메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 150, Issue , 2017, Pages 113-120

Patient engagement: What partnering with patient in research is all about

Author keywords

Clinical trials; Engagement; Patient centred care; Patients; Research

Indexed keywords

EVALUATION STUDY; HUMAN; MEDICAL RESEARCH; PATIENT ENGAGEMENT; PATIENT PARTICIPATION; PATIENT SELECTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); COMPLICATION; PROCEDURES;

EID: 85005808132     PISSN: 00493848     EISSN: 18792472     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2016.10.029     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (107)

References (65)
  • 2
    • 85010722080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Health Organization Declaration of Alma-Ata
    • (accessed on July 3, 2016)
    • [2] World Health Organization Declaration of Alma-Ata. http://www.who.int/en/ (accessed on July 3, 2016).
  • 3
    • 0030034463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient-centered medicine. A professional evolution
    • [3] Laine, C., Davidoff, F., Patient-centered medicine. A professional evolution. JAMA 275:2 (1996), 152–156.
    • (1996) JAMA , vol.275 , Issue.2 , pp. 152-156
    • Laine, C.1    Davidoff, F.2
  • 4
    • 84880007361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shared decision making
    • [4] Lipkin, M., Shared decision making. JAMA Intern. Med. 173:13 (2013), 1204–1205.
    • (2013) JAMA Intern. Med. , vol.173 , Issue.13 , pp. 1204-1205
    • Lipkin, M.1
  • 5
    • 84897615173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involving patients in setting priorities for healthcare improvement: a cluster randomized trial
    • [5] Boivin, A., Lehoux, P., Lacombe, R., Burgers, J., Grol, R., Involving patients in setting priorities for healthcare improvement: a cluster randomized trial. Implement. Sci., 9, 2014, 24.
    • (2014) Implement. Sci. , vol.9 , pp. 24
    • Boivin, A.1    Lehoux, P.2    Lacombe, R.3    Burgers, J.4    Grol, R.5
  • 7
    • 84856785571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient values and preferences in decision making for antithrombotic therapy: a systematic review: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines
    • [7] MacLean, S., Mulla, S., Akl, E.A., Jankowski, M., Vandvik, P.O., Ebrahim, S., McLeod, S., Bhatnagar, N., Guyatt, G.H., Patient values and preferences in decision making for antithrombotic therapy: a systematic review: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest 141:2 Suppl (2012), e1S–23S.
    • (2012) Chest , vol.141 , Issue.2 , pp. e1S-23S
    • MacLean, S.1    Mulla, S.2    Akl, E.A.3    Jankowski, M.4    Vandvik, P.O.5    Ebrahim, S.6    McLeod, S.7    Bhatnagar, N.8    Guyatt, G.H.9
  • 9
    • 33646561898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategies and goals of community-based injury prevention programmes–a mixed-methods study of 25 Scandinavian WHO Safe Communities
    • [9] Nilsen, P., Hudson, D., Gabrielsson, F., Lindqvist, K., Strategies and goals of community-based injury prevention programmes–a mixed-methods study of 25 Scandinavian WHO Safe Communities. Int. J. Inj. Control Saf. Promot. 13:1 (2006), 27–33.
    • (2006) Int. J. Inj. Control Saf. Promot. , vol.13 , Issue.1 , pp. 27-33
    • Nilsen, P.1    Hudson, D.2    Gabrielsson, F.3    Lindqvist, K.4
  • 12
    • 84874781514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rx for the ‘blockbuster drug’ of patient engagement
    • [12] Dentzer, S., Rx for the ‘blockbuster drug’ of patient engagement. Health Aff (Millwood), 32(2), 2013, 202.
    • (2013) Health Aff (Millwood) , vol.32 , Issue.2 , pp. 202
    • Dentzer, S.1
  • 13
    • 33747879240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patients and professionals as research partners: challenges, practicalities, and benefits
    • [13] Hewlett, S., Wit, M., Richards, P., Quest, E., Hughes, R., Heiberg, T., Kirwan, J., Patients and professionals as research partners: challenges, practicalities, and benefits. Arthritis Rheum. 55:4 (2006), 676–680.
    • (2006) Arthritis Rheum. , vol.55 , Issue.4 , pp. 676-680
    • Hewlett, S.1    Wit, M.2    Richards, P.3    Quest, E.4    Hughes, R.5    Heiberg, T.6    Kirwan, J.7
  • 14
    • 68249103874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative effectiveness research: a report from the Institute of Medicine
    • [14] Sox, H.C., Greenfield, S., Comparative effectiveness research: a report from the Institute of Medicine. Ann. Intern. Med. 151:3 (2009), 203–205.
