메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 13, Issue 4, 2016, Pages

The Vast and Varied Global Burden of Norovirus: Prospects for Prevention and Control

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DIARRHEA; ECONOMIC ASPECT; ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT; FOOD POISONING; GASTROENTERITIS; GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY; GENETIC VARIABILITY; HOST PATHOGEN INTERACTION; HUMAN; KNOWLEDGE; NOROVIRUS INFECTION; PUBLIC HEALTH; REAL TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; REVIEW; VACCINATION; VIRUS LOAD; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION; ADULT; AGE; CALICIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; CHILD; DRUG DEVELOPMENT; FOODBORNE DISEASES; GENETICS; GLOBAL HEALTH; IMMUNOLOGY; INCIDENCE; NOROVIRUS; PATHOGENICITY; PREDICTIVE VALUE; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PREVALENCE; PREVENTIVE HEALTH SERVICE; RISK FACTOR; TRANSMISSION; VIROLOGY;

EID: 84964725770     PISSN: 15491277     EISSN: 15491676     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001999     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (331)

References (44)
  • 1
    • 84920703518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013
    • 25530442, .;():–.; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4340604
    • GBD 2013 Mrtality and Causes of Death CollaboratorsGlobal, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2015;385(9963):117–71. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-225530442; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4340604.
    • (2015) Lancet , vol.385 , Issue.9963 , pp. 117-171
  • 2
    • 84941178180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2000–13, with projections to inform post-2015 priorities: an updated systematic analysis
    • 25280870, ..;():–
    • Liu L, Oza S, Hogan D, Perin J, Rudan I, Lawn JE, et al. Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2000–13, with projections to inform post-2015 priorities: an updated systematic analysis. Lancet. 2015;385(9966):430–40. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61698-625280870.
    • (2015) Lancet , vol.385 , Issue.9966 , pp. 430-440
    • Liu, L.1    Oza, S.2    Hogan, D.3    Perin, J.4    Rudan, I.5    Lawn, J.E.6
  • 3
    • 84964782348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global Health Data Exchange: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; 2013
    • Global Health Data Exchange: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; 2013. http://vizhub.healthdata.org/irank/arrow.php.
  • 5
    • 84953754811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aetiology-Specific Estimates of the Global and Regional Incidence and Mortality of Diarrhoeal Diseases Commonly Transmitted through Food
    • 26632843, ..;():.; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4668836
    • Pires SM, Fischer-Walker CL, Lanata CF, Devleesschauwer B, Hall AJ, Kirk MD, et al. Aetiology-Specific Estimates of the Global and Regional Incidence and Mortality of Diarrhoeal Diseases Commonly Transmitted through Food. PLoS ONE. 2015;10(12):e0142927. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.014292726632843; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4668836.
    • (2015) PLoS ONE , vol.10 , Issue.12 , pp. e0142927
    • Pires, S.M.1    Fischer-Walker, C.L.2    Lanata, C.F.3    Devleesschauwer, B.4    Hall, A.J.5    Kirk, M.D.6
  • 6
    • 84950153336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogen-specific burdens of community diarrhoea in developing countries: a multisite birth cohort study (MAL-ED)
    • 26202075, ..;():–
    • Platts-Mills JA, Babji S, Bodhidatta L, Gratz J, Haque R, Havt A, et al. Pathogen-specific burdens of community diarrhoea in developing countries: a multisite birth cohort study (MAL-ED). The Lancet Global health. 2015;3(9):e564–75. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(15)00151-526202075.
    • (2015) The Lancet Global health , vol.3 , Issue.9 , pp. 75-564
    • Platts-Mills, J.A.1    Babji, S.2    Bodhidatta, L.3    Gratz, J.4    Haque, R.5    Havt, A.6
  • 7
    • 84901373405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predominance of norovirus and sapovirus in Nicaragua after implementation of universal rotavirus vaccination
    • 24849288, .;():.; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4029982
    • Bucardo F, Reyes Y, Svensson L, Nordgren J, Predominance of norovirus and sapovirus in Nicaragua after implementation of universal rotavirus vaccination. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(5):e98201. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.009820124849288; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4029982.
