A review on recent advancements in photovoltaic thermal techniques

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Volumn 76, Issue , 2017, Pages 645-672

  Sathe, Tushar M ^a   Dhoble, A S ^a  

^a VISVESVARAYA NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (India)

Author keywords

BIPVT; Conventional PVT systems; Heat pipe based PVT; Nanofluid based PVT; Phase change material (PCM) based PVT; Photovoltaic thermal (PVT)

Indexed keywords

PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS;

BIPVT; CONVENTIONAL PHOTOVOLTAIC THERMAL SYSTEM; HEAT PIPE BASED PHOTOVOLTAIC THERMAL; MATERIAL-BASED; NANOFLUID BASED PHOTOVOLTAIC THERMAL; NANOFLUIDS; PHASE CHANGE MATERIAL BASED PHOTOVOLTAIC THERMAL; PHOTOVOLTAIC THERMAL; PHOTOVOLTAIC THERMALS; PHOTOVOLTAIC/THERMAL SYSTEMS;

HEAT PIPES;

EID: 85015897389     PISSN: 13640321     EISSN: 18790690     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.03.075     Document Type: Review

References (155)

1. [1] Statistical BP, Energy W. Product GD, Parity PP. BP energy outlook; 2016.
2. [2] Technology Roadmap. Solar Photovoltaic Energy. International Energy Agency; 2014.
3. [3] Wetstone G, Thornton K, Hinrichs-rahlwes R, Sawyer S, Sander M, Taylor R. et al. United Arab Emirates; 2016.
4. [4] Green MA, Emery K, Hishikawa Y, Warta W, Dunlop ED. Solar cell eficiency tables (version 47) 2016:3–11. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pip.
5. [5] Sargunanathan, S., Elango, A., Mohideen, S.T., Performance enhancement of solar photovoltaic cells using effective cooling methods: a review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 64 (2016), 382–393, 10.1016/j.rser.2016.06.024.
6. [6] Ibrahim, A., Othman, M.Y., Ruslan, M.H., Mat, S., Sopian, K., Recent advances in flat plate photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) solar collectors. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 15 (2011), 352–365, 10.1016/j.rser.2010.09.024.
7. [7] Teo, H.G., Lee, P.S., Hawlader, M.N.A., An active cooling system for photovoltaic modules. Appl Energy 90 (2012), 309–315, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.01.017.
8. [8] Chetan Sing, Solanki, Solar photovoltaics fundamentals, technologies and applications, Third ed., 2015, PHI Learning Private Limited.
9. [9] Othman, M.Y., Ibrahim, A., Jin, G.L., Ha, M., Sopian, K., Photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) technology e. Future Energy Technol 49 (2013), 171–174, 10.1016/j.renene.2012.01.038.
10. [10] Wolf, M., Performance analysis of combined heating and photovoltaic power systems for residences. Energy Convers 16 (1976), 79–90.
11. [11] Michael, J.J., S I, Goic, R., Flat plate solar photovoltaic–thermal (PV/T) systems: a reference guide. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 51 (2015), 62–88, 10.1016/j.rser.2015.06.022.
12. [12] Hasanuzzaman, M., ABMA, Malek, Islam, M.M., Pandey, A.K., Rahim, N.A., Global advancement of cooling technologies for PV systems: a review. Sol Energy 137 (2016), 25–45, 10.1016/j.solener.2016.07.010.
13. [13] Tripanagnostopoulos, Y., Aspects and improvements of hybrid photovoltaic/thermal solar energy systems. Sol Energy 81 (2007), 1117–1131, 10.1016/j.solener.2007.04.002.
14. [14] Tiwari, G.N., Mishra, R.K., Solanki, S.C., Photovoltaic modules and their applications: a review on thermal modelling. Appl Energy 88 (2011), 2287–2304, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.01.005.
15. [15] Reddy, S.R., Ebadian, M.A., Lin, C., International Journal of heat and mass transfer A review of PV – T systems: thermal management and efficiency with single phase cooling. Int J Heat Mass Transf 91 (2015), 861–871, 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2015.07.134.
16. [16] Charalambous, P.G., Maidment, G.G., Kalogirou, S.A., Yiakoumetti, K., Photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) collectors: a review. Appl Therm Eng 27 (2007), 275–286, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2006.06.007.
17. [17] Besheer AH, Smyth M, Zacharopoulos A, Mondol J, Pugsley A. Review on recent approaches for hybrid PV / T solar technology. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er; 2016.
18. [18] Shan, F., Tang, F., Cao, L., Fang, G., Performance evaluations and applications of photovoltaic-thermal collectors and systems. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 33 (2014), 467–483, 10.1016/j.rser.2014.02.018.
19. [19] Hussain, F., Othman, M.Y.H., Sopian, K., Yatim, B., Ruslan, H., Othman, H., Design development and performance evaluation of photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) air base solar collector. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 25 (2013), 431–441, 10.1016/j.rser.2013.04.014.
