Traditional chinese exercise for cardiovascular diseases: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Journal of the American Heart Association

Volumn 5, Issue 3, 2015, Pages

  Wang, Xue Qiang ^a,b   Pi, Yan Ling ^c   Chen, Pei Jie ^a   Liu, Yu ^a   Wang, Ru ^a   Li, Xin ^a   Chen, Bing Lin ^a   Zhu, Yi ^d   Yang, Yu Jie ^e   Niu, Zhan Bin ^a  

^a SHANGHAI UNIVERSITY OF SPORT   (China)

^b Shanghai Shangti Orthopedics Hospital   (China)

^c SHANGHAI PUNAN HOSPITAL   (China)

^d Rehabilitation Therapy Center   (China)

^e NANJING UNIVERSITY OF CHINESE MEDICINE   (China)

Author keywords

Cardiovascular disease; Exercise; Meta analysis; Rehabilitation

Indexed keywords

BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; LIPID;

ARTICLE; BADUANJIN; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE ASSESSMENT; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; DEPRESSION; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; EXERCISE; EXERCISE TEST; HEART RATE; HUMAN; META ANALYSIS; MINNESOTA LIVING WITH HEART FAILURE QUESTIONNAIRE; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PHYSICAL CAPACITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROFILE OF MOOD STATES; QIGONG; QUALITY OF LIFE; QUALITY OF LIFE ASSESSMENT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); SHORT FORM 36; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; TAI CHI; TRADITIONAL CHINESE EXERCISE; BLOOD; BLOOD PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CHI SQUARE DISTRIBUTION; CHINESE MEDICINE; EXERCISE TOLERANCE; HEALTH STATUS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PSYCHOLOGY; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

