Neurocognition in help-seeking individuals at risk for psychosis: Prediction of outcome after 24 months

Psychiatry Research

Volumn 246, Issue , 2016, Pages 188-194

  Metzler, Sibylle ^a   Dvorsky, Diane ^a   Wyss, Christine ^a   Nordt, Carlos ^a   Walitza, Susanne ^b   Heekeren, Karsten ^a   Rössler, Wulf ^a,c,d   Theodoridou, Anastasia ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF PSYCHIATRY ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^c Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Collegium Helveticum   (Switzerland)

^d UNIVERSITY OF SÃO PAULO   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Cognition; Neuropsychology; Prediction; Prodrome; Psychosis

Indexed keywords

ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENT;

ADULT; ANXIETY DISORDER; ARTICLE; BIPOLAR DISORDER; COGNITION; COGNITIVE DEFECT; COMORBIDITY; DEPRESSION; DISEASE COURSE; DISEASE SEVERITY; EATING DISORDER; FEMALE; HELP SEEKING BEHAVIOR; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HUMAN; INFORMATION PROCESSING; INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT; LEARNING; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SYNDROME SCALE; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; PSYCHOLOGIC ASSESSMENT; PSYCHOSIS; PSYCHOTRAUMA; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RISK ASSESSMENT; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SUBSTANCE ABUSE; SWITZERLAND; SYMPTOM; VERBAL BEHAVIOR; WORKING MEMORY; YOUNG ADULT; ADOLESCENT; DISEASE EXACERBATION; MEMORY; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; PRODROMAL SYMPTOM; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODEL; PSYCHOLOGY; RISK; SHORT TERM MEMORY;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION; DISEASE PROGRESSION; FEMALE; HELP-SEEKING BEHAVIOR; HUMANS; LEARNING; MALE; MEMORY; MEMORY, SHORT-TERM; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PRODROMAL SYMPTOMS; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS; RISK; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SCHIZOPHRENIC PSYCHOLOGY; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84990854984     PISSN: 01651781     EISSN: 18727123     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.08.065     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Andreasen, N.C., Pressler, M., Nopoulos, P., Miller, D., Ho, B.C., Antipsychotic dose equivalents and dose-years: a standardized method for comparing exposure to different drugs. Biol. Psychiatry 67:3 (2010), 255–262.
2. Aschenbrenner, A., Tucha, O., Lange, K., Regensburger Wortflüssigkeits-Test, 2000, Handanweisung. Hogrefe, Göttingen.
3. Aster, M., Neubauer, A., Horn, R., Wechsler Intelligenztest für Erwachsene (WIE): deutschsprachige Bearbeitung und Adaptation des WAIS-III von David Wechsler. 2006, Harcourt Test Services, Frankfurt am Main.
4. Bang, M., Kim, K.R., Song, Y.Y., Baek, S., Lee, E., An, S.K., Neurocognitive impairments in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis: who will really convert?. Aust. N. Z. J. Psychiatry 49:5 (2015), 462–470.
5. Beck, L.H., Bransome, E.D. Jr., Mirsky, A.F., Rosvold, H.E., Sarason, I., A continuous performance test of brain damage. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 20 (1956), 343–350.
6. Bergen, S.E., O'Dushlaine, C.T., Ripke, S., Lee, P.H., Ruderfer, D.M., Akterin, S., Moran, J.L., Chambert, K.D., Handsaker, R.E., Backlund, L., Ösby, U., McCarroll, S., Landen, M., Scolnick, E.M., Magnusson, P.K., Lichtenstein, P., Hultman, C.M., Purcell, S.M., Sklar, P., Sullivan, P.F., Genome-wide association study in a Swedish population yields support for greater CNV and MHC involvement in schizophrenia compared with bipolar disorder. Mol. Psychiatry 17:9 (2012), 880–886.
7. Bora, E., Murray, R.M., Meta-analysis of cognitive deficits in ultra-high risk to psychosis and first-episode psychosis: do the cognitive deficits progress over, or after, the onset of psychosis?. Schizophr. Bull. 40:4 (2014), 744–755.
8. Bora, E., Lin, A., Wood, S.J., Yung, A.R., McGorry, P.D., Pantelis, C., Cognitive deficits in youth with familial and clinical high risk to psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 130:1 (2014), 1–15.
