메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 112, Issue 5, 2017, Pages 769-786

Puffed-up but shaky selves: State self-esteem level and variability in narcissists

Author keywords

(Narcissistic) ego fragility; Grandiose narcissism; State self esteem level; Within person variability in state self esteem

Indexed keywords

ADULT; CONCEPT FORMATION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; NARCISSISM; SELF CONCEPT; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84999873064     PISSN: 00223514     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/pspp0000093     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (153)

References (116)
  • 1
    • 0020060807 scopus 로고
    • Overview: Narcissistic personality disorder
    • Akhtar, S., & Thomson, J. A., Jr. (1982). Overview: Narcissistic personality disorder. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 139, 12-20. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1176/ajp.139.1.12
    • (1982) The American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.139 , pp. 12-20
    • Akhtar, S.1    Thomson, J.A.2
  • 2
    • 70349207655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-enhancement and selfprotection: What they are and what they do
    • Alicke, M. D., & Sedikides, C. (2009). Self-enhancement and selfprotection: What they are and what they do. European Review of Social Psychology, 20, 1-48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10463280802613866
    • (2009) European Review of Social Psychology , vol.20 , pp. 1-48
    • Alicke, M.D.1    Sedikides, C.2
  • 5
    • 76449116483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why are narcissists so charming at first sight? Decoding the narcissism-popularity link at zero acquaintance
    • Back, M. D., Schmukle, S. C., & Egloff, B. (2010). Why are narcissists so charming at first sight? Decoding the narcissism-popularity link at zero acquaintance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 98, 132- 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0016338
    • (2010) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.98 , pp. 132- 145
    • Back, M.D.1    Schmukle, S.C.2    Egloff, B.3
  • 6
    • 33745078925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the nature of intraindividual personality variability: Reliability, validity, and associations with well-being
    • Baird, B. M., Le, K., & Lucas, R. E. (2006). On the nature of intraindividual personality variability: Reliability, validity, and associations with well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90, 512-527.
    • (2006) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.90 , pp. 512-527
    • Baird, B.M.1    Le, K.2    Lucas, R.E.3
  • 8
    • 77958075984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grandiose narcissism versus vulnerable narcissism in threatening situations: Emotional reactions to achievement failure and interpersonal rejection
    • Besser, A., & Priel, B. (2010). Grandiose narcissism versus vulnerable narcissism in threatening situations: Emotional reactions to achievement failure and interpersonal rejection. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 29, 874-902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2010.29.8.874
    • (2010) Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology , vol.29 , pp. 874-902
    • Besser, A.1    Priel, B.2
  • 10
    • 65249156869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overvalued and ashamed: Considering the roles of self-esteem and self-conscious emotions in covert narcissism
    • In J. L. Tracy, R. W. Robins, & J. P. Tangney (Eds.). New York, NY: Guilford Press
    • Bosson, J. K., & Prewitt-Freilino, J. L. (2007). Overvalued and ashamed: Considering the roles of self-esteem and self-conscious emotions in covert narcissism. In J. L. Tracy, R. W. Robins, & J. P. Tangney (Eds.), The self-conscious emotions: Theory and research (pp. 407-425). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
    • (2007) The self-conscious emotions: Theory and research , pp. 407-425
    • Bosson, J.K.1    Prewitt-Freilino, J.L.2
  • 11
    • 23044531164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Narcissus meets Sisyphus: Self-love, self-loathing, and the never-ending pursuit of self-worth
    • Brown, R. P., & Bosson, J. K. (2001). Narcissus meets Sisyphus: Self-love, self-loathing, and the never-ending pursuit of self-worth. Psychological Inquiry, 12, 210-213.
    • (2001) Psychological Inquiry , vol.12 , pp. 210-213
    • Brown, R.P.1    Bosson, J.K.2
  • 13
    • 4544256150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Narcissism and the nonequivalence of self-esteem measures: A matter of dominance?
    • Brown, R. P., & Zeigler-Hill, V. (2004). Narcissism and the nonequivalence of self-esteem measures: A matter of dominance? Journal of Research in Personality, 38, 585-592. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp .2003.11.002
    • (2004) Journal of Research in Personality , vol.38 , pp. 585-592
    • Brown, R.P.1    Zeigler-Hill, V.2
  • 14
    • 0033259572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Narcissism and romantic attraction
    • Campbell, W. K. (1999). Narcissism and romantic attraction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 1254-1270. http://dx.doi.org/10 .1037/0022-3514.77.6.1254
    • (1999) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.77 , pp. 1254-1270
    • Campbell, W.K.1
  • 15
  • 16
    • 33746168378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Narcissism, interpersonal self-regulation, and romantic relationships: An agency model approach
    • In K. D. Vohs & E. J. Finkel (Eds.). New York, NY: Guilford Press
    • Campbell, W. K., Brunell, A. B., & Finkel, E. J. (2006). Narcissism, interpersonal self-regulation, and romantic relationships: An agency model approach. In K. D. Vohs & E. J. Finkel (Eds.), Self and relationships: Connecting intrapersonal and interpersonal processes (pp. 57- 83). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
    • (2006) Self and relationships: Connecting intrapersonal and interpersonal processes , pp. 57- 83
    • Campbell, W.K.1    Brunell, A.B.2    Finkel, E.J.3
  • 17
    • 68249153524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the self-regulatory dynamics created by the peculiar benefits and costs of narcissism: A contextual reinforcement model and examination of leadership
    • Campbell, W. K., & Campbell, S. M. (2009). On the self-regulatory dynamics created by the peculiar benefits and costs of narcissism: A contextual reinforcement model and examination of leadership. Self and Identity, 8, 214-232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15298860802505129
    • (2009) Self and Identity , vol.8 , pp. 214-232
    • Campbell, W.K.1    Campbell, S.M.2
  • 18
    • 84919550141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The narcissistic self: Background, an extended agency model, and ongoing controversies
    • In C. Sedikides & S. Spencer (Eds.). Philadelphia, PA: Psychology Press
    • Campbell, W. K., & Foster, J. D. (2007). The narcissistic self: Background, an extended agency model, and ongoing controversies. In C. Sedikides & S. Spencer (Eds.), Frontiers in social psychology: The self (pp. 115-138). Philadelphia, PA: Psychology Press.
