Metabolic syndrome, hypertension, and nervous system injury: Epidemiological correlates

Clinical and Experimental Hypertension

Volumn 39, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 8-16

  Ricci, Giovanna ^a   Pirillo, Isabel ^a   Tomassoni, Daniele ^a   Sirignano, Ascanio ^a   Grappasonni, Iolanda ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMERINO   (Italy)

Author keywords

Cerebrovascular disease; epidemiology; hypertension; metabolic syndrome; social aspects

Indexed keywords

BRAIN; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; HEALTH CARE COST; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; NERVOUS SYSTEM INJURY; PREVALENCE; REVIEW; SOCIAL ASPECT; COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION; DEMENTIA; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; ECONOMICS; INCIDENCE; INSULIN RESISTANCE; ITALY; OBESITY; RISK FACTOR;

COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION; DEMENTIA; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; INCIDENCE; INSULIN RESISTANCE; ITALY; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; OBESITY; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 85009210629     PISSN: 10641963     EISSN: 15256006     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2016.1210629     Document Type: Review

References (78)

1. Reaven GM., Banting lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes 1988;37:1595–1607.
2. World Health Organization. Definition, Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications. Report of a WHO consultation. Geneva:World Health Organization 1999, WHO/NCD/NCS/99.2 http://www.who.int/iris/handle/10665/66040. Accessed 15 Dec 2015
3. Balkau B, Charles MA., Comment on the provisional report from the WHO consultation. European Group for the Study of Insulin Resistance (EGIR). Diabet Med 1999;16:442–443.
4. Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Executive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, And Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol In Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 2001;285:2486–2497.
5. International Diabetes Federation. The IDF consensus worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome. 1st International Congress on Prediabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome. Berlin, Germany, 2005.
6. Siervo M, Harrison SL, Jagger C, et al. Metabolic syndrome and longitudinal changes in cognitive function:a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Alzheimer’s Dis 2014;41:151–161.
7. Frisardi V., Impact of metabolic syndrome on cognitive decline in older age:protective or harmful, where is the pitfall? J Alzheimers Dis 2014;41:163–167.
8. Colucci L, Bosco M, Fasanaro AM, et al. Alzheimer’s disease costs:what we know and what we should take into account. J Alzheimer’s Dis:JAD 2014;42:1311–1324.
9. Il progetto cuore:Epidemiologia e prevenzione delle malattie cerebro e cardiovascolari. http://www.cuore.iss.it/. Accessed Nov 30, 2015
10. Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Executive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, And Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol In Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 2001;285:2486–2497.
11. Einhorn D, Reaven GM, Cobin RH, et al. American College of Endocrinology position statement on the insulin resistance syndrome. Endocr Pract 2003;9:237–252.
12. Crepaldi G, Maggi S., The metabolic syndrome:a historical context. Diabetes Voice 2006;51:8–10
13. Zimmet P, Alberti G., The IDF definition:why we need a global consensus. Diabetes voice 2006;51:11–14.
14. Alberti KGMM., P., Zimmet, J., Shaw. Metabolic syndrome—a new world-wide definition. A Consensus Statement from the International Diabetes Federation. Diabetic Med 2006;23:469–480.
15. Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Daniels SR, et al. Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome an American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement. Circulation 2005;112:2735–2752.
16. Parikh R, Mohan V, Joshi S., Should waist circumference be replaced by index of central obesity (ICO) in definition of metabolic syndrome? Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2012;28:3–5.
17. Frisardi V, Solfrizzi V, Seripa D, et al. Metabolic-cognitive syndrome:A cross-talk between metabolic syndrome and Alzheimer’s disease. Age Res Rev 2010;9:399–417.
18. Lakka HM, Laaksonen DE, Lakka TA, et al. The metabolic syndrome and total and cardiovascular disease mortality in middle-aged men. JAMA 2002;288:2709–2716.
19. Haffner SM, The metabolic syndrome:inflammation, diabetes mel- litus, and cardiovascular disease. Am J Cardiol. 2006;97:3A–11A.
20. Wang J, Ruotsalainen S, Moilanen L, et al. The metabolic syndrome predicts incident stroke:a 14-year follow-up study in elderly people in Finland. Stroke 2008;39:1078–1083.
21. Solfrizzi V, Scafato E, Capurso C, et al. Metabolic syndrome, mild cognitive impairment, and progression to dementia. The Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Neurobiol Aging 2011;32:1932–1941.