    • (2014) PLoS ONE , vol.9 , Issue.5 , pp. e98201
    • Bucardo, F.1    Reyes, Y.2    Svensson, L.3    Nordgren, J.4
  • 8
    • 84875188927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Norovirus and medically attended gastroenteritis in U.S. children
    • 23514289, ..;():–.; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4618551
    • Payne DC, Vinje J, Szilagyi PG, Edwards KM, Staat MA, Weinberg GA, et al. Norovirus and medically attended gastroenteritis in U.S. children. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(12):1121–30. doi: 10.1056/NEJMsa120658923514289; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4618551.
    • (2013) N Engl J Med , vol.368 , Issue.12 , pp. 1121-1130
    • Payne, D.C.1    Vinje, J.2    Szilagyi, P.G.3    Edwards, K.M.4    Staat, M.A.5    Weinberg, G.A.6
  • 9
    • 84904734421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global prevalence of norovirus in cases of gastroenteritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • 24981041, ..;():–
    • Ahmed SM, Hall AJ, Robinson AE, Verhoef L, Premkumar P, Parashar UD, et al. Global prevalence of norovirus in cases of gastroenteritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2014;14(8):725–30. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70767-424981041.
    • (2014) Lancet Infect Dis , vol.14 , Issue.8 , pp. 725-730
    • Ahmed, S.M.1    Hall, A.J.2    Robinson, A.E.3    Verhoef, L.4    Premkumar, P.5    Parashar, U.D.6
  • 10
    • 84953286299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Health Organization Estimates of the Global and Regional Disease Burden of 22 Foodborne Bacterial, Protozoal, and Viral Diseases, 2010: A Data Synthesis
    • 26633831, ..;():.; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4668831
    • Kirk MD, Pires SM, Black RE, Caipo M, Crump JA, Devleesschauwer B, et al. World Health Organization Estimates of the Global and Regional Disease Burden of 22 Foodborne Bacterial, Protozoal, and Viral Diseases, 2010: A Data Synthesis. PLoS Med. 2015;12(12):e1001921. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.100192126633831; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4668831.
    • (2015) PLoS Med , vol.12 , Issue.12 , pp. e1001921
    • Kirk, M.D.1    Pires, S.M.2    Black, R.E.3    Caipo, M.4    Crump, J.A.5    Devleesschauwer, B.6
  • 11
    • 84909978282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enteric bacteria promote human and mouse norovirus infection of B cells
    • 25378626, ..;():–.; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4401463
    • Jones MK, Watanabe M, Zhu S, Graves CL, Keyes LR, Grau KR, et al. Enteric bacteria promote human and mouse norovirus infection of B cells. Science. 2014;346(6210):755–9. doi: 10.1126/science.125714725378626; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4401463.
    • (2014) Science , vol.346 , Issue.6210 , pp. 755-759
    • Jones, M.K.1    Watanabe, M.2    Zhu, S.3    Graves, C.L.4    Keyes, L.R.5    Grau, K.R.6
  • 12
    • 84922481409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Commensal microbes and interferon-lambda determine persistence of enteric murine norovirus infection
    • 25431490, ..;():–.; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4409937
    • Baldridge MT, Nice TJ, McCune BT, Yokoyama CC, Kambal A, Wheadon M, et al. Commensal microbes and interferon-lambda determine persistence of enteric murine norovirus infection. Science. 2015;347(6219):266–9. doi: 10.1126/science.125802525431490; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4409937.
