메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 182, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 487-498

Guardian or threat: does golden eagle predation risk have cascading effects on forest grouse?

Author keywords

Intraguild predation; Mesopredator suppression; Top predator; Trophic cascade

Indexed keywords

ABUNDANCE; BIRD; CANID; INTRAGUILD PREDATION; MUSTELID; PREDATION RISK; PREDATOR; PREDATOR-PREY INTERACTION; RAPTOR; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEM; TROPHIC CASCADE;

EID: 84976286259     PISSN: 00298549     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00442-016-3680-8     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (10)

References (64)
  • 1
    • 0242501506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The habitat requirements of hazel grouse (Bonasa bonasia) in managed boreal forest and applicability of forest stand descriptions as a tool to identify suitable patches
    • Åberg J, Swenson JE, Angelstam P (2003) The habitat requirements of hazel grouse (Bonasa bonasia) in managed boreal forest and applicability of forest stand descriptions as a tool to identify suitable patches. Forest Ecol Manag 175:437–444. doi:10.1016/S0378-1127(02)00144-5
    • (2003) Forest Ecol Manag , vol.175 , pp. 437-444
    • Åberg, J.1    Swenson, J.E.2    Angelstam, P.3
  • 2
    • 41949109873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitat thresholds and effects of forest landscape change on the distribution and abundance of black grouse and capercaillie
    • Angelstam P (2004) Habitat thresholds and effects of forest landscape change on the distribution and abundance of black grouse and capercaillie. Ecol Bull 51:173–187
    • (2004) Ecol Bull , vol.51 , pp. 173-187
    • Angelstam, P.1
  • 3
    • 13444262053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • spatstat: an R package for analyzing spatial point patterns
    • Baddeley A, Turner R (2005) spatstat: an R package for analyzing spatial point patterns. J Stat Softw 12:1–42
    • (2005) J Stat Softw , vol.12 , pp. 1-42
    • Baddeley, A.1    Turner, R.2
  • 4
    • 40749094112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of alien mink predation on island vertebrate communities of the Baltic Sea archipelago: review of a long-term experimental study
    • Banks PB, Nordström M, Ahola M et al (2008) Impacts of alien mink predation on island vertebrate communities of the Baltic Sea archipelago: review of a long-term experimental study. Boreal Environ Res 13:3–16
    • (2008) Boreal Environ Res , vol.13 , pp. 3-16
    • Banks, P.B.1    Nordström, M.2    Ahola, M.3
  • 5
    • 0034941589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are goose nesting success and lemming cycles linked? Interplay between nest density and predators
    • Bêty J, Gauthier G, Giroux J-F, Korpimäki E (2001) Are goose nesting success and lemming cycles linked? Interplay between nest density and predators. Oikos 93:388–400
    • (2001) Oikos , vol.93 , pp. 388-400
    • Bêty, J.1    Gauthier, G.2    Giroux, J.-F.3    Korpimäki, E.4
  • 6
    • 84987711593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bjornstad ON (2015) ncf: spatial nonparametric covariance functions. R package version 1.1-6
    • Bjornstad ON (2015) ncf: spatial nonparametric covariance functions. R package version 1.1-6. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=ncf
  • 7
    • 0036918680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitat selection by Eurasian pine martens Martes martes in managed forests of southern boreal Scandinavia
    • Brainerd SM, Rolstad J (2002) Habitat selection by Eurasian pine martens Martes martes in managed forests of southern boreal Scandinavia. Wildlife Biol 8:289–297
    • (2002) Wildlife Biol , vol.8 , pp. 289-297
    • Brainerd, S.M.1    Rolstad, J.2
  • 8
    • 84928309697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R: a language and environment for statistical computing
    • Core Team R (2015) R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Version 3(2):3
    • (2015) Version , vol.3 , Issue.2 , pp. 3
    • Core Team, R.1
  • 9
    • 0033526979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mesopredator release and avifaunal extinctions in a fragmented system
