메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 37, Issue 3, 2016, Pages 1-27

Why wind is not coal: On the economics of electricity generation

Author keywords

Electricity sector; Grid parity; Integrated assessment modeling; Integration costs; LCOE; Levelized electricity cost; Power economics; Power generation; Solar power; Variable renewables; Welfare economics; Wind power

Indexed keywords


EID: 84983761063     PISSN: 01956574     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5547/01956574.37.3.lhir     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (82)

References (114)
  • 1
    • 84983749936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 50Hertz Transmission GmbH, Amprion Gmb H, Tenn T TSO GmbH & Transnet BW GmbH
    • 50Hertz Transmission GmbH, Amprion GmbH, TennT TSO GmbH & TransnetBW GmbH (2014): Netzentwicklungsplan Strom 2014, Zweiter Entwurf, www.netzentwicklungsplan.de.
    • (2014) Netzentwicklungsplan Strom 2014, Zweiter Entwurf
  • 3
    • 0041353049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Equilibrium pricing and optimal hedging in electricity forward markets
    • Bessembinder, Hendrik and Michael Lemmon (2002): "Equilibrium Pricing and Optimal Hedging in Electricity Forward Markets," The Journal of Finance LVII(3), 1347-1382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-6261.00463.
    • (2002) The Journal of Finance LVII , vol.3 , pp. 1347-1382
    • Bessembinder, H.1    Lemmon, M.2
  • 4
    • 4243482104 scopus 로고
    • The investment 85 model of electricite de France
    • Bessiere, F. (1970): "The investment 85 model of Electricite de France," Management Science 17 (4), B-192-B-211. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.17.4.B192.
    • (1970) Management Science , vol.17 , Issue.4 , pp. B192-B211
    • Bessiere, F.1
  • 6
    • 77952344913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic properties of wind power. A European assessment
    • Boccard, Nicolas (2010): "Economic properties of wind power. A European assessment," Energy Policy 38: 3232-3244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2009.07.033.
    • (2010) Energy Policy , vol.38 , pp. 3232-3244
    • Boccard, N.1
  • 7
    • 0012178551 scopus 로고
    • Peak-load pricing
    • Boiteux, Marcel (1949): "Peak-Load Pricing," reprint (1960) The Journal of Business 33(2), 157-179. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1086/294331.
    • (1949) The Journal of Business , vol.33 , Issue.2 , pp. 157-179
    • Boiteux, M.1
  • 8
    • 48549087057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The market value and cost of solar photovoltaic electricity production
    • Borenstein, Severin (2008): "The Market Value and Cost of Solar Photovoltaic Electricity Production," CSEM Working Paper 176.
    • (2008) CSEM Working Paper , pp. 176
    • Borenstein, S.1
  • 9
    • 84859803781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The private and public economics of renewable electricity generation
    • Borenstein, Severin (2012): "The Private and Public Economics of Renewable Electricity Generation," Journal of Economic Perspectives 26(1): 67-92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.26.1.67.
    • (2012) Journal of Economic Perspectives , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 67-92
    • Borenstein, S.1
  • 10
    • 0027660751 scopus 로고
    • Value analysis of intermittent generation sources from the system operator perspective
    • Bouzguenda, Mounir and Saifur Rahman (1993): "Value Analysis of Intermittent Generation Sources from the System Operator Perspective," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 8(3): 484-490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/60.257063.
    • (1993) IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion , vol.8 , Issue.3 , pp. 484-490
    • Bouzguenda, M.1    Rahman, S.2
  • 12
    • 84873722978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global overview on grid-parity
    • Breyer, Christian and Alexander Gerlach (2013): "Global overview on grid-parity," Progress in photovoltaics 21(1): 121-136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pip.1254.
    • (2013) Progress in Photovoltaics , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 121-136
    • Breyer, C.1    Gerlach, A.2
  • 13
    • 51649099213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nodal pricing in Ontario, Canada: Implications for solar PV electricity
    • Brown, Sarah and Ian Rowlands (2009): "Nodal pricing in Ontario, Canada: Implications for solar PV electricity," Renewable Energy 34: 170-178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2008.02.029.