    • (2015) Science , vol.347 , Issue.6219 , pp. 266-269
    • Baldridge, M.T.1    Nice, T.J.2    McCune, B.T.3    Yokoyama, C.C.4    Kambal, A.5    Wheadon, M.6
  • 13
    • 84905902581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coinfection. Virus-helminth coinfection reveals a microbiota-independent mechanism of immunomodulation
    • 25082704, ..;():–.; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4548887
    • Osborne LC, Monticelli LA, Nice TJ, Sutherland TE, Siracusa MC, Hepworth MR, et al. Coinfection. Virus-helminth coinfection reveals a microbiota-independent mechanism of immunomodulation. Science. 2014;345(6196):578–82. doi: 10.1126/science.125694225082704; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4548887.
    • (2014) Science , vol.345 , Issue.6196 , pp. 578-582
    • Osborne, L.C.1    Monticelli, L.A.2    Nice, T.J.3    Sutherland, T.E.4    Siracusa, M.C.5    Hepworth, M.R.6
  • 14
    • 83155182848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Norovirus vaccine against experimental human Norwalk Virus illness
    • 22150036, ..;():–. Epub 2011/12/14
    • Atmar RL, Bernstein DI, Harro CD, Al-Ibrahim MS, Chen WH, Ferreira J, et al. Norovirus vaccine against experimental human Norwalk Virus illness. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(23):2178–87. Epub 2011/12/14. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa110124522150036.
    • (2011) N Engl J Med , vol.365 , Issue.23 , pp. 2178-2187
    • Atmar, R.L.1    Bernstein, D.I.2    Harro, C.D.3    Al-Ibrahim, M.S.4    Chen, W.H.5    Ferreira, J.6
  • 15
    • 84924352540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Norovirus vaccine against experimental human GII.4 virus illness: a challenge study in healthy adults
    • 25210140, ..;():–
    • Bernstein DI, Atmar RL, Lyon GM, Treanor JJ, Chen WH, Jiang X, et al. Norovirus vaccine against experimental human GII.4 virus illness: a challenge study in healthy adults. J Infect Dis. 2015;211(6):870–8. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiu49725210140.
    • (2015) J Infect Dis , vol.211 , Issue.6 , pp. 870-878
    • Bernstein, D.I.1    Atmar, R.L.2    Lyon, G.M.3    Treanor, J.J.4    Chen, W.H.5    Jiang, X.6
  • 16
    • 84964777959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global Economic Burden of Norovirus Gastroenteritis
    • .;():
    • Bartsch SM, Lopman BA, Ozawa S, Hall AJ, Lee BY, Global Economic Burden of Norovirus Gastroenteritis. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(4):e0151219. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151219
    • (2016) PLoS ONE , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. e0151219
    • Bartsch, S.M.1    Lopman, B.A.2    Ozawa, S.3    Hall, A.J.4    Lee, B.Y.5
  • 17
    • 84964777960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Norovirus Epidemiology in Africa: A Review
    • .;():
    • Mans J, Armah GE, Steele AD, Taylor MB, Norovirus Epidemiology in Africa: A Review. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(4):e0146280. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146280
    • (2016) PLoS ONE , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. e0146280
    • Mans, J.1    Armah, G.E.2    Steele, A.D.3    Taylor, M.B.4
  • 18
    • 84964704950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population-Based Incidence Rates of Diarrheal Disease Associated with Norovirus, Sapovirus, and Astrovirus in Kenya
    • ..;():
    • Shioda K, Cosmas L, Audi A, Gregoricus N, Vinjé J, Parashar UD, et al. Population-Based Incidence Rates of Diarrheal Disease Associated with Norovirus, Sapovirus, and Astrovirus in Kenya. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(4):e0145943. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145943
    • (2016) PLoS ONE , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. e0145943
    • Shioda, K.1    Cosmas, L.2    Audi, A.3    Gregoricus, N.4    Vinjé, J.5    Parashar, U.D.6
  • 19