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXltFKrsrw%3D
    • Crooks KR, Soulé ME (1999) Mesopredator release and avifaunal extinctions in a fragmented system. Nature 400:563–566. doi:10.1038/23028
    • (1999) Nature , vol.400 , pp. 563-566
    • Crooks, K.R.1    Soulé, M.E.2
  • 10
    • 34247549247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in the diet composition of a generalist predator, the red fox, in relation to season and density of main prey
    • Dell’Arte GL, Laaksonen T, Norrdahl K, Korpimäki E (2007) Variation in the diet composition of a generalist predator, the red fox, in relation to season and density of main prey. Acta Oecol 31:276–281. doi:10.1016/j.actao.2006.12.007
    • (2007) Acta Oecol , vol.31 , pp. 276-281
    • Dell’Arte, G.L.1    Laaksonen, T.2    Norrdahl, K.3    Korpimäki, E.4
  • 11
    • 77957004197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Top predators, mesopredators and their prey: interference ecosystems along bioclimatic productivity gradients
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BC3cnnslCmsA%3D%3D, PID: 20337755
    • Elmhagen B, Ludwig G, Rushton SP et al (2010) Top predators, mesopredators and their prey: interference ecosystems along bioclimatic productivity gradients. J Anim Ecol 79:785–794. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2656.2010.01678.x
    • (2010) J Anim Ecol , vol.79 , pp. 785-794
    • Elmhagen, B.1    Ludwig, G.2    Rushton, S.P.3
  • 12
    • 79960548631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trophic downgrading of planet Earth
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXos1ylur0%3D, PID: 21764740
    • Estes JA, Terborgh J, Brashares JS et al (2011) Trophic downgrading of planet Earth. Science 333:301–306. doi:10.1126/science.1205106
    • (2011) Science , vol.333 , pp. 301-306
    • Estes, J.A.1    Terborgh, J.2    Brashares, J.S.3
  • 13
    • 84987773408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Union Open Data Portal
    • European Environment Agency (2009) CORILIS—CORINE Lissage (2000). European Union Open Data Portal. Permalink: 63eabc5a1a61b356b891c48638c519f3
    • (2000) Permalink: 63eabc5a1a61b356b891c48638c519f3
  • 14
    • 67649986261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does removal of an alien predator from small islands in the Baltic Sea induce a trophic cascade?
    • Fey K, Banks PB, Oksanen L, Korpimäki E (2009) Does removal of an alien predator from small islands in the Baltic Sea induce a trophic cascade? Ecography 32:546–552. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0587.2008.05637.x
    • (2009) Ecography , vol.32 , pp. 546-552
    • Fey, K.1    Banks, P.B.2    Oksanen, L.3    Korpimäki, E.4
  • 15
    • 84987773430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finnish Meteorological Institute (2014) Open data: Finnish Climate Data set 1961–2000
    • Finnish Meteorological Institute (2014) Open data: Finnish Climate Data set 1961–2000
  • 16
    • 0030389779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competitive and predatory interactions among raptors: an observational and experimental study
    • Hakkarainen H, Korpimäki E (1996) Competitive and predatory interactions among raptors: an observational and experimental study. Ecology 77:1134–1142
    • (1996) Ecology , vol.77 , pp. 1134-1142
    • Hakkarainen, H.1    Korpimäki, E.2
  • 17
    • 0034951575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small-rodent dynamics and predation
    • Hanski I, Henttonen H, Korpimäki E et al (2001) Small-rodent dynamics and predation. Ecology 82:1505–1520
    • (2001) Ecology , vol.82 , pp. 1505-1520
    • Hanski, I.1    Henttonen, H.2    Korpimäki, E.3
  • 18
    • 0031728806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summer food composition and food niche overlap of the raccoon dog, red fox and badger in Finland
    • Kauhala K, Laukkanen P, von Rége I (1998) Summer food composition and food niche overlap of the raccoon dog, red fox and badger in Finland. Ecography 21:457–463. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0587.1998.tb00436.x
    • (1998) Ecography , vol.21 , pp. 457-463