9. Brewer, W.J., Wood, S.J., Phillips, L.J., Francey, S.M., Pantelis, C., Yung, A.R., Cornblatt, B., McGorry, P.D., Generalized and specific cognitive performance in clinical high-risk cohorts: a review highlighting potential vulnerability markers for psychosis. Schizophr. Bull. 32:3 (2006), 538–555.
10. Brewer, W.J., Francey, S.M., Wood, S.J., Jackson, H.J., Pantelis, C., Phillips, L.J., Yung, A.R., Anderson, V.A., McGorry, P.D., Memory impairments identified in people at ultra-high risk for psychosis who later develop first-episode psychosis. Am. J. Psychiatry 162:1 (2005), 71–78.
11. Cannon, M., Moffitt, T.E., Caspi, A., Murray, R.M., Harrington, H., Poulton, R., Neuropsychological performance at the age of 13 years and adult schizophreniform disorder: prospective birth cohort study. Br. J. Psychiatry 189 (2006), 463–464.
12. Carrión, R.E., McLaughlin, D., Auther, A.M., Olsen, R., Correll, C.U., Cornblatt, B.A., The impact of psychosis on the course of cognition: a prospective, nested case-control study in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis. Psychol. Med. 45:15 (2015), 3341–3354.
13. Carrión, R.E., McLaughlin, D., Goldberg, T.E., Auther, A.M., Olsen, R.H., Olvet, D.M., Correll, C.U., Cornblatt, B.A., Prediction of functional outcome in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis. JAMA Psychiatry 70:11 (2013), 1133–1142.
14. Corcoran, C.M., First, M.B., Cornblatt, B., The psychosis risk syndrome and its proposed inclusion in the DSM-V: a risk-benefit analysis. Schizophr. Res. 120:1–3 (2010), 16–22.
15. Cornblatt, B.A., Carrión, R.E., Auther, A., McLaughlin, D., Olsen, R.H., John, M., Correll, C.U., Psychosis prevention: a modified clinical high risk perspective from the Recognition and Prevention (RAP) program. Am. J. Psychiatry 172:10 (2015), 986–994.
16. De Herdt, A., Wampers, M., Vancampfort, D., De Hert, M., Vanhees, L., Demunter, H., Van Bouwel, L., Brunner, E., Probst, M., Neurocognition in clinical high risk young adults who did or did not convert to a first schizophrenic psychosis: a meta-analysis. Schizophr. Res. 149:1–3 (2013), 48–55.
17. Demjaha, A., MacCabe, J.H., Murray, R.M., How genes and environmental factors determine the different neurodevelopmental trajectories of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Schizophr. Bull. 38:2 (2012), 209–214.
18. De Paula, A.L.D., Hallak, J.E.C., Maia-de-Oliveira, J.P., Bressan, R.A., Machado-de-Sousa, J.P., Cognition in at-risk mental states for psychosis. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 57 (2015), 199–208.
19. Dunn, L.M., Dunn, L., Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test: deutschsprachige Fassung für Jugendliche und Erwachsene. 2003, Swets Test Services, Frankfurt Am Main.
20. Endicott, J., Spitzer, R.L., Fleiss, J.L., Cohen, J., The global assessment scale. A procedure for measuring overall severity of psychiatric disturbance. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 33:6 (1976), 766–771.
21. Francey, S.M., Jackson, H.J., Phillips, L.J., Wood, S.J., Yung, A.R., McGorry, P.D., Sustained attention in young people at high risk of psychosis does not predict transition to psychosis. Schizophr. Res. 79:1 (2005), 127–136.
22. Frommann, I., Pukrop, R., Brinkmeyer, J., Bechdolf, A., Ruhrmann, S., Berning, J., Decker, P., Riedel, M., Möller, H.J., Wölwer, W., Gaebel, W., Klosterkötter, J., Maier, W., Wagner, M., Neuropsychological profiles in different at-risk states of psychosis: executive control impairment in the early – and additional memory dysfunction in the late – prodromal state. Schizophr. Bull. 37:4 (2011), 861–873.
23. Fusar-Poli, P., Deste, G., Smieskova, R., Barlati, S., Yung, A.R., Howes, O., Stieglitz, R.D., Vita, A., McGuire, P., Borgwardt, S., Cognitive functioning in prodromal psychosis: a meta-analysis. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 69:6 (2012), 562–571.