    • (2007) Frontiers in social psychology: The self , pp. 115-138
    • Campbell, W.K.1    Foster, J.D.2
  • 19
    • 23044533686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Narcissism, selfesteem, and the positivity of self-views: Two portraits of self-love
    • Campbell, W. K., Rudich, E., & Sedikides, C. (2002). Narcissism, selfesteem, and the positivity of self-views: Two portraits of self-love. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 358-368. http://dx.doi .org/10.1177/0146167202286007
    • (2002) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.28 , pp. 358-368
    • Campbell, W.K.1    Rudich, E.2    Sedikides, C.3
  • 20
    • 79959857399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • You probably think this paper's about you: Narcissists' perceptions of their personality and reputation
    • Carlson, E. N., Vazire, S., & Oltmanns, T. F. (2011). You probably think this paper's about you: Narcissists' perceptions of their personality and reputation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101, 185-201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0023781
    • (2011) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.101 , pp. 185-201
    • Carlson, E.N.1    Vazire, S.2    Oltmanns, T.F.3
  • 22
    • 84897891444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of vulnerable and grandiose narcissism on liking-based and disliking-based centrality in social networks
    • Czarna, A. Z., Dufner, M., & Clifton, A. D. (2014). The effects of vulnerable and grandiose narcissism on liking-based and disliking-based centrality in social networks. Journal of Research in Personality, 50, 42-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2014.02.004
    • (2014) Journal of Research in Personality , vol.50 , pp. 42-45
    • Czarna, A.Z.1    Dufner, M.2    Clifton, A.D.3
  • 23
    • 47249154478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-esteem reactions to social interactions: Evidence for sociometer mechanisms across days, people, and nations
    • Denissen, J. J., Penke, L., Schmitt, D. P., & van Aken, M. A. (2008). Self-esteem reactions to social interactions: Evidence for sociometer mechanisms across days, people, and nations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95, 181-196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514 .95.1.181
    • (2008) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.95 , pp. 181-196
    • Denissen, J.J.1    Penke, L.2    Schmitt, D.P.3    van Aken, M.A.4
  • 24
    • 84874985231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using trait-state models to evaluate the longitudinal consistency of global self-esteem from adolescence to adulthood
    • Donnellan, M. B., Kenny, D. A., Trzesniewski, K. H., Lucas, R. E., & Conger, R. D. (2012). Using trait-state models to evaluate the longitudinal consistency of global self-esteem from adolescence to adulthood. Journal of Research in Personality, 46, 634-645. http://dx.doi.org/10 .1016/j.jrp.2012.07.005
    • (2012) Journal of Research in Personality , vol.46 , pp. 634-645
    • Donnellan, M.B.1    Kenny, D.A.2    Trzesniewski, K.H.3    Lucas, R.E.4    Conger, R.D.5
  • 25
    • 84942549606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Affective contingencies in the affiliative domain: Physiological assessment, associations with the affiliation motive, and prediction of behavior
    • Dufner, M., Arslan, R. C., Hagemeyer, B., Schönbrodt, F. D., & Denissen, J. J. A. (2015). Affective contingencies in the affiliative domain: Physiological assessment, associations with the affiliation motive, and prediction of behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 109, 662-676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000025
    • (2015) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.109 , pp. 662-676
    • Dufner, M.1    Arslan, R.C.2    Hagemeyer, B.3    Schönbrodt, F.D.4    Denissen, J.J.A.5
  • 26
    • 84861191796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive intelligence illusions: On the relation between intellectual self-enhancement and psychological adjustment
    • Dufner, M., Denissen, J. J. A., van Zalk, M., Matthes, B., Meeus, W. H. J., van Aken, M. A. G., & Sedikides, C. (2012). Positive intelligence illusions: On the relation between intellectual self-enhancement and psychological adjustment. Journal of Personality, 80, 537-572. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2011.00742.x
    • (2012) Journal of Personality , vol.80 , pp. 537-572
    • Dufner, M.1    Denissen, J.J.A.2    van Zalk, M.3    Matthes, B.4    Meeus, W.H.J.5    van Aken, M.A.G.6    Sedikides, C.7
  • 28
    • 0021140852 scopus 로고
    • Factor analysis and construct validity of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory
    • Emmons, R. A. (1984). Factor analysis and construct validity of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory. Journal of Personality Assessment, 48, 291-300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa4803_11
    • (1984) Journal of Personality Assessment , vol.48 , pp. 291-300
    • Emmons, R.A.1
  • 29
    • 0023229829 scopus 로고
    • Narcissism: Theory and measurement
    • Emmons, R. A. (1987). Narcissism: Theory and measurement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 11-17. http://dx.doi.org/10 .1037/0022-3514.52.1.11
    • (1987) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.52 , pp. 11-17
    • Emmons, R.A.1
  • 30
    • 34548463099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Centering predictor variables in cross-sectional multilevel models: A new look at an old issue