22. Yaffe K, Kanaya A, Lindquist K, et al. The metabolic syndrome, inflammation, and risk of cognitive decline. JAMA 2004;292:2237–2242
23. Yaffe K, Haan M, Blackwell T, et al. Metabolic syndrome and cognitive decline in elderly Latinos:findings from the sacramento area Latino study of aging study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2007;55:758–762.
24. Dik MG, Jonker C, Comijs HC, et al. Contribution of metabolic syndrome components to cognition in older individuals. Diabetes Care 2007;30:2655–2660.
25. van den Berg E, Biessels GJ, de Craen AJ, et al. The metabolic syndrome is associated with decelerated cognitive decline in the oldest old. Neurology 2007;69:979–985.
26. Ho RC, Niti M, Yap KB, et al. Metabolic syndrome and cognitive decline in chinese older adults:results from the singapore longitudinal ageing studies. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2008;16:519–522.
27. Komulainen P, Lakka TA, Kivipelto M, et al. Metabolic syndrome and cognitive function:a population-based follow-up study in elderly women. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2007;23:29–34.
28. Yaffe K, Weston AL, Blackwell T, Krueger KA., The metabolic syndrome and development of cognitive impairment among older women. Arch Neurol 2009;66:324–328.
29. Roberts RO, Geda YE, Knopman DS, et al. Metabolic syndrome, inflammation, and nonamnestic mild cognitive impairment in older persons:a population-based study. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2010;24:11–18.
30. Kalmijn S, Foley D, White L, et al. Metabolic cardiovascular syndrome and risk of dementia in Japanese–American elderly men. The Honolulu-Asia aging study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2000;20:2255–2260.
31. Roriz-Cruz M, Rosset I, Wada T, et al. Cognitive impairment and frontal-subcortical geriatric syndrome are associated with metabolic syndrome in a stroke-free population. Neurobiol Aging 2007;28:1723–1736.
32. Raffaitin C, Gin H, Empana JP, et al. Metabolic syndrome and risk for incident Alzheimer’s disease or vascular dementia:the Three-City Study. Diabetes Care 2009;32:169–174.
33. Feng L, Chong MS, Lim WS, et al. Metabolic syndrome and amnestic mild cognitive impairment:Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Study-2 findings. J Alzheimers Dis 2013;34:649–657.
34. Liu CL, Lin MH, Peng LN, et al. Late-life metabolic syndrome prevents cognitive decline among older men aged 75 years and over:one-year prospective cohort study. J Nutr Health Aging 2013;17:523–526.
35. World Health Organization. Global Health Estimates:Deaths by Cause, Age, Sex and Country, 2000–2012. Geneva:WHO, 2014.
36. World Health Organization. Projections of mortality and causes of death, 2015 and 2030 http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/projections/en/. Accessed Nov 15, 2015
37. Mathers CD, Loncar D., Projections of global mortality and burden of disease from 2002 to 2030. PLoS Med 2006;3:e442.
38. World Health Organization. Media Centre. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Fact sheet N°317 Updated January. 2015. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs317/en/. Accessed Nov 15, 2015
39. World Health Organization. Obesity and overweight. Fact sheet N°311, 2015 http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/Accessed Nov 15, 2015
40. World Health Organization. Overweight and obesity, Adults aged 18+. http://www.who.int/gho/ncd/risk_factors/overweight_text/en/. Accessed Nov 15, 2015
41. World Health Ogranization. Global status report on noncommunicable diseases. Attaining the nine global noncommunicable diseases targets; a shared responsibility 2014. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/148114/1/9789241564854_eng.pdf. Accessed Nov 15, 2015
42. Levitan B, Song Y, Ford ES, Liu S., Is nondiabetic hyperglycaemia a risk factor for cardiovascular disease? A meta-analysis of prospective studies. Arch Intern Med 2004;164:2147–2155.
43. Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2010. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2011 http://www.who.int/nmh/publications/ncd_report_full_en.pdf
44. Mayans L., Metabolic syndrome:insulin resistance and prediabetes. FP Essent 2015;435:11–16.
45. Smolina K, Wright FL, Rayner M, Goldacre MJ., Determinants of the decline in mortality from acute myocardial infarction in England between 2002 and 2010:linked national database study. BMJ 2012;344:d8059.
46. Iacone G, Buccelli C., L’invalidità civile. Aspetti sostanziali, processuali, medico legali. Padova CEDAM 2008:562–565.
47. Ministerial Decree - Ministry of health - approvazione della nuova tabella indicativa delle percentuali d’invalidità per le minorazioni e malattie invalidanti. Published in the Official Gazette no. 47, Office. February 26, 1992, n. 47, S.O.
48. Italian Legislative Decree no. 509, 23 November 1988. Norme per la revisione delle categorie delle minorazioni e malattie invalidanti, nonché dei benefici previsti dalla legislazione vigente per le medesime categorie, under art. 2, comma 1, Law 26 July 1988, no. 291.
