Continuity and change in self-esteem during emerging adulthood

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

Volumn 106, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 469-483

  Chung, Joanne M ^a   Robins, Richard W ^a   Trzesniewski, Kali H ^a   Noftle, Erik E ^b   Roberts, Brent W ^c   Widaman, Keith F ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b WILLAMETTE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

Author keywords

College transition; Emerging adulthood; Self esteem; Self perceived change

Indexed keywords

ACHIEVEMENT; ADOLESCENT; ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT; ADULT; EGO DEVELOPMENT; FEMALE; HUMAN; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; MALE; PHYSIOLOGY; PSYCHOLOGY; SELF CONCEPT; STUDENT; TIME; UNIVERSITY; YOUNG ADULT;

ACHIEVEMENT; ADOLESCENT; ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT; ADULT; FEMALE; HUMANS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT; SELF CONCEPT; STUDENTS; TIME FACTORS; UNIVERSITIES; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84895154049     PISSN: 00223514     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0035135     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. Arnett, J. J. (2011). Emerging adulthood(s): The cultural psychology of a new life stage. In L. A. Jensen (Ed.), Bridging cultural and developmental psychology: New syntheses in theory, research and policy (pp. 255-275). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
2. Beyer, S. (1999). Gender differences in the accuracy of grade expectancies and evaluations. Sex Roles, 41, 279-296. doi:10.1023/A: 1018810430105
3. Blyth, D. A., Simmons, R. G., & Bush, D. (1978). The transition into early adolescence: A longitudinal comparison of youth in two educational contexts. Sociology of Education, 51, 149-162. doi:10.2307/2112661
4. Bollen, K. A., & Curran, P. J. (2006). Wiley series on probability and mathematical statistics: Latent curve models: A structural equation approach. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
5. Caspi, A., & Roberts, B. W. (2001). Target article: Personality development across the life course: The argument for change and continuity. Psychological Inquiry, 12, 49-66. doi:10.1207/S15327965PLI1202_01
6. Conley, J. J. (1984). The hierarchy of consistency: A review and model of longitudinal findings on adult individual differences in intelligence, personality and self-opinion. Personality and Individual Differences, 5, 11-25. doi:10.1016/0191-8869(84)90133-8
7. Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1989). Personality continuity and the changes of adult life (pp. 41-77). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/10067-002
8. Crocker, J., & Luhtanen, R. K. (2003). Level of self-esteem and contingencies of self-worth: Unique effects on academic, social and financial problems in college students. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 701-712. doi:10.1177/0146167203029006003
9. Donnellan, M. B., Kenny, D. A., Trzesniewski, K. H., Lucas, R. E., & Conger, R. D. (2012). Using trait-state models to evaluate the longitudinal consistency of global self-esteem from adolescence to adulthood. Journal of Research in Personality, 46, 634-645. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2012.07.005
10. Donnellan, M. B., Trzesniewski, K. H., Robins, R. W., Moffitt, T. E., & Caspi, A. (2005). Low self-esteem is related to aggression, antisocial behavior, and delinquency. Psychological Science, 16, 328-335. doi: 10.1111/j.0956-7976.2005.01535.x
11. Eccles, J. S., Wigfield, A., Flanagan, C. A., & Miller, C. (1989). Selfconcepts, domain values, and self-esteem: Relations and changes at early adolescence. Journal of Personality, 57, 283-310. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1989.tb00484.x
12. Eccles, J. S., Wigfield, A., Midgley, C., & Reuman, D. (1993). Negative effects of traditional middle schools on students' motivation. The Elementary School Journal, 93, 553-574. doi:10.1086/461740
13. Erikson, E. H. (1964). Childhood and society. New York, NY: Norton.
14. Erol, R. Y., & Orth, U. (2011). Self-esteem development from age 14 to 30 years: A longitudinal study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101, 607-619. doi:10.1037/a0024299
15. Farwell, L., & Wohlwend-Lloyd, R. (1998). Narcissistic processes: Optimistic expectations, favorable self-evaluations, and self-enhancing attributions. Journal of Personality, 66, 65-83. doi:10.1111/1467-6494.00003
16. Fleeson, W., & Heckhausen, J. (1997). More or less "me" in past, present, and future: Perceived lifetime personality during adulthood. Psychology and Aging, 12, 125-136. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.12.1.125
17. Garavalia, L. S., & Gredler, M. E. (2002). An exploratory study of academic goal setting, achievement calibration and self-regulated learning. Journal of Instructional Psychology, 29, 221-230.
18. Gosling, S. D., Rentfrow, P. J., & Swann, W. B. (2003). A very brief measure of the Big-Five personality domains. Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 504-528. doi:10.1016/S0092-6566(03)00046-1
19. Hansford, B. C., & Hattie, J. A. (1982). The relationship between self and achievement/performance measures. Review of Educational Research, 52, 123-142.
20. Harter, S. (1999). The construction of the self: A developmental perspective. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
21. Haslam, N., Bastian, B., Fox, C., & Whelan, J. (2007). Beliefs about personality change and continuity. Personality and Individual Differences, 42, 1621-1631. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2006.11.001