    • 84964777956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of Norovirus and Other Viral Pathogens That Cause Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE) among Kaiser Permanente Member Populations in the United States, 2012–2013
    • ..;():
    • Grytdal SP, DeBess E, Lee LE, Blythe D, Ryan P, Biggs C, et al. Incidence of Norovirus and Other Viral Pathogens That Cause Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE) among Kaiser Permanente Member Populations in the United States, 2012–2013. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(4):e0148395. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148395
    • (2016) PLoS ONE , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. e0148395
    • Grytdal, S.P.1    DeBess, E.2    Lee, L.E.3    Blythe, D.4    Ryan, P.5    Biggs, C.6
  • 20
    • 84964777964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of Norovirus-Associated Medical Encounters among Active Duty United States Military Personnel and Their Dependents
    • .;():
    • Rha B, Lopman BA, Alcala AN, Riddle MS, Porter CK, Incidence of Norovirus-Associated Medical Encounters among Active Duty United States Military Personnel and Their Dependents. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(4):e0148505. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148505
    • (2016) PLoS ONE , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. e0148505
    • Rha, B.1    Lopman, B.A.2    Alcala, A.N.3    Riddle, M.S.4    Porter, C.K.5
  • 21
    • 77952301461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community incidence of norovirus-associated infectious intestinal disease in England: improved estimates using viral load for norovirus diagnosis
    • 20360244, ..;():–. Epub 2010/04/03
    • Phillips G, Tam CC, Conti S, Rodrigues LC, Brown D, Iturriza-Gomara M, et al. Community incidence of norovirus-associated infectious intestinal disease in England: improved estimates using viral load for norovirus diagnosis. Am J Epidemiol. 2010;171(9):1014–22. Epub 2010/04/03. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwq02120360244.
    • (2010) Am J Epidemiol , vol.171 , Issue.9 , pp. 1014-1022
    • Phillips, G.1    Tam, C.C.2    Conti, S.3    Rodrigues, L.C.4    Brown, D.5    Iturriza-Gomara, M.6
  • 22
    • 84876912441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The estimated disease burden of norovirus in The Netherlands
    • 22595489, ..;():–. Epub 2012/05/19
    • Verhoef L, Koopmans M, VANP W, Duizer E, Haagsma J, Werber D, et al. The estimated disease burden of norovirus in The Netherlands. Epidemiol Infect. 2013;141(3):496–506. Epub 2012/05/19. doi: 10.1017/S095026881200079922595489.
    • (2013) Epidemiol Infect , vol.141 , Issue.3 , pp. 496-506
    • Verhoef, L.1    Koopmans, M.2    Vanp, W.3    Duizer, E.4    Haagsma, J.5    Werber, D.6
  • 23
    • 83555177370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal study of infectious intestinal disease in the UK (IID2 study): incidence in the community and presenting to general practice
    • 21708822, ..;():–.; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3230829
    • Tam CC, Rodrigues LC, Viviani L, Dodds JP, Evans MR, Hunter PR, et al. Longitudinal study of infectious intestinal disease in the UK (IID2 study): incidence in the community and presenting to general practice. Gut. 2012;61(1):69–77. doi: 10.1136/gut.2011.23838621708822; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3230829.
    • (2012) Gut , vol.61 , Issue.1 , pp. 69-77
    • Tam, C.C.1    Rodrigues, L.C.2    Viviani, L.3    Dodds, J.P.4    Evans, M.R.5    Hunter, P.R.6
  • 24
    • 84880732272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Norovirus disease in the United States
    • 23876403, ..;():–.; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3739528
    • Hall AJ, Lopman BA, Payne DC, Patel MM, Gastanaduy PA, Vinje J, et al. Norovirus disease in the United States. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(8):1198–205. doi: 10.3201/eid1908.13046523876403; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3739528.