    • Enders, C. K., & Tofighi, D. (2007). Centering predictor variables in cross-sectional multilevel models: A new look at an old issue. Psychological Methods, 12, 121-138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.12 .2.121
    • (2007) Psychological Methods , vol.12 , pp. 121-138
    • Enders, C.K.1    Tofighi, D.2
  • 31
    • 0031991655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Narcissistic processes: Optimistic expectations, favorable self-evaluations, and self-enhancing attri- butions
    • Farwell, L., & Wohlwend-Lloyd, R. (1998). Narcissistic processes: Optimistic expectations, favorable self-evaluations, and self-enhancing attri- butions. Journal of Personality, 66, 65-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ 1467-6494.00003
    • (1998) Journal of Personality , vol.66 , pp. 65-83
    • Farwell, L.1    Wohlwend-Lloyd, R.2
  • 32
    • 33746156956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theoretical models of narcissism, sexuality, and relationship commitment
    • Foster, J. D., Shrira, I., & Campbell, W. K. (2006). Theoretical models of narcissism, sexuality, and relationship commitment. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 23, 367-386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/ 0265407506064204
    • (2006) Journal of Social and Personal Relationships , vol.23 , pp. 367-386
    • Foster, J.D.1    Shrira, I.2    Campbell, W.K.3
  • 33
    • 84989640879 scopus 로고
    • Narcissistic illusions in self-evaluations of intelligence and attractiveness
    • Gabriel, M. T., Critelli, J. W., & Ee, J. S. (1994). Narcissistic illusions in self-evaluations of intelligence and attractiveness. Journal of Personality, 62, 143-155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1994.tb00798.x
    • (1994) Journal of Personality , vol.62 , pp. 143-155
    • Gabriel, M.T.1    Critelli, J.W.2    Ee, J.S.3
  • 35
    • 84932104769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond cross-role self-concepts: Contextualized personality in action
    • Geukes, K., & Back, M. D. (2015). Beyond cross-role self-concepts: Contextualized personality in action. European Journal of Personality, 29, 226-362.
    • (2015) European Journal of Personality , vol.29 , pp. 226-362
    • Geukes, K.1    Back, M.D.2
  • 37
    • 0001968444 scopus 로고
    • Not all high (or low) self-esteem people are the same: Theory and research on stability of self-esteem
    • In M. H. Kernis (Ed.). New York, NY: Plenum Press
    • Greenier, K. G., Kernis, M. H., & Waschull, S. B. (1995). Not all high (or low) self-esteem people are the same: Theory and research on stability of self-esteem. In M. H. Kernis (Ed.), Efficacy, agency, and self-esteem (pp. 51-71). New York, NY: Plenum Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/ 978-1-4899-1280-0_4
    • (1995) Efficacy, agency, and self-esteem , pp. 51-71
    • Greenier, K.G.1    Kernis, M.H.2    Waschull, S.B.3
  • 38
    • 77951616720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Narcissistic fragility: Rethinking its links to explicit and implicit self-esteem
    • Gregg, A. P., & Sedikides, C. (2010). Narcissistic fragility: Rethinking its links to explicit and implicit self-esteem. Self and Identity, 9, 142-161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15298860902815451
    • (2010) Self and Identity , vol.9 , pp. 142-161
    • Gregg, A.P.1    Sedikides, C.2
  • 39
    • 84937053736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Who is open to a narcissistic romantic partner? The roles of sensation seeking, trait anxiety, and similarity
    • Grosz, M. P., Dufner, M., Back, M. D., & Denissen, J. J. A. (2015). Who is open to a narcissistic romantic partner? The roles of sensation seeking, trait anxiety, and similarity. Journal of Research in Personality, 58, 84-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2015.05.007
    • (2015) Journal of Research in Personality , vol.58 , pp. 84-95
    • Grosz, M.P.1    Dufner, M.2    Back, M.D.3    Denissen, J.J.A.4
  • 40
    • 84860558663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short measurements of personality - Validity and reliability of the GSOEP Big Five Inventory (BFI-S)
    • Hahn, E., Gottschling, J., & Spinath, F. M. (2012). Short measurements of personality - Validity and reliability of the GSOEP Big Five Inventory (BFI-S). Journal of Research in Personality, 46, 355-359. http://dx.doi .org/10.1016/j.jrp.2012.03.008
    • (2012) Journal of Research in Personality , vol.46 , pp. 355-359
    • Hahn, E.1    Gottschling, J.2    Spinath, F.M.3
  • 41
    • 82155177019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mixed ordinal location scale model for analysis of Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) data
    • Demirtas, H., Hedeker, D., & Mermelstein, R. J. (2009). A mixed ordinal location scale model for analysis of Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) data. Statistics and Its Interface, 2, 391-401. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.4310/SII.2009.v2.n4.a1
    • (2009) Statistics and Its Interface , vol.2 , pp. 391-401
    • Demirtas, H.1    Hedeker, D.2    Mermelstein, R.J.3
  • 42
    • 84875166129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MIXREGLS: A Program for Mixed- Effects Location Scale Analysis
    • Hedeker, D., & Nordgren, R. (2013). MIXREGLS: A Program for Mixed- Effects Location Scale Analysis. Journal of Statistical Software, 52, 1-38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18637/jss.v052.i12
    • (2013) Journal of Statistical Software , vol.52 , pp. 1-38
    • Hedeker, D.1    Nordgren, R.2
  • 44