20. [20] Kumar, R., Rosen, M.A., A critical review of photovoltaic–thermal solar collectors for air heating. Appl Energy 88 (2011), 3603–3614, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.04.044.
21. [21] Daghigh, R., Ruslan, M.H., Sopian, K., Advances in liquid based photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) collectors. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 15 (2011), 4156–4170, 10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.028.
22. [22] Ma, T., Yang, H., Zhang, Y., Lu, L., Wang, X., Using phase change materials in photovoltaic systems for thermal regulation and electrical ef fi ciency improvement: a review and outlook. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 43 (2015), 1273–1284, 10.1016/j.rser.2014.12.003.
23. [23] Browne, M.C., Norton, B., Mccormack, S.J., Phase change materials for photovoltaic thermal management. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 47 (2015), 762–782, 10.1016/j.rser.2015.03.050.
24. [24] Aboghrara, A.M., Rusaln, M.H., Sopian, K., The role of climatic-design-operational parameters on combined PV/T collector performance: a critical review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 57 (2016), 602–647, 10.1016/j.rser.2015.11.077.
25. [25] Sopian, K., Yigit, K.S., Liu, H.T., Kakaç, S., Veziroglu, T.N., Performance analysis of photovoltaic thermal air heaters. Energy Convers Manag 37 (1996), 1657–1670, 10.1016/0196-8904(96)00010-6.
26. [26] Garg, H.P., Adhikari, R.S., Conventional hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) air heating collectors: steady-state simulation. Renew Energy 11 (1997), 363–385, 10.1016/S0960-1481(97)00007-4.
27. [27] Hegazy, A.A., Comparative study of the performances of four photovoltaic/thermal solar air collectors. Energy Convers Manag 41 (2000), 861–881, 10.1016/S0196-8904(99)00136-3.
28. [28] Tonui, J.K., Tripanagnostopoulos, Y., Air-cooled PV/T solar collectors with low cost performance improvements. Sol Energy 81 (2007), 498–511, 10.1016/j.solener.2006.08.002.
29. [29] Dubey, S., Sandhu, G.S., Tiwari, G.N., Analytical expression for electrical efficiency of PV/T hybrid air collector. Appl Energy 86 (2009), 697–705, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2008.09.003.
30. [30] Alfegi, E.M.A., Sopian, K., Othman, M.Y.H., Yatim, B.B., Mathematical model of double pass photovoltaic thermal air collector with fins. Am J Environ Sci, 5, 2009, 592, 10.3844/ajessp.2009.592.598.
31. [31] Solanki, S.C., Dubey, S., Tiwari, A., Indoor simulation and testing of photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) air collectors. Appl Energy 86 (2009), 2421–2428, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.03.013.
32. [32] Jin, G.L., Ibrahim, A., Chean, Y.K., Daghigh, R., Ruslan, H., Mat, S., et al. Evaluation of single-pass photovoltaic-thermal air collector with rectangle tunnel absorber. Am J Appl Sci, 7, 2010, 277.
33. [33] Sarhaddi, F., Farahat, S., Ajam, H., Behzadmehr, A., Mahdavi Adeli, M., An improved thermal and electrical model for a solar photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) air collector. Appl Energy 87 (2010), 2328–2339, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.01.001.
34. [34] Sarhaddi, F., Farahat, S., Ajam, H., Behzadmehr, A., Exergetic performance assessment of a solar photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) air collector. Energy Build 42 (2010), 2184–2199, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.07.011.
35. [35] Shahsavar, A., Ameri, M., Gholampour, M., Energy and exergy analysis of a photovoltaic-thermal collector with natural air flow. J Sol Energy Eng, 134, 2011, 11014, 10.1115/1.4005250.
36. [36] Agrawal, S., Tiwari, A., Experimental validation of glazed hybrid micro-channel solar cell thermal tile. Sol Energy 85 (2011), 3046–3056, 10.1016/j.solener.2011.09.003.
37. [37] Agrawal, S., Tiwari, G.N., Energy and exergy analysis of hybrid micro-channel photovoltaic thermal module. Sol Energy 85 (2011), 356–370, 10.1016/j.solener.2010.11.013.
38. [38] Bambrook, S.M., Sproul, A.B., Maximising the energy output of a PVT air system. Sol Energy 86 (2012), 1857–1871, 10.1016/j.solener.2012.02.038.
39. [39] Agrawal, S., Tiwari, G.N., Exergoeconomic analysis of glazed hybrid photovoltaic thermal module air collector. Sol Energy 86 (2012), 2826–2838, 10.1016/j.solener.2012.06.021.
40. [40] Secchi, R., Tempesti, D., Smolka, J., Effect of a back surface roughness on annual performance of an air-cooled PV module. Proc ECOS, 2012, 191–193.
41. [41] Agrawal, S., Tiwari, G.N., Pandey, H.D., Indoor experimental analysis of glazed hybrid photovoltaic thermal tiles air collector connected in series. Energy Build 53 (2012), 145–151, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.06.009.