    • (2009) Renewable Energy , vol.34 , pp. 170-178
    • Brown, S.1    Rowlands, I.2
  • 14
    • 84983775357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BSW Bundesverband Solarwirtschaft
    • BSW (2011): Solarenergie wird wettbewerbsfähig, Bundesverband Solarwirtschaft, www.solarwirtschaft.de/fileadmin/media/ pdf/anzeige1-bsw-energiewende.pdf.
    • (2011) Solarenergie Wird Wettbewerbsfähig
  • 15
    • 85124446296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Building blocks: Investment in renewable and non-renewable technologies
    • in: Boaz Moselle, Jorge Padilla and Richard Schmalensee: , Washington
    • Bushnell, James (2010): "Building Blocks: Investment in Renewable and Non-Renewable Technologies," in: Boaz Moselle, Jorge Padilla and Richard Schmalensee: Harnessing Renewable Energy in Electric Power Systems: Theory, Practice, Policy, Washington.
    • (2010) Harnessing Renewable Energy in Electric Power Systems: Theory, Practice, Policy
    • Bushnell, J.1
  • 16
    • 84983793880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wind power forecast errors. Future volumes and costs
    • Carlsson, Fredrik and (2011): "Wind power forecast errors. Future volumes and costs," Elforsk report 11:01.
    • (2011) Elforsk Report , vol.11 , pp. 01
    • Carlsson, F.1
  • 17
    • 84919422532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy mix in Europe to 2050
    • Vienna
    • Clover, Robert (2013): "Energy Mix In Europe to 2050," paper presented at the 2013 EWEA conference, Vienna.
    • (2013) 2013 EWEA Conference
    • Clover, R.1
  • 18
    • 80455125415 scopus 로고
    • Expansion planning for electric power systems
    • Covarrubias, A (1979): "Expansion Planning for Electric Power Systems," IAEA Bulleting 21(2/3): 55-64.
    • (1979) IAEA Bulleting , vol.21 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 55-64
    • Covarrubias, A.1
  • 19
    • 21844521997 scopus 로고
    • The theory of peak-load pricing. A survey
    • Crew, Michael, Chitru Fernando and Paul Kleindorfer (1995): "The Theory of Peak-Load Pricing. A Survey," Journal of Regulatory Economics 8: 215-248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01070807.
    • (1995) Journal of Regulatory Economics , vol.8 , pp. 215-248
    • Crew, M.1    Fernando, C.2    Kleindorfer, P.3
  • 20
    • 84892996432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DECC, Department of Energy and Climate Change, London
    • DECC (2013): Electricity Generation Costs, UK Department of Energy and Climate Change, London.
    • (2013) Electricity Generation Costs, UK
  • 23
    • 34248596049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying the total net benefits of grid integrated wind
    • Denny, Eleanor and Mark O'Malley (2007): "Quantifying the Total Net Benefits of Grid Integrated Wind," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 22(2): 605-615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2007.894864.
    • (2007) IEEE Transactions on Power Systems , vol.22 , Issue.2 , pp. 605-615
    • Denny, E.1    O'Malley, M.2
  • 24
    • 84983748120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing wind integration costs with dispatch models: A case study of PacifiCorp
    • Dragon, Ken and Michael Milligan (2003): "Assessing Wind Integration Costs with Dispatch Models: A Case Study of PacifiCorp," NREL Conference Paper CP-500-34022.
    • (2003) NREL Conference Paper CP-500-34022
    • Dragon, K.1    Milligan, M.2
  • 25
    • 84983751094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ausgleichsenergiekosten der oekostrombilanzgruppe fuer windkraftanlagen endfassung
    • e3 consult
    • e3 consult (2014):" Ausgleichsenergiekosten der Oekostrombilanzgruppe fuer Windkraftanlagen Endfassung," Study for Interessengemeinschaft Windkraft Österreich, https://www.igwindkraft.at/mmedia/download/2014.05.21/140070419170 3835.pdf.