    • 84928530191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wherever I may roam: Processes of self-esteem development from adolescence to emerging adulthood in the context of international student exchange
    • Hutteman, R., Nestler, S., Wagner, J., Egloff, B., & Back, M. D. (2015). Wherever I may roam: Processes of self-esteem development from adolescence to emerging adulthood in the context of international student exchange. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 108, 767-783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000015
    • (2015) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.108 , pp. 767-783
    • Hutteman, R.1    Nestler, S.2    Wagner, J.3    Egloff, B.4    Back, M.D.5
  • 45
    • 0003891643 scopus 로고
    • The principles of psychology
    • Cambridge, England: Harvard University Press
    • James, W. (1890). The principles of psychology. Cambridge, England: Harvard University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/11059-000
    • (1890)
    • James, W.1
  • 46
    • 0028115279 scopus 로고
    • Accuracy and bias in self-perception: Individual differences in self-enhancement and the role of narcissism
    • John, O. P., & Robins, R. W. (1994). Accuracy and bias in self-perception: Individual differences in self-enhancement and the role of narcissism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 206-219. http://dx .doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.66.1.206
    • (1994) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.66 , pp. 206-219
    • John, O.P.1    Robins, R.W.2
  • 48
    • 84894059238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fragile self-esteem: The perils and pitfalls of (some) high self-esteem
    • In V. Zeigler-Hill (Ed.). London, England: Psychology Press
    • Jordan, C. H., & Zeigler-Hill, V. (2013). Fragile self-esteem: The perils and pitfalls of (some) high self-esteem. In V. Zeigler-Hill (Ed.), Selfesteem (pp. 80-98). London, England: Psychology Press.
    • (2013) Selfesteem , pp. 80-98
    • Jordan, C.H.1    Zeigler-Hill, V.2
  • 49
    • 0141740818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trait-state models for longitudinal data
    • L. M. Collins & A. G. Sayer, Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
    • Kenny, D. A., & Zautra, A. (2001). Trait-state models for longitudinal data. In L. M. Collins & A. G. Sayer (Eds.), New methods for the analysis of change (pp. 243-263). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10409-008
    • (2001) New methods for the analysis of change , pp. 243-263
    • Kenny, D.A.1    Zautra, A.2
  • 51
    • 0345719841 scopus 로고
    • Factors in the psychoanalytic treatment of narcissistic personalities
    • In A. P. Morrison (Ed.). New York, NY: New York University Press
    • Kernberg, O. F. (1986). Factors in the psychoanalytic treatment of narcissistic personalities. In A. P. Morrison (Ed.), Essential Papers on Narcissism (pp. 213-244). New York, NY: New York University Press.
    • (1986) Essential Papers on Narcissism , pp. 213-244
    • Kernberg, O.F.1
  • 52
    • 0002500120 scopus 로고
    • The roles of stability and level of self-esteem in psychological functioning
    • In R. F. Baumeister (Ed.). New York, NY: Springer
    • Kernis, M. H. (1993). The roles of stability and level of self-esteem in psychological functioning. In R. F. Baumeister (Ed.), Self-esteem: The puzzle of low self-regard (pp. 167-182). New York, NY: Springer. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8956-9_9
    • (1993) Self-esteem: The puzzle of low self-regard , pp. 167-182
    • Kernis, M.H.1
  • 53
    • 0042656818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a conceptualization of optimal selfesteem
    • Kernis, M. H. (2003). Toward a conceptualization of optimal selfesteem. Psychological Inquiry, 14, 1-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/ S15327965PLI1401_01
    • (2003) Psychological Inquiry , vol.14 , pp. 1-26
    • Kernis, M.H.1
  • 54
    • 28044455646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring self-esteem in context: The importance of stability of self-esteem in psychological functioning
    • Kernis, M. H. (2005). Measuring self-esteem in context: The importance of stability of self-esteem in psychological functioning. Journal of Personality, 73, 1569 -1605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005 .00359.x
    • (2005) Journal of Personality , vol.73 , pp. 1569 -1605
    • Kernis, M.H.1
  • 55
    • 85046521621 scopus 로고
    • There's more to self-esteem than whether it is high or low: The importance of stability of self-esteem
    • Kernis, M. H., Cornell, D. P., Sun, C. R., Berry, A., & Harlow, T. (1993). There's more to self-esteem than whether it is high or low: The importance of stability of self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 1190-1204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.65.6 .1190
    • (1993) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.65 , pp. 1190-1204
    • Kernis, M.H.1    Cornell, D.P.2    Sun, C.R.3    Berry, A.4    Harlow, T.5
  • 56
    • 0038462334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinguishing between fragile and secure forms of high self-esteem
    • In E. L. Deci & R. M. Ryan (Eds.). Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press
    • Kernis, M. H., & Paradise, A. W. (2002). Distinguishing between fragile and secure forms of high self-esteem. In E. L. Deci & R. M. Ryan (Eds.), Self-determination: Theoretical issues and practical applications (pp. 339-360). Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press.