42. [42] Agrawal, S., Tiwari, G.N., Enviroeconomic analysis and energy matrices of glazed hybrid photovoltaic thermal module air collector. Sol Energy 92 (2013), 139–146, 10.1016/j.solener.2013.02.019.
43. [43] Agrawal, S., Tiwari, G.N., Overall energy, exergy and carbon credit analysis by different type of hybrid photovoltaic thermal air collectors. Energy Convers Manag 65 (2013), 628–636, 10.1016/j.enconman.2012.09.020.
44. [44] Brideau, S.A., Collins, M.R., Development and validation of a hybrid PV/Thermal air based collector model with impinging jets. Sol Energy 102 (2014), 234–246, 10.1016/j.solener.2014.01.022.
45. [45] Ooshaksaraei, P., Aghili, K., Sopian, K., Zulkifli, R., Zaidi, S.H., Steady state characterization of bifacial solar cells at different configurations of air-based photovoltaic thermal solar panels. J Renew Sustain Energy, 6, 2014, 33140, 10.1063/1.4885117.
46. [46] Tsai, H.L., Hsu, C.Y., Chen, Y.C., Efficiency enhancement of novel photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) air collector. Appl Mech Mater 494–495 (2014), 1845–1848, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.494-495.1845.
47. [47] Singh, S., Agrawal, S., Tiwari, A., Al-Helal, I.M., Avasthi, D.V., Modeling and parameter optimization of hybrid single channel photovoltaic thermal module using genetic algorithms. Sol Energy 113 (2015), 78–87, 10.1016/j.solener.2014.12.031.
48. [48] Antonanzas, J., del Amo, A., Martinez-Gracia, A., Bayod-Rujula, A.A., Antonanzas-Torres, F., Towards the optimization of convective losses in photovoltaic–thermal panels. Sol Energy 116 (2015), 323–336, 10.1016/j.solener.2015.04.013.
49. [49] Tiwari, S., Tiwari, G.N., Al-Helal, I.M., Performance analysis of photovoltaic–thermal (PVT) mixed mode greenhouse solar dryer. Sol Energy 133 (2016), 421–428, 10.1016/j.solener.2016.04.033.
50. [50] Singh, S., Agrawal, S., Avasthi, D.V., Design, modeling and performance analysis of dual channel semitransparent photovoltaic thermal hybrid module in the cold environment. Energy Convers Manag 114 (2016), 241–250, 10.1016/j.enconman.2016.02.023.
51. [51] Srimanickam, B., Vijayalakshmi, M.M., Natarajan, E., Experimental study of exergy analysis on flat plate solar photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) hybrid system. Appl. Mech. Mater, 787, 2015, Trans Tech Publ, 82–87.
52. [52] Huang, B.J., Lin, T.H., Hung, W.C., Sun, F.S., Performance evaluation of solar photovoltaic/thermal systems. Sol Energy 70 (2001), 443–448, 10.1016/S0038-092X(00)00153-5.
53. [53] Chow, T.T., He, W., Ji, J., Hybrid photovoltaic-thermosyphon water heating system for residential application. Sol Energy 80 (2006), 298–306, 10.1016/j.solener.2005.02.003.
54. [54] Ji, J., Lu, J.-P., Chow, T.-T., He, W., Pei, G., A sensitivity study of a hybrid photovoltaic/thermal water-heating system with natural circulation. Appl Energy 84 (2007), 222–237, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2006.04.009.
55. [55] Chow, T.T., Ji, J., He, W., Photovoltaic-thermal collector system for domestic application. J Sol Energy Eng 129 (2006), 205–209, 10.1115/1.2711474.
56. [56] Fraisse, G., Menzo, C., Johannes, K., Energy performance of water hybrid PV/T collectors applied to combisystems of Direct Solar Floor type. Kidlington, ROYAUME-UNI, 81, 2007, Elsevier.
57. [57] Dubey, S., Tiwari, G.N., Thermal modeling of a combined system of photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) solar water heater. Sol Energy 82 (2008), 602–612, 10.1016/j.solener.2008.02.005.
58. [58] Chow, T.T., Pei, G., Fong, K.F., Lin, Z., Chan, A.L.S., Ji, J., Energy and exergy analysis of photovoltaic–thermal collector with and without glass cover. Appl Energy 86 (2009), 310–316, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2008.04.016.
59. [59] Tiwari, A., Dubey, S., Sandhu, G.S., Sodha, M.S., Anwar, S.I., Exergy analysis of integrated photovoltaic thermal solar water heater under constant flow rate and constant collection temperature modes. Appl Energy 86 (2009), 2592–2597, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.04.004.
60. [60] Odeh, S., Behnia, M., Improving photovoltaic module efficiency using water cooling. Heat Transf Eng 30 (2009), 499–505, 10.1080/01457630802529214.
