메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 21, Issue 6, 2017, Pages 912-934

Vulnerability Assessment of Unreinforced Masonry Churches Following the 2010–2011 Canterbury Earthquake Sequence

Author keywords

Damage Probability Matrices; Statistical Regressions; Unreinforced Masonry Churches; Vulnerability Assessment; Vulnerability Modifiers

Indexed keywords

DECISION MAKING; EARTHQUAKES; GEOPHYSICS; MASONRY MATERIALS; MATRIX ALGEBRA; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RELIGIOUS BUILDINGS;

EID: 84991035246     PISSN: 13632469     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13632469.2016.1206761     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (33)

References (65)
  • 2
    • 84954497120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection of Ground Motion Prediction Equations for Seismic Hazard Analysis of Peninsular India
    • Anbazhagan, P., Sreenivas, M., Ketan, B., Moustafa, S.S., and Al-Arifi, N.S.N., [2015] “Selection of Ground Motion Prediction Equations for Seismic Hazard Analysis of Peninsular India,” Journal of Earthquake Engineering 20(5), 699–737. doi:10.1080/13632469.2015.1104747.
    • (2015) Journal of Earthquake Engineering , vol.20 , Issue.5 , pp. 699-737
    • Anbazhagan, P.1    Sreenivas, M.2    Ketan, B.3    Moustafa, S.S.4    Al-Arifi, N.S.N.5
  • 3
    • 84906991898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identifying seismic local collapse mechanisms in unreinforced masonry buildings through 3D laser scanning
    • Andreotti, C., Liberatore, D., and Sorrentino L., [2014] “Identifying seismic local collapse mechanisms in unreinforced masonry buildings through 3D laser scanning,” Key Engineering Materials 628, 79–84. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.628.79.
    • (2014) Key Engineering Materials , vol.628 , pp. 79-84
    • Andreotti, C.1    Liberatore, D.2    Sorrentino, L.3
  • 5
    • 84867010724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of the 2010–2012 Canterbury earthquake sequence
    • Bannister, S., and Gledhill, K., [2012] “Evolution of the 2010–2012 Canterbury earthquake sequence,” New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 55(3), 295–304.
    • (2012) New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics , vol.55 , Issue.3 , pp. 295-304
    • Bannister, S.1    Gledhill, K.2
  • 6
    • 0002792902 scopus 로고
    • Sulla vulnerabilità sismica degli edifici in muratura: un metodo di valutazione
    • Italian:
    • Benedetti, D., and Petrini, V., [1984] “Sulla vulnerabilità sismica degli edifici in muratura:un metodo di valutazione,” L’Industria delle Costruzioni 149, 66–74. In Italian.
    • (1984) L’Industria delle Costruzioni , pp. 149, 66-74
    • Benedetti, D.1    Petrini, V.2
  • 9
    • 34547506166 scopus 로고
    • Application of coupled analytical models and experimental knowledge to seismic vulnerability analyses of masonry buildings
    • Koridze A., (ed), Omega Scientific, Oxon, U.K:
    • Bernardini, A., Gori, R., and Modena, C., [1990] “Application of coupled analytical models and experimental knowledge to seismic vulnerability analyses of masonry buildings,” in Engineering Damage Evaluation and Vulnerability Analysis of Building Structures, ed A., Koridze (Omega Scientific, Oxon, U.K), pp. 161–180.
    • (1990) Engineering Damage Evaluation and Vulnerability Analysis of Building Structures , pp. 161-180
    • Bernardini, A.1    Gori, R.2    Modena, C.3
  • 10
    • 84904598941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ground motion and seismic source aspects of the Canterbury earthquake sequence
    • Bradley, B. A., Quigley, M. C., Van Dissen, R. J., and Litchfield, N. J., [2014] “Ground motion and seismic source aspects of the Canterbury earthquake sequence,” Earthquake Spectra 30(1), 1–15.
    • (2014) Earthquake Spectra , vol.30 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-15
    • Bradley, B.A.1    Quigley, M.C.2    Van Dissen, R.J.3    Litchfield, N.J.4
  • 13
    • 85022167251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canterbury Earthquake Recovery Authority (CERA) [2014] “Demolitions List.” Available at http://cera.govt.nz/demolitions/list. Accessed November 5, 2014
    • (2014) Demolitions List , vol.5
  • 14
    • 84864689592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macro-scale analysis of damage to churches after earthquake in Abruzzo (Italy) on April 6, 2009
    • da Porto, F., Silva, B., Costa, C., and Modena, C., [2012] “Macro-scale analysis of damage to churches after earthquake in Abruzzo (Italy) on April 6, 2009,” Journal of Earthquake Engineering 16(6), 739–758. doi:10.1080/13632469.2012.685207.