    • (2014) Study for Interessengemeinschaft Windkraft Österreich
  • 26
    • 84947254323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • E-Bridge, IAEW and Offis report for Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi), Berlin
    • E-Bridge, IAEW and Offis (2014): Moderne Verteilernetze für Deutschland, report for Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi), Berlin.
    • (2014) Moderne Verteilernetze Für Deutschland
  • 28
    • 84877635371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EIA, U.S. Energy Information Administration
    • EIA (2013): Annual Energy Outlook 2013, U.S. Energy Information Administration.
    • (2013) Annual Energy Outlook 2013
  • 30
    • 84862207928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EPIA, European Photovoltaic Industry Association
    • EPIA (2011): Solar Photovoltaics competing in the energy sector, European Photovoltaic Industry Association, www.epia.org/news/publications/
    • (2011) Solar Photovoltaics Competing in the Energy Sector
  • 31
    • 84919422531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eurelectric, Brussels
    • Eurelectric (2013). PowerChoices Reloaded, Brussels.
    • (2013) PowerChoices Reloaded
  • 33
    • 84878190007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fraunhofer ISE, Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems
    • Fraunhofer ISE (2013): Photovoltaics report, Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems, www.ise.fraunhofer.de/mwginternal/ de5fs23hu73ds/progress?id = 94T8LFoGsA&dl.
    • (2013) Photovoltaics Report
  • 34
    • 43849093308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of temporal wind patterns in the value of wind-generated electricity in California and the Northwest
    • Fripp, Matthias and Ryan H. Wiser (2008): "Effects of Temporal Wind Patterns in the value of wind-generated Electricity in California and the Northwest," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 23(2): 477-485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ TPWRS.2008.919427.
    • (2008) IEEE Transactions on Power Systems , vol.23 , Issue.2 , pp. 477-485
    • Fripp, M.1    Wiser, R.H.2
  • 39
    • 18544385163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electricity and markets
    • Green, Richard (2005): "Electricity and Markets," Oxford Review of Economic Policy 21(1): 67-87. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1093/oxrep/gri004.
    • (2005) Oxford Review of Economic Policy , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 67-87
    • Green, R.1
  • 41
    • 84865001216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Storing wind for a rainy day: What kind of electricity does Denmark export?
    • Green, Richard and Nicholas Vasilakos (2012): "Storing Wind for a Rainy Day: What Kind of Electricity Does Denmark Export?" The Energy Journal 33(3): 1-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5547/01956574.33.3.1.
    • (2012) The Energy Journal , vol.33 , Issue.3 , pp. 1-22
    • Green, R.1    Nicholas, V.2
  • 43
  • 44
    • 79953195581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Value of wind power at different locations in the grid
    • Hamidi, Vandad, Furong Li, and Liangzhong Yao (2011): "Value of wind power at different locations in the grid," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 26(2), 526-537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPWRD.2009.2038919.
    • (2011) IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 526-537
    • Vandad, H.1    Li, F.2    Yao, L.3
  • 45
    • 3342913034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Value of Wind Energy as a Function of Wind Capacity
    • Hirst, Eric and Jeffrey Hild (2004): "The Value of Wind Energy as a Function of Wind Capacity," The Electricity Journal 17(6): 11-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tej.2004.04.010.
    • (2004) The Electricity Journal , vol.17 , Issue.6 , pp. 11-20
    • Hirst, E.1    Hild, J.2
  • 46
    • 84877046264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The market value of variable renewables
    • Hirth, Lion (2013): "The Market Value of Variable Renewables," Energy Economics 38: 218-236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.eneco.2013.02.004.
    • (2013) Energy Economics , vol.38 , pp. 218-236
    • Hirth, L.1
  • 47
    • 84905370615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The optimal share of variable renewables
    • Hirth, Lion (2015a): "The Optimal Share of Variable Renewables," The Energy Journal 36(1): 127-162. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.5547/01956574.36.1.6.