BIOMARKERS; BLOOD PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CHI-SQUARE DISTRIBUTION; DEPRESSION; EXERCISE TOLERANCE; HEALTH STATUS; HUMANS; LIPIDS; MEDICINE, CHINESE TRADITIONAL; QUALITY OF LIFE; TAI JI; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 85006220593     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20479980     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.115.002562     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Lim SS, Vos T, Flaxman AD, Danaei G, Shibuya K, Adair-Rohani H, Amann M, Anderson HR, Andrews KG, Aryee M, Atkinson C, Bacchus LJ, Bahalim AN, Balakrishnan K, Balmes J, Barker-Collo S, Baxter A, Bell ML, Blore JD, Blyth F, Bonner C, Borges G, Bourne R, Boussinesq M, Brauer M, Brooks P, Bruce NG, Brunekreef B, Bryan-Hancock C, Bucello C, Buchbinder R, Bull F, Burnett RT, Byers TE, Calabria B, Carapetis J, Carnahan E, Chafe Z, Charlson F, Chen H, Chen JS, Cheng AT, Child JC, Cohen A, Colson KE, Cowie BC, Darby S, Darling S, Davis A, Degenhardt L, Dentener F, Des Jarlais DC, Devries K, Dherani M, Ding EL, Dorsey ER, Driscoll T, Edmond K, Ali SE, Engell RE, Erwin PJ, Fahimi S,Falder G, Farzadfar F, Ferrari A, Finucane MM, Flaxman S, Fowkes FG, Freedman G, Freeman MK, Gakidou E, Ghosh S, Giovannucci E, Gmel G, Graham K, Grainger R, Grant B, Gunnell D, Gutierrez HR, Hall W, Hoek HW, Hogan A, Hosgood HD III, Hoy D, Hu H, Hubbell BJ, Hutchings SJ, Ibeanusi SE, Jacklyn GL, Jasrasaria R, Jonas JB, Kan H, Kanis JA, Kassebaum N, Kawakami N, Khang YH, Khatibzadeh S, Khoo JP, Kok C, Laden F, Lalloo R, Lan Q, Lathlean T, Leasher JL, Leigh J, Li Y, Lin JK, Lipshultz SE, London S, Lozano R, Lu Y, Mak J, Malekzadeh R, Mallinger L, Marcenes W, March L, Marks R, Martin R, McGale P, McGrath J, Mehta S, Mensah GA, Merriman TR, Micha R, Michaud C, Mishra V, Mohd Hanafiah K, Mokdad AA, Morawska L, Mozaffarian D, Murphy T, Naghavi M, Neal B, Nelson PK, Nolla JM, Norman R, Olives C, Omer SB, Orchard J, Osborne R, Ostro B, Page A, Pandey KD, Parry CD, Passmore E, Patra J, Pearce N, Pelizzari PM, Petzold M, Phillips MR, Pope D, Pope CA III, Powles J, Rao M, Razavi H, Rehfuess EA, Rehm JT, Ritz B, Rivara FP, Roberts T, Robinson C, Rodriguez-Portales JA, Romieu I, Room R, Rosenfeld LC, Roy A, Rushton L, Salomon JA, Sampson U, Sanchez-Riera L, Sanman E, Sapkota A, Seedat S, Shi P, Shield K, Shivakoti R, Singh GM, Sleet DA, Smith E, Smith KR, Stapelberg NJ, Steenland K, Stöckl H, Stovner LJ, Straif K, Straney L, Thurston GD, Tran JH, Van Dingenen R, van Donkelaar A, Veerman JL. A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study Lancet. 2012;380:2224-2260.
2. Taylor-Piliae RE. Tai Ji Quan as an exercise modality to prevent and manage cardiovascular disease: a review. J Sport Health Sci. 2014;3:43-51.
3. World Health Organization. Global Atlas on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2011.
4. Kohl HW III, Craig CL, Lambert EV, Inoue S, Alkandari JR, Leetongin G, Kahlmeier S; Lancet Physical Activity Series Working Group. The pandemic of physical inactivity: global action for public health. Lancet. 2012;380:294- 305.
5. Li L. The financial burden of physical inactivity. J Sport Health Sci. 2014;3:58- 59.
6. Vasconcellos F, Seabra A, Katzmarzyk PT, Kraemer-Aguiar LG, Bouskela E, Farinatti P. Physical activity in overweight and obese adolescents: systematic review of the effects on physical fitness components and cardiovascular risk factors. Sports Med. 2014;44:1139-1152.
7. Dimeo F, Pagonas N, Seibert F, Arndt R, Zidek W, Westhoff TH. Aerobic exercise reduces blood pressure in resistant hypertension. Hypertension. 2012;60:653-658.
8. Kendall KL, Fairman CM. Women and exercise in aging. J Sport Health Sci. 2014;3:170-178.
9. Guo YC, Qiu PX, Liu TG. Tai Ji Quan: an overview of its history, health benefits, and cultural value. J Sport Health Sci. 2014;3:3-8.
10. Chan JS, Ho RT, Chung KF, Wang CW, Yao TJ, Ng SM, Chan CL. Qigong exercise alleviates fatigue, anxiety, and depressive symptoms, improves sleep quality, and shortens sleep latency in persons with chronic fatigue syndrome-like illness. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:106048.
11. Cheng FK. Effects of Baduanjin on mental health: a comprehensive review. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2015;19:138-149.
12. Li FZ, Harmer PA. Tai Ji Quan: from traditional applications to contemporary practice. J Sport Health Sci. 2014;3:1-2.
13. Stevens JA, Voukelatos A, Ehrenreich H. Preventing falls with Tai Ji Quan: a public health perspective. J Sport Health Sci. 2014;3:21-26.