    • (2002) Self-determination: Theoretical issues and practical applications , pp. 339-360
    • Kernis, M.H.1    Paradise, A.W.2
  • 57
    • 0002191417 scopus 로고
    • Narcissism and reactions to interpersonal feedback
    • Kernis, M. H., & Sun, C. (1994). Narcissism and reactions to interpersonal feedback. Journal of Research in Personality, 28, 4-13. http://dx.doi .org/10.1006/jrpe.1994.1002
    • (1994) Journal of Research in Personality , vol.28 , pp. 4-13
    • Kernis, M.H.1    Sun, C.2
  • 58
    • 77957087409 scopus 로고
    • The interactive roles of stability and level of self-esteem: Research and theory
    • In M. P. Zanna (Ed.). San Diego, CA: Academic Press
    • Kernis, M. H., & Waschull, S. B. (1995). The interactive roles of stability and level of self-esteem: Research and theory. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (pp. 93-141). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
    • (1995) Advances in experimental social psychology , pp. 93-141
    • Kernis, M.H.1    Waschull, S.B.2
  • 59
    • 0013901933 scopus 로고
    • Forms and transformations of narcissism
    • Kohut, H. (1966). Forms and transformations of narcissism. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 14, 243-272. http://dx.doi.org/10 .1177/000306516601400201
    • (1966) Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association , vol.14 , pp. 243-272
    • Kohut, H.1
  • 60
    • 0015470864 scopus 로고
    • Thoughts on narcissism and narcissistic rage
    • Kohut, H. (1972). Thoughts on narcissism and narcissistic rage. The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 27, 360-400.
    • (1972) The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child , vol.27 , pp. 360-400
    • Kohut, H.1
  • 61
    • 84875552455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The two pathways to being an (un-)popular narcissist
    • Küfner, A. C. P., Nestler, S., & Back, M. D. (2013). The two pathways to being an (un-)popular narcissist. Journal of Personality, 81, 184-195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2012.00795.x
    • (2013) Journal of Personality , vol.81 , pp. 184-195
    • Küfner, A.C.P.1    Nestler, S.2    Back, M.D.3
  • 62
    • 79956258617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short assessment of the Big Five: Robust across survey methods except telephone interviewing
    • Lang, F. R., John, D., Lüdtke, O., Schupp, J., & Wagner, G. G. (2011). Short assessment of the Big Five: Robust across survey methods except telephone interviewing. Behavior Research Methods, 43, 548-567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13428-011-0066-z
    • (2011) Behavior Research Methods , vol.43 , pp. 548-567
    • Lang, F.R.1    John, D.2    Lüdtke, O.3    Schupp, J.4    Wagner, G.G.5
  • 63
    • 84960156337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Evil Queen's dilemma: Linking narcissistic admiration and rivalry to benign and malicious envy
    • Lange, J., Crusius, N. J., & Hagemeyer, B. (2016). The Evil Queen's dilemma: Linking narcissistic admiration and rivalry to benign and malicious envy. European Journal of Personality, 30, 168-188. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2047
    • (2016) European Journal of Personality , vol.30 , pp. 168-188
    • Lange, J.1    Crusius, N.J.2    Hagemeyer, B.3
  • 64
    • 35448988617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The nature and function of self-esteem: Sociometer theory
    • In M. P. Zanna (Ed.). San Diego, CA: Academic Press
    • Leary, M. R., & Baumeister, R. F. (2000). The nature and function of self-esteem: Sociometer theory. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (pp. 1-62). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
    • (2000) Advances in experimental social psychology , pp. 1-62
    • Leary, M.R.1    Baumeister, R.F.2
  • 65
    • 0032066032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calibrating the sociometer: The relationship between interpersonal appraisals and state self-esteem
    • Leary, M. R., Haupt, A. L., Strausser, K. S., & Chokel, J. T. (1998). Calibrating the sociometer: The relationship between interpersonal appraisals and state self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1290 -1299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.74.5 .1290
    • (1998) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.74 , pp. 1290 -1299
    • Leary, M.R.1    Haupt, A.L.2    Strausser, K.S.3    Chokel, J.T.4
  • 67
    • 84946489988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral processes underlying the decline of narcissists' popularity over time
    • Leckelt, M., Küfner, A. C. P., Nestler, S., & Back, M. D. (2015). Behavioral processes underlying the decline of narcissists' popularity over time. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 109, 856-871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000057
    • (2015) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.109 , pp. 856-871
    • Leckelt, M.1    Küfner, A.C.P.2    Nestler, S.3    Back, M.D.4
  • 69
    • 0030865701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linear mixed models with heterogeneous within-cluster variances
    • Lin, X., Raz, J., & Harlow, S. D. (1997). Linear mixed models with heterogeneous within-cluster variances. Biometrics, 53, 910-923. http:// dx.doi.org/10.2307/2533552
    • (1997) Biometrics , vol.53 , pp. 910-923
    • Lin, X.1    Raz, J.2    Harlow, S.D.3
  • 72
    • 81455158853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age differences in instability, contingency, and level of self-esteem across the life span
    • Meier, L. M., Orth, U., Denissen, J. J. A., & Kühnel, A. (2011). Age differences in instability, contingency, and level of self-esteem across the life span. Journal of Research in Personality, 45, 604-612. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2011.08.008
    • (2011) Journal of Research in Personality , vol.45 , pp. 604-612
    • Meier, L.M.1    Orth, U.2    Denissen, J.J.A.3    Kühnel, A.4
  • 74
    • 84886008854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trait personality models of narcissistic personality disorder, grandiose narcissism, and vulnerable narcissism
    • W. K. Campbell & J. D. Miller, Hoboken, NJ: Wiley
