Comorbidities of epilepsy: Current concepts and future perspectives

The Lancet Neurology

Volumn 15, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 106-115

  Keezer, Mark R ^a,b   Sisodiya, Sanjay M ^a,b   Sander, Josemir W ^a,b,c  

^a The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Blood Borne and Sexually Transmitted Infections at University College London in partnership with UK Health Security Agency   (United Kingdom)

^b EPILEPSY SOCIETY   (United Kingdom)

^c STICHTING EPILEPSIE INSTELLINGEN NEDERLAND SEIN   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANXIETY; ARTHRITIS; COMORBIDITY; DEMENTIA; DEPRESSION; EPILEPSY; FUTUROLOGY; GENETIC ANALYSIS; HEALTH CARE COST; HEART DISEASE; HUMAN; MIGRAINE; MORTALITY; PEPTIC ULCER; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; QUALITY OF LIFE; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; TREATMENT PLANNING; FORECASTING; MENTAL DISORDERS; MIGRAINE DISORDERS;

COMORBIDITY; EPILEPSY; FORECASTING; HUMANS; MENTAL DISORDERS; MIGRAINE DISORDERS; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 84965183841     PISSN: 14744422     EISSN: 14744465     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00225-2     Document Type: Review

References (97)

1. Feinstein A Pre-therapeutic classification of co-morbidity in chronic disease. J Chronic Dis 1970, 23:455-468.
2. Forsgren L Prevalence of epilepsy in adults in northern Sweden. Epilepsia 1992, 33:450-458.
3. Gaitatzis A, Sisodiya SM, Sander JW The somatic comorbidity of epilepsy: a weighty but often unrecognized burden. Epilepsia 2012, 53:1282-1293.
4. LaFrance WC, Kanner AM, Hermann B Psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy. Int Rev Neurobiol 2008, 83:347-383.
5. Velioğlu SK, Boz C, Ozmenoğlu M The impact of migraine on epilepsy: a prospective prognosis study. Cephalalgia 2005, 25:528-535.
6. Taylor RS, Sander JW, Taylor RJ, Baker GA Predictors of health-related quality of life and costs in adults with epilepsy: a systematic review. Epilepsia 2011, 52:2168-2180.
7. A Dictionary of Epidemiology 2014, Oxford University Press, Oxford. M. Porta (Ed.).
8. Thurman DJ, Beghi E, Begley CE, et al. Standards for epidemiologic studies and surveillance of epilepsy. Epilepsia 2011, 52(suppl 7):2-26. the ILAE Commission on Epidemiology.
9. Deddens JA, Petersen MR Approaches for estimating prevalence ratios. Occup Environ Med 2008, 65:501-506.
10. Barros AJ, Hirakata VN Alternatives for logistic regression in cross-sectional studies: an empirical comparison of models that directly estimate the prevalence ratio. BMC Med Res Methodol 2003, 3:21.
11. Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis 1987, 40:373-383.
12. Elixhauser A, Steiner C, Harris DR, Coffey RM Comorbidity measures for use with administrative data. Med Care 1998, 36:8-27.
13. van Walraven C, Austin PC, Jennings A, Quan H, Forster AJ A modification of the Elixhauser comorbidity measures into a point system for hospital death using administrative data. Med Care 2009, 47:626-633.
14. Sharabiani MT, Aylin P, Bottle A Systematic review of comorbidity indices for administrative data. Med Care 2012, 50:1109-1118.
15. St Germaine-Smith C, Liu M, Quan H, Wiebe S, Jette N Development of an epilepsy-specific risk adjustment comorbidity index. Epilepsia 2011, 52:2161-2167.
16. Keezer MR, Bell GS, Jetté N, Sander JW The performance of three mortality risk-adjustment comorbidity indices in a community epilepsy cohort. Epilepsia 2015, 56:e68-e72.
17. Rutter M Comorbidity: concepts, claims and choices. Crim Behav Ment Health 1997, 7:265-285.
18. Neale MC, Kendler KS Models of comorbidity for multifactorial disorders. Am J Hum Genet 1995, 57:935-953.
19. Rhee SH, Hewitt JK, Lessem JM, Stallings MC, Corley RP, Neale MC The validity of the Neale and Kendler model-fitting approach in examining the etiology of comorbidity. Behav Genet 2004, 34:251-265.
20. Jansen FE, Vincken KL, Algra A, et al. Cognitive impairment in tuberous sclerosis complex is a multifactorial condition. Neurology 2008, 70:916-923.
21. Osborne JP, Lux AL, Edwards SW, et al. The underlying etiology of infantile spasms (West syndrome): information from the United Kingdom Infantile Spasms Study (UKISS) on contemporary causes and their classification. Epilepsia 2010, 51:2168-2174.