61. [61] Charalambous, P.G., Kalogirou, S.A., Maidment, G.G., Yiakoumetti, K., Optimization of the photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) collector absorber. Sol Energy 85 (2011), 871–880, 10.1016/j.solener.2011.02.003.
62. [62] Dupeyrat, P., Ménézo, C., Rommel, M., Henning, H.-M., Efficient single glazed flat plate photovoltaic–thermal hybrid collector for domestic hot water system. Sol Energy 85 (2011), 1457–1468, 10.1016/j.solener.2011.04.002.
63. [63] Zhao, J., Song, Y., Lam, W.-H., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Zhang, Y., et al. Solar radiation transfer and performance analysis of an optimum photovoltaic/thermal system. Energy Convers Manag 52 (2011), 1343–1353, 10.1016/j.enconman.2010.09.032.
64. [64] Mishra, R.K., Tiwari, G.N., Energy and exergy analysis of hybrid photovoltaic thermal water collector for constant collection temperature mode. Sol Energy 90 (2013), 58–67, 10.1016/j.solener.2012.12.022.
65. [65] Fudholi, A., Sopian, K., Yazdi, M.H., Ruslan, M.H., Ibrahim, A., Kazem, H.A., Performance analysis of photovoltaic thermal (PVT) water collectors. Energy Convers Manag 78 (2014), 641–651, 10.1016/j.enconman.2013.11.017.
66. [66] Dupeyrat, P., Ménézo, C., Fortuin, S., Study of the thermal and electrical performances of PVT solar hot water system. Energy Build 68 (2014), 751–755, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.09.032.
67. [67] Hazi, A., Hazi, G., Grigore, R., Vernica, S., Opportunity to use PVT systems for water heating in industry. Appl Therm Eng 63 (2014), 151–157, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.11.010.
68. [68] Sobhnamayan, F., Sarhaddi, F., Alavi, M.A., Farahat, S., Yazdanpanahi, J., Optimization of a solar photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) water collector based on exergy concept. Renew Energy 68 (2014), 356–365, 10.1016/j.renene.2014.01.048.
69. [69] Liang, R., Zhang, J., Ma, L., Li, Y., Performance evaluation of new type hybrid photovoltaic/thermal solar collector by experimental study. Appl Therm Eng 75 (2015), 487–492, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2014.09.075.
70. [70] Yazdanpanahi, J., Sarhaddi, F., Mahdavi Adeli, M., Experimental investigation of exergy efficiency of a solar photovoltaic thermal (PVT) water collector based on exergy losses. Sol Energy 118 (2015), 197–208, 10.1016/j.solener.2015.04.038.
71. [71] Shyam, Tiwari, G.N., Fischer, O., Mishra, R.K., Al-Helal, I.M., Performance evaluation of N-photovoltaic thermal (PVT) water collectors partially covered by photovoltaic module connected in series: An experimental study. Sol Energy 118 (2015), 197–208, 10.1016/j.solener.2015.04.038.
72. [72] Rosli MMA, Sopian K, Mat BS, Sulaiman YM, Salleh E. Heat Removal Factor of an Unglazed Photovoltaic Thermal Collector with a Serpentine Tube. In: Sayigh A, editor. Renew. Energy Serv. Mank. Vol II Sel. Top. from World Renew. Energy Congr. WREC 2014, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016, p. 583–90. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18215-5_52.
73. [73] Atheaya, D., Tiwari, A., Tiwari, G.N., Exergy analysis of photovoltaic thermal (PVT) compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) for constant collection temperature mode. Sol Energy 135 (2016), 222–231, 10.1016/j.solener.2016.05.055.
74. [74] Michael, J.J., Selvarasan, I., Goic, R., Fabrication, experimental study and testing of a novel photovoltaic module for photovoltaic thermal applications. Renew Energy 90 (2016), 95–104, 10.1016/j.renene.2015.12.064.
75. [75] Aste, N., Del Pero, C., Leonforte, F., Manfren, M., Performance monitoring and modeling of an uncovered photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) water collector. Sol Energy 135 (2016), 551–568, 10.1016/j.solener.2016.06.029.
76. [76] Yazdanifard, F., Ebrahimnia-Bajestan, E., Ameri, M., Investigating the performance of a water-based photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) collector in laminar and turbulent flow regime. Renew Energy 99 (2016), 295–306, 10.1016/j.renene.2016.07.004.
77. [77] Ziapour, B.M., Palideh, V., Mokhtari, F., Performance improvement of the finned passive PVT system using reflectors like removable insulation covers. Appl Therm Eng 94 (2016), 341–349, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.10.143.
78. [78] Abu Bakar, M.N., Othman, M., Hj Din, M., Manaf, N.A., Jarimi, H., Design concept and mathematical model of a bi-fluid photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) solar collector. Renew Energy 67 (2014), 153–164, 10.1016/j.renene.2013.11.052.