    • (2009) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.151 , Issue.3 , pp. 203-205
    • Sox, H.C.1    Greenfield, S.2
  • 15
    • 84874773412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute is engaging patients and others in shaping its research agenda
    • [15] Fleurence, R., Selby, J.V., Odom-Walker, K., Hunt, G., Meltzer, D., Slutsky, J.R., Yancy, C., How the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute is engaging patients and others in shaping its research agenda. Health Aff (Millwood) 32:2 (2013), 393–400.
    • (2013) Health Aff (Millwood) , vol.32 , Issue.2 , pp. 393-400
    • Fleurence, R.1    Selby, J.V.2    Odom-Walker, K.3    Hunt, G.4    Meltzer, D.5    Slutsky, J.R.6    Yancy, C.7
  • 17
    • 79959784714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative effectiveness research and patients with multiple chronic conditions
    • [17] Tinetti, M.E., Studenski, S.A., Comparative effectiveness research and patients with multiple chronic conditions. N. Engl. J. Med. 364:26 (2011), 2478–2481.
    • (2011) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.364 , Issue.26 , pp. 2478-2481
    • Tinetti, M.E.1    Studenski, S.A.2
  • 18
    • 67649649676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Avoidable waste in the production and reporting of research evidence
    • [18] Chalmers, I., Glasziou, P., Avoidable waste in the production and reporting of research evidence. Lancet 374:9683 (2009), 86–89.
    • (2009) Lancet , vol.374 , Issue.9683 , pp. 86-89
    • Chalmers, I.1    Glasziou, P.2
  • 19
    • 84914707674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research (SPOR) Patient Engagement Framework. Putting Patients First
    • (accessed on July 7, 2016)
    • [19] Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research (SPOR) Patient Engagement Framework. Putting Patients First. http://www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/documents/spor_framework-en.pdf (accessed on July 7, 2016).
  • 20
    • 84928348215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developing Training and Support for Public Involvement in Research
    • INVOLVE Eastleigh
    • [20] INVOLVE, Developing Training and Support for Public Involvement in Research. 2012, INVOLVE, Eastleigh.
    • (2012)
    • INVOLVE1
  • 22
    • 85010739844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CIHR's Citizen Engagement Handbook
    • (Accessed on July 1, 2016)
    • [22] CIHR's Citizen Engagement Handbook. http://www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/documents/ce_handbook_e.pdf (Accessed on July 1, 2016).
  • 23
  • 24
    • 85010737932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • INVOLVE Deliberative Public Engagement: Nine Principles
    • (accessed on July 7, 2016)
    • [24] INVOLVE Deliberative Public Engagement: Nine Principles. http://www.involve.org.uk//wp-content/uploads/2011/03/Deliberative-public-engagement-nine-principles.pdf (accessed on July 7, 2016).
  • 25
    • 84874187001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Briefing Notes for Researchers: Involving the Public in NHS, Public Health and Social Care Research
    • [25] Hayes HBSTM, Involve, Briefing Notes for Researchers: Involving the Public in NHS, Public Health and Social Care Research. 2012, 2012.
    • (2012) , pp. 2012
    • Hayes HBSTM1    Involve2
  • 26
    • 85010787425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Engaging patients and consumers in research evidence: applying the conceptual model of patient and family engagement
    • [26] Carman, K.L., Workman, T.A., Engaging patients and consumers in research evidence: applying the conceptual model of patient and family engagement. Patient Educ. Couns., 2016.
    • (2016) Patient Educ. Couns.
    • Carman, K.L.1    Workman, T.A.2
  • 27
    • 85010771573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health Innovation Report. Raising the Bar on Health System Performance, Report #8: Patients as Partners
    • (accessed on July 7, 2016)
    • [27] Health Innovation Report. Raising the Bar on Health System Performance, Report #8: Patients as Partners. http://www.healthinnovationforum.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Patients-as-partners_2015.pdf (accessed on July 7, 2016).
  • 28
    • 80051560596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient-expert partnerships in research: how to stimulate inclusion of patient perspectives
    • [28] Elberse, J.E., Caron-Flinterman, J.F., Broerse, J.E., Patient-expert partnerships in research: how to stimulate inclusion of patient perspectives. Health Expect. 14:3 (2011), 225–239.
