircheis G, Fleig WE, Gortelmeyer R, Grafe S, Haussinger D. Assessment of low-grade hepatic encephalopathy: a critical analysis. Journal of Hepatology 2007;47(5):642-50. [PUBMED: 17869373]
    • (2007) Journal of Hepatology , vol.47 , Issue.5 , pp. 642-650
    • Kircheis, G.1    Fleig, W.E.2    Gortelmeyer, R.3    Grafe, S.4    Haussinger, D.5
  • 88
    • 34447311367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence from crossover trials: empirical evaluation and comparison against parallel arm trials
    • PUBMED: 17301102]
    • Lathyris DN, Trikalinos TA, Ioannidis JP. Evidence from crossover trials: empirical evaluation and comparison against parallel arm trials. International Journal of Epidemiology 2007;36(2):422-30. [PUBMED: 17301102]
    • (2007) International Journal of Epidemiology , vol.36 , Issue.2 , pp. 422-430
    • Lathyris, D.N.1    Trikalinos, T.A.2    Ioannidis, J.P.3
  • 89
    • 84891727471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methodological Expectations of Cochrane Intervention Reviews (MECIR)
    • (accessed 25 August 2015)
    • Methodological Expectations of Cochrane Intervention Reviews (MECIR). www.editorial-unit.cochrane.org/mecir (accessed 25 August 2015).
  • 90
    • 84920136529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Branched-chain amino acid supplementation in adults with cirrhosis and porto-systemic encephalopathy: systematic review
    • PUBMED: 24656171]
    • Metcalfe EL, Avenell A, Fraser A. Branched-chain amino acid supplementation in adults with cirrhosis and porto-systemic encephalopathy: systematic review. Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) 2014;33(6):958-65. [PUBMED: 24656171]
    • (2014) Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) , vol.33 , Issue.6 , pp. 958-965
    • Metcalfe, E.L.1    Avenell, A.2    Fraser, A.3
  • 91
    • 33846409008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of the final report of the 1998 Working Party on definition, nomenclature and diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy
    • [PUBMED: 17295847]
    • Mullen KD. Review of the final report of the 1998 Working Party on definition, nomenclature and diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 2007;25(Suppl 1):11-6. [PUBMED: 17295847]
    • (2007) Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics , vol.25 , pp. 11-16
    • Mullen, K.D.1
  • 92
    • 0024466082 scopus 로고
    • Parenteral nutrition with branched-amino acids in hepatic encephalopathy. A meta-analysis
    • Naylor CD, O'Rourke D, Detsky AS, Baker JP. Parenteral nutrition with branched-amino acids in hepatic encephalopathy. A meta-analysis. Gastroenterology 1989;97:1033-42.
    • (1989) Gastroenterology , vol.97 , pp. 1033-1042
    • Naylor, C.D.1    O'Rourke, D.2    Detsky, A.S.3    Baker, J.P.4
  • 93
    • 0036829480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interorgan ammonia and amino acid metabolism in metabolically stable patients with cirrhosis and a TIPSS
    • PUBMED: 12395326]
    • Olde Damink SW, Jalan R, Redhead DN, Hayes PC, Deutz NE, Soeters PB. Interorgan ammonia and amino acid metabolism in metabolically stable patients with cirrhosis and a TIPSS. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 2002;36(5):1163-71. [PUBMED: 12395326]
    • (2002) Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) , vol.36 , Issue.5 , pp. 1163-1171
    • Olde Damink, S.W.1    Jalan, R.2    Redhead, D.N.3    Hayes, P.C.4    Deutz, N.E.5    Soeters, P.B.6
  • 94
    • 84155192679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burden of cirrhosis on older Americans and their families: analysis of the health and retirement study
    • PUBMED: 21858847]
    • Rakoski MO, McCammon RJ, Piette JD, Iwashyna TJ, Marrero JA, Lok AS, et al. Burden of cirrhosis on older Americans and their families: analysis of the health and retirement study. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 2012;55(1):184-91. [PUBMED: 21858847]
    • (2012) Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) , vol.55 , Issue.1 , pp. 184-191
    • Rakoski, M.O.1    McCammon, R.J.2    Piette, J.D.3    Iwashyna, T.J.4    Marrero, J.A.5    Lok, A.S.6
  • 95
    • 64749100701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological assessment of hepatic encephalopathy: ISHEN practice guidelines
    • PUBMED: 19302444]
    • Randolph C, Hilsabeck R, Kato A, Kharbanda P, Li YY, Mapelli D, et al. Neuropsychological assessment of hepatic encephalopathy: ISHEN practice guidelines. Liver International 2009;29(5):629-35. [PUBMED: 19302444]
    • (2009) Liver International , vol.29 , Issue.5 , pp. 629-635
    • Randolph, C.1    Hilsabeck, R.2    Kato, A.3    Kharbanda, P.4    Li, Y.Y.5    Mapelli, D.6
  • 96
    • 84964921069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review Manager (RevMan)
    • The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration. Version 5.3. Copenhagen: The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration,
    • The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration. Review Manager (RevMan). Version 5.3. Copenhagen: The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2014.
    • (2014)
  • 97
    • 84905581707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized pilot study: effects of an exercise programme and leucine supplementation in patients with cirrhosis
    • PUBMED: 24599772]
    • Roman E, Torrades MT, Nadal MJ, Cardenas G, Nieto JC, Vidal S, et al. Randomized pilot study: effects of an exercise programme and leucine supplementation in patients with cirrhosis. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 2014;59(8):1966-75. [PUBMED: 24599772]
    • (2014) Digestive Diseases and Sciences , vol.59 , Issue.8 , pp. 1966-1975
    • Roman, E.1    Torrades, M.T.2    Nadal, M.J.3    Cardenas, G.4    Nieto, J.C.5    Vidal, S.6
  • 98
    • 0344596063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Literature searching for randomized controlled trials used in Cochrane reviews: rapid versus exhaustive searches
    • Royle P, Milne R. Literature searching for randomized controlled trials used in Cochrane reviews: rapid versus exhaustive searches. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 2003;19(4):591-603.
