Single low dose primaquine to reduce gametocyte carriage and Plasmodium falciparum transmission after artemetherlumefantrine in children with asymptomatic infection: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

BMC Medicine

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2016, Pages

  Gonçalves, Bronner P ^a   Tiono, Alfred B ^b   Ouédraogo, Alphonse ^b   Guelbéogo, Wamdaogo M ^b   Bradley, John ^a   Nebie, Issa ^b   Siaka, Débé ^b   Lanke, Kjerstin ^c   Eziefula, Alice C ^a   Diarra, Amidou ^b   Pett, Helmi ^c   Bougouma, Edith C ^b   Sirima, Sodiomon B ^b   Drakeley, Chris ^a   Bousema, Teun ^c  

^a LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

^b Burkina Faso   (Burkina Faso)

^c RADBOUD UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Artemisinin based combination therapies; Gametocytes; Malaria; Primaquine; Transmission

Indexed keywords

ARTEMETHER PLUS BENFLUMETOL; MESSENGER RNA; PLACEBO; PRIMAQUINE; ANTIMALARIAL AGENT; ARTEMETHER; ARTEMISININ DERIVATIVE; BENFLUMETOL; ETHANOLAMINE DERIVATIVE; FLUORENE DERIVATIVE;

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; ASYMPTOMATIC INFECTION; CHILD; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG MEGADOSE; FEMALE; GAMETOCYTE; HUMAN; LOW DRUG DOSE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALARIA FALCIPARUM; MALE; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PARASITE TRANSMISSION; PARASITEMIA; PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; SINGLE DRUG DOSE; COMBINATION DRUG THERAPY; INFANT; MALARIA, FALCIPARUM; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PREVALENCE;

ANTIMALARIALS; ARTEMISININS; ASYMPTOMATIC INFECTIONS; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; ETHANOLAMINES; FEMALE; FLUORENES; HUMANS; INFANT; MALARIA, FALCIPARUM; MALE; PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PREVALENCE; PRIMAQUINE;

