Natural course of metabolically healthy overweight/obese subjects and the impact of weight change

Nutrients

Volumn 8, Issue 7, 2016, Pages

  Zheng, Ruizhi ^a   Liu, Chengguo ^b   Wang, Chunmei ^c   Zhou, Biao ^d   Liu, Yi ^a   Pan, Feixia ^a   Zhang, Ronghua ^d   Zhu, Yimin ^a  

^a ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b Department of Special Diagnosis   (China)

^c Department of Non communicable Diseases Tongxiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention   (China)

^d ZHEJIANG PROVINCIAL CENTER FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION   (China)

Author keywords

Metabolically healthy; Overweight and obese; Weight change

Indexed keywords

GLUCOSE; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; BODY WEIGHT MANAGEMENT; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; METABOLIC PARAMETERS; OBESITY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; QUESTIONNAIRE; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; WAIST TO HEIGHT RATIO; WEIGHT CHANGE; WEIGHT GAIN; WEIGHT REDUCTION; AGED; BODY WEIGHT MAINTENANCE; CHINA; COHORT ANALYSIS; ETHNOLOGY; HEALTH CARE POLICY; INCIDENCE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; METABOLISM; MIDDLE AGED; OBESITY, METABOLICALLY BENIGN; OVERWEIGHT; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; POPULATION DYNAMICS; RISK FACTOR; SELF REPORT;

AGED; BODY MASS INDEX; BODY WEIGHT MAINTENANCE; CHINA; COHORT STUDIES; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HEALTH POLICY; HEALTH TRANSITION; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MIDDLE AGED; OBESITY; OBESITY, METABOLICALLY BENIGN; OVERWEIGHT; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; SELF REPORT; WEIGHT GAIN; WEIGHT LOSS;