24. Fusar-Poli, P., Bonoldi, I., Yung, A.R., Borgwardt, S., Kempton, M.J., Valmaggia, L., Barale, F., Caverzasi, E., McGuire, P., Predicting psychosis: meta-analysis of transition outcomes in individuals at high clinical risk. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 69:3 (2012), 220–229.
25. Fusar-Poli, P., Smieskova, R., Kempton, M.J., Ho, B.C., Andreasen, N.C., Borgwardt, S., Progressive brain changes in schizophrenia related to antipsychotic treatment? A meta-analysis of longitudinal MRI studies. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 37:8 (2013), 1680–1691.
26. Fusar-Poli, P., Cappucciati, M., Borgwardt, S., Woods, S.W., Addington, J., Nelson, B., Nieman, D.H., Stahl, D.R., Rutigliano, G., Riecher-Rössler, A., Simon, A.E., Mizuno, M., Lee, T.Y., Kwon, J.S., Lam, M.M., Perez, J., Keri, S., Amminger, P., Metzler, S., Kawohl, W., Rössler, W., Lee, J., Labad, J., Ziermans, T., An, S.K., Liu, C.C., Woodberry, K.A., Braham, A., Corcoran, C., McGorry, P., Yung, A.R., McGuire, P.K., Heterogeneity of psychosis risk within individuals at clinical high risk: a meta-analytical stratification. JAMA Psychiatry 73:2 (2016), 113–120.
27. Giuliano, A.J., Li, H., Mesholam-Gately, R.I., Sorenson, S.M., Woodberry, K.A., Seidman, L.J., Neurocognition in the psychosis risk syndrome: a quantitative and qualitative review. Curr. Pharm. Des. 18:4 (2012), 399–415.
28. Hedman, A.M., van Haren, N.E., van Baal, C.G., Kahn, R.S., Hulshoff Pol, H.E., IQ change over time in schizophrenia and healthy individuals: a meta-analysis. Schizophr. Res. 146:1–3 (2013), 201–208.
29. Helmstaedter, C., Lendt, M., Lux, S., Verbaler Lern- und Merkfähigkeitstest (VLMT), 2001, Hogrefe, Göttingen.
30. Insel, T.R., Rethinking schizophrenia. Nature 468:7321 (2010), 187–193.
31. Kay, S.R., Fiszbein, A., Opler, L.A., The Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr. Bull. 13:2 (1987), 261–276.
32. Kelleher, I., Murtagh, A., Clarke, M.C., Murphy, J., Rawdon, C., Cannon, M., Neurocognitive performance of a community-based sample of young people at putative ultra high risk for psychosis: support for the processing speed hypothesis. Cogn. Neuropsychiatry 18:1–2 (2013), 9–25.
33. Lehrl, S., Mehrfachwahl-Wortschatz-Intelligenztest (MWT-B), 1989, Perimed, Erlangen.
34. Lin, A., Yung, A.R., Nelson, B., Brewer, W.J., Riley, R., Simmons, M., Pantelis, C., Wood, S.J., Neurocognitive predictors of transition to psychosis: medium- to long-term findings from a sample at ultra-high risk for psychosis. Psychol. Med. 43:1 (2013), 2349–2360.
35. MacCabe, J.H., Wicks, S., Löfving, S., David, A.S., Berndtsson, Å., Gustafsson, J.E., Allebeck, P., Dalman, C., Decline in cognitive performance between ages 13 and 18 years and the risk for psychosis in adulthood: a Swedish longitudinal cohort study in males. JAMA Psychiatry 70:3 (2013), 261–270.
36. Metzler, S., Dvorsky, D., Wyss, C., Müller, M., Traber-Walker, N., Walitza, S., Theodoridou, A., Rössler, W., Heekeren, K., Neurocognitive profiles in help-seeking individuals: comparison of risk for psychosis and bipolar disorder criteria. Psychol. Med. 44:16 (2014), 3543–3555.
37. Meyer, E.C., Carrión, R.E., Cornblatt, B.A., Addington, J., Cadenhead, K.S., Cannon, T.D., McGlashan, T.H., Perkins, D.O., Tsuang, M.T., Walker, E.F., Woods, S.W., Heinssen, R., Seidman, L.J., NAPLS group, The relationship of neurocognition and negative symptoms to social and role functioning over time in individuals at clinical high risk in the first phase of the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study. Schizophr. Bull. 40:6 (2014), 1452–1461.