    • (2012) Journal of Earthquake Engineering , vol.16 , Issue.6 , pp. 739-758
    • da Porto, F.1    Silva, B.2    Costa, C.3    Modena, C.4
  • 16
    • 0142188729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Definition of collapse mechanisms and seismic vulnerability of historic masonry buildings
    • D’Ayala, D., and Speranza, E., [2003] “Definition of collapse mechanisms and seismic vulnerability of historic masonry buildings,” Earthquake Spectra 19(3), 479–509. doi:10.1193/1.1599896.
    • (2003) Earthquake Spectra , vol.19 , Issue.3 , pp. 479-509
    • D’Ayala, D.1    Speranza, E.2
  • 17
    • 84894614276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the seismic vulnerability of masonry buildings
    • Tesfamariam S., (ed), K. Goda (Woodhead publishing, Sawston, Cambridge
    • D’Ayala, D., [2013] “Assessing the seismic vulnerability of masonry buildings,” in Handbook of Seismic Risk Analysis and Management of Civil Infrastructure Systems, eds. S., Tesfamariam and K. Goda (Woodhead publishing, Sawston, Cambridge), pp. 334–365.
    • (2013) Handbook of Seismic Risk Analysis and Management of Civil Infrastructure Systems , pp. 334-365
    • D’Ayala, D.1
  • 19
    • 17444378966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New developments in seismic risk assessment in Italy
    • Di Pasquale, G., Orsini, G., and Romeo, R.W., [2005] “New developments in seismic risk assessment in Italy,” Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 3(1), 101–128. doi:10.1007/s10518-005-0202-1.
    • (2005) Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 101-128
    • Di Pasquale, G.1    Orsini, G.2    Romeo, R.W.3
  • 21
    • 27844470065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Earthquake damage scenarios of the building stock of Potenza (Southern Italy) including site effects
    • Dolce, M., Masi, A., Marino M., and Vona, M., [2003] “Earthquake damage scenarios of the building stock of Potenza (Southern Italy) including site effects,” Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 1(1), 115–140. doi:10.1023/A:1024809511362.
    • (2003) Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 115-140
    • Dolce, M.1    Masi, A.2    Marino, M.3    Vona, M.4
  • 22
    • 0030173683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Modified Mercalli earthquake intensity scale; revisions arising from recent studies of New Zealand earthquakes
    • Dowrick, D. J., [1996] “The Modified Mercalli earthquake intensity scale; revisions arising from recent studies of New Zealand earthquakes,” Bulletin of the New Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering 29, 92–106.
    • (1996) Bulletin of the New Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering , vol.29 , pp. 92-106
    • Dowrick, D.J.1
  • 23
    • 85022128730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Valutazione e riduzione del rischio sismico del patrimonio culturale con riferimento alle Norme tecniche per le costruzioni di cui al DM 14 gennaio 2008
    • n. 47 del 26 febbraio 2009, Supplemento Ordinario n. 54. In Italian
    • Direttiva del Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri (DPCM) [2011] “Valutazione e riduzione del rischio sismico del patrimonio culturale con riferimento alle Norme tecniche per le costruzioni di cui al DM 14 gennaio 2008,” Gazzetta Ufficiale della Repubblica Italiana n. 47 del 26 febbraio 2009, Supplemento Ordinario n. 54. In Italian.
    • (2011) Gazzetta Ufficiale della Repubblica Italiana
  • 25
    • 84913430262 scopus 로고
    • The Modified Mercalli scale of earthquake intensity and its use in New Zealand
    • Eiby, G. A., [1966] “The Modified Mercalli scale of earthquake intensity and its use in New Zealand,” New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 9, 122–129.
    • (1966) New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics , vol.9 , pp. 122-129
    • Eiby, G.A.1
  • 26
    • 0025385599 scopus 로고
    • Ground acceleration near St Michael’s Church during the 1886 Charleston, SC, Earthquake
    • Elton, D. J., and Marciano, E. A., [1990] “Ground acceleration near St Michael’s Church during the 1886 Charleston, SC, Earthquake,” Earthquake Spectra 6, 81–103. doi:10.1193/1.1585559.
    • (1990) Earthquake Spectra , vol.6 , pp. 81-103
    • Elton, D.J.1    Marciano, E.A.2
  • 27
    • 40249090113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generation of fragility curves for Turkish masonry buildings considering in-plane failure modes
    • Erberik, M. A., [2008] “Generation of fragility curves for Turkish masonry buildings considering in-plane failure modes,” Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics 37(3), 387–405. doi:10.1002/eqe.760.