22. Rothman KJ, Greenland S, Lash TL Validity in epidemiologic studies. Modern epidemiology 2008, 129-147. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA. 3rd edn. K.J. Rothman, S. Greenland, T.L. Lash (Eds.).
23. Sica GT Bias in research studies. Radiology 2006, 238:780-789.
24. Sackett DL Bias in analytic research. J Chronic Dis 1979, 32:51-63.
25. Delgado-Rodríguez M, Llorca J Bias. J Epidemiol Community Health 2004, 58:635-641.
26. Olafsson E, Ludvigsson P, Gudmundsson G, Hesdorffer D, Kjartansson O, Hauser WA Incidence of unprovoked seizures and epilepsy in Iceland and assessment of the epilepsy syndrome classification: a prospective study. Lancet Neurol 2005, 4:627-634.
27. Glymour MM, Greenland S Causal diagrams. Modern epidemiology 2008, 183-209. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA. 3rd edn. K.J. Rothman, S. Greenland, T.L. Lash (Eds.).
28. England MJ, Liverman CT, Schultz AM, Strawbridge LM Epilepsy across the spectrum: promoting health and understanding. A summary of the Institute of Medicine report. Epilepsy Behav 2012, 25:266-276.
29. Brunklaus A, Ellis R, Reavey E, Forbes GH, Zuberi SM Prognostic, clinical and demographic features in SCN1A mutation-positive Dravet syndrome. Brain 2012, 135:2329-2336.
30. Ligthart L, Boomsma DI Causes of comorbidity: pleiotropy or causality? Shared genetic and environmental influences on migraine and neuroticism. Twin Res Hum Genet 2012, 15:158-165.
31. Major P, Rakowski S, Simon MV, et al. Are cortical tubers epileptogenic? Evidence from electrocorticography. Epilepsia 2009, 50:147-154.
32. Greenland S, Rothman KJ, Lash TL Measures of effect and measures of association. Modern epidemiology 2008, 51-70. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA. K.J. Rothman, S. Greenland, T.L. Lash (Eds.).
33. Diaz-Arrastia R, Gong Y, Fair S, et al. Increased risk of late posttraumatic seizures associated with inheritance of APOE epsilon4 allele. Arch Neurol 2003, 60:818-822.
34. Tennis P, Stern RS Risk of serious cutaneous disorders after initiation of use of phenytoin, carbamazepine, or sodium valproate: a record linkage study. Neurology 1997, 49:542-546.
35. McCormack M, Alfirevic A, Bourgeois S, et al. HLA-A*3101 and carbamazepine-induced hypersensitivity reactions in Europeans. N Engl J Med 2011, 364:1134-1143.
36. Gaitatzis A, Carroll K, Majeed A, Sander JW The epidemiology of the comorbidity of epilepsy in the general population. Epilepsia 2004, 45:1613-1622.
37. Téllez-Zenteno JF, Matijevic S, Wiebe S Somatic comorbidity of epilepsy in the general population in Canada. Epilepsia 2005, 46:1955-1962.
38. Téllez-Zenteno JF, Patten SB, Jetté N, Williams J, Wiebe S Psychiatric comorbidity in epilepsy: a population-based analysis. Epilepsia 2007, 48:2336-2344.
39. Ottman R, Lipton RB, Ettinger AB, et al. Comorbidities of epilepsy: results from the Epilepsy Comorbidities and Health (EPIC) survey. Epilepsia 2011, 52:308-315.
40. Strine TW, Kobau R, Chapman DP, Thurman DJ, Price P, Balluz LS Psychological distress, comorbidities, and health behaviors among U.S. adults with seizures: results from the 2002 National Health Interview Survey. Epilepsia 2005, 46:1133-1139.
41. Kobau R, Zahran H, Thurman DJ, et al. Epilepsy surveillance among adults-19 states, behavioral risk factor surveillance system, 2005. MMWR Surveill Summ 2008, 57:1-20. the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
42. Elliott JO, Lu B, Shneker B, Charyton C, Layne Moore J Comorbidity, health screening, and quality of life among persons with a history of epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2009, 14:125-129.
43. Kadima N, Kobau R, Zack M, Helmers S Comorbidity in adults with epilepsy-United States, 2010. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2013, 62:849-853. the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
44. Hauser WA, Annegers JF, Kurland LT Prevalence of epilepsy in Rochester, Minnesota: 1940-1980. Epilepsia 1991, 32:429-445.
45. Bauer PR, Carpay JA, Terwindt GM, et al. Headache and epilepsy. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2013, 17:351.
46. Keezer MR, Novy J, Sander JW Type 1 diabetes mellitus in people with pharmacoresistant epilepsy: prevalence and clinical characteristics. Epilepsy Res 2015, 115:55-57.