    • Miller, J. D., & Maples, J. (2011). Trait personality models of narcissistic personality disorder, grandiose narcissism, and vulnerable narcissism. In W. K. Campbell & J. D. Miller (Eds.), Handbook of narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder: Theoretical approaches, empirical findings, and treatments (pp. 71-88). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. http://dx.doi .org/10.1002/9781118093108.ch7
    • (2011) Handbook of narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder: Theoretical approaches, empirical findings, and treatments , pp. 71-88
    • Miller, J.D.1    Maples, J.2
  • 75
    • 0035623459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unraveling the paradoxes of narcissism: A dynamic self-regulatory processing model
    • Morf, C. C., & Rhodewalt, F. (2001). Unraveling the paradoxes of narcissism: A dynamic self-regulatory processing model. Psychological Inquiry, 12, 177-196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1204_1
    • (2001) Psychological Inquiry , vol.12 , pp. 177-196
    • Morf, C.C.1    Rhodewalt, F.2
  • 76
    • 33947311937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic influences on level and stability of self-esteem
    • Neiss, M. B., Sedikides, C., & Stevenson, J. (2006). Genetic influences on level and stability of self-esteem. Self and Identity, 5, 247-266. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1080/15298860600662106
    • (2006) Self and Identity , vol.5 , pp. 247-266
    • Neiss, M.B.1    Sedikides, C.2    Stevenson, J.3
  • 77
    • 84928177058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The social consequences and mechanisms of personality: How to analyse longitudinal data from individual, dyadic, round-robin, and network designs
    • Nestler, S., Grimm, K. J., & Schönbrodt, F. D. (2015). The social consequences and mechanisms of personality: How to analyse longitudinal data from individual, dyadic, round-robin, and network designs. European Journal of Personality, 29, 272-295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per .1997
    • (2015) European Journal of Personality , vol.29 , pp. 272-295
    • Nestler, S.1    Grimm, K.J.2    Schönbrodt, F.D.3
  • 78
    • 0038745741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Affect- and self-based models of relationships between daily events and daily well-being
    • Nezlek, J. B., & Plesko, R. M. (2003). Affect- and self-based models of relationships between daily events and daily well-being. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 584-596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/ 0146167203029005004
    • (2003) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.29 , pp. 584-596
    • Nezlek, J.B.1    Plesko, R.M.2
  • 79
    • 0032063861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interpersonal and intrapsychic adaptiveness of trait self-enhancement: A mixed blessing?
    • Paulhus, D. L. (1998). Interpersonal and intrapsychic adaptiveness of trait self-enhancement: A mixed blessing? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1197-1208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.74.5 .1197
    • (1998) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.74 , pp. 1197-1208
    • Paulhus, D.L.1
  • 80
    • 23044528911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Normal narcissism: Two minimalist accounts
    • Paulhus, D. L. (2001). Normal narcissism: Two minimalist accounts. Psychological Inquiry, 12, 228-230.
    • (2001) Psychological Inquiry , vol.12 , pp. 228-230
    • Paulhus, D.L.1
  • 81
    • 27744477983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short version of the Big Five Inventory (BFI-K): Development and validation of an economic inventory for assessment of the five factors of personality
    • Rammstedt, B., & John, O. P. (2005). Short version of the Big Five Inventory (BFI-K): Development and validation of an economic inventory for assessment of the five factors of personality. Diagnostica, 51, 195-206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1026/0012-1924.51.4.195
    • (2005) Diagnostica , vol.51 , pp. 195-206
    • Rammstedt, B.1    John, O.P.2
  • 82
    • 0018528365 scopus 로고
    • A Narcissistic Personality Inventory
    • Raskin, R. N., & Hall, C. S. (1979). A Narcissistic Personality Inventory. Psychological Reports, 45, 590. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1979.45.2 .590
    • (1979) Psychological Reports , vol.45 , pp. 590
    • Raskin, R.N.1    Hall, C.S.2
  • 83
    • 0024549829 scopus 로고
    • An MMPI description of the narcissistic personality
    • Raskin, R., & Novacek, J. (1989). An MMPI description of the narcissistic personality. Journal of Personality Assessment, 53, 66-80. http://dx.doi .org/10.1207/s15327752jpa5301_8
    • (1989) Journal of Personality Assessment , vol.53 , pp. 66-80
    • Raskin, R.1    Novacek, J.2
  • 84
    • 0026133149 scopus 로고
    • Narcissism, self-esteem, and defensive self-enhancement
    • Raskin, R., Novacek, J., & Hogan, R. (1991). Narcissism, self-esteem, and defensive self-enhancement. Journal of Personality, 59, 19-38. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1991.tb00766.x
    • (1991) Journal of Personality , vol.59 , pp. 19-38
    • Raskin, R.1    Novacek, J.2    Hogan, R.3
  • 85
    • 84859584761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling individual differences in within-person variation of negative and positive affect in a mixed effects location scale model using BUGS/JAGS
    • Rast, P., Hofer, S. M., & Sparks, C. (2012). Modeling individual differences in within-person variation of negative and positive affect in a mixed effects location scale model using BUGS/JAGS. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 47, 177-200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00273171 .2012.658328
    • (2012) Multivariate Behavioral Research , vol.47 , pp. 177-200
    • Rast, P.1    Hofer, S.M.2    Sparks, C.3
  • 87
    • 0032221640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Narcissism, selfknowledge organization, and emotional reactivity: The effect of daily experiences on self-esteem and affect