22. Herbst, J. H., McCrae, R. R., Costa, P. T., Feaganes, J. R., & Siegler, I. C. (2000). Self-perceptions of stability and change in personality at midlife: The UNC alumni heart study. Assessment, 7, 379-388. doi:10.1177/107319110000700406
23. Hirsch, B. J., & Rapkin, B. D. (1987). The transition to junior high school: A longitudinal study of self-esteem, psychological symptomatology, school life, and social support. Child Development, 58, 1235-1243. doi:10.2307/1130617
24. Hormuth, S. E. (1990). The ecology of the self: Relocation and self-concept change. New York NY: Cambridge University Press.
25. Kuster, F., & Orth, U. (2013). The long-term stability of self-esteem: Its time-dependent decay and nonzero asymptote. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 39, 677-690. doi:10.1177/0146167213480189
26. Kwan, V. S. Y., John, O. P., Kenny, D. A., Bond, M. H., & Robins, R. W. (2004). Reconceptualizing individual differences in self-enhancement bias: An interpersonal approach. Psychological Review, 111, 94-110. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.111.1.94
27. Marsh, H. W. (1989). Age and sex effects in multiple dimensions of self-concept: Preadolescence to early adulthood. Journal of Educational Psychology, 81, 417-430. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.81.3.417
28. Marsh, H. W., & Craven, R. G. (2006). Reciprocal effects of self-concept and performance from a multidimensional perspective: Beyond seductive pleasure and unidimensional perspectives. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1, 133-163.
29. Marsh, H. W., & Hau, K. (2003). Big-fish-little-pond effect on academic self-concept: A cross-cultural (26-country) test of the negative effects of academically selective schools. American Psychologist, 58, 364-376. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.58.5.364
30. McArdle, J. J., & Hamagami, F. (2001). Latent difference score structural models for linear dynamic analyses with incomplete longitudinal data. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/10409-005
31. Noftle, E. E., & Robins, R. W. (2007). Personality predictors of academic outcomes: Big Five correlates of GPA and SAT scores. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93, 116-130. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.93.1.116
32. Nottleman, E. D. (1987). Concurrent and predictive relations between hormone levels and socio-emotional functioning in early adolescence. Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Baltimore, M.D.
33. Nowell, C., & Alston, R. M. (2007). I thought I got an A! Overconfidence across the economics curriculum. Journal of Economic Education, 38, 131-142. doi:10.3200/JECE.38.2.131-142
34. Orth, U., Robins, R. W., & Meier, L. L. (2009). Disentangling the effects of low self-esteem and stressful events on depression: Findings from three longitudinal studies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97, 307-321. doi:10.1037/a0015645
35. Orth, U., Robins, R. W., & Roberts, B. W. (2008). Low self-esteem prospectively predicts depression in adolescence and young adulthood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95, 695-708. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.95.3.695
36. Orth, U., Robins, R. W., & Widaman, K. F. (2012). Life-span development of self-esteem and its effects on important life outcomes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102, 1271-1288. doi:10.1037/a0025558
37. Orth, U., Trzesniewski, K. H., & Robins, R. W. (2010). Self-esteem development from young adulthood to old age: A cohort-sequential longitudinal study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 98, 645-658. doi:10.1037/a0018769
38. Pals, J. L. (1999). Identity consolidation in early adulthood: Relations with ego-resiliency, the context of marriage, and personality change. Journal of Personality, 67, 295-329. doi:10.1111/1467-6494.00057
39. Paulhus, D. L. (1998). Interpersonal and intrapsychic adaptiveness of trait self-enhancement: A mixed blessing? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1197-1208. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.74.5.1197
40. Postmes, T., Haslam, S. A., & Jans, L. (2012). A single-item measure of social identification: Reliability, validity, and utility. British Journal of Social Psychology. Advance online publication. doi:10.1111/bjso.12006
41. Pritchard, M. E., Wilson, G. S., & Yamnitz, B. (2007). What predicts adjustment among college students? A longitudinal panel study. Journal of American College Health, 56, 15-22. doi:10.3200/JACH.56.1.15-22
42. Roberts, B. W., & DelVecchio, W. F. (2000). The rank-order consistency of personality traits from childhood to old age: A quantitative review of longitudinal studies. Psychological Bulletin, 126, 3-25. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.126.1.3
43. Roberts, B. W., & Mroczek, D. (2008). Personality trait change in adulthood. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17, 31-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8721.2008.00543.x
44. Roberts, B. W., Wood, D., & Caspi, A. (2008). The development of personality traits in adulthood. In O. P. John, R. W. Robins, & L. A. Pervin (Eds.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (pp. 375-398). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
45. Robins, R. W., & Beer, J. S. (2001). Positive illusions about the self: Short-term benefits and long-term costs. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 340-352. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.80.2.340
46. Robins, R. W., Fraley, R. C., Roberts, B. W., & Trzesniewski, K. H. (2001). A longitudinal study of personality change in young adulthood. Journal of Personality, 69, 617-640. doi:10.1111/1467-6494.694157