47. Ottman R, Barker-Cummings C, Leibson CL, Vasoli VM, Hauser WA, Buchhalter JR Validation of a brief screening instrument for the ascertainment of epilepsy. Epilepsia 2010, 51:191-197.
48. Cevoli S, D'Amico D, Martelletti P, et al. Underdiagnosis and undertreatment of migraine in Italy: a survey of patients attending for the first time 10 headache centres. Cephalalgia 2009, 29:1285-1293.
49. Di Franco M, Iannuccelli C, Bazzichi L, et al. Misdiagnosis in fibromyalgia: a multicentre study. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2011, 29(suppl 69):S104-S108.
50. Hesdorffer DC, Ishihara L, Mynepalli L, Webb DJ, Weil J, Hauser WA Epilepsy, suicidality, and psychiatric disorders: a bidirectional association. Ann Neurol 2012, 72:184-191.
51. Hesdorffer DC, Hauser WA, Olafsson E, Ludvigsson P, Kjartansson O Depression and suicide attempt as risk factors for incident unprovoked seizures. Ann Neurol 2006, 59:35-41.
52. Qin P, Xu H, Laursen TM, Vestergaard M, Mortensen PB Risk for schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychosis among patients with epilepsy: population based cohort study. BMJ 2005, 331:23.
53. Chang YT, Chen PC, Tsai IJ, et al. Bidirectional relation between schizophrenia and epilepsy: a population-based retrospective cohort study. Epilepsia 2011, 52:2036-2042.
54. Ottman R, Lipton RB Comorbidity of migraine and epilepsy. Neurology 1994, 44:2105-2110.
55. Cleary P, Shorvon S, Tallis R Late-onset seizures as a predictor of subsequent stroke. Lancet 2004, 363:1184-1186.
56. Kotila M, Waltimo O Epilepsy after stroke. Epilepsia 1992, 33:495-498.
57. Hesdorffer DC, Hauser WA, Annegers JF, Kokmen E, Rocca WA Dementia and adult-onset unprovoked seizures. Neurology 1996, 46:727-730.
58. Breteler MM, de Groot RR, van Romunde LK, Hofman A Risk of dementia in patients with Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, and severe head trauma: a register-based follow-up study. Am J Epidemiol 1995, 142:1300-1305.
59. Ott D, Siddarth P, Gurbani S, et al. Behavioral disorders in pediatric epilepsy: unmet psychiatric need. Epilepsia 2003, 44:591-597.
60. Barry JJ The recognition and management of mood disorders as a comorbidity of epilepsy. Epilepsia 2003, 44(suppl 4):30-40.
61. Kwan P, Man CB, Leung H, Yu E, Wong KS Headache in patients with epilepsy: a prospective incidence study. Epilepsia 2008, 49:1099-1102.
62. Lado F, Spiegel R, Masur JH, Boro A, Haut SR Value of routine screening for bone demineralization in an urban population of patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2008, 78:155-160.
63. Ong MS, Kohane IS, Cai T, Gorman MP, Mandl KD Population-level evidence for an autoimmune etiology of epilepsy. JAMA Neurol 2014, 71:569-574.
64. Vincent A, Bien CG, Irani SR, Waters P Autoantibodies associated with diseases of the CNS: new developments and future challenges. Lancet Neurol 2011, 10:759-772.
65. Alper K, Schwartz KA, Kolts RL, Khan A Seizure incidence in psychopharmacological clinical trials: an analysis of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) summary basis of approval reports. Biol Psychiatry 2007, 62:345-354.
66. Téllez-Zenteno JF, Dhar R, Hernandez-Ronquillo L, Wiebe S Long-term outcomes in epilepsy surgery: antiepileptic drugs, mortality, cognitive and psychosocial aspects. Brain 2007, 130:334-345.
67. Gijsen R, Hoeymans N, Schellevis FG, Ruwaard D, Satariano WA, van den Bos GA Causes and consequences of comorbidity: a review. J Clin Epidemiol 2001, 54:661-674.
68. Hitiris N, Mohanraj R, Norrie J, Sills GJ, Brodie MJ Predictors of pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2007, 75:192-196.
69. Kanner AM, Byrne R, Chicharro A, Wuu J, Frey M A lifetime psychiatric history predicts a worse seizure outcome following temporal lobectomy. Neurology 2009, 72:793-799.
70. Taylor J, Jacoby A, Baker GA, Marson AG Self-reported and parent-reported quality of life of children and adolescents with new-onset epilepsy. Epilepsia 2011, 52:1489-1498.
71. Dunn DW, Johnson CS, Perkins SM, et al. Academic problems in children with seizures: relationships with neuropsychological functioning and family variables during the 3 years after onset. Epilepsy Behav 2010, 19:455-461.