    • Kauhala, K.1    Laukkanen, P.2    von Rége, I.3
  • 19
    • 0034024089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predator control and the density and reproductive success of grouse populations in Finland
    • Kauhala K, Helle P, Helle E (2000) Predator control and the density and reproductive success of grouse populations in Finland. Ecography 23:161–168. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0587.2000.230201.x
    • (2000) Ecography , vol.23 , pp. 161-168
    • Kauhala, K.1    Helle, P.2    Helle, E.3
  • 20
    • 0024909572 scopus 로고
    • Avian predation on mustelids in Europe 1: occurrence and effects on body size variation and life traits
    • Korpimäki E, Norrdahl K (1989) Avian predation on mustelids in Europe 1: occurrence and effects on body size variation and life traits. Oikos 55:205–215. doi:10.2307/3565424
    • (1989) Oikos , vol.55 , pp. 205-215
    • Korpimäki, E.1    Norrdahl, K.2
  • 21
    • 17044435907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predator-induced synchrony in population oscillations of coexisting small mammal species
    • Korpimäki E, Norrdahl K, Huitu O, Klemola T (2005) Predator-induced synchrony in population oscillations of coexisting small mammal species. Proc R Soc B Biol Sci 272:193–202. doi:10.1098/rspb.2004.2860
    • (2005) Proc R Soc B Biol Sci , vol.272 , pp. 193-202
    • Korpimäki, E.1    Norrdahl, K.2    Huitu, O.3    Klemola, T.4
  • 22
    • 0030620261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breeding success of black grouse and capercaillie in relation to mammalian predator densities on two spatial scales
    • Kurki S, Helle P, Lindén H, Nikula A (1997) Breeding success of black grouse and capercaillie in relation to mammalian predator densities on two spatial scales. Oikos 79:301–310. doi:10.2307/3546014
    • (1997) Oikos , vol.79 , pp. 301-310
    • Kurki, S.1    Helle, P.2    Lindén, H.3    Nikula, A.4
  • 23
    • 0031742718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abundances of red fox and pine marten in relation to the composition of boreal forest landscapes
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BC283mvF2hsw%3D%3D, PID: 26412368
    • Kurki S, Nikula A, Helle P, Lindén H (1998) Abundances of red fox and pine marten in relation to the composition of boreal forest landscapes. J Anim Ecol 67:874–886. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2656.1998.6760874.x
    • (1998) J Anim Ecol , vol.67 , pp. 874-886
    • Kurki, S.1    Nikula, A.2    Helle, P.3    Lindén, H.4
  • 24
    • 0002681943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wildlife triangle scheme in Finland: methods and aims for monitoring wildlife populations
    • Lindén H, Helle E, Helle P, Wikman M (1996) Wildlife triangle scheme in Finland: methods and aims for monitoring wildlife populations. Finn Game Res 49:4–11
    • (1996) Finn Game Res , vol.49 , pp. 4-11
    • Lindén, H.1    Helle, E.2    Helle, P.3    Wikman, M.4
  • 25
    • 0028177810 scopus 로고
    • Disease reveals the predator: sarcoptic mange, red fox predation, and prey populations
    • Lindström ER, Andrén H, Angelstam P et al (1994) Disease reveals the predator: sarcoptic mange, red fox predation, and prey populations. Ecology 75:1042–1049
    • (1994) Ecology , vol.75 , pp. 1042-1049
    • Lindström, E.R.1    Andrén, H.2    Angelstam, P.3
  • 27
    • 84898405944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lethal interactions among vertebrate top predators: a review of concepts, assumptions and terminology
    • PID: 23980715
    • Lourenço R, Penteriani V, Rabaça JE, Korpimäki E (2014) Lethal interactions among vertebrate top predators: a review of concepts, assumptions and terminology. Biol Rev 89:270–283. doi:10.1111/brv.12054
    • (2014) Biol Rev , vol.89 , pp. 270-283
    • Lourenço, R.1    Penteriani, V.2    Rabaça, J.E.3    Korpimäki, E.4
  • 28
    • 78650304744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Superpredation patterns in four large European raptors
    • Lourenҫo R, Santos SM, Rabaҫa JE, Penteriani V (2011) Superpredation patterns in four large European raptors. Popul Ecol 53:175–185. doi:10.1007/s10144-010-0199-4
    • (2011) Popul Ecol , vol.53 , pp. 175-185