    • (2015) The Energy Journal , vol.36 , Issue.1 , pp. 127-162
    • Hirth, L.1
  • 48
    • 84920722552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The market value of solar power: Is photovoltaics cost-competitive?
    • Hirth, Lion (2015b): "The market value of solar power: Is photovoltaics cost-competitive?", IET Renewable Power Generation 9(1): 37-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-rpg.2014.0101.
    • (2015) IET Renewable Power Generation , vol.9 , Issue.1 , pp. 37-45
    • Hirth, L.1
  • 49
    • 84920718514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integration Costs Revisited-An economic framework of wind and solar variability
    • Hirth, Lion, Falko Ueckerdt and Ottmar Edenhofer (2015): "Integration Costs Revisited-An economic framework of wind and solar variability," Renewable Energy 74: 925-939. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2014.08.065.
    • (2015) Renewable Energy , vol.74 , pp. 925-939
    • Hirth, L.1    Ueckerdt, F.2    Edenhofer, O.3
  • 50
    • 84983753124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • System-friendly wind and solar power
    • (forthcoming)
    • Hirth, Lion and Simon Müller (2015): "System-friendly wind and solar power," IEA insight paper (forthcoming).
    • (2015) IEA Insight Paper
    • Hirth, L.1    Müller, S.2
  • 52
    • 13844256376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimal electricity market for wind power
    • Holttinen, Hannele (2005): "Optimal electricity market for wind power," Energy Policy 33(16): 2052-63. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.enpol.2004.04.001.
    • (2005) Energy Policy , vol.33 , Issue.16 , pp. 2052-2063
    • Holttinen, H.1
  • 53
    • 84859046012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imbalance costs of wind power for a hydropower producer in Finland
    • Holttinen, Hannele and Göran Koreneff (2012): "Imbalance costs of wind power for a hydropower producer in Finland," Wind Engineering 36(1): 53-68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/0309-524X.36.1.53.
    • (2012) Wind Engineering , vol.36 , Issue.1 , pp. 53-68
    • Holttinen, H.1    Göran, K.2
  • 56
    • 79957978505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IEA and NEA, International Energy Agency and Nuclear Energy Agency, Paris
    • IEA and NEA (2010): Projected costs of generating electricity, International Energy Agency and Nuclear Energy Agency, Paris.
    • (2010) Projected Costs of Generating Electricity
  • 57
    • 84983736336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IPCC, Prepared by Working Group III of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA
    • IPCC (2014): WG III Assessment Report 5. Prepared by Working Group III of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.
    • (2014) WG III Assessment Report 5
  • 59
  • 60
    • 84877076666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ISET Frauenhofer ISE and Meteo Control, Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik
    • ISET, Frauenhofer ISE and Meteo Control (2008): Wertigkeit von Solarstrom. Untersuchung im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Umwelt, Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik, www.iset.uni-kassel.de/abt/FB-A/publication/2008/ 2008-Braun-Staffelstein-Wert-PV-Strom.pdf.
    • (2008) Wertigkeit von Solarstrom. Untersuchung im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums Für Umwelt
  • 62
    • 79958280724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing the Costs of intermittent and dispatchable electricity generation technologies
    • Joskow, Paul (2011): "Comparing the Costs of intermittent and dispatchable electricity generation technologies", American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings 100(3): 238-241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.101.3.238.
    • (2011) American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings , vol.100 , Issue.3 , pp. 238-241
    • Joskow, P.1
  • 63
    • 80052733358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning or lock-in: Optimal technology policies to support mitigation
    • Kalkuhl, Matthias, Ottmar Edenhofer and Kai Lessmann (2012): "Learning or Lock-in: Optimal Technology Policies to Support Mitigation," Resource and Energy Economics 34(1), 1-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2011.08.001.
    • (2012) Resource and Energy Economics , vol.34 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-23
    • Kalkuhl, M.1    Edenhofer, O.2    Lessmann, K.3
  • 64
    • 79957667535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wind levelized cost of energy: A comparison of technical and financing input variables
    • Karlynn, Cory and Schwabe, Paul (2009): "Wind Levelized Cost of Energy: A Comparison of Technical and Financing Input Variables," NREL Technical Report TP-6A2-46671.