    • Rhodewalt, F., Madrian, J. C., & Cheney, S. (1998). Narcissism, selfknowledge organization, and emotional reactivity: The effect of daily experiences on self-esteem and affect. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24, 75-87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167298241006
    • (1998) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.24 , pp. 75-87
    • Rhodewalt, F.1    Madrian, J.C.2    Cheney, S.3
  • 88
    • 28944442973 scopus 로고
    • Self and interpersonal correlates of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory: A review and new findings
    • Rhodewalt, F., & Morf, C. C. (1995). Self and interpersonal correlates of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory: A review and new findings. Journal of Research in Personality, 29, 1-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ jrpe.1995.1001
    • (1995) Journal of Research in Personality , vol.29 , pp. 1-23
    • Rhodewalt, F.1    Morf, C.C.2
  • 89
    • 0032014981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On self-aggrandizement and anger: A temporal analysis of narcissism and affective reactions to success and failure
    • Rhodewalt, F., & Morf, C. C. (1998). On self-aggrandizement and anger: A temporal analysis of narcissism and affective reactions to success and failure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 672-685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.74.3.672
    • (1998) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.74 , pp. 672-685
    • Rhodewalt, F.1    Morf, C.C.2
  • 90
    • 0035257024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive illusions about the self: Short-term benefits and long-term costs
    • Robins, R. W., & Beer, J. S. (2001). Positive illusions about the self: Short-term benefits and long-term costs. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 340-352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514 .80.2.340
    • (2001) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.80 , pp. 340-352
    • Robins, R.W.1    Beer, J.S.2
  • 92
    • 0000801520 scopus 로고
    • Self-concept from middle childhood through adolescence
    • In J. Suls (Ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Rosenberg, M. (1986). Self-concept from middle childhood through adolescence. In J. Suls (Ed.), Psychological perspectives on the self (Vol. 3, pp. 107-136). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1986) Psychological perspectives on the self , vol.3 , pp. 107-136
    • Rosenberg, M.1
  • 93
    • 85013821856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Voluntary commitment to research transparency
    • Schönbrodt, F. D., Maier, M., Heene, M., & Zehetleitner, M. (2015). Voluntary commitment to research transparency. Retrieved from http:// osf.io/4dvkw
    • (2015)
    • Schönbrodt, F.D.1    Maier, M.2    Heene, M.3    Zehetleitner, M.4
  • 95
    • 7244225181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Die Messung von Narzissmus als Persönlichkeitskonstrukt: Psychometrische Eigenschaften einer Lang- und einer Kurzform des Deutschen NPI (Narcissistic Personality Inventory) [Measuring narcissism as a personality construct: Psychometric properties of a long and a short version of the German NPI (Narcissistic Personality Inventory)]
    • Schütz, A., Marcus, B., & Sellin, I. (2004). Die Messung von Narzissmus als Persönlichkeitskonstrukt: Psychometrische Eigenschaften einer Lang- und einer Kurzform des Deutschen NPI (Narcissistic Personality Inventory) [Measuring narcissism as a personality construct: Psychometric properties of a long and a short version of the German NPI (Narcissistic Personality Inventory)]. Diagnostica, 50, 202-218.
    • (2004) Diagnostica , vol.50 , pp. 202-218
    • Schütz, A.1    Marcus, B.2    Sellin, I.3
  • 100
    • 0348197986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Who's to blame? Narcissism and self-serving attributions following feedback
    • Stucke, T. S. (2003). Who's to blame? Narcissism and self-serving attributions following feedback. European Journal of Personality, 17, 465- 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.497
    • (2003) European Journal of Personality , vol.17 , pp. 465- 478
    • Stucke, T.S.1
  • 101
    • 13444302396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • \R2WinBUGS: A package for running WinBUGS from R
    • Sturtz, S., Ligges, U., & Gelman, A. (2005). \R2WinBUGS: A package for running WinBUGS from R. Journal of Statistical Software, 12, 1-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18637/jss.v012.i03
    • (2005) Journal of Statistical Software , vol.12 , pp. 1-16
    • Sturtz, S.1    Ligges, U.2    Gelman, A.3
  • 102
    • 0043157684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Death of a (narcissistic) salesman': An integrative model of fragile self-esteem
    • Tracy, J. L., & Robins, R. W. (2003). 'Death of a (narcissistic) salesman': An integrative model of fragile self-esteem. Psychological Inquiry, 14, 57-62.
    • (2003) Psychological Inquiry , vol.14 , pp. 57-62
    • Tracy, J.L.1    Robins, R.W.2
  • 103
  • 105
    • 84875498201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cherish yourself: Longitudinal patterns and conditions of self-esteem change in the transition to young adulthood
    • Wagner, J., Lüdtke, O., Jonkmann, K., & Trautwein, U. (2013). Cherish yourself: Longitudinal patterns and conditions of self-esteem change in the transition to young adulthood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 104, 148-163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0029680
    • (2013) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.104 , pp. 148-163
    • Wagner, J.1    Lüdtke, O.2    Jonkmann, K.3    Trautwein, U.4
  • 106
    • 85027942786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How stable is self-esteem across young adulthood?. Decomposing stable and variable components using STARTS models
    • Wagner, J., Lüdtke, O., & Trautwein, U. (2016). How stable is self-esteem across young adulthood? Decomposing stable and variable components using STARTS models. Journal of Personality. Advance online publication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12178
    • (2016) Journal of Personality. Advance online publication.