    • Lourenҫo, R.1    Santos, S.M.2    Rabaҫa, J.E.3    Penteriani, V.4
  • 29
    • 33747075788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short- and long-term population dynamical consequences of asymmetric climate change in black grouse
    • PID: 16846907
    • Ludwig GX, Alatalo RV, Helle P et al (2006) Short- and long-term population dynamical consequences of asymmetric climate change in black grouse. Proc R Soc B 273:2009–2016. doi:10.1098/rspb.2006.3538
    • (2006) Proc R Soc B , vol.273 , pp. 2009-2016
    • Ludwig, G.X.1    Alatalo, R.V.2    Helle, P.3
  • 30
    • 79251509932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual and environmental determinants of daily black grouse nest survival rates at variable predator densities
    • Ludwig GX, Alatalo RV, Helle P, Siitari H (2010) Individual and environmental determinants of daily black grouse nest survival rates at variable predator densities. Ann Zool Fenn 47:387–397
    • (2010) Ann Zool Fenn , vol.47 , pp. 387-397
    • Ludwig, G.X.1    Alatalo, R.V.2    Helle, P.3    Siitari, H.4
  • 31
    • 84921364336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Avian top predator and the landscape of fear: responses of mammalian mesopredators to risk imposed by the golden eagle
    • PID: 25691975
    • Lyly MS, Villers A, Koivisto E et al (2015) Avian top predator and the landscape of fear: responses of mammalian mesopredators to risk imposed by the golden eagle. Ecol Evol 5:503–514. doi:10.1002/ece3.1370
    • (2015) Ecol Evol , vol.5 , pp. 503-514
    • Lyly, M.S.1    Villers, A.2    Koivisto, E.3
  • 32
    • 0024258617 scopus 로고
    • The impact of predation on boreal tetraonids during vole cycles: an experimental study
    • Marcström V, Kenward RE, Engren E (1988) The impact of predation on boreal tetraonids during vole cycles: an experimental study. J Anim Ecol 57:859–872. doi:10.2307/5097
    • (1988) J Anim Ecol , vol.57 , pp. 859-872
    • Marcström, V.1    Kenward, R.E.2    Engren, E.3
  • 33
    • 0004970486 scopus 로고
    • Thermal responses in the capercaillie Tetrao urogallus and the black grouse Lyrurus tetrix roosting in the snow
    • Marjakangas A, Rintamäki H, Hissa R (1984) Thermal responses in the capercaillie Tetrao urogallus and the black grouse Lyrurus tetrix roosting in the snow. Physiol Zool 57:99–104
    • (1984) Physiol Zool , vol.57 , pp. 99-104
    • Marjakangas, A.1    Rintamäki, H.2    Hissa, R.3
  • 34
    • 34247197260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predation as a landscape effect: the trading off by prey species between predation risks and protection benefits
    • PID: 17439478
    • Mönkkönen M, Husby M, Tornberg R et al (2007) Predation as a landscape effect: the trading off by prey species between predation risks and protection benefits. J Anim Ecol 76:619–629. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2656.2007.01233.x
    • (2007) J Anim Ecol , vol.76 , pp. 619-629
    • Mönkkönen, M.1    Husby, M.2    Tornberg, R.3
  • 35
    • 1042267710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival in an expanding hazel grouse Bonasa bonasia population in the southeastern French Alps
    • Montadert M, Leonard P (2003) Survival in an expanding hazel grouse Bonasa bonasia population in the southeastern French Alps. Wildlife Biol 9:357–364
    • (2003) Wildlife Biol , vol.9 , pp. 357-364
    • Montadert, M.1    Leonard, P.2
  • 36
    • 84919838102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A continental scale trophic cascade from wolves through coyotes to foxes
    • PID: 24930631
    • Newsome TM, Ripple WJ (2015) A continental scale trophic cascade from wolves through coyotes to foxes. J Anim Ecol 84:49–59. doi:10.1111/1365-2656.12258
    • (2015) J Anim Ecol , vol.84 , pp. 49-59
    • Newsome, T.M.1    Ripple, W.J.2
  • 38
    • 84987755159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metsähallituksen vastuulajien tila ja suojelutaso vuonna 2006
    • Tietolomake, lajit, Metsähallitus
    • Ollila T, Ilmonen J (2009) Metsähallituksen vastuulajien tila ja suojelutaso vuonna 2006. Maakotka—Aquila chrysaetos (L.). Tietolomake, lajit. Metsähallitus
    • (2009) Maakotka—Aquila chrysaetos (L.)
