An On-Site Heavy Metal Analyzer With Polymer Lab-on-a-Chips for Continuous Sampling and Monitoring

IEEE Sensors Journal

Volumn 9, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 586-594

  Zou, Zhiwei ^a   MacKnight, Eric T ^a   Wu, Pei Ming ^a   Do, Jaephil ^a   Shim, Joon Sub ^a   Ahn, Chong H ^a   Jang, Am ^a   Bishop, Paul L ^a  

^a University of Cincinnati   (United States)

Author keywords

Bismuth electrode; environmental monitoring; heavy metal sensor; lab on a chip

Indexed keywords

EID: 85008060994     PISSN: 1530437X     EISSN: 15581748     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2009.2018348     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. A. Jang, Y. Seo, and P. L. Bishop, “The removal of heavy metals in urban runoff by sorption on mulch”, Environ. Pollution, vol. 133, no. 1, pp. 117–127, Jan. 2005.
2. T. A. Martin and M. V. Ruby, “Review of in situ remediation technologies for lead, zinc, and cadmium in soil”, Remediation J., vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 35–53, 2004.
3. J. Wantanaphong, S. J. Mooney, and E. H. Bailey, “Natural and waste materials as metal sorbents in permeable reactive barriers (PRBs)”, Environ. Chem. Lett., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 19–23, 2005.
4. I. D. Pulford and C. Watson, “Phytoremediation of heavy metal–contaminated land by trees—A review”, Environ. Int., vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 529–540, 2003.
5. J. Cleary, C. Slater, and C. McGraw et al., “An autonomous microfluidic sensor for phosphate: On-site analysis of treated wastewater”, IEEE Sensors J., vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 508–515, May 2008.
6. A. A. Ensafi and Z. N. Isfahani, “Determination of lead ions by an optical sensor based on 2-amino-cyclopentene-1-dithiocarboxylic acid”, IEEE Sensors J., vol. 7, no. 8, pp. 1112–1117, Aug. 2007.
7. M. S. R. Gomes, “Application of piezoelectric quartz crystals to the analysis of trace metals in solution: A review”, IEEE Sensors J., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 109–118, 2001.
8. K. C. Gupta and M. J. D’Arc, “Lead (II) ion selective electrodes based on diphenylmethyl-N-phenylhydroxamic acid ionophore in cyanocopolymer matrix”, IEEE Sensors J., vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 275–282, 2001.
9. A. A. Ensafi, S. Meghdadi, and A. R. Allafchian, “Highly selective potentiometric membrane sensorfor Hg(II) based on bis(benzoyl acetone) diethylene triamine”, IEEE Sensors J., vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 248–254, Mar. 2008.
10. J. Wang, Stripping Analysis: Principles, Instrumentation, and Applications. Deerfield Beach, FL: VCH Publishers, 1985.
11. A. C. V. dos Santos and J. C. Masini, “Development of a sequential injection anodic stripping voltammetry (SI-ASV) method for determination of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cu(II) in wastewater samples from coatings industry”, Anal. Bioanal. Chem., vol. 385, no. 8, pp. 1538–1544, Aug. 2006.
12. R. J. Reay, A. F. Flannery, and C. W. Storment et al., “Microfabricated electrochemical analysis system for heavy metal detection”, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., vol. 34, no. 1–3, pp. 450–455, 1996.
13. D. Desmond, B. Lane, and J. Alderman et al., “An environmental monitoring system for trace metals using stripping voltammetry”, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., vol. 48, no. 1–3, pp. 409–414, 1998.
14. J.-Y. Choi, K. Seo, and S.-R. Cho et al., “Screen-printed anodic stripping voltammetric sensor containing HgO for heavy metal analysis”, Analytica Chimica Acta, vol. 443, no. 2, pp. 241–247, 2001.
15. A. Economou andA. Voulgaropoulos, “LabVIEW-based sequential-injection analysis system for the determination of trace metals by square- wave anodic and adsorptive stripping voltammetry on mercury-film electrodes”, J. Autom. Methods Manage. Chem., vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 133–140, Nov.–Dec. 2003.
16. X.-S. Zhu, C. Gao, and J.-W. Choi et al., “On-chip generated mercury microelectrode for heavy metal ion detection”, Lab on a Chip, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 212–217, 2005.
17. Z. Zou, A. Jang, and E. MacKnight et al., “Environmentally friendly disposable sensors with microfabricated on-chip planar bismuth elec-trode for in situ heavy metal ions measurement”, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 2008, 10.1016/j.snb.2008.04.005.
18. J. Wang, J. Lu, and S. B. Hocevar et al., “Bismuth-coated carbon elec-trodes for anodic stripping voltammetry”, Anal. Chem., vol. 72, no. 14, pp. 3218–3222, 2000.