    • (2008) Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics , vol.37 , Issue.3 , pp. 387-405
    • Erberik, M.A.1
  • 28
    • 48149095171 scopus 로고
    • Restauro e sicurezza sismica. La cattedrale di S. Angelo dei Lombardi
    • Giuffrè, A., [1988] “Restauro e sicurezza sismica. La cattedrale di S. Angelo dei Lombardi,” Palladio, nuova serie 1, 95–120. In Italian.
    • (1988) Palladio, nuova serie , vol.1 , pp. 95-120
    • Giuffrè, A.1
  • 29
    • 84901039829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the Severe-Damage Online Felt Reports for the Canterbury (New Zealand) 2011 Aftershocks on 22 February Mw 6.2, 13 June Mw 6.0, and 23 December Mw 6.0
    • Goded, T., Cousins, W. J., and Fenaughty, K. F., [2014a] “Analysis of the Severe-Damage Online Felt Reports for the Canterbury (New Zealand) 2011 Aftershocks on 22 February Mw 6.2, 13 June Mw 6.0, and 23 December Mw 6.0,” Seismological Research Letters 85(3), 678–691. doi:10.1785/0220130198.
    • (2014) Seismological Research Letters , vol.85 , Issue.3 , pp. 678-691
    • Goded, T.1    Cousins, W.J.2    Fenaughty, K.F.3
  • 31
    • 84869025022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Afecciones ocasionadas por el terremoto en el conjunto de panteones históricos del cementerio de San Clemente, iglesia de Santa María, iglesia de San Pedro y la Fuente del Oro de Lorca, Murcia
    • González Ballesteros, J. Á., Gallardo Carrillo, J., and López Aguilera, V., [2012] “Afecciones ocasionadas por el terremoto en el conjunto de panteones históricos del cementerio de San Clemente, iglesia de Santa María, iglesia de San Pedro y la Fuente del Oro de Lorca, Murcia,” Boletin Geologico y Minero 123, 537–548. In Spanish.
    • (2012) Boletin Geologico y Minero , vol.123 , pp. 537-548
    • González Ballesteros, J.Á.1    Gallardo Carrillo, J.2    López Aguilera, V.3
  • 34
    • 33746496091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Los sismos de Enero y Febrero de 2001 en El Salvador y su impacto en las iglesias del patrimonio cultural
    • Guevara, P. L. T., and Sanchez-Ramirez, A. R., [2005] “Los sismos de Enero y Febrero de 2001 en El Salvador y su impacto en las iglesias del patrimonio cultural,” Boletin Tecnico, Instituto de Materiales y Modelos Estructurales 43, 28–57. In Spanish.
    • (2005) Boletin Tecnico, Instituto de Materiales y Modelos Estructurales , vol.43 , pp. 28-57
    • Guevara, P.L.T.1    Sanchez-Ramirez, A.R.2
  • 35
    • 0031272588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of building damage functions for earthquake loss estimation
    • Kircher, C. A., Nassar, A. A., Kustu, O., and Holmes, W. T., [1997] “Development of building damage functions for earthquake loss estimation,” Earthquake Spectra 13(4), 663–682. doi:10.1193/1.1585974.
    • (1997) Earthquake Spectra , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 663-682
    • Kircher, C.A.1    Nassar, A.A.2    Kustu, O.3    Holmes, W.T.4
  • 37
    • 4344682932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Damage and vulnerability assessment of churches after the 2002 Molise, Italy, earthquake
    • Lagomarsino, S., and Podestà, S., [2004a] “Damage and vulnerability assessment of churches after the 2002 Molise, Italy, earthquake,” Earthquake Spectra 20(S1), 271–283. doi:10.1193/1.1767161.
    • (2004) Earthquake Spectra , vol.20S1 , pp. 271-283
    • Lagomarsino, S.1    Podestà, S.2
  • 38
    • 2942637961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seismic vulnerability of ancient churches: II. Statistical analysis of surveyed data and methods for risk analysis
    • Lagomarsino, S., and Podestà, S., [2004b] “Seismic vulnerability of ancient churches:II. Statistical analysis of surveyed data and methods for risk analysis,” Earthquake Spectra 20(2), 395–412. doi:10.1193/1.1737736.