    • (2013) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.19 , Issue.8 , pp. 1198-1205
    • Hall, A.J.1    Lopman, B.A.2    Payne, D.C.3    Patel, M.M.4    Gastanaduy, P.A.5    Vinje, J.6
  • 25
    • 84964723564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early Detection of Epidemic GII-4 Norovirus Strains in UK and Malawi: Role of Surveillance of Sporadic Acute Gastroenteritis in Anticipating Global Epidemics
    • .;():
    • Allen DJ, Trainor E, Callaghan A, O'Brien SJ, Cunliffe NA, Iturriza-Gómara M, Early Detection of Epidemic GII-4 Norovirus Strains in UK and Malawi: Role of Surveillance of Sporadic Acute Gastroenteritis in Anticipating Global Epidemics. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(4):e0146972. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146972
    • (2016) PLoS ONE , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. e0146972
    • Allen, D.J.1    Trainor, E.2    Callaghan, A.3    O'Brien, S.J.4    Cunliffe, N.A.5    Iturriza-Gómara, M.6
  • 26
    • 84964777952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Norovirus Recombinant Strains Isolated from Gastroenteritis Outbreaks in Southern Brazil, 2004–2011
    • .;():
    • Fumian TM, da Silva Ribeiro de Andrade J, Leite JPG, Miagostovich MP, Norovirus Recombinant Strains Isolated from Gastroenteritis Outbreaks in Southern Brazil, 2004–2011. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(4):e0145391. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145391
    • (2016) PLoS ONE , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. e0145391
    • Fumian, T.M.1    da Silva Ribeiro de Andrade, J.2    Leite, J.P.G.3    Miagostovich, M.P.4
  • 27
    • 84964751833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Multi-Site Study of Norovirus Molecular Epidemiology in Australia and New Zealand, 2013–2014
    • ..;():
    • Lim KL, Hewitt J, Sitabkhan A, Eden J- S, Lun J, Levy A, et al. A Multi-Site Study of Norovirus Molecular Epidemiology in Australia and New Zealand, 2013–2014. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(4):e0145254. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145254
    • (2016) PLoS ONE , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. e0145254
    • Lim, K.L.1    Hewitt, J.2    Sitabkhan, A.3    Eden J-, S.4    Lun, J.5    Levy, A.6
  • 28
    • 84964717515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vomiting as a Symptom and Transmission Risk in Norovirus Illness: Evidence from Human Challenge Studies
    • .;():
    • Kirby AE, Streby A, Moe CL, Vomiting as a Symptom and Transmission Risk in Norovirus Illness: Evidence from Human Challenge Studies. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(4):e0143759. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143759
    • (2016) PLoS ONE , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. e0143759
    • Kirby, A.E.1    Streby, A.2    Moe, C.L.3
  • 29
    • 84964728292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlates of Protection against Norovirus Infection and Disease—Where Are We Now, Where Do We Go?
    • .():
    • Ramani S, Estes MK, Atmar RL, Correlates of Protection against Norovirus Infection and Disease—Where Are We Now, Where Do We Go?PLoS Pathog. 12(4): e1005334. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005334
    • PLoS Pathog , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. e1005334
    • Ramani, S.1    Estes, M.K.2    Atmar, R.L.3
  • 30
    • 84964723596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innate Resistance and Susceptibility to Norovirus Infection
    • .():
    • Nordgren J, Sharma S, Kambhampati A, Lopman BA, Svensson L, Innate Resistance and Susceptibility to Norovirus Infection. PLoS Pathog. 12(4): e1005385. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005385
    • PLoS Pathog , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. e1005385
    • Nordgren, J.1    Sharma, S.2    Kambhampati, A.3    Lopman, B.A.4    Svensson, L.5
  • 31
    • 84880508179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burden and aetiology of diarrhoeal disease in infants and young children in developing countries (the Global Enteric Multicenter Study, GEMS): a prospective, case-control study
    • 23680352, ..;():–
    • Kotloff KL, Nataro JP, Blackwelder WC, Nasrin D, Farag TH, Panchalingam S, et al. Burden and aetiology of diarrhoeal disease in infants and young children in developing countries (the Global Enteric Multicenter Study, GEMS): a prospective, case-control study. Lancet. 2013;382(9888):209–22. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60844-223680352.