79. [79] Jarimi, H., Abu Bakar, M.N., Othman, M., Din, M.H., Bi-fluid photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) solar collector: experimental validation of a 2-D theoretical model. Renew Energy 85 (2016), 1052–1067, 10.1016/j.renene.2015.07.014.
80. [80] Othman, M.Y., Hamid, S.A., Tabook, M.A.S., Sopian, K., Roslan, M.H., Ibarahim, Z., Performance analysis of PV/T Combi with water and air heating system: an experimental study. Renew Energy 86 (2016), 716–722, 10.1016/j.renene.2015.08.061.
81. [81] Su, D., Jia, Y., Huang, X., Alva, G., Tang, Y., Fang, G., Dynamic performance analysis of photovoltaic–thermal solar collector with dual channels for different fluids. Energy Convers Manag 120 (2016), 13–24, 10.1016/j.enconman.2016.04.095.
82. [82] Chol, S.U.S., Enhancing thermal conductivity of fluids with nanoparticles. ASME-Publ-Fed 231 (1995), 99–106.
83. [83] Al-Shamani, A.N., Yazdi, M.H., Alghoul, M.A., Abed, A.M., Ruslan, M.H., Mat, S., et al. Nanofluids for improved efficiency in cooling solar collectors – A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 38 (2014), 348–367, 10.1016/j.rser.2014.05.041.
84. [84] Bozorgan, N., Shafahi, M., Performance evaluation of nanofluids in solar energy: a review of the recent literature. Micro Nano Syst Lett 3 (2015), 1–15, 10.1186/s40486-015-0014-2.
85. [85] Verma, S.K., Tiwari, A.K., Progress of nanofluid application in solar collectors: a review. Energy Convers Manag 100 (2015), 324–346, 10.1016/j.enconman.2015.04.071.
86. [86] Mahian, O., Kianifar, A., Kalogirou, S.A., Pop, I., Wongwises, S., A review of the applications of nanofluids in solar energy. Int J Heat Mass Transf 57 (2013), 582–594, 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.10.037.
87. [87] Xu, Z., Kleinstreuer, C., Concentration photovoltaic–thermal energy co-generation system using nanofluids for cooling and heating. Energy Convers Manag 87 (2014), 504–512, 10.1016/j.enconman.2014.07.047.
88. [88] Sardarabadi, M., Passandideh-Fard, M., Zeinali Heris, S., Experimental investigation of the effects of silica/water nanofluid on PV/T (photovoltaic thermal units). Energy 66 (2014), 264–272, 10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.102.
89. [89] Karami, N., Rahimi, M., Heat transfer enhancement in a PV cell using Boehmite nanofluid. Energy Convers Manag 86 (2014), 275–285, 10.1016/j.enconman.2014.05.037.
90. [90] Jing, D., Hu, Y., Liu, M., Wei, J., Guo, L., Preparation of highly dispersed nanofluid and CFD study of its utilization in a concentrating PV/T system. Sol Energy 112 (2015), 30–40, 10.1016/j.solener.2014.11.008.
91. [91] Ghadiri, M., Sardarabadi, M., Pasandideh-fard, M., Moghadam, A.J., Experimental investigation of a PVT system performance using nano ferrofluids. Energy Convers Manag 103 (2015), 468–476, 10.1016/j.enconman.2015.06.077.
92. [92] Michael, J.J., Iniyan, S., Performance analysis of a copper sheet laminated photovoltaic thermal collector using copper oxide – water nanofluid. Sol Energy 119 (2015), 439–451, 10.1016/j.solener.2015.06.028.
93. [93] Taylor, R.A., Theoretical Analysis and Testing of Nanofluids-Based Solar Photovoltaic / Thermal Hybrid Collector. J Heat Transf 137 (2016), 1–8, 10.1115/1.4030228.
94. [94] Hassani, S., Saidur, R., Mekhilef, S., Taylor, R.A., Environmental and exergy benefit of nanofluid-based hybrid PV/T systems. Energy Convers Manag 123 (2016), 431–444, 10.1016/j.enconman.2016.06.061.
95. [95] Rejeb, O., Sardarabadi, M., Ménézo, C., Passandideh-Fard, M., Dhaou, M.H., Jemni, A., Numerical and model validation of uncovered nanofluid sheet and tube type photovoltaic thermal solar system. Energy Convers Manag 110 (2016), 367–377, 10.1016/j.enconman.2015.11.063.
96. [96] Khanjari, Y., Pourfayaz, F., Kasaeian, A.B., Numerical investigation on using of nanofluid in a water-cooled photovoltaic thermal system. Energy Convers Manag 122 (2016), 263–278, 10.1016/j.enconman.2016.05.083.
97. [97] Ma, H., Heat Pipes. Mech. Eng. Handb. 2005, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, New Jersey, United States, 335–361, 10.1002/0471777471.ch9.
98. [98] Wu, S.-Y., Zhang, Q.-L., Xiao, L., Guo, F.-H., A heat pipe photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) hybrid system and its performance evaluation. Energy Build 43 (2011), 3558–3567, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.09.017.