38. Michel, C., Ruhrmann, S., Schimmelmann, B.G., Klosterkötter, J., Schultze-Lutter, F., A stratified model for psychosis prediction in clinical practice. Schizophr. Bull. 40:6 (2014), 1533–1542.
39. Miller, T.J., McGlashan, T.H., Rosen, J.L., Cadenhead, K., Cannon, T., Ventura, J., McFarlane, W., Perkins, D.O., Pearlson, G.D., Woods, S.W., Prodromal assessment with the structured interview for prodromal syndromes and the scale of prodromal symptoms: predictive validity, interrater reliability, and training to reliability. Schizophr. Bull. 29:4 (2003), 703–715.
40. Mourik, K., Decrescenzo, P., Brucato, G., Gill, G.E., Arndt, L., Kimhy, D., Keilp, J.G., Girgis, R.R., Various neurocognitive deficits and conversion risk in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis. Early Interv. Psychiatry, 2015, 10.1111/eip.12296.
41. Owen, M.J., Lewis, S.W., Murray, R.M., Obstetric complications and schizophrenia: a computed tomographic study. Psychol. Med. 18:2 (1988), 331–339.
42. Pukrop, R., Schultze-Lutter, F., Ruhrmann, S., Brockhaus-Dumke, A., Tendolkar, I., Bechdolf, A., Matuschek, E., Klosterkotter, J., Neurocognitive functioning in subjects at risk for a first episode of psychosis compared with first- and multiple-episode schizophrenia. J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol. 28:8 (2006), 1388–1407.
43. Rees, E., Walters, J.T., Georgieva, L., Isles, A.R., Chambert, K.D., Richards, A.L., Mahoney-Davies, G., Legge, S.E., Moran, J.L., McCarroll, S.A., O'Donovan, M.C., Owen, M.J., Kirov, G., Analysis of copy number variations at 15 schizophrenia-associated loci. Br. J. Psychiatry 204:2 (2014), 108–114.
44. Reichenberg, A., Caspi, A., Harrington, H., Houts, R., Keefe, R.S., Murray, R.M., Poulton, R., Moffitt, T.E., Static and dynamic cognitive deficits in childhood preceding adult schizophrenia: a 30-year study. Am. J. Psychiatry 167:2 (2010), 160–169.
45. Reitan, R.M., Wolfson, D., The Halstead–Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery: therapy and Clinical Interpretation. 1985, Neuropsychological Press, Tucson.
46. Riecher-Rössler, A., Aston, J., Borgwardt, S., Bugra, H., Fuhr, P., Gschwandtner, U., Koutsouleris, N., Pflueger, M., Tamagni, C., Radü, E.W., Rapp, C., Smieskova, R., Studerus, E., Walter, A., Zimmermann, R., Prediction of psychosis by stepwise multilevel assessment – the Basel FePsy (Early Recognition of Psychosis) – project [in German]. Fortschr. Neurol. Psychiatr. 81:5 (2013), 265–275.
47. Riecher-Rössler, A., Pflueger, M.O., Aston, J., Borgwardt, S.J., Brewer, W.J., Gschwandtner, U., Stieglitz, R.D., Efficacy of using cognitive status in predicting psychosis: a 7-year follow-up. Biol. Psychiatry 66:11 (2009), 1023–1030.
48. Ruhrmann, S., Schultze-Lutter, F., Klosterkotter, J., Probably at-risk, but certainly ill–advocating the introduction of a psychosis spectrum disorder in DSM-V. Schizophr. Res. 120:1–3 (2010), 23–37.
49. Rüsch, N., Corrigan, P.W., Heekeren, K., Theodoridou, A., Dvorsky, D., Metzler, S., Muller, M., Walitza, S., Rossler, W., Well-being among persons at risk of psychosis: the role of self-labeling, shame, and stigma stress. Psychiatr. Serv. 65:4 (2014), 483–489.