    • Ollila, T.1    Ilmonen, J.2
  • 39
    • 0028974724 scopus 로고
    • Positive effects on game species of top predators by controlling smaller predator populations: an example with lynx, mongooses, and rabbits
    • Palomares F, Gaona P, Ferreras P, Delibes M (1995) Positive effects on game species of top predators by controlling smaller predator populations: an example with lynx, mongooses, and rabbits. Conserv Biol 9:295–305
    • (1995) Conserv Biol , vol.9 , pp. 295-305
    • Palomares, F.1    Gaona, P.2    Ferreras, P.3    Delibes, M.4
  • 40
    • 84900797551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal survival of young and adult black grouse females in boreal forests
    • Pekkola M, Alatalo R, Pöysä H, Siitari H (2014) Seasonal survival of young and adult black grouse females in boreal forests. Eur J Wildl Res 60:477–488. doi:10.1007/s10344-014-0809-0
    • (2014) Eur J Wildl Res , vol.60 , pp. 477-488
    • Pekkola, M.1    Alatalo, R.2    Pöysä, H.3    Siitari, H.4
  • 41
    • 18744399618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring wildlife richness—Finnish applications based on wildlife triangle censuses
    • Pellikka J, Rita H, Lindén H (2005) Monitoring wildlife richness—Finnish applications based on wildlife triangle censuses. Ann Zool Fenn 42:123–134
    • (2005) Ann Zool Fenn , vol.42 , pp. 123-134
    • Pellikka, J.1    Rita, H.2    Lindén, H.3
  • 42
    • 0024870634 scopus 로고
    • The ecology and evolution of intraguild predation: potential competitors that eat each other
    • Polis GA, Myers CA, Holt RD (1989) The ecology and evolution of intraguild predation: potential competitors that eat each other. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 20:297–330. doi:10.1146/annurev.es.20.110189.001501
    • (1989) Annu Rev Ecol Syst , vol.20 , pp. 297-330
    • Polis, G.A.1    Myers, C.A.2    Holt, R.D.3
  • 43
    • 77649218610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rise of the mesopredator
    • Prugh LR, Stoner CJ, Epps CW et al (2009) The rise of the mesopredator. Bioscience 59:779–791. doi:10.1525/bio.2009.59.9.9
    • (2009) Bioscience , vol.59 , pp. 779-791
    • Prugh, L.R.1    Stoner, C.J.2    Epps, C.W.3
  • 44
    • 0030298987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A long-term study of the winter food niche of the pine marten Martes martes in northern boreal Finland
    • Pulliainen E, Ollinmäki P (1996) A long-term study of the winter food niche of the pine marten Martes martes in northern boreal Finland. Acta Theriol 41:337–352
    • (1996) Acta Theriol , vol.41 , pp. 337-352
    • Pulliainen, E.1    Ollinmäki, P.2
  • 45
    • 50049120058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective nesting associations in birds
    • Quinn JL, Ueta M (2008) Protective nesting associations in birds. Ibis 150:146–167. doi:10.1111/j.1474-919X.2008.00823.x
    • (2008) Ibis , vol.150 , pp. 146-167
    • Quinn, J.L.1    Ueta, M.2
  • 46
    • 0037327624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predator protection or similar habitat selection in red-breasted goose nesting associations: extremes along a continuum
    • Quinn JL, Prop J, Kokorev Y, Black JM (2003) Predator protection or similar habitat selection in red-breasted goose nesting associations: extremes along a continuum. Anim Behav 65:297–307. doi:10.1006/anbe.2003.2063
    • (2003) Anim Behav , vol.65 , pp. 297-307
    • Quinn, J.L.1    Prop, J.2    Kokorev, Y.3    Black, J.M.4
  • 47
    • 84856231291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trophic cascades in Yellowstone: the first 15 years after wolf reintroduction
    • Ripple WJ, Beschta RL (2012) Trophic cascades in Yellowstone: the first 15 years after wolf reintroduction. Biol Conserv 145:205–213. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2011.11.005
    • (2012) Biol Conserv , vol.145 , pp. 205-213
    • Ripple, W.J.1    Beschta, R.L.2
  • 48
    • 84859940649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecosystem restoration with teeth: what role for predators?