99. [99] Gang, P., Huide, F., Tao, Z., Jie, J., A numerical and experimental study on a heat pipe PV/T system. Sol Energy 85 (2011), 911–921, 10.1016/j.solener.2011.02.006.
100. [100] Gang, P., Huide, F., Jie, J., Tin-tai, C., Tao, Z., Annual analysis of heat pipe PV/T systems for domestic hot water and electricity production. Energy Convers Manag 56 (2012), 8–21, 10.1016/j.enconman.2011.11.011.
101. [101] Fu, H.D., Pei, G., Ji, J., Long, H., Zhang, T., Chow, T.T., Experimental study of a photovoltaic solar-assisted heat-pump/heat-pipe system. Appl Therm Eng 40 (2012), 343–350, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.02.036.
102. [102] Zhang, X., Zhao, X., Shen, J., Hu, X., Liu, X., Xu, J., Design, fabrication and experimental study of a solar photovoltaic/loop-heat-pipe based heat pump system. Sol Energy 97 (2013), 551–568, 10.1016/j.solener.2013.09.022.
103. [103] Moradgholi, M., Nowee, S.M., Abrishamchi, I., Application of heat pipe in an experimental investigation on a novel photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system. Sol Energy 107 (2014), 82–88, 10.1016/j.solener.2014.05.018.
104. [104] Deng, Y., Quan, Z., Zhao, Y., Wang, L., Liu, Z., Experimental research on the performance of household-type photovoltaic–thermal system based on micro-heat-pipe array in Beijing. Energy Convers Manag 106 (2015), 1039–1047, 10.1016/j.enconman.2015.09.067.
105. [105] Zhang, B., Lv, J., Yang, H., Li, T., Ren, S., Performance analysis of a heat pipe PV/T system with different circulation tank capacities. Appl Therm Eng 87 (2015), 89–97, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.04.074.
106. [106] Jouhara, H., Milko, J., Danielewicz, J., Sayegh, M.A., Szulgowska-Zgrzywa, M., Ramos, J.B., et al. The performance of a novel flat heat pipe based thermal and PV/T (photovoltaic and thermal systems) solar collector that can be used as an energy-active building envelope material. Energy 108 (2016), 148–154, 10.1016/j.energy.2015.07.063.
107. [107] Sweidan, A., Ghaddar, N., Ghali, K., Optimized design and operation of heat-pipe photovoltaic thermal system with phase change material for thermal storage. J Renew Sustain Energy, 8, 2016, 23501, 10.1063/1.4943091.
108. [108] Makki, A., Omer, S., Su, Y., Sabir, H., Numerical investigation of heat pipe-based photovoltaic–thermoelectric generator (HP-PV/TEG) hybrid system. Energy Convers Manag 112 (2016), 274–287, 10.1016/j.enconman.2015.12.069.
109. [109] Hu, M., Zheng, R., Pei, G., Wang, Y., Li, J., Ji, J., Experimental study of the effect of inclination angle on the thermal performance of heat pipe photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) systems with wickless heat pipe and wire-meshed heat pipe. Appl Therm Eng 106 (2016), 651–660, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.06.003.
110. [110] Wang, Z., Qiu, F., Yang, W., Zhao, X., Applications of solar water heating system with phase change material. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 52 (2015), 645–652, 10.1016/j.rser.2015.07.184.
111. [111] Ma, T., Yang, H., Zhang, Y., Lu, L., Wang, X., Using phase change materials in photovoltaic systems for thermal regulation and electrical efficiency improvement: a review and outlook. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 43 (2015), 1273–1284, 10.1016/j.rser.2014.12.003.
112. [112] Huang, M.J., Eames, P.C., Norton, B., Thermal regulation of building-integrated photovoltaics using phase change materials. Int J Heat Mass Transf 47 (2004), 2715–2733, 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2003.11.015.
113. [113] Huang, M.J., Eames, P.C., Norton, B., Phase change materials for limiting temperature rise in building integrated photovoltaics. Sol Energy 80 (2006), 1121–1130, 10.1016/j.solener.2005.10.006.
114. [114] Hasan, A., McCormack, S.J., Huang, M.J., Norton, B., Evaluation of phase change materials for thermal regulation enhancement of building integrated photovoltaics. Sol Energy 84 (2010), 1601–1612, 10.1016/j.solener.2010.06.010.
115. [115] Maiti, S., Banerjee, S., Vyas, K., Patel, P., Ghosh, P.K., Self regulation of photovoltaic module temperature in V-trough using a metal–wax composite phase change matrix. Sol Energy 85 (2011), 1805–1816, 10.1016/j.solener.2011.04.021.
116. [116] Huang, M.J., Eames, P.C., Norton, B., Hewitt, N.J., Natural convection in an internally finned phase change material heat sink for the thermal management of photovoltaics. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 95 (2011), 1598–1603, 10.1016/j.solmat.2011.01.008.