    • (2013) Lancet , vol.382 , Issue.9888 , pp. 209-222
    • Kotloff, K.L.1    Nataro, J.P.2    Blackwelder, W.C.3    Nasrin, D.4    Farag, T.H.5    Panchalingam, S.6
  • 32
    • 84893228832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiologic implications of asymptomatic reinfection: a mathematical modeling study of norovirus
    • 24305574, .;():–
    • Lopman B, Simmons K, Gambhir M, Vinje J, Parashar U, Epidemiologic implications of asymptomatic reinfection: a mathematical modeling study of norovirus. Am J Epidemiol. 2014;179(4):507–12. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwt28724305574.
    • (2014) Am J Epidemiol , vol.179 , Issue.4 , pp. 507-512
    • Lopman, B.1    Simmons, K.2    Gambhir, M.3    Vinje, J.4    Parashar, U.5
  • 33
    • 84913590425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods of analysis of enteropathogen infection in the MAL-ED Cohort Study
    • 25305292, ..;:–.; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4204610
    • Platts-Mills JA, McCormick BJ, Kosek M, Pan WK, Checkley W, Houpt ER, et al. Methods of analysis of enteropathogen infection in the MAL-ED Cohort Study. Clin Infect Dis. 2014;59Suppl 4:S233–8. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu40825305292; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4204610.
    • (2014) Clin Infect Dis , vol.59 , pp. 8-233
    • Platts-Mills, J.A.1    McCormick, B.J.2    Kosek, M.3    Pan, W.K.4    Checkley, W.5    Houpt, E.R.6
  • 34
    • 84923053367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances in laboratory methods for detection and typing of norovirus
    • 24989606, .;():–.; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4298492
    • Vinje J, Advances in laboratory methods for detection and typing of norovirus. J Clin Microbiol. 2015;53(2):373–81. doi: 10.1128/JCM.01535-1424989606; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4298492.
    • (2015) J Clin Microbiol , vol.53 , Issue.2 , pp. 373-381
    • Vinje, J.1
  • 35
    • 35348832933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epochal evolution of GGII.4 norovirus capsid proteins from 1995 to 2006
    • 17609280, ..;():–.; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2045401
    • Siebenga JJ, Vennema H, Renckens B, de Bruin E, van der Veer B, Siezen RJ, et al. Epochal evolution of GGII.4 norovirus capsid proteins from 1995 to 2006. J Virol. 2007;81(18):9932–41. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00674-0717609280; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2045401.
    • (2007) J Virol , vol.81 , Issue.18 , pp. 9932-9941
    • Siebenga, J.J.1    Vennema, H.2    Renckens, B.3    de Bruin, E.4    van der Veer, B.5    Siezen, R.J.6
  • 36
    • 84872863060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular epidemiology of noroviruses associated with acute sporadic gastroenteritis in children: global distribution of genogroups, genotypes and GII.4 variants
    • 23218993, .;():–
    • Hoa Tran TN, Trainor E, Nakagomi T, Cunliffe NA, Nakagomi O, Molecular epidemiology of noroviruses associated with acute sporadic gastroenteritis in children: global distribution of genogroups, genotypes and GII.4 variants. J Clin Virol. 2013;56(3):185–93. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2012.11.01123218993.
    • (2013) J Clin Virol , vol.56 , Issue.3 , pp. 185-193
    • Hoa Tran, T.N.1    Trainor, E.2    Nakagomi, T.3    Cunliffe, N.A.4    Nakagomi, O.5
  • 37
    • 84864137615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe outcomes are associated with genogroup 2 genotype 4 norovirus outbreaks: a systematic literature review
    • 22491335, ..;():–.; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3491774
    • Desai R, Hembree CD, Handel A, Matthews JE, Dickey BW, McDonald S, et al. Severe outcomes are associated with genogroup 2 genotype 4 norovirus outbreaks: a systematic literature review. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;55(2):189–93. doi: 10.1093/cid/cis37222491335; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3491774.