    • PID: 22321653
    • Ritchie EG, Elmhagen B, Glen AS et al (2012) Ecosystem restoration with teeth: what role for predators? Trends Ecol Evol 27:265–271. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2012.01.001
    • (2012) Trends Ecol Evol , vol.27 , pp. 265-271
    • Ritchie, E.G.1    Elmhagen, B.2    Glen, A.S.3
  • 49
    • 67649781216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ecological role of the mammalian mesocarnivore
    • Roemer GW, Gompper ME, van Valkenburgh B (2009) The ecological role of the mammalian mesocarnivore. Bioscience 59:165–173. doi:10.1525/bio.2009.59.2.9
    • (2009) Bioscience , vol.59 , pp. 165-173
    • Roemer, G.W.1    Gompper, M.E.2    van Valkenburgh, B.3
  • 50
    • 53949116535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk induced by a native top predator reduces alien mink movements
    • PID: 18624744
    • Salo P, Nordström M, Thomson RL, Korpimäki E (2008) Risk induced by a native top predator reduces alien mink movements. J Anim Ecol 77:1092–1098. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2656.2008.01430.x
    • (2008) J Anim Ecol , vol.77 , pp. 1092-1098
    • Salo, P.1    Nordström, M.2    Thomson, R.L.3    Korpimäki, E.4
  • 51
    • 0036029576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nest loss and chick mortality in capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) and hazel grouse (Bonasa bonasia) in West Carpathians
    • Saniga M (2002) Nest loss and chick mortality in capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) and hazel grouse (Bonasa bonasia) in West Carpathians. Folia Zool 51:205–214
    • (2002) Folia Zool , vol.51 , pp. 205-214
    • Saniga, M.1
  • 52
    • 50049116426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraguild predation in raptor assemblages: a review
    • Sergio F, Hiraldo F (2008) Intraguild predation in raptor assemblages: a review. Ibis 150:132–145. doi:10.1111/j.1474-919X.2008.00786.x
    • (2008) Ibis , vol.150 , pp. 132-145
    • Sergio, F.1    Hiraldo, F.2
  • 53
    • 0031880532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emergent impacts of multiple predators on prey
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BC3M7itF2lsQ%3D%3D, PID: 21238339
    • Sih A, Englund G, Wooster D (1998) Emergent impacts of multiple predators on prey. Trends Ecol Evol 13:350–355
    • (1998) Trends Ecol Evol , vol.13 , pp. 350-355
    • Sih, A.1    Englund, G.2    Wooster, D.3
  • 54
    • 0001461765 scopus 로고
    • Diet and habitat selection of the pine marten in relation to competition with the red fox
    • Storch I, Lindström E, de Jounge J (1990) Diet and habitat selection of the pine marten in relation to competition with the red fox. Acta Theriol 35:311–320
    • (1990) Acta Theriol , vol.35 , pp. 311-320
    • Storch, I.1    Lindström, E.2    de Jounge, J.3
  • 55
    • 0032856185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in the diet of the Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos and small game populations in Finland in 1957–96
    • Sulkava S, Huhtala K, Rajala P, Tornberg R (1999) Changes in the diet of the Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos and small game populations in Finland in 1957–96. Ornis Fenn 76:1–16
    • (1999) Ornis Fenn , vol.76 , pp. 1-16
    • Sulkava, S.1    Huhtala, K.2    Rajala, P.3    Tornberg, R.4