117. [117] Biwole, P.H., Eclache, P., Kuznik, F., Phase-change materials to improve solar panel's performance. Energy Build 62 (2013), 59–67, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.02.059.
118. [118] Lo Brano, V., Ciulla, G., Piacentino, A., Cardona, F., On the Efficacy of PCM to Shave peak temperature of crystalline photovoltaic panels: an FDM model and field validation. Energies 6 (2013), 6188–6210, 10.3390/en6126188.
119. [119] Lin, W., Ma, Z., Sohel, M.I., Cooper, P., Development and evaluation of a ceiling ventilation system enhanced by solar photovoltaic thermal collectors and phase change materials. Energy Convers Manag 88 (2014), 218–230, 10.1016/j.enconman.2014.08.019.
120. [120] Smith, C.J., Forster, P.M., Crook, R., Global analysis of photovoltaic energy output enhanced by phase change material cooling. Appl Energy 126 (2014), 21–28, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.03.083.
121. [121] Indartono, Y.S., Prakoso, S.D., Suwono, A., Zaini, I.N., Fernaldi, B., Simulation and experimental study on effect of phase change material thickness to reduce temperature of photovoltaic panel. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng, 88, 2015, 12049, 10.1088/1757-899X/88/1/012049.
122. [122] Hasan, A., McCormack, S.J., Huang, M.J., Sarwar, J., Norton, B., Increased photovoltaic performance through temperature regulation by phase change materials: materials comparison in different climates. Sol Energy 115 (2015), 264–276, 10.1016/j.solener.2015.02.003.
123. [123] Machniewicz, A., Knera, D., Heim, D., Effect of transition temperature on efficiency of PV/PCM panels. Energy Procedia 78 (2015), 1684–1689, 10.1016/j.egypro.2015.11.257.
124. [124] Ho, C.J., Chou, W.-L., Lai, C.-M., Thermal and electrical performance of a water-surface floating PV integrated with a water-saturated MEPCM layer. Energy Convers Manag 89 (2015), 862–872, 10.1016/j.enconman.2014.10.039.
125. [125] Browne, M.C., Lawlor, K., Kelly, A., Norton, B., Cormack, S.J.M., Indoor characterisation of a photovoltaic/ thermal phase change material system. Energy Procedia 70 (2015), 163–171, 10.1016/j.egypro.2015.02.112.
126. [126] Atkin, P., Farid, M.M., Improving the efficiency of photovoltaic cells using PCM infused graphite and aluminium fins. Sol Energy 114 (2015), 217–228, 10.1016/j.solener.2015.01.037.
127. [127] Rosenthal AH, Gonçalves BP, Beckwith JA, Gulati R, Compere MD, Boetcher SS. Phase-Change Material to Thermally Regulate Photovoltaic Panels to Improve Solar to Electric Efficiency. ASME. ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Volume 8B: Heat Transfer and Thermal Engineering p.V08BT10A009. doi:10.1115/IMECE2015-50650.
128. [128] Browne, M.C., Norton, B., McCormack, S.J., Heat retention of a photovoltaic/thermal collector with PCM. Sol Energy 133 (2016), 533–548, 10.1016/j.solener.2016.04.024.
129. [129] Browne, M.C., Quigley, D., Hard, H.R., Gilligan, S., Ribeiro, N.C.C., Almeida, N., et al. Assessing the thermal performance of phase change material in a photovoltaic/thermal system. Energy Procedia 91 (2016), 113–121, 10.1016/j.egypro.2016.06.184.
130. [130] Stropnik, R., Stritih, U., Increasing the efficiency of PV panel with the use of PCM. Renew Energy 97 (2016), 671–679, 10.1016/j.renene.2016.06.011.
131. [131] Kibria, M.A., Saidur, R., Al-Sulaiman, F.A., Aziz, M.M.A., Development of a thermal model for a hybrid photovoltaic module and phase change materials storage integrated in buildings. Sol Energy 124 (2016), 114–123, 10.1016/j.solener.2015.11.027.
132. [132] Lin, W., Ma, Z., Cooper, P., Sohel, M.I., Yang, L., Thermal performance investigation and optimization of buildings with integrated phase change materials and solar photovoltaic thermal collectors. Energy Build 116 (2016), 562–573, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.01.041.
133. [133] Chow, T.T., He, W., Ji, J., An experimental study of facade-integrated photovoltaic/water-heating system. Appl Therm Eng 27 (2007), 37–45, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2006.05.015.
134. [134] Anderson, T.N., Duke, M., Morrison, G.L., Carson, J.K., Performance of a building integrated photovoltaic/thermal (BIPVT) solar collector. Sol Energy 83 (2009), 445–455, 10.1016/j.solener.2008.08.013.
135. [135] Agrawal, B., Tiwari, G.N., Optimizing the energy and exergy of building integrated photovoltaic thermal (BIPVT) systems under cold climatic conditions. Appl Energy 87 (2010), 417–426, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.06.011.