    • (2003) International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 591-603
    • Royle, P.1    Milne, R.2
  • 99
    • 84868308325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of reported study design characteristics on intervention effect estimates from randomized, controlled trials
    • PUBMED: 22945832]
    • Savovic J, Jones HE, Altman DG, Harris RJ, Juni P, Pildal J, et al. Influence of reported study design characteristics on intervention effect estimates from randomized, controlled trials. Annals of Internal Medicine 2012;157(6):429-38. [PUBMED: 22945832]
    • (2012) Annals of Internal Medicine , vol.157 , Issue.6 , pp. 429-438
    • Savovic, J.1    Jones, H.E.2    Altman, D.G.3    Harris, R.J.4    Juni, P.5    Pildal, J.6
  • 100
    • 84963725282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stata 13
    • Stata Corp. Texas: Stata Corp,
    • Stata Corp. Stata 13. Texas: Stata Corp, 2007.
    • (2007)
  • 101
    • 84865320804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In-hospital mortality and economic burden associated with hepatic encephalopathy in the United States from 2005 to 2009
    • PUBMED: 22642955]
    • Stepanova M, Mishra A, Venkatesan C, Younossi ZM. In-hospital mortality and economic burden associated with hepatic encephalopathy in the United States from 2005 to 2009. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2012;10(9):1034-41.e1. [PUBMED: 22642955]
    • (2012) Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology , vol.10 , Issue.9 , pp. 1034-1041.e1
    • Stepanova, M.1    Mishra, A.2    Venkatesan, C.3    Younossi, Z.M.4
  • 102
    • 84859984959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • User manual for Trial Sequential Analysis (TSA)
    • 2011 (accessed 23 April 2013)
    • Thorlund K, Engstrøm J, Wetterslev J, Brok J, Imberger G, Gluud C. User manual for Trial Sequential Analysis (TSA). ctu.dk/tsa/files/tsa_manual.pdf 2011 (accessed 23 April 2013).
    • Thorlund, K.1    Engstrøm, J.2    Wetterslev, J.3    Brok, J.4    Imberger, G.5    Gluud, C.6
  • 103
    • 84961932931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TSA - Trial Sequential Analysis
    • Copenhagen Trial Unit. Version 0.9 Beta. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Trial Unit,
    • Copenhagen Trial Unit. TSA - Trial Sequential Analysis. Version 0.9 Beta. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Trial Unit, 2011.
    • (2011)
  • 106
    • 84861648005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decisions about lumping vs. splitting of the scope of systematic reviews of complex interventions are not well justified: a case study in systematic reviews of health care professional reminders
    • PUBMED: 22498429]
    • Weir MC, Grimshaw JM, Mayhew A, Fergusson D. Decisions about lumping vs. splitting of the scope of systematic reviews of complex interventions are not well justified: a case study in systematic reviews of health care professional reminders. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2012;65(7):756-63. [PUBMED: 22498429]
    • (2012) Journal of Clinical Epidemiology , vol.65 , Issue.7 , pp. 756-763
    • Weir, M.C.1    Grimshaw, J.M.2    Mayhew, A.3    Fergusson, D.4
  • 107
    • 84878010678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychometric tests for diagnosing minimal hepatic encephalopathy
    • Weissenborn K. Psychometric tests for diagnosing minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Metabolic Brain Disease 2013;28:227-9.
    • (2013) Metabolic Brain Disease , vol.28 , pp. 227-229
    • Weissenborn, K.1
  • 108
    • 37049035730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trial sequential analysis may establish when firm evidence is reached in cumulative meta-analysis
    • PUBMED: 18083463]
    • Wetterslev J, Thorlund K, Brok J, Gluud C. Trial sequential analysis may establish when firm evidence is reached in cumulative meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2008;61(1):64-75. [PUBMED: 18083463]
    • (2008) Journal of Clinical Epidemiology , vol.61 , Issue.1 , pp. 64-75
    • Wetterslev, J.1    Thorlund, K.2    Brok, J.3    Gluud, C.4
  • 109
    • 75649084582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating required information size by quantifying diversity in a random-effects meta-analysis
    • Wetterslev J, Thorlund K, Brok J, Gluud C. Estimating required information size by quantifying diversity in a random-effects meta-analysis. BMC Medical Research Methodology 2009;9:86.
    • (2009) BMC Medical Research Methodology , vol.9 , pp. 86
    • Wetterslev, J.1    Thorlund, K.2    Brok, J.3    Gluud, C.4
  • 110
    • 40949113623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Empirical evidence of bias in treatment effect estimates in controlled trials with different interventions and outcomes: meta-epidemiological study
    • PUBMED: 18316340]
    • Wood L, Egger M, Gluud LL, Schulz KF, Juni P, Altman DG, et al. Empirical evidence of bias in treatment effect estimates in controlled trials with different interventions and outcomes: meta-epidemiological study. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) 2008;336(7644):601-5. [PUBMED: 18316340]
    • (2008) BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) , vol.336 , Issue.7644 , pp. 601-605
    • Wood, L.1    Egger, M.2    Gluud, L.L.3    Schulz, K.F.4    Juni, P.5    Altman, D.G.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.