14. Hartley L, Flowers N, Lee MS, Ernst E, Rees K. Tai Chi for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;4:CD010366.
15. Jiang Y, Zou J. Analysis of the TCM theory of traditional Chinese health exercise. J Sport Health Sci. 2013;2:204-208.
16. Winters-Stone K. Tai Ji Quan for the aging cancer survivor: mitigating the accelerated development of disability, falls, and cardiovascular disease from cancer treatment. J Sport Health Sci. 2014;3:52-57.
17. Lan C, Su TC, Chen SY, Lai JS. Effect of T'ai Chi Chuan training on cardiovascular risk factors in dyslipidemic patients. J Altern Complement Med. 2008;14:813-819.
18. Chan CL, Wang CW, Ho RT, Ho AH, Ziea ET, Taam Wong VC, Ng SM. A systematic review of the effectiveness of Qigong exercise in cardiac rehabilitation. Am J Chin Med. 2012;40:255-267.
19. Higgins JP, Altman DG, Gøtzsche PC, Jüni P, Moher D, Oxman AD, Savovic J, Schulz KF, Weeks L, Sterne JA; Cochrane Bias Methods Group; Cochrane Statistical Methods Group. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ. 2011;343:d5928.
20. Higgins JPT, Green S. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2011.
21. Barrow DE, Bedford A, Ives G, O'Toole L, Channer KS. An evaluation of the effects of Tai Chi Chuan and Chi Kung training in patients with symptomatic heart failure: a randomised controlled pilot study. Postgrad Med J. 2007;83:717-721.
22. Blake H, Batson M. Exercise intervention in brain injury: a pilot randomized study of Tai Chi Qigong. Clin Rehabil. 2009;23:589-598.
23. Cai W. Influence of sitting Baduanjin on quality of life of cerebral apoplexypatients with sequela in community. Chin Nurs Res. 2010;24:2667- 2668.
24. Caminiti G, Volterrani M, Marazzi G, Cerrito A, Massaro R, Arisi A, Franchini A, Sposato B, Rosano G. Tai Chi enhances the effects of endurance training in the rehabilitation of elderly patients with chronic heart failure. Rehabil Res Pract. 2011;2011:761958.
25. Channer KS, Barrow D, Barrow R, Osborne M, Ives G. Changes in haemodynamic parameters following Tai Chi Chuan and aerobic exercise in patients recovering from acute myocardial infarction. Postgrad Med J. 1996;72:349-351.
26. Chen XX, Lv HQ. Effects of Taijiquan exercise on hypertension patients. NO consistency in plasma, the activity of RBC Na+- K+ ATPase and Ca2+- Mg2+ ATPase. J Beijing Sport Univ. 2006;29:1359-1361.
27. Chen FZ, Lv QB. Effect of Tai Chi exercise on blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Today Nurse. 2013;4:18-19.
28. Chen JF. Effect of Tai Chi exercise on blood lipid for elderly patients with coronary heart disease. Guide China Med. 2013;11:583-584.
29. Cheung BM, Lo JL, Fong DY, Chan MY, Wong SH, Wong VC, Lam KS, Lau CP, Karlberg JP. Randomised controlled trial of Qigong in the treatment of mild essential hypertension. J Hum Hypertens. 2005;19:697-704.
30. Ding FM, Wang JH, Wang XK, Guan MD. Effect of Tai Chi exercise and running for patients with post- percutaneous coronary intervention in short term. Chin J Clin Res. 2013;26:126-127.
31. Gemmell C, Leathem JM. A study investigating the effects of Tai Chi Chuan: individuals with traumatic brain injury compared to controls. Brain Inj. 2006;20:151-156.
32. Hart J, Kanner H, Gilboa-Mayo R, Haroeh-Peer O, Rozenthul-Sorokin N, Eldar R. Tai Chi Chuan practice in community-dwelling persons after stroke. Int J Rehabil Res. 2004;27:303-304.
33. Lee MS, Choi ES, Chung HT. Effects of Qigong on blood pressure, blood pressure determinants and ventilatory function in middle-aged patients with essential hypertension. Am J Chin Med. 2003;31:489-497.
34. Lee MS, Kim HJ, Moon SR. Qigong reduced blood pressure and catecholamine levels of patients with essential hypertension. Int J Neurosci. 2003;113:1691- 1701.
35. Lee MS, Lee MS, Kim HJ, Choi ES. Effects of Qigong on blood pressure, highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol and other lipid levels in essential hypertension patients. Int J Neurosci. 2004;114:777-786.
36. Li YL, Hu XJ, Cui LN. Clinical observation on sitting Tai Chi exercise used for 30 cases of patients with depression after stroke. Chin Nurs Res. 2012;26:2254- 2256.
37. Lin XL, Chen JW, Zhang GQ, Zhao JY, Tang C. Effects of Baduanjin on quality of life for patients after coronary artery bypass grafting. J Nurs (China). 2012;19:63-67.
38. Luo H. Effects of Tai Chi exercise and drug for hypertension: a randomized controlled trial. Chin Med Herald. 2006;3:43-44.
39. Mao HN, Sha P. Effect of Tai Chi exercise on blood pressure, plasma nitrogenmonoxidum and endothelin in hypertensive patients. Chin J Clin Rehabil. 2006;10:65-67.