72. Kokkonen J, Kokkonen ER, Saukkonen AL, Pennanen P Psychosocial outcome of young adults with epilepsy in childhood. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1997, 62:265-268.
73. Fastenau PS, Shen J, Dunn DW, Perkins SM, Hermann BP, Austin JK Neuropsychological predictors of academic underachievement in pediatric epilepsy: moderating roles of demographic, seizure, and psychosocial variables. Epilepsia 2004, 45:1261-1272.
74. Sturniolo MG, Galletti F Idiopathic epilepsy and school achievement. Arch Dis Child 1994, 70:424-428.
75. Smeets VM, van Lierop BA, Vanhoutvin JP, Aldenkamp AP, Nijhuis FJ Epilepsy and employment: literature review. Epilepsy Behav 2007, 10:354-362.
76. Starfield B, Weiner J, Mumford L, Steinwachs D Ambulatory care groups: a categorization of diagnoses for research and management. Health Serv Res 1991, 26:53-74.
77. Wolff JL, Starfield B, Anderson G Prevalence, expenditures, and complications of multiple chronic conditions in the elderly. Arch Intern Med 2002, 162:2269-2276.
78. Ivanova JI, Birnbaum HG, Kidolezi Y, Qiu Y, Mallett D, Caleo S Economic burden of epilepsy among the privately insured in the US. Pharmacoeconomics 2010, 28:675-685.
79. Lee WC, Arcona S, Thomas SK, Wang Q, Hoffmann MS, Pashos CL Effect of comorbidities on medical care use and cost among refractory patients with partial seizure disorder. Epilepsy Behav 2005, 7:123-126.
80. Copeland LA, Ettinger AB, Zeber JE, Gonzalez JM, Pugh MJ Psychiatric and medical admissions observed among elderly patients with new-onset epilepsy. BMC Health Serv Res 2011, 11:84.
81. Jetté N, Wiebe S Mortality in epilepsy. Atlas of epilepsies 2010, 1353-1357. Springer-Verlag London Limited, London. C.P. Panayiotopoulos (Ed.).
82. Nevalainen O, Ansakorpi H, Simola M, et al. Epilepsy-related clinical characteristics and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurology 2014, 83:1968-1977.
83. Moshé SL, Perucca E, Ryvlin P, Tomson T Epilepsy: new advances. Lancet 2015, 385:884-898.
84. Téllez-Zenteno JF, Ronquillo LH, Wiebe S Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy: evidence-based analysis of incidence and risk factors. Epilepsy Res 2005, 65:101-115.
85. Surges R, Sander JW Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy: mechanisms, prevalence, and prevention. Curr Opin Neurol 2012, 25:201-207.
86. Nevalainen O, Raitanen J, Ansakorpi H, Artama M, Isojärvi J, Auvinen A Long-term mortality risk by cause of death in newly diagnosed patients with epilepsy in Finland: a nationwide register-based study. Eur J Epidemiol 2013, 28:981-990.
87. Forsgren L, Hauser WA, Olafsson E, Sander JW, Sillanpää M, Tomson T Mortality of epilepsy in developed countries: a review. Epilepsia 2005, 46(suppl 11):18-27.
88. Loiseau J, Picot MC, Loiseau P Short-term mortality after a first epileptic seizure: a population-based study. Epilepsia 1999, 40:1388-1392.
89. Neligan A, Bell GS, Johnson AL, Goodridge DM, Shorvon SD, Sander JW The long-term risk of premature mortality in people with epilepsy. Brain 2011, 134:388-395.
90. Fazel S, Wolf A, Långström N, Newton CR, Lichtenstein P Premature mortality in epilepsy and the role of psychiatric comorbidity: a total population study. Lancet 2013, 382:1646-1654.
91. Engel J Report of the ILAE classification core group. Epilepsia 2006, 47:1558-1568.
92. Fisher RS, van Emde Boas W, Blume W, et al. Epileptic seizures and epilepsy: definitions proposed by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) and the International Bureau for Epilepsy (IBE). Epilepsia 2005, 46:470-472.
93. Fisher RS Commentary: operational definition of epilepsy survey. Epilepsia 2014, 55:1688.
94. Berg AT Epilepsy, cognition, and behavior: The clinical picture. Epilepsia 2011, 52(suppl 1):7-12.
95. Epilepsy across the spectrum: promoting health and understanding 2012, Institute of Medicine, The National Academies Press, Washington, DC.
96. Campeau PM, Hennekam RC DOORS syndrome: phenotype, genotype and comparison with Coffin-Siris syndrome. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 2014, 166C:327-332. the DOORS syndrome collaborative group.
97. Kasperavičiūte˙ D, Catarino CB, Chinthapalli K, et al. Uncovering genomic causes of co-morbidity in epilepsy: gene-driven phenotypic characterization of rare microdeletions. PLoS One 2011, 6:e23182.