    • (2011) Health Expect. , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 225-239
    • Elberse, J.E.1    Caron-Flinterman, J.F.2    Broerse, J.E.3
  • 30
    • 84865401007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can the impact of public involvement on research be evaluated? A mixed methods study
    • [30] Barber, R., Boote, J.D., Parry, G.D., Cooper, C.L., Yeeles, P., Cook, S., Can the impact of public involvement on research be evaluated? A mixed methods study. Health Expect. 15:3 (2011), 229–241.
    • (2011) Health Expect. , vol.15 , Issue.3 , pp. 229-241
    • Barber, R.1    Boote, J.D.2    Parry, G.D.3    Cooper, C.L.4    Yeeles, P.5    Cook, S.6
  • 31
    • 84855909579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The GRIPP checklist: strengthening the quality of patient and public involvement reporting in research
    • [31] Staniszewska, S., Brett, J., Mockford, C., Barber, R., The GRIPP checklist: strengthening the quality of patient and public involvement reporting in research. Int. J. Technol. Assess. Health Care 27:4 (2011), 391–399.
    • (2011) Int. J. Technol. Assess. Health Care , vol.27 , Issue.4 , pp. 391-399
    • Staniszewska, S.1    Brett, J.2    Mockford, C.3    Barber, R.4
  • 32
    • 84925934320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping the impact of patient and public involvement on health and social care research: a systematic review
    • [32] Brett, J., Staniszewska, S., Mockford, C., Herron-Marx, S., Hughes, J., Tysall, C., Suleman, R., Mapping the impact of patient and public involvement on health and social care research: a systematic review. Health Expect. 17:5 (2012), 637–650.
    • (2012) Health Expect. , vol.17 , Issue.5 , pp. 637-650
    • Brett, J.1    Staniszewska, S.2    Mockford, C.3    Herron-Marx, S.4    Hughes, J.5    Tysall, C.6    Suleman, R.7
  • 33
    • 84939871704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review of stakeholder engagement in comparative effectiveness and patient-centered outcomes research
    • [33] Concannon, T.W., Fuster, M., Saunders, T., Patel, K., Wong, J.B., Leslie, L.K., Lau, J., A systematic review of stakeholder engagement in comparative effectiveness and patient-centered outcomes research. J. Gen. Intern. Med. 29:12 (2014), 1692–1701.
    • (2014) J. Gen. Intern. Med. , vol.29 , Issue.12 , pp. 1692-1701
    • Concannon, T.W.1    Fuster, M.2    Saunders, T.3    Patel, K.4    Wong, J.B.5    Leslie, L.K.6    Lau, J.7
  • 34
    • 77349093263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Public involvement at the design stage of primary health research: a narrative review of case examples
    • [34] Boote, J., Baird, W., Beecroft, C., Public involvement at the design stage of primary health research: a narrative review of case examples. Health Policy 95:1 (2010), 10–23.
    • (2010) Health Policy , vol.95 , Issue.1 , pp. 10-23
    • Boote, J.1    Baird, W.2    Beecroft, C.3
  • 35
    • 33750130588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods of consumer involvement in developing healthcare policy and research, clinical practice guidelines and patient information material
    • [35] Nilsen, E.S., Myrhaug, H.T., Johansen, M., Oliver, S., Oxman, A.D., Methods of consumer involvement in developing healthcare policy and research, clinical practice guidelines and patient information material. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev., 3, 2006, CD004563.
    • (2006) Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. , vol.3
    • Nilsen, E.S.1    Myrhaug, H.T.2    Johansen, M.3    Oliver, S.4    Oxman, A.D.5
  • 39
    • 84867687724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of public involvement in research on quality of life and society: a case study of research career trajectories
    • [39] Williamson, T.B.J.R.J., Impact of public involvement in research on quality of life and society: a case study of research career trajectories. Int. J. Consum. Stud. 34 (2010), 551–557.
    • (2010) Int. J. Consum. Stud. , vol.34 , pp. 551-557
    • Williamson, T.B.J.R.J.1
  • 40
    • 14744306205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An integrated approach to consumer representation and involvement in a multicentre randomized controlled trial
    • [40] Langston, A.L., McCallum, M., Campbell, M.K., Robertson, C., Ralston, S.H., An integrated approach to consumer representation and involvement in a multicentre randomized controlled trial. Clin. Trials 2:1 (2005), 80–87.