EID: 84978518020     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20726643     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/nu8070430     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Chatzigeorgiou, A.; Kandaraki, E.; Papavassiliou, A. G.; Koutsilieris, M. Peripheral targets in obesity treatment: A comprehensive update. Obes. Rev. 2014, 15, 487-503. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
2. Rey-Lopez, J. P.; de Rezende, L. F.; Pastor-Valero, M.; Tess, B. H. The prevalence of metabolically healthy obesity: A systematic review and critical evaluation of the definitions used. Obes. Rev. 2014, 15, 781-790. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
3. Primeau, V.; Coderre, L.; Karelis, A. D.; Brochu, M.; Lavoie, M. E.; Messier, V.; Sladek, R.; Rabasa-Lhoret, R. Characterizing the profile of obese patients who are metabolically healthy. Int. J. Obes. 2011, 35, 971-981. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
4. Kramer, C. K.; Zinman, B.; Retnakaran, R. Are metabolically healthy overweight and obesity benign conditions?: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann. Int. Med. 2013, 159, 758-769. [PubMed].
5. Bell, J. A.; Kivimaki, M.; Hamer, M. Metabolically healthy obesity and risk of incident type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Obes. Rev. 2014, 15, 504-515. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
6. Hinnouho, G. M.; Czernichow, S.; Dugravot, A.; Batty, G. D.; Kivimaki, M.; Singh-Manoux, A. Metabolically healthy obesity and risk of mortality: Does the definition of metabolic health matter? Diabetes Care 2013, 36, 2294-2300. [PubMed].
7. Aung, K.; Lorenzo, C.; Hinojosa, M. A.; Haffner, S. M. Risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease in metabolically unhealthy normal-weight and metabolically healthy obese individuals. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2014, 99, 462-468. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
8. Eshtiaghi, R.; Keihani, S.; Hosseinpanah, F.; Barzin, M.; Azizi, F. Natural course of metabolically healthy abdominal obese adults after 10 years of follow-up: The Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Int. J. Obes. 2015, 39, 514-519.
9. Hamer, M.; Bell, J. A.; Sabia, S.; Batty, G. D.; Kivimaki, M. Stability of metabolically healthy obesity over 8 years: The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 2015, 173, 703-708. [PubMed].
10. Kantartzis, K.; Machann, J.; Schick, F.; Rittig, K.; Machicao, F.; Fritsche, A.; Haring, H. U.; Stefan, N. Effects of a lifestyle intervention in metabolically benign and malign obesity. Diabetologia 2011, 54, 864-868. [PubMed].
11. Perseghin, G. Is a nutritional therapeutic approach unsuitable for metabolically healthy but obese women? Diabetologia 2008, 51, 1567-1569. [PubMed].
12. Karelis, A. D.; Messier, V.; Brochu, M.; Rabasa-Lhoret, R. Metabolically healthy but obese women: Effect of an energy-restricted diet. Diabetologia 2008, 51, 1752-1754. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
13. Fabbrini, E.; Yoshino, J.; Yoshino, M.; Magkos, F.; Tiemann Luecking, C.; Samovski, D.; Fraterrigo, G.; Okunade, A. L.; Patterson, B. W.; Klein, S. Metabolically normal obese people are protected from adverse effects following weight gain. J. Clin. Investig. 2015, 125, 787-795. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
14. Xu, W.; Zhang, H.; Paillard-Borg, S.; Zhu, H.; Qi, X.; Rizzuto, D. Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Chinese Adults: Role of Adiposity Indicators and Age. Obes. Facts 2016, 9, 17-28. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
15. Mathew, H.; Farr, O. M.; Mantzoros, C. S. Metabolic health and weight: Understanding metabolically unhealthy normal weight or metabolically healthy obese patients. Metabolism 2016, 65, 73-80. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
16. Zheng, R.; Yang, M.; Bao, Y.; Li, H.; Shan, Z.; Zhang, B.; Liu, J.; Lv, Q.; Wu, O.; Zhu, Y.; et al. Prevalence and Determinants of Metabolic Health in Subjects with Obesity in Chinese Population. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2015, 12, 13662-13677. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
17. Alberti, K. G.; Zimmet, P.; Shaw, J.; Group IDFETFC. The metabolic syndrome-A new worldwide definition. Lancet 2005, 366, 1059-1062. [CrossRef].
18. Zhou, B. F.; Cooperative Meta-Analysis Group of the Working Group on Obesity in China. Predictive values of body mass index and waist circumference for risk factors of certain related diseases in Chinese adults-Study on optimal cut-off points of body mass index and waist circumference in Chinese adults. Biomed. Environ. Sci. 2002, 15, 83-96. [PubMed].
19. Craig, C. L.; Marshall, A. L.; Sjostrom, M.; Bauman, A. E.; Booth, M. L.; Ainsworth, B. E.; Pratt, M.; Ekelund, U.; Yngve, A.; Sallis, J. F.; et al. International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 2003, 35, 1381-1395. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
20. Stevens, J.; Truesdale, K. P.; McClain, J. E.; Cai, J. The definition of weight maintenance. Int. J. Obes. 2006, 30, 391-399. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
21. Zhang, J.; Yu, K. F. What's the relative risk? A method of correcting the odds ratio in cohort studies of common outcomes. JAMA 1998, 280, 1690-1691. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
22. Bobbioni-Harsch, E.; Pataky, Z.; Makoundou, V.; Laville, M.; Disse, E.; Anderwald, C.; Konrad, T.; Golay, A.; Investigators, R. From metabolic normality to cardiometabolic risk factors in subjects with obesity. Obesity 2012, 20, 2063-2069. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