    • (2009) NREL Technical Report TP-6A2-46671
    • Karlynn, C.1    Paul, S.2
  • 65
    • 84868199818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cost of wind power variability
    • Katzenstein,Warren and Jay Apt (2012): "The cost of wind power variability," Energy Policy 51: 233-243. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.07.032.
    • (2012) Energy Policy , vol.51 , pp. 233-243
    • Katzenstein, W.1    Apt, J.2
  • 67
    • 84919422523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Capacity mechanisms
    • Düsseldorf
    • Koch, Oliver (2013): "Capacity mechanisms," Paper presented at the 13th European IAEE Conference, Düsseldorf.
    • (2013) 13th European IAEE Conference
    • Koch, O.1
  • 68
    • 84902221081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Können sich erneuerbare Energien langfristig auf wettbewerblich organisierten Strommärkten finanzieren?
    • July 2012
    • Kopp, Oliver, Anke Eßer-Frey and Thorsten Engelhorn (2012): Können sich erneuerbare Energien langfristig auf wettbewerblich organisierten Strommärkten finanzieren?, Zeitschrift für Energiewirtschaft July 2012, 1-13.
    • (2012) Zeitschrift Für Energiewirtschaft , pp. 1-13
    • Kopp, O.1    Eßer-Frey, A.2    Engelhorn, T.3
  • 70
    • 39749118635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the long-term system value of intermittent electric generation technologies
    • Lamont, Alan (2008): "Assessing the Long-Term System Value of Intermittent Electric Generation Technologies," Energy Economics 30(3): 1208-1231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2007.02.007.
    • (2008) Energy Economics , vol.30 , Issue.3 , pp. 1208-1231
    • Lamont, A.1
  • 72
    • 77952401429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating the value of wind energy using electricity locational marginal price
    • Lewis, Geoffrey (2010): "Estimating the value of wind energy using electricity locational marginal price," Energy Policy 38(7): 3221-3231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2009.07.045.
    • (2010) Energy Policy , vol.38 , Issue.7 , pp. 3221-3231
    • Lewis, G.1
  • 73
    • 84898793179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forecast value considering energy pricing in California
    • Louma, Jennifer, Patrick Mathiesen and Jan Kleissl (2014): "Forecast value considering energy pricing in California," Applied Energy 125: 230-237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.03.061.
    • (2014) Applied Energy , vol.125 , pp. 230-237
    • Louma, J.1    Mathiesen, P.2    Kleissl, J.3
  • 74
    • 84898426767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of renewable energy in climate stabilization: Results from the EMF27 scenarios
    • Luderer, Gunnar, Volker Krey, Katherine Calvin, James Merrick, Silvana Mima, Robert Pietzcker, Jasper Van Vliet and Kenichi Wada (2014): "The role of renewable energy in climate stabilization: Results from the EMF27 scenarios," Climate Change 123(3-4): 427-441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0924-z.
    • (2014) Climate Change , vol.123 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 427-441
    • Luderer, G.1    Krey, V.2    Calvin, K.3    Merrick, J.4    Mima, S.5    Pietzcker, R.6    Van Vliet, J.7    Wada, K.8
  • 75
    • 0020590394 scopus 로고
    • The economics of large-scale wind power in the UK: A model of an optimally mixed CEGB electricity grid
    • Martin, Brian and Mark Diesendorf (1983): "The economics of large-scale wind power in the UK: A model of an optimally mixed CEGB electricity grid," Energy Policy 11(3): 259-266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-4215(83)90082-4.