    • (2005) Clin. Trials , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 80-87
    • Langston, A.L.1    McCallum, M.2    Campbell, M.K.3    Robertson, C.4    Ralston, S.H.5
  • 41
    • 84874776617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient and family engagement: a framework for understanding the elements and developing interventions and policies
    • [41] Carman, K.L., Dardess, P., Maurer, M., Sofaer, S., Adams, K., Bechtel, C., Sweeney, J., Patient and family engagement: a framework for understanding the elements and developing interventions and policies. Health Aff (Millwood) 32:2 (2013), 223–231.
    • (2013) Health Aff (Millwood) , vol.32 , Issue.2 , pp. 223-231
    • Carman, K.L.1    Dardess, P.2    Maurer, M.3    Sofaer, S.4    Adams, K.5    Bechtel, C.6    Sweeney, J.7
  • 42
    • 4444364459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What does it mean to involve consumers successfully in NHS research? A consensus study
    • [42] Telford, R., Boote, J.D., Cooper, C.L., What does it mean to involve consumers successfully in NHS research? A consensus study. Health Expect. 7:3 (2004), 209–220.
    • (2004) Health Expect. , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 209-220
    • Telford, R.1    Boote, J.D.2    Cooper, C.L.3
  • 44
    • 85010823816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring the Community Impacts of Research Orientated Partnerships
    • (accessed on June 23, 2016)
    • [44] King, G., Servais, M., Currie, M., Measuring the Community Impacts of Research Orientated Partnerships. http://www.impactmeasure.org (accessed on June 23, 2016).
    • King, G.1    Servais, M.2    Currie, M.3
  • 46
    • 84900809952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Budgeting for Involvement: Practical Advice on Budgeting for Actively Involving? The Public in Research Studies
    • Mental Health Research Network London and INVOLVE, Eastleigh
    • [46] Mental Health Research Network and INVOLVE, Budgeting for Involvement: Practical Advice on Budgeting for Actively Involving? The Public in Research Studies. 2013, Mental Health Research Network, London and INVOLVE, Eastleigh.
    • (2013)
    • Mental Health Research Network and INVOLVE1
  • 47
    • 84964196966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ‘Is it worth doing?’ Measuring the impact of patient and public involvement in research
    • [47] Staley, K., ‘Is it worth doing?’ Measuring the impact of patient and public involvement in research. BioMed Central 1:6 (2015), 1–10.
    • (2015) BioMed Central , vol.1 , Issue.6 , pp. 1-10
    • Staley, K.1
  • 48
    • 84867690875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A model and measure for quality service user involvement in health research
    • [48] Morrow, E.R.F.G.P.B.J., A model and measure for quality service user involvement in health research. Int. J. Consum. Stud. 34 (2010), 532–539.
    • (2010) Int. J. Consum. Stud. , vol.34 , pp. 532-539
    • Morrow, E.R.F.G.P.B.J.1
  • 49
    • 84926512767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of a tool for the evaluation of public and patient involvement in research
    • [49] Stocks, S.J., Giles, S.J., Cheraghi-Sohi, S., Campbell, S.M., Application of a tool for the evaluation of public and patient involvement in research. BMJ Open, 5(3), 2015, e006390.
    • (2015) BMJ Open , vol.5 , Issue.3
    • Stocks, S.J.1    Giles, S.J.2    Cheraghi-Sohi, S.3    Campbell, S.M.4
  • 51
    • 84893733735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcomes Measures in Rheumatology
    • (accessed on July 4, 2016)
    • [51] OMERACT, Outcomes Measures in Rheumatology. http://www.omeract.org/patient_research_partners.html (accessed on July 4, 2016).
    • OMERACT1
  • 52
    • 77953424429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of intensive bisphosphonate treatment versus symptomatic management in Paget's disease of bone
    • [52] Langston, A.L., Campbell, M.K., Fraser, W.D., MacLennan, G.S., Selby, P.L., Ralston, S.H., Randomized trial of intensive bisphosphonate treatment versus symptomatic management in Paget's disease of bone. J. Bone Miner. Res. 25:1 (2010), 20–31.
    • (2010) J. Bone Miner. Res. , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 20-31
    • Langston, A.L.1    Campbell, M.K.2    Fraser, W.D.3    MacLennan, G.S.4    Selby, P.L.5    Ralston, S.H.6
  • 53
    • 85010775418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership Guidebook
    • (accessed on July 4, 2016)
    • [53] James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership Guidebook. http://www.jla.nihr.ac.uk/jla-guidebook/ (accessed on July 4, 2016).