50. Schultze-Lutter, F., Michel, C., Schmidt, S.J., Schimmelmann, B.G., Maric, N.P., Salokangas, R.K., Riecher-Rössler, A., van der Gaag, M., Nordentoft, M., Raballo, A., Meneghelli, A., Marshall, M., Morrison, A., Ruhrmann, S., Klosterkötter, J., EPA guidance on the early detection of clinical high risk states of psychoses. Eur. Psychiatry 30:3 (2015), 405–416.
51. Schultze-Lutter, F., Koch, E., Schizophrenia Proneness Instrument, Child and Youth Version (SPI-CY). 2009, Giovanni Fioriti Editore, Rome.
52. Schultze-Lutter, F., Addington, J., Ruhrmann, S., Klosterkotter, J., Schizophrenia Proneness Instrument, Adult Version (SPI-A), 2007, Giovanni Fioriti Editore, Rome.
53. Schutte, N., Malouff, J., Sourcebook of Adult Assessment Strategies. 1995, Plenum Press, New York.
54. Schvarcz, A., Bearden, C.E., Early Detection of Psychosis: recent Updates from Clinical High Risk Research. Curr. Behav. Neurosci. Rep. 2:2 (2015), 90–101.
55. Seidman, L.J., Giuliano, A.J., Meyer, E.C., Addington, J., Cadenhead, K.S., Cannon, T.D., McGlashan, T.H., Perkins, D.O., Tsuang, M.T., Walker, E.F., Woods, S.W., Bearden, C.E., Christensen, B.K., Hawkins, K., Heaton, R., Keefe, R.S., Heinssen, R., Cornblatt, B.A., NAPLS group, Neuropsychology of the prodrome to psychosis in the NAPLS consortium: relationship to family history and conversion to psychosis. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 67:6 (2010), 578–588.
56. Sheehan, D.V., Lecrubier, Y., Sheehan, K.H., Amorim, P., Janavs, J., Weiller, E., Hergueta, T., Baker, R., Dunbar, G.C., The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. J. Clin. Psychiatry 59:20 (1998), 22–33 (quiz 34-57).
57. Shah, J.L., Tandon, N., Keshavan, M.S., Psychosis prediction and clinical utility in familial high-risk studies: selective review, synthesis, and implications for early detection and intervention. Early Interv. Psychiatr. 7:4 (2013), 345–360.
58. Spreen, O., Strauss, E., A Compendium of Neuropsychological Tests: administration, Norms and Commentary. 1991, Oxford University Press, New York.
59. Steer, R.A., Beck, A.T., Zalaquett, C.P., Beck anxiety inventory. Richard John, W., (eds.) Evaluating Stress: A Book of Resources, xvii, 1997, Scarecrow Education, Lanham, MD, 23–40.
60. Theodoridou, A., Heekeren, K., Dvorsky, D., Metzler, S., Franscini, M., Haker, H., Kawohl, W., Rüsch, N., Walitza, S., Rössler, W., Early recognition of high risk of bipolar disorder and psychosis: an overview of the ZInEP “Early Recognition” study. Front. Public Health, 2, 2014, 166.
61. Woodberry, K.A., Seidman, L.J., Giuliano, A.J., Verdi, M.B., Cook, W.L., McFarlane, W.R., Neuropsychological profiles in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis: relationship to psychosis and intelligence. Schizophr. Research 123 (2010), 188–198.
62. Woodberry, K.A., Giuliano, A.J., Seidman, L.J., Premorbid IQ in schizophrenia: a meta-analytic review. Am. J. Psychiatry 165:5 (2008), 579–587.
63. Yung, A.R., Nelson, B., The ultra-high risk concept – a review. Can. J. Psychiatry 58:1 (2013), 5–12.
64. Yung, A.R., Nelson, B., Thompson, A.D., Wood, S.J., Should a “Risk Syndrome for Psychosis” be included in the DSMV?. Schizophr. Res. 120:1–3 (2010), 7–15.
65. Ziermans, T., de Wit, S., Schothorst, P., Sprong, M., van Engeland, H., Kahn, R., Durston, S., Neurocognitive and clinical predictors of long-term outcome in adolescents at ultra-high risk for psychosis: a 6-year follow-up. PLoS One, 9, 2014, e93994, 10.1371/journal.pone.0093994.
66. Zipursky, R.B., Reilly, T., Murray, R.M., The myth of schizophrenia as a progressive brain disease. Schizophr. Bull. 39:6 (2013), 1363–1372.