    • (2004) Earthquake Spectra , vol.20 , Issue.2 , pp. 395-412
    • Lagomarsino, S.1    Podestà, S.2
  • 40
    • 33751549957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the vulnerability assessment of monumental buildings
    • Lagomarsino, S., [2006] “On the vulnerability assessment of monumental buildings,” Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 4, 445–463. doi:10.1007/s10518-006-9025-y.
    • (2006) Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering , vol.4 , pp. 445-463
    • Lagomarsino, S.1
  • 41
    • 84855911955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Damage assessment of churches after L’Aquila earthquake (2009)
    • Lagomarsino, S., [2012] “Damage assessment of churches after L’Aquila earthquake (2009),” Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 10, 73–92. doi:10.1007/s10518-011-9307-x.
    • (2012) Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering , vol.10 , pp. 73-92
    • Lagomarsino, S.1
  • 42
    • 0348094875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Institute of Structural Engineering (IBK), ETH Zurich, 273, vdf Hochschulverlag, Zurich:
    • Lang, K., [2002] “Seismic vulnerability of existing buildings,” Institute of Structural Engineering (IBK), ETH Zurich, Report No. 273, vdf Hochschulverlag, Zurich.
    • (2002) Seismic vulnerability of existing buildings
    • Lang, K.1
  • 43
    • 84874172693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical assessment of damage to churches affected by the 2010–2011 Canterbury (New Zealand) earthquake sequence
    • Leite, J., Lourenço, P. B., and Ingham, J. M., [2013] “Statistical assessment of damage to churches affected by the 2010–2011 Canterbury (New Zealand) earthquake sequence,” Journal of Earthquake Engineering 17(1), 73–97. doi:10.1080/13632469.2012.713562.
    • (2013) Journal of Earthquake Engineering , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 73-97
    • Leite, J.1    Lourenço, P.B.2    Ingham, J.M.3
  • 44
    • 84888017528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stabilisation of the Cathedral of the Blessed Sacrament following the Canterbury earthquakes
    • Lester, J. R., Brown, A. G., and Ingham, J. M., [2013] “Stabilisation of the Cathedral of the Blessed Sacrament following the Canterbury earthquakes,” Engineering Failure Analysis 34, 648–669. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2013.01.041.
    • (2013) Engineering Failure Analysis , vol.34 , pp. 648-669
    • Lester, J.R.1    Brown, A.G.2    Ingham, J.M.3
  • 47
    • 84888029930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simplified indexes for the seismic assessment of masonry buildings: International database and validation
    • Lourenço, P. B., Oliveira, D. V., Leite, J. C., Ingham, J. M., Modena, C., and da Porto, F., [2013] “Simplified indexes for the seismic assessment of masonry buildings:International database and validation,” Engineering Failure Analysis 34, 585–605. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2013.02.014.
    • (2013) Engineering Failure Analysis , vol.34 , pp. 585-605
    • Lourenço, P.B.1    Oliveira, D.V.2    Leite, J.C.3    Ingham, J.M.4    Modena, C.5    da Porto, F.6
  • 50
    • 84904623750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The demise of the URM building stock in Christchurch during the 2010/2011 Canterbury earthquake sequence
    • Moon, L., Dizhur, D., Senaldi, I., Derakhshan, H., Griffith, M., Magenes, G., and Ingham, J. M., [2014] “The demise of the URM building stock in Christchurch during the 2010/2011 Canterbury earthquake sequence,” Earthquake Spectra 30(1), 253–276. doi:10.1193/022113EQS044M.
    • (2014) Earthquake Spectra , vol.30 , Issue.1 , pp. 253-276
    • Moon, L.1    Dizhur, D.2    Senaldi, I.3    Derakhshan, H.4    Griffith, M.5    Magenes, G.6    Ingham, J.M.7
  • 51
    • 84908508048 scopus 로고
    • New Zealand Standards Institute, Wellington, New Zealand:
    • New Zealand Standards Institute (NZSI) [1965] New Zealand Standard Model Building By-Law, New Zealand Standards Institute, Wellington, New Zealand.
    • (1965) New Zealand Standard Model Building By-Law
  • 52
    • 78650901801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presidenza Consiglio dei Ministri—Dipartimento della Protezione Civile Ministero Beni e Attività Culturali (PCM-DPC MiBAC) [2006] “Model A-DC Scheda per il rilievo del danno ai beni culturali—Chiese,” Available at http://www.protezionecivile.gov.it/resources/cms/documents/MOD_SCHEDA_DANNO_CHIESE_2006.pdf. In Italian.