    • (2012) Clin Infect Dis , vol.55 , Issue.2 , pp. 189-193
    • Desai, R.1    Hembree, C.D.2    Handel, A.3    Matthews, J.E.4    Dickey, B.W.5    McDonald, S.6
  • 39
    • 0021178882 scopus 로고
    • Serological responses among teenagers after natural exposure to Norwalk virus
    • .;():–
    • Baron RC, Greenberg HB, Cukor G, Blacklow NR, Serological responses among teenagers after natural exposure to Norwalk virus. JInfectDis. 1984;150(4):531–4.
    • (1984) JInfectDis , vol.150 , Issue.4 , pp. 531-534
    • Baron, R.C.1    Greenberg, H.B.2    Cukor, G.3    Blacklow, N.R.4
  • 40
    • 0025177267 scopus 로고
    • Multiple-challenge study of host susceptibility to Norwalk gastroenteritis in US adults
    • 2153184, .;():–
    • Johnson PC, Mathewson JJ, DuPont HL, Greenberg HB, Multiple-challenge study of host susceptibility to Norwalk gastroenteritis in US adults. J Infect Dis. 1990;161(1):18–21. 2153184.
    • (1990) J Infect Dis , vol.161 , Issue.1 , pp. 18-21
    • Johnson, P.C.1    Mathewson, J.J.2    DuPont, H.L.3    Greenberg, H.B.4
  • 41
    • 0017738388 scopus 로고
    • Clinical immunity in acute gastroenteritis caused by Norwalk agent
    • 405590, .;():–
    • Parrino TA, Schreiber DS, Trier JS, Kapikian AZ, Blacklow NR, Clinical immunity in acute gastroenteritis caused by Norwalk agent. N Engl J Med. 1977;297(2):86–9. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197707142970204405590.
    • (1977) N Engl J Med , vol.297 , Issue.2 , pp. 86-89
    • Parrino, T.A.1    Schreiber, D.S.2    Trier, J.S.3    Kapikian, A.Z.4    Blacklow, N.R.5
  • 42
    • 0016158962 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of three agents of acute infectious nonbacterial gastroenteritis by cross-challenge in volunteers
    • 4209723, ..;():–. Epub 1974/06/01
    • Wyatt RG, Dolin R, Blacklow NR, DuPont HL, Buscho RF, Thornhill TS, et al. Comparison of three agents of acute infectious nonbacterial gastroenteritis by cross-challenge in volunteers. J Infect Dis. 1974;129(6):709–14. Epub 1974/06/01. 4209723.
    • (1974) J Infect Dis , vol.129 , Issue.6 , pp. 709-714
    • Wyatt, R.G.1    Dolin, R.2    Blacklow, N.R.3    DuPont, H.L.4    Buscho, R.F.5    Thornhill, T.S.6
  • 43
    • 84939559868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serological Correlates of Protection against a GII.4 Norovirus
    • 26041041, ..;():–.; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4519714
    • Atmar RL, Bernstein DI, Lyon GM, Treanor JJ, Al-Ibrahim MS, Graham DY, et al. Serological Correlates of Protection against a GII.4 Norovirus. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2015;22(8):923–9. doi: 10.1128/CVI.00196-1526041041; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4519714.
    • (2015) Clin Vaccine Immunol , vol.22 , Issue.8 , pp. 923-929
    • Atmar, R.L.1    Bernstein, D.I.2    Lyon, G.M.3    Treanor, J.J.4    Al-Ibrahim, M.S.5    Graham, D.Y.6
  • 44
    • 0344306443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for norovirus, Sapporo-like virus, and group A rotavirus gastroenteritis
    • 14720397, .;():–.; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3034344
    • de Wit MA, Koopmans MP, van Duynhoven YT, Risk factors for norovirus, Sapporo-like virus, and group A rotavirus gastroenteritis. Emerg Infect Dis. 2003;9(12):1563–70. doi: 10.3201/eid0912.02007614720397; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3034344.
    • (2003) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.9 , Issue.12 , pp. 1563-1570
    • de Wit, M.A.1    Koopmans, M.P.2    van Duynhoven, Y.T.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.