    • Wagner, J.1    Lüdtke, O.2    Trautwein, U.3
  • 107
    • 85047671034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The performance of narcissists rises and falls with perceived opportunity for glory
    • Wallace, H. M., & Baumeister, R. F. (2002). The performance of narcissists rises and falls with perceived opportunity for glory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 819-834. http://dx.doi.org/10 .1037/0022-3514.82.5.819
    • (2002) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.82 , pp. 819-834
    • Wallace, H.M.1    Baumeister, R.F.2
  • 108
    • 84868258165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigating reliabilities of intraindividual variability indicators
    • Wang, L. P., & Grimm, K. J. (2012). Investigating reliabilities of intraindividual variability indicators. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 47, 771-802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2012.715842
    • (2012) Multivariate Behavioral Research , vol.47 , pp. 771-802
    • Wang, L.P.1    Grimm, K.J.2
  • 109
    • 84874440538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigating inter-individual differences in short-term intra-individual variability
    • Wang, L. P., Hamaker, E., & Bergeman, C. S. (2012). Investigating inter-individual differences in short-term intra-individual variability. Psychological Methods, 17, 567-581. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ a0029317
    • (2012) Psychological Methods , vol.17 , pp. 567-581
    • Wang, L.P.1    Hamaker, E.2    Bergeman, C.S.3
  • 110
    • 34248343370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different slopes for different folks: Self-esteem instability and gender as moderators of the relationship between self-esteem and attitudinal aggression
    • Webster, G. D., Kirkpatrick, L. A., Nezlek, J. B., Smith, C. V., & Paddock, E. L. (2007). Different slopes for different folks: Self-esteem instability and gender as moderators of the relationship between self-esteem and attitudinal aggression. Self and Identity, 6, 74-94. http://dx.doi.org/10 .1080/15298860600920488
    • (2007) Self and Identity , vol.6 , pp. 74-94
    • Webster, G.D.1    Kirkpatrick, L.A.2    Nezlek, J.B.3    Smith, C.V.4    Paddock, E.L.5
  • 111
    • 33646191439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discrepancies between implicit and explicit selfesteem: Implications for narcissism and self-esteem instability
    • Zeigler-Hill, V. (2006). Discrepancies between implicit and explicit selfesteem: Implications for narcissism and self-esteem instability. Journal of Personality, 74, 119 -144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494 .2005.00371.x
    • (2006) Journal of Personality , vol.74 , pp. 119 -144
    • Zeigler-Hill, V.1
  • 112
    • 84876523437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A glimpse behind the mask: Facets of narcissism and feelings of self-worth
    • Zeigler-Hill, V., & Besser, A. (2013). A glimpse behind the mask: Facets of narcissism and feelings of self-worth. Journal of Personality Assessment, 95, 249-260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2012.717150
    • (2013) Journal of Personality Assessment , vol.95 , pp. 249-260
    • Zeigler-Hill, V.1    Besser, A.2
  • 113
    • 41649096962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological defense and self-esteem instability: Is defense style associated with unstable self-esteem?
    • Zeigler-Hill, V., Chadha, S., & Osterman, L. (2008). Psychological defense and self-esteem instability: Is defense style associated with unstable self-esteem? Journal of Research in Personality, 42, 348-364. http://dx .doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2007.06.002
    • (2008) Journal of Research in Personality , vol.42 , pp. 348-364
    • Zeigler-Hill, V.1    Chadha, S.2    Osterman, L.3
  • 114
    • 84920942051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-esteem instability and personality: The connections between feelings of self-worth and the Big Five dimensions of personality
    • Zeigler-Hill, V., Holden, C. J., Enjaian, B., Southard, A. C., Besser, A., Li, H., & Zhang, Q. (2015). Self-esteem instability and personality: The connections between feelings of self-worth and the Big Five dimensions of personality. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 41, 183-198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167214559719
    • (2015) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.41 , pp. 183-198
    • Zeigler-Hill, V.1    Holden, C.J.2    Enjaian, B.3    Southard, A.C.4    Besser, A.5    Li, H.6    Zhang, Q.7
  • 115
    • 77950056587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The fragile self-esteem of narcissists
    • In J. C. Hagen & E. I. Jensen (Eds.). Hauppauge, NY: Nova
    • Zeigler-Hill, V., & Myers, E. M. (2008). The fragile self-esteem of narcissists. In J. C. Hagen & E. I. Jensen (Eds.), Personality disorders: New research (pp. 69-88). Hauppauge, NY: Nova.
    • (2008) Personality disorders: New research , pp. 69-88
    • Zeigler-Hill, V.1    Myers, E.M.2
  • 116
    • 77950051578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Narcissism and self-esteem reactivity: The role of negative achievement events
    • Zeigler-Hill, V., Myers, E. M., & Clark, C. B. (2010). Narcissism and self-esteem reactivity: The role of negative achievement events. Journal of Research in Personality, 44, 285-292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp .2010.02.005
    • (2010) Journal of Research in Personality , vol.44 , pp. 285-292
    • Zeigler-Hill, V.1    Myers, E.M.2    Clark, C.B.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.