47. Robins, R. W., Hendin, H. M., & Trzesniewski, K. H. (2001). Measuring global self-esteem: Construct validation of a single-item measure and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 151-161. doi:10.1177/0146167201272002
48. Robins, R. W., Noftle, E. E., Trzesniewski, K. H., & Roberts, B. W. (2005). Do people know how their personality has changed? Correlates of perceived and actual personality change in young adulthood. Journal of Personality, 73, 489-522. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00317.x
49. Robins, R. W., & Pals, J. L. (2002). Implicit self-theories in the academic domain: Implications for goal orientation, attributions, affect, and selfesteem change. Self and Identity, 1, 313-336. doi:10.1080/15298860290106805
50. Robins, R. W., Tracy, J. L., Trzesniewski, K., Potter, J., & Gosling, S. D. (2001). Personality correlates of self-esteem. Journal of Research in Personality, 35, 463-482. doi:10.1006/jrpe.2001.2324
51. Robins, R. W., & Trzesniewski, K. H. (2005). Self-esteem development across the lifespan. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14, 158-162.
52. Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
53. Rutter, M. (1996). Transitions and turning points in developmental psychopathology: As applied to the age span between childhood and midadulthood. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 19, 603-626.
54. Schriber, R. A., & Robins, R. W. (2012). Self-knowledge: An individualdifferences perspective. In S. Vazire & T. D. Wilson (Eds.), Handbook of self-knowledge (pp. 105-127). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
55. Shim, S. S., Ryan, A. M., & Cassady, J. (2012). Changes in self-esteem across the first year in college: The role of achievement goals. Educational Psychology, 32, 149-167. doi:10.1080/01443410.2011.627837
56. Simmons, R. G., Blyth, D. A., Van Cleave, E. F., & Bush, D. (1979). Entry into adolescence: The impact of school structure, puberty, and early dating on self-esteem. American Sociological Review, 44, 948-967. doi:10.2307/2094719
57. Staudinger, U. M., Bluck, S., & Herzberg, P. Y. (2003). Looking back and looking ahead: Adult age differences in consistency of diachronous ratings of subjective well-being. Psychology and Aging, 18, 13-24. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.18.1.13
58. Svanum, S., & Aigner, C. (2011). The influences of course effort, mastery and performance goals, grade expectancies, and earned course grades on student ratings of course satisfaction. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 81, 667-679. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8279.2010.02011.x
59. Swann, W. B., Chang-Schneider, C., & Larsen McClarty, K. (2007). Do people's self-views matter? Self-concept and self-esteem in everyday life. American Psychologist, 62, 84-94. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.62.2.84
60. Trzesniewski, K. H., Donnellan, M. B., Moffitt, T. E., Robins, R. W., Poulton, R., & Caspi, A. (2006). Low self-esteem during adolescence predicts poor health, criminal behavior, and limited economic prospects during adulthood. Developmental Psychology, 42, 381-390. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.42.2.381
61. Trzesniewski, K. H., Donnellan, M. B., & Robins, R. W. (2003). Stability of self-esteem across the life span. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 205-220. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.84.1.205
62. Twenge, J. M. (2006). Generation me: Why today's young Americans are more confident, assertive, entitled-and more miserable than ever before. New York, NY: Free Press.
63. Valentine, J. C., DuBois, D. L., & Cooper, H. (2004). The relation between self-beliefs and academic achievement: A meta-analytic review. Educational Psychologist, 39, 111-133.
64. van der Velde, M. E. G., Feij, J. A., & Taris, T. W. (1995). Stability and change of person characteristics among young adults: The effect of the transition from school to work. Personality and Individual Differences, 18, 89-99. Wagner, J., Lüdtke, O., Jonkmann, K., & Trautwein, U. (2013). Cherish yourself: Longitudinal patterns and conditions of self-esteem change in the transition to young adulthood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 104, 148-163. doi:10.1037/a0029680
65. Wendorf, C. A. (2002). Grade point average and changes in (great) grade expectations. Teaching of Psychology, 29, 136-159. doi:10.1207/S15328023TOP2902_13
66. White, R. W. (1966). Lives in progress: A study of the natural growth of personality (2nd ed.). Oxford, England: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
67. Wigfield, A., & Eccles, J. S. (1994). Children's competence beliefs, achievement values, and general self-esteem: Change across elementary and middle school. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 14, 107-138. doi:10.1177/027243169401400203
68. Williams, J. M., & Currie, C. (2000). Self-esteem and physical development in early adolescence: Pubertal timing and body image. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 20, 129-149. doi:10.1177/0272431600020002002
69. Wilson, A. E., & Ross, M. (2001). From chump to champ: People's appraisals of their earlier and present selves. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 572-584. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.80.4.572
70. Woodruff, D. S. (1983). The role of memory in personality continuity: A 25 year follow-up. Experimental Aging Research, 9, 31-34.
71. Woodruff, D. S., & Birren, J. E. (1972). Age changes and cohort difference in personality. Developmental Psychology, 6, 252-259. doi:10.1037/h0032086