    • (1983) Energy Policy , vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp. 259-266
    • Martin, B.1    Diesendorf, M.2
  • 76
    • 81155137736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integration of variable generation, cost-causation, and integration costs
    • also published as NREL Technical Report TP-5500-51860
    • Milligan, Michael, Erika Ela, Bri-Mathias Hodge, Brendan Kirby, Debra Lew, Charlton Clark, Jennifer DeCesaro and Kevin Lynn (2011): "Integration of Variable Generation, Cost-Causation, and Integration Costs," Electricity Journal 24(9): 51- 63, also published as NREL Technical Report TP-5500-51860.
    • (2011) Electricity Journal , vol.24 , Issue.9 , pp. 51-63
    • Milligan, M.1    Ela, E.2    Hodge, B.-M.3    Kirby, B.4    Lew, D.5    Clark, C.6    De Cesaro, J.7    Lynn, K.8
  • 78
    • 84920718512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the economic value of photovoltaic power at high penetration levels
    • Maui, Hawaii
    • Mills, Adrew (2011): "Assessment of the Economic Value of Photovoltaic Power at High Penetration Levels", paper presented to UWIG Solar Integration Workshop, Maui, Hawaii, www.uwig.org/mwg-intertal/de5fs23hu73ds/progress?id=XDyBuJov9m.
    • (2011) UWIG Solar Integration Workshop
    • Mills, A.1
  • 79
    • 84882618891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in the Economic Value of Variable Generation at High Penetration Levels: A Pilot case Study of California
    • LBNL-5445E
    • Mills, Andrew and Ryan Wiser (2012): "Changes in the Economic Value of Variable Generation at High Penetration Levels: A Pilot case Study of California," Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Paper LBNL-5445E.
    • (2012) Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Paper
    • Mills, A.1    Wiser, R.2
  • 80
    • 84961655908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitigation strategies for maintaining the economic value of variable generation at high penetration levels
    • LBNL-6590E
    • Mills, Andrew and Ryan Wiser (2014): "Mitigation Strategies for Maintaining the Economic Value of Variable Generation at High Penetration Levels," Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Paper LBNL-6590E.
    • (2014) Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Paper
    • Mills, A.1    Wiser, R.2
  • 81
    • 84870572593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annex II: Methodology
    • O Edenhofer, R Pichs-Madruga, Y Sokona, K Seyboth, P Matschoss, S Kadner, T Zwickel, P Eickemeier, G Hansen, S Schlömer and C v Stechow (Eds.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
    • Moomaw, W, P Burgherr, G Heath, M Lenzen, J Nyboer, A Verbruggen (2011): "Annex II: Methodology," in: O Edenhofer, R Pichs-Madruga, Y Sokona, K Seyboth, P Matschoss, S Kadner, T Zwickel, P Eickemeier, G Hansen, S Schlömer and C v Stechow (Eds.): IPCC Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139151153.017.
    • (2011) IPCC Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation
    • Moomaw, W.1    Burgherr, P.2    Heath, G.3    Lenzen, M.4    Nyboer, J.5    Verbruggen, A.6
  • 82
    • 84919422474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Equilibrium Prices and Investment in Electricity Systems with CO2-Emission Trading and High Shares of Renewable Energies
    • Müsgens, Felix (2013): "Equilibrium Prices and Investment in Electricity Systems with CO2-Emission Trading and High Shares of Renewable Energies," paper presented at the Mannheim Energy Conference 2013.
    • (2013) Mannheim Energy Conference 2013
    • Müsgens, F.1
  • 87
    • 84865149726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NREL, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO
    • NREL (2012): Renewable Electricity Futures Study, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO.
    • (2012) Renewable Electricity Futures Study
  • 88
    • 80053372456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parameters influencing the market value of wind power-a model-based analysis of the Central European power market
    • Obersteiner, Carlo, Marcelo Saguan (2010): "Parameters influencing the market value of wind power-a model-based analysis of the Central European power market," European Transactions on Electrical Power 21(6): 1856-68. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1002/etep.430.
    • (2010) European Transactions on Electrical Power , vol.21 , Issue.6 , pp. 1856-1868
    • Obersteiner, C.1    Saguan, M.2
  • 90
    • 67849106268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of market rules on the economic value of wind power: An Austrian case study
    • Obersteiner, Carlo and Lueder von Bremen (2009): "Influence of market rules on the economic value of wind power: An Austrian case study," International Journal of Environment and Pollution 39(1). http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ IJEP.2009.027146.