  • 56
    • 0027870960 scopus 로고
    • Habitat separation by sympatric forest grouse in Fennoscandia in relation to boreal forest succession
    • Swenson JE, Angelstam P (1993) Habitat separation by sympatric forest grouse in Fennoscandia in relation to boreal forest succession. Can J Zool 71:1303–1310. doi:10.1139/z93-180
    • (1993) Can J Zool , vol.71 , pp. 1303-1310
    • Swenson, J.E.1    Angelstam, P.2
  • 57
    • 0001976704 scopus 로고
    • Effects of weather on hazel grouse reproduction: an allometric perspective
    • Swenson JE, Saari L, Bonczar Z (1994) Effects of weather on hazel grouse reproduction: an allometric perspective. J Avian Biol 25:8–14
    • (1994) J Avian Biol , vol.25 , pp. 8-14
    • Swenson, J.E.1    Saari, L.2    Bonczar, Z.3
  • 59
    • 0035674384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pattern of goshawk Accipiter gentilis predation on four forest grouse species in northern Finland
    • Tornberg R (2001) Pattern of goshawk Accipiter gentilis predation on four forest grouse species in northern Finland. Wildlife Biol 7:245–256
    • (2001) Wildlife Biol , vol.7 , pp. 245-256
    • Tornberg, R.1
  • 60
    • 79958750987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vulnerability of black grouse hens to goshawk predation: result of food supply or predation facilitation?
    • PID: 21181416
    • Tornberg R, Helle P, Korpimäki E (2011) Vulnerability of black grouse hens to goshawk predation: result of food supply or predation facilitation? Oecologia 166:577–584. doi:10.1007/s00442-010-1884-x
    • (2011) Oecologia , vol.166 , pp. 577-584
    • Tornberg, R.1    Helle, P.2    Korpimäki, E.3
  • 61
    • 21044432329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Birds of prey as limiting factors of gamebird populations in Europe: a review
    • PID: 15921048
    • Valkama J, Korpimäki E, Arroyo B et al (2005) Birds of prey as limiting factors of gamebird populations in Europe: a review. Biol Rev 80:171–203. doi:10.1017/s146479310400658x
    • (2005) Biol Rev , vol.80 , pp. 171-203
    • Valkama, J.1    Korpimäki, E.2    Arroyo, B.3
  • 62
    • 38449120216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of intraguild predation on prey suppression and prey release: a meta-analysis
    • PID: 18051635
    • Vance-Chalcraft HD, Rosenheim JA, Vonesh JR et al (2007) The influence of intraguild predation on prey suppression and prey release: a meta-analysis. Ecology 88:2689–2696. doi:10.1890/06-1869.1
    • (2007) Ecology , vol.88 , pp. 2689-2696
    • Vance-Chalcraft, H.D.1    Rosenheim, J.A.2    Vonesh, J.R.3
  • 63
    • 0003671621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Yale University Press, New Haven
    • Watson J (2010) The Golden Eagle, 2nd edn. Yale University Press, New Haven
    • (2010) The Golden Eagle
    • Watson, J.1
  • 64
    • 78650862532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fast stable restricted maximum likelihood and marginal likelihood estimation of semiparametric generalized linear models
    • Wood S (2011) Fast stable restricted maximum likelihood and marginal likelihood estimation of semiparametric generalized linear models. J R Stat Soc 73:3–36
    • (2011) J R Stat Soc , vol.73 , pp. 3-36
    • Wood, S.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.