  • 54
    • 85010775419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Priorities for Research and Research Agenda. PCORI
    • [54] National Priorities for Research and Research Agenda. PCORI. http://www.pcori.rog/sites/default/files/PCORI-National-Priorities-and-Research-Agenda.pdf, 2016.
    • (2016)
  • 55
    • 85010780528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidance for BMJ Patient Reviewers
    • (accessed on July 7, 2016)
    • [55] The British Medical Journal, Guidance for BMJ Patient Reviewers. http://www.bmj.com/about-bmj/resources-reviewers/guidance-patient-reviewers (accessed on July 7, 2016).
    • The British Medical Journal1
  • 56
    • 84872343283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patients Like Me
    • (accessed on July 7, 2016)
    • [56] Patients Like Me. https://www.patientslikeme.com (accessed on July 7, 2016).
  • 57
    • 84946543850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Definition of clinically relevant non-major bleeding in studies of anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolic disease in non-surgical patients: communication from the SSC of the ISTH
    • [57] Kaatz, S., Ahmad, D., Spyropoulos, A.C., Schulman, S., Definition of clinically relevant non-major bleeding in studies of anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolic disease in non-surgical patients: communication from the SSC of the ISTH. J. Thromb. Haemost. 13:11 (2015), 2119–2126.
    • (2015) J. Thromb. Haemost. , vol.13 , Issue.11 , pp. 2119-2126
    • Kaatz, S.1    Ahmad, D.2    Spyropoulos, A.C.3    Schulman, S.4
  • 58
    • 0026079845 scopus 로고
    • The impact of long-term warfarin therapy on quality of life. Evidence from a randomized trial. Boston Area Anticoagulation Trial for Atrial Fibrillation Investigators
    • [58] Lancaster, T.R., Singer, D.E., Sheehan, M.A., Oertel, L.B., Maraventano, S.W., Hughes, R.A., Kistler, J.P., The impact of long-term warfarin therapy on quality of life. Evidence from a randomized trial. Boston Area Anticoagulation Trial for Atrial Fibrillation Investigators. Arch. Intern. Med. 151:10 (1991), 1944–1949.
    • (1991) Arch. Intern. Med. , vol.151 , Issue.10 , pp. 1944-1949
    • Lancaster, T.R.1    Singer, D.E.2    Sheehan, M.A.3    Oertel, L.B.4    Maraventano, S.W.5    Hughes, R.A.6    Kistler, J.P.7
  • 61
    • 72949117883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of fatigue and psychological distress with quality of life in patients with a previous venous thromboembolic event
    • [61] Lukas, P.S., Krummenacher, R., Biasiutti, F.D., Begre, S., Znoj, H., von Känel, R., Association of fatigue and psychological distress with quality of life in patients with a previous venous thromboembolic event. Thromb. Haemost. 102:6 (2009), 1219–1226.
    • (2009) Thromb. Haemost. , vol.102 , Issue.6 , pp. 1219-1226
    • Lukas, P.S.1    Krummenacher, R.2    Biasiutti, F.D.3    Begre, S.4    Znoj, H.5    von Känel, R.6
  • 63
    • 84899548882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term psychological consequences of symptomatic pulmonary embolism: a qualitative study
    • [63] Noble, S., Lewis, R., Whithers, J., Lewis, S., Bennett, P., Long-term psychological consequences of symptomatic pulmonary embolism: a qualitative study. BMJ Open, 4(4), 2014, e004561.
    • (2014) BMJ Open , vol.4 , Issue.4
    • Noble, S.1    Lewis, R.2    Whithers, J.3    Lewis, S.4    Bennett, P.5
  • 64
    • 84923340028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patients’ Experiences of LIving with CANcer-associated thrombosis: the PELICAN study
    • [64] Noble, S., Prout, H., Nelson, A., Patients’ Experiences of LIving with CANcer-associated thrombosis: the PELICAN study. Patient Prefer Adherence 9 (2015), 337–345.
    • (2015) Patient Prefer Adherence , vol.9 , pp. 337-345
    • Noble, S.1    Prout, H.2    Nelson, A.3
  • 65
    • 84898462545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer-associated thrombosis, low-molecular-weight heparin, and the patient experience: a qualitative study
    • [65] Seaman, S., Nelson, A., Noble, S., Cancer-associated thrombosis, low-molecular-weight heparin, and the patient experience: a qualitative study. Patient Prefer Adherence 8 (2014), 453–461.
    • (2014) Patient Prefer Adherence , vol.8 , pp. 453-461
    • Seaman, S.1    Nelson, A.2    Noble, S.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.