    • (2009) International Journal of Environment and Pollution , vol.39 , Issue.1
    • Obersteiner, C.1    Von Bremen, L.2
  • 92
    • 34548047478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trading Wind Generation from Short-Term Probabilistic Forecasts of Wind Power
    • Pinson, Pierre, Christophe Chevallier and George Kariniotikas (2007) : "Trading Wind Generation From Short-Term Probabilistic Forecasts of Wind Power," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 22(3): 1148-56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ TPWRS.2007.901117.
    • (2007) IEEE Transactions on Power Systems , vol.22 , Issue.3 , pp. 1148-1156
    • Pinson, P.1    Chevallier, C.2    Kariniotikas, G.3
  • 94
    • 0025492249 scopus 로고
    • Economic Impact of Integrating Photovoltaics with Conventional Electric Utility Operation
    • Rahman, Saifur (1990): "Economic Impact of Integrating Photovoltaics with Conventional Electric Utility Operation," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 5(3): 422-428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/60.105264.
    • (1990) IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 422-428
    • Rahman, S.1
  • 95
    • 0028444279 scopus 로고
    • A model to Determine the Degree of Penetration and Energy Cost of Large Scale Utility Interactive Photovoltaic Systems
    • Rahman, Saifur and Mounir Bouzguenda (1994): "A model to Determine the Degree of Penetration and Energy Cost of Large Scale Utility Interactive Photovoltaic Systems," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 9(2): 224-230. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1109/60.300155.
    • (1994) IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion , vol.9 , Issue.2 , pp. 224-230
    • Rahman, S.1    Bouzguenda, M.2
  • 96
    • 84983799984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How to solve the crisis in the EU electricity market
    • 4 Nov 2014
    • Rüdiger, Andreas and Mathilde Matieu (2014): "How to solve the crisis in the EU electricity market," Energy Post 4 Nov 2014, www.energypost.eu/solve-crisis-eu-electricity-market.
    • (2014) Energy Post
    • Rüdiger, A.1    Matieu, M.2
  • 97
    • 84919422468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Performance of U.S. Wind and Solar Generating Units
    • Schmalensee, Richard (2013): "The Performance of U.S. Wind and Solar Generating Units," NBER Working Paper 19509
    • (2013) NBER Working Paper 19509
    • Schmalensee, R.1
  • 102
    • 84860504837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integration of Renewable Energy into Present and Future Energy Systems
    • O. Edenhofer, R. Pichs-Madruga, Y. Sokona, K. Seyboth, P. Matschoss, S. Kadner, T. Zwickel, P. Eickemeier, G. Hansen, S. Schlömer and C. v. Stechow, Eds. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA
    • Sims, R., P. Mercado, W. Krewitt, G. Bhuyan, D. Flynn, H. Holttinen, G. Jannuzzi, S. Khennas, Y. Liu, M. O'Malley, L. J. Nilsson, J. Ogden, K. Ogimoto, H. Outhred, O. Ulleberg and F. v. Hulle (2011): "Integration of Renewable Energy into Present and Future Energy Systems". In: IPCC Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate. O. Edenhofer, R. Pichs-Madruga, Y. Sokona, K. Seyboth, P. Matschoss, S. Kadner, T. Zwickel, P. Eickemeier, G. Hansen, S. Schlömer and C. v. Stechow, Eds. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139151153.012.
    • (2011) IPCC Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate
    • Sims, R.1    Mercado, P.2    Krewitt, W.3    Bhuyan, G.4    Flynn, D.5    Holttinen, H.6    Jannuzzi, G.7    Khennas, S.8    Liu, Y.9    O'Malley, M.10    Nilsson, L.J.11    Ogden, J.12    Ogimoto, K.13    Outhred, H.14    Ulleberg, O.15    Hulle, F.V.16
  • 103
    • 34548030244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utility Wind Integration and Operating Impact State of the Art
    • Smith, Charles, Michael Milligan, Edgar DeMeo and and Brian Parsons (2007): "Utility Wind Integration and Operating Impact State of the Art," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 22(3): 900-908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ TPWRS.2007.901598.