EID: 85007413383     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17417015     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/s12916-016-0581-y     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Bousema T, Drakeley C. Epidemiology and infectivity of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax gametocytes in relation to malaria control and elimination. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2011;24(2):377-410.
2. WHO. Guidelines for the treatment of malaria. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
3. Sutherland CJ, Ord R, Dunyo S, Jawara M, Drakeley CJ, Alexander N, et al. Reduction of malaria transmission to Anopheles mosquitoes with a six-dose regimen of co-artemether. PLoS Med. 2005;2(4):e92.
4. Bousema JT, Schneider P, Gouagna LC, Drakeley CJ, Tostmann A, Houben R, et al. Moderate effect of artemisinin-based combination therapy on transmission of Plasmodium falciparum. J Infect Dis. 2006;193(8):1151-9.
5. Targett G, Drakeley C, Jawara M, von Seidlein L, Coleman R, Deen J, et al. Artesunate reduces but does not prevent posttreatment transmission of Plasmodium falciparum to Anopheles gambiae. J Infect Dis. 2001;183(8):1254-9.
6. Sawa P, Shekalaghe SA, Drakeley CJ, Sutherland CJ, Mweresa CK, Baidjoe AY, et al. Malaria transmission after artemether-lumefantrine and dihydroartemisininpiperaquine: a randomized trial. J Infect Dis. 2013;207(11):1637-45.
7. Chen I, Poirot E, Newman M, Kandula D, Shah R, Hwang J, et al. An assessment of the supply, programmatic use, and regulatory issues of single low-dose primaquine as a Plasmodium falciparum gametocytocide for sub-Saharan Africa. Malar J. 2015;14:204.
8. WHO. Updated WHO policy recommendation (October 2012): single dose primaquine as a gametocytocide in Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2012.
9. Ashley EA, Recht J, White NJ. Primaquine: the risks and the benefits. Malar J. 2014;13:418.
10. Eziefula AC, Bousema T, Yeung S, Kamya M, Owaraganise A, Gabagaya G, et al. Single dose primaquine for clearance of Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes in children with uncomplicated malaria in Uganda: a randomised, controlled, double-blind, dose-ranging trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2014;14(2):130-9.
11. Shekalaghe SA, ter Braak R, Daou M, Kavishe R, van den Bijllaardt W, van den Bosch S, et al. In Tanzania, hemolysis after a single dose of primaquine coadministered with an artemisinin is not restricted to glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient (G6PD A-) individuals. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010;54(5):1762-8.
12. White NJ, Ashley EA, Recht J, Delves MJ, Ruecker A, Smithuis FM, et al. Assessment of therapeutic responses to gametocytocidal drugs in Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Malar J. 2014;13(1):483.
13. Stone W, Goncalves BP, Bousema T, Drakeley C. Assessing the infectious reservoir of falciparum malaria: past and future. Trends Parasitol. 2015;31(7):287-96.
14. Slater HC, Ross A, Ouedraogo AL, White LJ, Nguon C, Walker PG, et al. Assessing the impact of next-generation rapid diagnostic tests on Plasmodium falciparum malaria elimination strategies. Nature. 2015; 528(7580):S94-101.
15. Dondorp AM, Fairhurst RM, Slutsker L, Macarthur JR, Breman JG, Guerin PJ, et al. The threat of artemisinin-resistant malaria. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(12):1073-5.
16. Ouedraogo A, Tiono AB, Diarra A, Sanon S, Yaro JB, Ouedraogo E, et al. Malaria morbidity in high and seasonal malaria transmission area of Burkina Faso. PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e50036.
17. Ashley EA, Stepniewska K, Lindegardh N, Annerberg A, Kham A, Brockman A, et al. How much fat is necessary to optimize lumefantrine oral bioavailability? Trop Med Int Health. 2007;12(2):195-200.
18. Schneider P, Schoone G, Schallig H, Verhage D, Telgt D, Eling W, et al. Quantification of Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes in differential stages of development by quantitative nucleic acid sequence-based amplification. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 2004;137(1):35-41.
19. Wampfler R, Mwingira F, Javati S, Robinson L, Betuela I, Siba P, et al. Strategies for detection of Plasmodium species gametocytes. PLoS One. 2013;8(9):e76316.
20. Ouédraogo AL, Guelbéogo WM, Cohuet A, Morlais I, King JG, Gonçalves BP, Bastiaens GJ, Vaanhold M, Sattabongkot J, Wu Y et al. A protocol for membrane feeding assays to determine the infectiousness of P. falciparum naturally infected individuals to Anopheles gambiae. Malar World J. 2013; 4(16):1-4.
21. Bousema T, Okell L, Shekalaghe S, Griffin JT, Omar S, Sawa P, et al. Revisiting the circulation time of Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes: molecular detection methods to estimate the duration of gametocyte carriage and the effect of gametocytocidal drugs. Malar J. 2010;9:136.
22. Churcher TS, Bousema T, Walker M, Drakeley C, Schneider P, Ouedraogo AL, et al. Predicting mosquito infection from Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte density and estimating the reservoir of infection. Elife. 2013;2:e00626.
23. Schneider P, Reece SE, van Schaijk BC, Bousema T, Lanke KH, Meaden CS, et al. Quantification of female and male Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes by reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 2015;199(1-2):29-33.
24. Bolscher JM, Koolen KM, van Gemert GJ, van de Vegte-Bolmer MG, Bousema T, Leroy D, et al. A combination of new screening assays for prioritization of transmission-blocking antimalarials reveals distinct dynamics of marketed and experimental drugs. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2015;70(5):1357-66.
25. Delves MJ, Ruecker A, Straschil U, Lelievre J, Marques S, Lopez-Barragan MJ, et al. Male and female Plasmodium falciparum mature gametocytes show different responses to antimalarial drugs. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2013;57(7):3268-74.
26. Paul RE, Brey PT, Robert V. Plasmodium sex determination and transmission to mosquitoes. Trends Parasitol. 2002;18(1):32-8.
27. Robert V, Read AF, Essong J, Tchuinkam T, Mulder B, Verhave JP, et al. Effect of gametocyte sex ratio on infectivity of Plasmodium falciparum to Anopheles gambiae. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1996;90(6):621-4.
28. Bousema T, Dinglasan RR, Morlais I, Gouagna LC, van Warmerdam T, Awono-Ambene PH, et al. Mosquito feeding assays to determine the infectiousness of naturally infected Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte carriers. PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e42821.
29. Harris C, Morlais I, Churcher TS, Awono-Ambene P, Gouagna LC, Dabire RK, et al. Plasmodium falciparum produce lower infection intensities in local versus foreign Anopheles gambiae populations. PLoS One. 2012;7(1):e30849.
30. Adjalley SH, Johnston GL, Li T, Eastman RT, Ekland EH, Eappen AG, et al. Quantitative assessment of Plasmodium falciparum sexual development reveals potent transmission-blocking activity by methylene blue. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011;108(47):E1214-23.
31. White NJ, Qiao LG, Qi G, Luzzatto L. Rationale for recommending a lower dose of primaquine as a Plasmodium falciparum gametocytocide in populations where G6PD deficiency is common. Malar J. 2012;11:418.
32. Gerardin J, Eckhoff P, Wenger EA. Mass campaigns with antimalarial drugs: a modelling comparison of artemether-lumefantrine and DHA-piperaquine with and without primaquine as tools for malaria control and elimination. BMC Infect Dis. 2015;15:144.