136. [136] Athienitis, A.K., Bambara, J., O'Neill, B., Faille, J., A prototype photovoltaic/thermal system integrated with transpired collector. Sol Energy 85 (2011), 139–153, 10.1016/j.solener.2010.10.008.
137. [137] Candanedo, L.M., Athienitis, A., Park, K.-W., Convective heat transfer coefficients in a building-integrated photovoltaic/thermal system. J Sol Energy Eng, 133, 2011, 21002, 10.1115/1.4003145.
138. [138] Yang, T., Athienitis, A.K., A study of design options for a building integrated photovoltaic/thermal (BIPV/T) system with glazed air collector and multiple inlets. Sol Energy 104 (2014), 82–92, 10.1016/j.solener.2014.01.049.
139. [139] Ibrahim, A., Fudholi, A., Sopian, K., Othman, M.Y., Ruslan, M.H., Efficiencies and improvement potential of building integrated photovoltaic thermal (BIPVT) system. Energy Convers Manag 77 (2014), 527–534, 10.1016/j.enconman.2013.10.033.
140. [140] Farshchimonfared, M., Bilbao, J.I., Sproul, A.B., Channel depth, air mass flow rate and air distribution duct diameter optimization of photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) air collectors linked to residential buildings. Renew Energy 76 (2015), 27–35, 10.1016/j.renene.2014.10.044.
141. [141] Farshchimonfared, M., Bilbao, J.I., Sproul, A.B., Full optimisation and sensitivity analysis of a photovoltaic–thermal (PV/T) air system linked to a typical residential building. Sol Energy 136 (2016), 15–22, 10.1016/j.solener.2016.06.048.
142. [142] Tiwari, G.N., Saini, H., Tiwari, A., Deo, A., Gupta, N., Saini, P.S., Periodic theory of building integrated photovoltaic thermal (BiPVT) system. Sol Energy 125 (2016), 373–380, 10.1016/j.solener.2015.12.028.
143. [143] Sun, L.L., Li, M., Yuan, Y.P., Cao, X.L., Lei, B., Yu, N.Y., Effect of tilt angle and connection mode of PVT modules on the energy efficiency of a hot water system for high-rise residential buildings. Renew Energy 93 (2016), 291–301, 10.1016/j.renene.2016.02.075.
144. [144] Rajoria, C.S., Agrawal, S., Chandra, S., Tiwari, G.N., Chauhan, D.S., A novel investigation of building integrated photovoltaic thermal (BiPVT) system: a comparative study. Sol Energy 131 (2016), 107–118, 10.1016/j.solener.2016.02.037.
145. BIPVT systems for residential applications: An energy and economic analysis for European climates
146. [146] Leone, G., Beccali, M., Use of finite element models for estimating thermal performance of façade-integrated solar thermal collectors. Appl Energy 171 (2016), 392–404, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.03.039.
147. [147] Oruc, M.E., Desai, A.V., Kenis, P.J.A., Nuzzo, R.G., Comprehensive energy analysis of a photovoltaic thermal water electrolyzer. Appl Energy 164 (2016), 294–302, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.11.078.
148. [148] Elbreki, A.M., Alghoul, M.A., Al-Shamani, A.N., Ammar, A.A., Yegani, B., Aboghrara, A.M., et al. The role of climatic-design-operational parameters on combined PV/T collector performance: a critical review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 57 (2016), 602–647, 10.1016/j.rser.2015.11.077.
149. [149] Kasemo, B., Zhdanov, V.P., Zoric, I., Plasmonics : Heat transfer between metal nanoparticles and supporting nanolayers. Phys. E: Low-dimens. Syst. Nanostruct. 46 (2012), 113–118, 10.1016/j.physe.2012.09.004.
150. [150] Zhang Y, Stokes N, Jia B, Fan S, Gu M. wafer solar cells with minimized 2014:1–6. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep04939.
151. [151] Hemenway D, Sakurai H, Sampath W, Barth K, Solar D, Collins F, et al. Thermal Modeling ofPV Modules Using Computational Simulation; 2014:1344–7.
152. [152] Khelifa, A., Touafek, K., Ben, Moussa H., Tabet, I., Hocine HB, cheikh El, Haloui, H., Analysis of a hybrid solar collector photovoltaic thermal (PVT). Energy Procedia 74 (2015), 835–843, 10.1016/j.egypro.2015.07.819.
153. [153] Sharma NY. Numerical simulation of a solar flat plate collector using discrete transfer radiation model (DTRM) – A CFD Approach 2011;III: p. 2–7.
154. [154] Manju, S., Sagar, N., Progressing towards the development of sustainable energy: a critical review on the current status, applications, developmental barriers and prospects of solar photovoltaic systems in India. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 70 (2017), 298–313, 10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.226.
155. [155] Herrando, M., Markides, C.N., Hellgardt, K., A UK-based assessment of hybrid PV and solar-thermal systems for domestic heating and power : System performance. Appl. Energy 122 (2014), 288–309, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.01.061.