    • (2007) IEEE Transactions on Power Systems , vol.22 , Issue.3 , pp. 900-908
    • Smith, C.1    Milligan, M.2    De Meo, E.3    Parsons, B.4
  • 105
  • 106
    • 34247520082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of wind generation on the operation and development of the UK electricity systems
    • Strbac, Goran, Anser Shakoor, Mary Black, Danny Pudjianto and Thomas Bopp (2007): "Impact of wind generation on the operation and development of the UK electricity systems," Electric Power Systems Research 77: 1214-1227. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2006.08.014.
    • (2007) Electric Power Systems Research , vol.77 , pp. 1214-1227
    • Strbac, G.1    Shakoor, A.2    Black, M.3    Pudjianto, D.4    Bopp, T.5
  • 107
    • 84875585145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of Considering Electric Sector Variability and Reliability in the MESSAGE Model
    • Sullivan, P., V. Krey and K. Riahi (2013): "Impacts of Considering Electric Sector Variability and Reliability in the MESSAGE Model," Energy Strategy Reviews 1(3): 157-163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2013.01.001.
    • (2013) Energy Strategy Reviews , vol.1 , Issue.3 , pp. 157-163
    • Sullivan, P.1    Krey, V.2    Riahi, K.3
  • 108
    • 35348826176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An Electricity Market Model to Estimate the Marginal Value of Wind in an Adapting System
    • Montreal
    • Swider, Derk and Christoph Weber (2006): "An Electricity Market Model to Estimate the Marginal Value of Wind in an Adapting System," Proceedings of the Power Engineering Society General Meeting, Montreal. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ PES.2006.1709088.
    • (2006) Proceedings of the Power Engineering Society General Meeting
    • Swider, D.1    Weber, C.2
  • 109
    • 0005194650 scopus 로고
    • Practical General Equilibrium Estimation of Resources Pulls under Trade Liberalization
    • Taylor, L. and S. Black (1974): "Practical General Equilibrium Estimation of Resources Pulls under Trade Liberalization," Journal of International Economics 4(1): 37-58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1996(74)90032-4.
    • (1974) Journal of International Economics , vol.4 , Issue.1 , pp. 37-58
    • Taylor, L.1    Black, S.2
  • 110
    • 84888429812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • System LCOE: What are the costs of variable renewables?
    • Ueckerdt, Falko, Lion Hirth, Gunnar Luderer and Ottmar Edenhofer (2013a): "System LCOE: What are the costs of variable renewables?" Energy 63: 61-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2013.10.072.
    • (2013) Energy , vol.63 , pp. 61-75
    • Ueckerdt, F.1    Hirth, L.2    Luderer, G.3    Edenhofer, O.4
  • 112
    • 84983776388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Representing power sector variability and the integration of variable renewables in long-term climate change mitigation scenarios: A novel modeling approach
    • Ueckerdt, Falko, Brecha, Robert, Luderer, Gunnar, Sullivan, Patrick, Schmid, Eva, Bauer, Nico, Böttger, Diana (2014): "Representing power sector variability and the integration of variable renewables in long-term climate change mitigation scenarios: A novel modeling approach." (submitted to Energy)
    • (2014) Energy
    • Ueckerdt, F.1    Robert, B.2    Gunnar, L.3    Patrick, S.4    Eva, S.5    Nico, B.6    Diana, B.7
  • 113
    • 79551683107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A probabilistic model for assessing the long-term economics of wind energy
    • Valenzuela, Jorge and Jianhui Wang (2011): "A probabilistic model for assessing the long-term economics of wind energy," Electric Power Systems Research 81: 853-861. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2010.11.015.
    • (2011) Electric Power Systems Research , vol.81 , pp. 853-861
    • Valenzuela, J.1    Wang, J.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.