40. Ning J, Shen GY, Su JY, Ju SQ, Zhu ZJ. Effect of Tai Chi exercise on ischemia modified albumin for patients with coronary heart disease. Chongqing Med. 2010;39:320-322.
41. Pan HS, Feng YZ. Clinical observation of Baduanjin exercise for patients with hypertension. J Nanjing Inst Phys Educ (Nat Sci). 2010;9:4-6.
42. Sato S, Makita S, Uchida R, Ishihara S, Masuda M. Effect of Tai Chi training on baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability in patients with coronary heart disease. Int Heart J. 2010;51:238-241.
43. Taylor-Piliae RE, Coull BM. Community-based Yang-style Tai Chi is safe and feasible in chronic stroke: a pilot study. Clin Rehabil. 2012;26:121-131.
44. Tsai JC, Wang WH, Chan P, Lin LJ, Wang CH, Tomlinson B, Hsieh MH, Yang HY, Liu JC. The beneficial effects of Tai Chi Chuan on blood pressure and lipid profile and anxiety status in a randomized controlled trial. J Altern Complement Med. 2003;9:747-754.
45. Wang CX, Xu DH, Qian YS, Zhao GS, Kuang AF. Effects of Qigong on highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol for patients with hypertensiona randomized controlled trial. Chin J Integr Med. 1989;9:514-516.
46. Wang W, Sawada M, Noriyama Y, Arita K, Ota T, Sadamatsu M, Kiyotou R, Hirai M, Kishimoto T. Tai Chi exercise versus rehabilitation for the elderly with cerebral vascular disorder: a single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Psychogeriatrics. 2010;10:160-166.
47. Wang L, Zhou QA, Xu JG, Yang LJ, Yang B, Du HX. Effects of Tai Chi exercise on depression in patients with stroke. China Community Physicians. 2012;14:222.
48. Wang XK, Zhang XL, Ding FM, Jiang WQ. Effects of Tai Chi exercise on quality of life and NT-proBNP in patients with STEMI. Guide China Med. 2013;11:659- 661.
49. Yao CD, Li F, Ma YB. Effects of shadow boxing on rehabilitation in patients with chronic heart failure. Chin J Cardiovasc Rehabil Med. 2010;19:364-367.
50. Yeh GY, Wood MJ, Lorell BH, Stevenson LW, Eisenberg DM, Wayne PM, Goldberger AL, Davis RB, Phillips RS. Effects of Tai Chi mind-body movement therapy on functional status and exercise capacity in patients with chronic heart failure: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Med. 2004;117:541-548.
51. Yeh GY, Mietus JE, Peng CK, Phillips RS, Davis RB, Wayne PM, Goldberger AL, Thomas RJ. Enhancement of sleep stability with Tai Chi exercise in chronic heart failure: preliminary findings using an ECG-based spectrogram method. Sleep Med. 2008;9:527-536.
52. Yeh GY, McCarthy EP, Wayne PM, Stevenson LW, Wood MJ, Forman D, Davis RB, Phillips RS. Tai Chi exercise in patients with chronic heart failure: a randomized clinical trial. Arch Intern Med. 2011;171:750-757.
53. Yeh GY, Wood MJ, Wayne PM, Quilty MT, Stevenson LW, Davis RB, Phillips RS, Forman DE. Tai Chi in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Congest Heart Fail. 2013;19:77-84.
54. Yu HL. Clinical observation of Baduanjin exercise used for 104 cases of hypertension patients with obesity. Chin J Clin. 2013;41:47-48.
55. Zhang JF, Ai J. Effects of Baduanjin and drug therapy on quality of life in elderly patients with hypertension. Chin J Trauma Disabil Med. 2013;21:179-180.
56. Yeh GY, Wang C, Wayne PM, Phillips R. Tai Chi exercise for patients with cardiovascular conditions and risk factors: a systematic review. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2009;29:152-160.
57. Dalusung-Angosta A. The impact of Tai Chi exercise on coronary heart disease: a systematic review. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2011;23:376-381.
58. Ding M. Tai Chi for stroke rehabilitation: a focused review. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2012;91:1091-1096.
59. Law MR, Morris JK, Wald NJ. Use of blood pressure lowering drugs in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: meta-analysis of 147 randomised trials in the context of expectations from prospective epidemiological studies. BMJ. 2009;338:b1665.
60. Wald NJ, Law MR. A strategy to reduce cardiovascular disease by more than 80%. BMJ. 2003;326:1419.
61. Jahnke R, Larkey L, Rogers C, Etnier J, Lin F. A comprehensive review of health benefits of Qigong and Tai Chi. Am J Health Promot. 2010;24:e1-e25.
62. CONSORT GROUP (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials). The CONSORT statement: revised recommendations for improving the quality of reports of parallel-group randomized trials. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:657-662.