19. J. Wang, J. Lu, and S. B. Hocevar et al., “Bismuth-coated screen-printed electrodes for stripping voltammetric measurements of trace lead”, Electroanalysis, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 13–16, 2001.
20. R. Pauliukaite et al., “Characterization and applications of a bismuth bulk electrode”, Electroanalysis, vol. 16, no. 9, pp. 719–723, 2004.
21. M. Bučková et al., “Adsorptive stripping voltammetric detection of daunomycin at a bismuth bulk electrode”, Electroanalysis, vol. 17, no. 5–6, pp. 440–444, 2005.
22. A. Economou, “Bismuth-film electrodes: Recent developments and potentialities for electroanalysis”,TrAC Trends in Anal. Chem., vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 334–340, 2005.
23. L. Baldrianová, E. Tesařová, I. Švancara, and S. B. Hočevar et al., “Recent advances in anodic stripping voltammetry with bismuth–modified carbon paste electrodes”, Electroanalysis, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 177–185, 2006, rcaron, ová.
24. G. Kefala and A. Economou, “Polymer-coated bismuth film electrodes for the determination of trace metals by sequential-injection analysis/ anodic stripping voltarnmetry”, Analytica Chimica Acta, vol. 576, no. 2, pp. 283–289, Aug. 2006.
25. C. Kokkinos, A. Economou, and I. Raptis et al., “Lithographically fabricated disposable bismuth-film electrodes for the trace determination of Pb(II) and Cd(II) by anodic stripping voltammetry”, Electrochimica Acta, vol. 53, no. 16, pp. 5294–5299, 2008.
26. C. H. Ahn, C. Jin-Woo, and G. Beaucage et al., “Disposable smart lab on a chip for point-of-care clinical diagnostics”, Proc. IEEE, vol. 92, no. 1, pp. 154–173, 2004.
27. Z. Zou, S. Lee, and C. H. Ahn, “A polymer microfluidic chip with interdigitated electrodes arrays for simultaneous dielectrophoretic manipulation and impedimetric detection of microparticles”,IEEE Sensors J., vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 527–535, May 2008.
28. M. Seyama, I. Sugimoto, and T. Miyagi, “Application of an array sensor based on plasma-deposited organic film coated quartz crystal resonators to monitoring indoor volatile compounds”, IEEE Sensors J., vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 422–427, 2002.
29. S. M. Martin, F. H. Gebara, and B. J. Larivee et al., “A CMOS-integrated microinstrument for trace detection of heavy metals”, IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 40, no. 12, pp. 2777–2786, 2005.
30. G. Voskerician, L. Chung-Chiun, and J. M. Anderson, “Electrochemical characterization and in vivo biocompatibility of a thick-film printed sensor for continuous in vivo monitoring”, IEEE Sensors J., vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 1147–1158, 2005.
31. M. Blaschke, T. Tille, and P. Robertson et al., “MEMS gas-sensor array for monitoring the perceived car-cabin air quality”, IEEE Sensors J., vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 1298–1308, May 2006.
32. C. A. Mills, K. T. C. Chai, and M. J. Milgrew et al., “A multiplexed impedance analyzer for characterizing polymer-coated QCM sensor arrays”, IEEE Sensors J., vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 996–1002, Apr. 2006.
33. H. Xueliang and M. Ghovanloo, “A wireless pharmaceutical compliance monitoring system based on magneto-inductive sensors”, IEEE Sensors J., vol. 7, no. 12, pp. 1711–1719, 2007.
34. X. Yanming, L. Changzhi, and L. Jenshan, “A portable noncontact heartbeat and respiration monitoring system using 5-GHz radar”, IEEE Sensors J., vol. 7, no. 7, pp. 1042–1043, Jul. 2007.
35. N. Kularatna and B. H. Sudantha, “An environmental air pollution monitoring system based on the IEEE 1451 Standard for low cost requirements”, IEEE Sensors J., vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 415–422, Apr. 2008.
36. M. Venugopal, K. E. Feuvrel, and D. Mongin et al., “Clinical evaluation of a novel interstitial fluid sensor system for remote continuous alcohol monitoring”, IEEE Sensors J., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 71–80, Jan. 2008.
37. B. Hong, J. Kai, and Y. Ren et al., “Highly sensitive rapid, reliable, and automatic cardiovascular disease diagnosis with nanoparticle fluorescence enhancer and MEMS”, Oxygen Transport to Tissue Xxix, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, pp. 265–273, 2008.
38. Z.Hu, C.J. Seliskar, and W. R. Heineman, “PAN-incorporated Nafion- modified spectroscopic graphite electrodes for voltammetric stripping determination of lead”, Analytica Chimica Acta, vol. 369, no. 1–2, pp. 93–101, 1998.