23. Zheng, R.; Zhou, D.; Zhu, Y. The long-term prognosis of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality for metabolically healthy obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Epidemiol. Commun. Health 2016. [CrossRef].
24. McLaughlin, T.; Abbasi, F.; Lamendola, C.; Liang, L.; Reaven, G.; Schaaf, P.; Reaven, P. Differentiation between obesity and insulin resistance in the association with C-reactive protein. Circulation 2002, 106, 2908-2912. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
25. Shin, M. J.; Hyun, Y. J.; Kim, O. Y.; Kim, J. Y.; Jang, Y.; Lee, J. H. Weight loss effect on inflammation and LDL oxidation in metabolically healthy but obese (MHO) individuals: Low inflammation and LDL oxidation in MHO women. Int. J. Obes. 2006, 30, 1529-1534. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
26. Arsenault, B. J.; Cote, M.; Cartier, A.; Lemieux, I.; Despres, J. P.; Ross, R.; Earnest, C. P.; Blair, S. N.; Church, T. S. Effect of exercise training on cardiometabolic risk markers among sedentary; but metabolically healthy overweight or obese post-menopausal women with elevated blood pressure. Atherosclerosis 2009, 207, 530-533. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
27. Dalzill, C.; Nigam, A.; Juneau, M.; Guilbeault, V.; Latour, E.; Mauriege, P.; Gayda, M. Intensive lifestyle intervention improves cardiometabolic and exercise parameters in metabolically healthy obese and metabolically unhealthy obese individuals. Can. J. Cardiol. 2014, 30, 434-440. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
28. Rondanelli, M.; Klersy, C.; Perna, S.; Faliva, M. A.; Montorfano, G.; Roderi, P.; Colombo, I.; Corsetto, P. A.; Fioravanti, M.; Solerte, S. B.; Rizzo, A. M. Effects of two-months balanced diet in metabolically healthy obesity: Lipid correlations with gender and BMI-related differences. Lipids Health Dis. 2015, 14, 139. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
29. Janiszewski, P. M.; Ross, R. Effects of weight loss among metabolically healthy obese men and women. Diabetes Care 2010, 33, 1957-1959. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
30. Liu, R. H.; Wharton, S.; Sharma, A. M.; Ardern, C. I.; Kuk, J. L. Influence of a clinical lifestyle-based weight loss program on the metabolic risk profile of metabolically normal and abnormal obese adults. Obesity 2013, 21, 1533-1539. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
31. Sesti, G.; Folli, F.; Perego, L.; Hribal, M. L.; Pontiroli, A. E. Effects of weight loss in metabolically healthy obese subjects after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding and hypocaloric diet. PLoS ONE 2011, 6, e17737. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
32. Forbes, G. B. Longitudinal changes in adult fat-free mass: Influence of body weight. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1999, 70, 1025-1031. [PubMed].
33. Cui, Z.; Truesdale, K. P.; Bradshaw, P. T.; Cai, J.; Stevens, J. Three-year weight change and cardiometabolic risk factors in obese and normal weight adults who are metabolically healthy: The atherosclerosis risk in communities study. Int. J. Obes. 2015, 39, 1203-1208. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
34. Truesdale, K. P.; Stevens, J.; Cai, J. Nine-year changes in cardiovascular disease risk factors with weight maintenance in the atherosclerosis risk in communities cohort. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2007, 165, 890-900. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
35. Wurtz, P.; Wang, Q.; Kangas, A. J.; Richmond, R. C.; Skarp, J.; Tiainen, M.; Tynkkynen, T.; Soininen, P.; Havulinna, A. S.; Kaakinen, M.; et al. Metabolic signatures of adiposity in young adults: Mendelian randomization analysis and effects of weight change. PLoS Med. 2014, 11, e1001765. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
36. Samocha-Bonet, D.; Dixit, V. D.; Kahn, C. R.; Leibel, R. L.; Lin, X.; Nieuwdorp, M.; Pietilainen, K. H.; Rabasa-Lhoret, R.; Roden, M.; Scherer, P. E.; et al. Metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese-The 2013 Stock Conference report. Obes. Rev. 2014, 15, 697-708. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
37. Rey-Lopez, J. P.; de Rezende, L. F.; de Sa, T. H.; Stamatakis, E. Is the metabolically healthy obesity phenotype an irrelevant artifact for public health? Am. J. Epidemiol. 2015, 182, 737-741. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
38. Heianza, Y.; Arase, Y.; Tsuji, H.; Fujihara, K.; Saito, K.; Hsieh, S. D.; Tanaka, S.; Kodama, S.; Hara, S.; Sone, H. Metabolically healthy obesity; presence or absence of fatty liver; and risk of type 2 diabetes in Japanese individuals: Toranomon Hospital Health Management Center Study 20 (TOPICS 20). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2014, 99, 2952-2960. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
39. Jung, C. H.; Lee, M. J.; Kang, Y. M.; Jang, J. E.; Leem, J.; Hwang, J. Y.; Kim, E. H.; Park, J. Y.; Kim, H. K.; Lee, W. J. The risk of incident type 2 diabetes in a Korean metabolically healthy obese population: The role of systemic inflammation. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2015, 100, 934-941. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
40. Soriguer, F.; Gutierrez-Repiso, C.; Rubio-Martin, E.; Garcia-Fuentes, E.; Almaraz, M. C.; Colomo, N.; Esteva de Antonio, I.; de Adana, M. S.; Chaves, F. J.; Morcillo, S.; et al. Metabolically healthy but obese; a matter of time? Findings from the prospective Pizarra study. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2013, 98, 2318-2325. [CrossRef] [PubMed].