49. International Classification of Impairment, Disabilities and Handicaps. A manual of classification relating to the consequences of disease (ICIDH). Geneva:World Health Organitation 1980
50. Cieza A, Brockow T, Ewert T, et al. Linking health-status measurements to the international classification of functioning, disability and health. J Rehabil Med 2002;34:205–210.
51. Burton WN, Chen CY, Schultz AB, Edington DW., The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in an eployed population and the impact on health and productivity. J Occup Environ Med. 2008;50:1339–1348.
52. Schultz Ab, Edington Dw., The association between changes in metabolic syndrome and changes in cost in a workplace population. J Occup Environ Med 2009;51:771–778.
53. Cavallo MC, Fattore G., I costi sociali della Malattia di Alzheimer:metodologia e risultati di una indagine preliminare. Mecosan 1994;10:12–23.
54. Tarricone R., Cost-of-illness analysis. What room in health economics? Health Policy 2006;77:51–63.
55. Le Demenze e la Malattia di Alzheimer:considerazioni etiche Comitato nazionale bioetica, presidenza Consiglio dei Ministri 24.06.2014.
56. Kanavos P, van den Aardweg S, Schurer W., Diabetes expenditure, burden of disease and management in 5 EU countries. LSE Health, London School of Economics 2012.
57. Marcellusi A, Viti R, Mecozzi A, Mennini FS., The direct and indirect cost of diabetes in Italy:a prevalence probabilistic approach. Eur J Health Econ 2014;17:1–9.
58. Lackland DT1, Weber MA. Global burden of cardiovascular disease and stroke:hypertension at the core Can J Cardiol. 2015;31:569–571.
59. Gruppo di Lavoro Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco. L’uso dei farmaci in Italia. Rapporto Nazionale anno 2011. Il Pensiero Scientifico Editore, Roma, 2012. www.epicentro.iss.it/farmaci. Accessed Nov 30, 2015.
60. Arterburn DE, Maciejewski MI, Tsevat J., Impact of morbid obesity on medical expenditures in adults. Int J Obesity 2005;29:334–339
61. Roux L., Cost-effectiveness of anti-obesity interventions. In Cawley JH, (ed.). The Oxford handbook of the Social Science of Obesity, 1st ed. New York:Oxford University Press, 2011, pp. 832–847
62. Hammond RA, Levine R., The economic costs of obesity in the United States. Diabetes Metab Syndrome Obesity 2010;3:287–295
63. von Lengerke T, Krauth C., Economic costs of adult obesity:a review of recent European studies with a focus on subgroup-specific costs. Maturitas 2011;69:220–229.
64. Nicolucci A, Sbraccia P, Guerra R, et al. Il burden of disease dell’obesità in Italia. Heath policy in non-communicable diseases 2015;1:5–22.
65. World Alzheimer Report. The worldwide costs of dementia. In:The Global Impactof Dementia. An Analysis of Prevalence, Incidence, Cost and Trends. London, Alzheimer’s Disease International, 2015:56–67.
66. Olesen J, Gustavsson A, Svensson M, Wittchen HU, Jönsson B;CDBE2010 study group; European Brain Council. The economic cost of brain disorders in Europe. Eur J Neurol 2012;19:155–162
67. La situazione Sanitaria del paese. Le Malattie. A cura della Direzione Generale del Sistema informativo e Statistico Sanitario. Ministero della Salute. 2011 http://www.salute.gov.it/rssp/paginaParagrafoRssp.jsp?sezione=situazione&capitolo=malattie&id=2656. Accessed, Nov 30, 2015.
68. CNB, National Committee of Bioethics. \. http://presidenza.governo.it/bioetica/pdf/demenze_malattia_Alzheimer.pdf. Accessed, Nov 30, 2015.
69. Bragg DA, Walling A., Metabolic syndrome:hyperlipidemia. FP Essent 2015;435:17–23.
70. Minich DM, Bland JS., Dietary management of the metabolic syndrome beyond macronutrients. Nutr Rev 2008;66:429–444.
71. Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos C, Chrysohoou C, et al. Impact of lifestyle habits on the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among Greek adults from the ATTICA study. Am Heart J 2004;147:106–112.
72. Esposito K, Ciotola M, Giugliano D., Mediterranean diet and the metabolic syndrome. Mol. Nutr Food Res 200751:1268–1274.
73. Williams DE, Prevost AT, Whichelow MJ, et al. A cross-sectional study of dietary patterns with glucose intolerance and other features of the metabolic syndrome. Br J Nutr 2000;83:257–266.
74. Paletas K, Athanasiadou E, Sarigianni M, et al. The protective role of the Mediterranean diet on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in a population of Greek obese subjects. J Am Coll Nutr 2010;29:41–45.
75. Mellendijk L, Wiesmann M, Kiliaan AJ., Impact of Nutrition on Cerebral Circulation and Cognition in the Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2015;7:9416–9439.
76. Brown L, Poudyal H, Panchal SK., Functional foods as potential therapeutic options for metabolic syndrome. Obes Rev 2015;16:914–941.
77. Sassi F., Obesity and the economics of prevention:fit not fat. OECD Publishing, 2010.
78. Epicentro. Il portale dell’epidemiologia per la Sanità Pubblica a cura del Centro Nazionale di Epidemiologia, Sorveglianza e Promozione della Salute. La sorveglianza Passi Sovrappeso e obesità, 2015. http://www.epicentro.iss.it/passi/dati/sovrappeso.asp. Accessed. Nov, 30 2015.