    • (2006) Model A-DC Scheda per il rilievo del danno ai beni culturali—Chiese
  • 53
    • 85022163252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estudio de danos originados a las iglesias de la ciudad de Merida por la accion de los terremotos de 1812 y 1894
    • Rivera, De Uzcàtegui, A. I., and Torres B. R. A., [1997] “Estudio de danos originados a las iglesias de la ciudad de Merida por la accion de los terremotos de 1812 y 1894,” Boletin Tecnico, Instituto de Materiales y Modelos Estructurales 35, 10–21. In Spanish.
    • (1997) Boletin Tecnico, Instituto de Materiales y Modelos Estructurales , vol.35 , pp. 10-21
    • De, R.1    Uzcàtegui, A.I.2    Torres, B.R.A.3
  • 56
    • 0030418872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Method for probabilistic evaluation of seismic structural damage
    • Singhal, A., and Kiremidjian, A. S., [1996] “Method for probabilistic evaluation of seismic structural damage,” Journal of Structural Engineering 122(12), 1459–1467. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1996)122:12(1459).
    • (1996) Journal of Structural Engineering , vol.122 , Issue.12 , pp. 1459-1467
    • Singhal, A.1    Kiremidjian, A.S.2
  • 57
    • 0020221356 scopus 로고
    • Proc. of the 7th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Athens, Greece:
    • Sofronie, R., [1982] “Behaviour of eastern churches in earthquakes,” Proc. of the 7th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 3, Athens, Greece, pp. 287–294.
    • (1982) Behaviour of eastern churches in earthquakes , vol.3 , pp. 287-294
    • Sofronie, R.1
  • 59
    • 84906970114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observations of out-of-plane rocking in the Oratory of San Giuseppe dei Minimi during the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake
    • Sorrentino, L., Alshawa, O., and Liberatore, D., [2014b] “Observations of out-of-plane rocking in the Oratory of San Giuseppe dei Minimi during the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake,” Applied Mechanics and Materials 621, 101–106. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.621.101.
    • (2014) Applied Mechanics and Materials , vol.621 , pp. 101-106
    • Sorrentino, L.1    Alshawa, O.2    Liberatore, D.3
  • 60
    • 84876685227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The behaviour of vernacular buildings in the 2012 Emilia earthquakes
    • Sorrentino, L., Liberatore, L., Liberatore, D., and Masiani, R., [2014c] “The behaviour of vernacular buildings in the 2012 Emilia earthquakes,” Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 12(5), 2367–2382. doi:10.1007/s10518-013-9455-2.
    • (2014) Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering , vol.12 , Issue.5 , pp. 2367-2382
    • Sorrentino, L.1    Liberatore, L.2    Liberatore, D.3    Masiani, R.4
  • 62
    • 33947699398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Church repair swarms and earthquakes in Rhodes Island, Greece
    • Stiros, S., Papageorgiou, S., Kontogianni, V., and Psimoulis, P., [2006] “Church repair swarms and earthquakes in Rhodes Island, Greece,” Journal of Seismology 10, 527–537. doi:10.1007/s10950-006-9035-x.
    • (2006) Journal of Seismology , vol.10 , pp. 527-537
    • Stiros, S.1    Papageorgiou, S.2    Kontogianni, V.3    Psimoulis, P.4
  • 63
    • 84881500224 scopus 로고
    • A revision of the Modified Mercalli seismic intensity scale
    • Study Group of the NZSEE [1992] “A revision of the Modified Mercalli seismic intensity scale,” New Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering 25(4), 345–357.
    • (1992) New Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering , vol.25 , Issue.4 , pp. 345-357
  • 64
    • 79960037906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seismic vulnerability and risk assessment: Case study of the historic city centre of Coimbra, Portugal
    • Vicente, R., Parodi, S., Lagomarsino, S., Varum, H., and Silva J. A. R. M., [2011] “Seismic vulnerability and risk assessment:Case study of the historic city centre of Coimbra, Portugal,” Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 9(4), 1067–1096. doi:10.1007/s10518-010-9233-3.
    • (2011) Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering , vol.9 , Issue.4 , pp. 1067-1096
    • Vicente, R.1    Parodi, S.2    Lagomarsino, S.3    Varum, H.4    Silva, J.A.R.M.5
  • 65
    • 0010981066 scopus 로고
    • Proc. of the 5th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Rome: Italy
    • Whitman, R. V., Reed, J. W., and Hong, S. T., [1973] “Earthquake damage probability matrices,” Proc. of the 5th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, vol. 2, Rome, Italy, pp. 2531–2540.
    • (1973) Earthquake damage probability matrices , vol.2 , pp. 2531-2540
    • Whitman, R.V.1    Reed, J.W.2    Hong, S.T.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.