메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 412-434

Tweet, Click, Vote: Twitter and the 2010 Ottawa Municipal Election

Author keywords

Canada; e campaigning; municipal elections; political communication; social media; Twitter

Indexed keywords


EID: 84961290029     PISSN: 19331681     EISSN: 1933169X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/19331681.2014.935840     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (43)

References (78)
  • 1
    • 84887112393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dialogue and transparency: A content analysis of how the 2012 presidential candidates used twitter
    • Adams, A., & McCorkindale, T. (2013). Dialogue and transparency: A content analysis of how the 2012 presidential candidates used twitter. Public Relations Review, 39, 357–359.
    • (2013) Public Relations Review , vol.39 , pp. 357-359
    • Adams, A.1    McCorkindale, T.2
  • 2
    • 84875358065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gatekeeping Twitter: Message diffusion in political hashtags
    • Bastos, M. T., Raimundo, R. L. G., & Travitzki, R. (2013). Gatekeeping Twitter: Message diffusion in political hashtags. Media, Culture & Society, 35(2), 260–270.
    • (2013) Media, Culture & Society , vol.35 , Issue.2 , pp. 260-270
    • Bastos, M.T.1    Raimundo, R.L.G.2    Travitzki, R.3
  • 3
    • 80053079129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of the Internet by political parties and candidates in Scotland during the 2010 UK general election campaign
    • Baxter, G., Marcella, R., & Varfis, E. (2011). The use of the Internet by political parties and candidates in Scotland during the 2010 UK general election campaign. Aslib Proceedings: New Information Perspectives, 63(5), 464–483.
    • (2011) Aslib Proceedings: New Information Perspectives , vol.63 , Issue.5 , pp. 464-483
    • Baxter, G.1    Marcella, R.2    Varfis, E.3
  • 4
    • 84900465676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revisiting impartiality: Social media and journalism at the BBC
    • Bélair-Gagnon, V. (2013). Revisiting impartiality: Social media and journalism at the BBC. Symbolic Interaction, 36(4), 478–492
    • (2013) Symbolic Interaction , vol.36 , Issue.4 , pp. 478-492
    • Bélair-Gagnon, V.1
  • 5
    • 0032340533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ithiel De Sola pool lecture: The uncivic culture: Communication, identity, and the rise of lifestyle politics
    • Bennett, W. L. (1998). Ithiel De Sola pool lecture: The uncivic culture: Communication, identity, and the rise of lifestyle politics. Political Science and Politics, 31(4), 740–761.
    • (1998) Political Science and Politics , vol.31 , Issue.4 , pp. 740-761
    • Bennett, W.L.1
  • 7
    • 84961355614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tweet, tweet, retweet: Conversational aspects of retweeting on Twitter. Presented at the 43rd Hawaii International Conference on System
    • boyd, d., Golder, S., & Lotan, G. (2011). Tweet, tweet, retweet: Conversational aspects of retweeting on Twitter. Presented at the 43rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Honolulu, HI.
    • (2011) Sciences, Honolulu, HI
    • boyd, D.1    Golder, S.2    Lotan, G.3
  • 8
    • 84986304316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social media as beat: tweets as a news source during the 2010 British and Dutch elections
    • Broersma, M., & Graham, T. (2012). Social media as beat: tweets as a news source during the 2010 British and Dutch elections. Journalism Practice, 6(2), 403–419.
    • (2012) Journalism Practice , vol.6 , Issue.2 , pp. 403-419
    • Broersma, M.1    Graham, T.2
  • 9
    • 84868087720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • #ausvotes: How Twitter covered the 2010 Australian federal election
    • Bruns, A., & Burgess, J. (2011). #ausvotes: How Twitter covered the 2010 Australian federal election. Communication, Politics & Culture, 44(2), 37–56.
    • (2011) Communication, Politics & Culture , vol.44 , Issue.2 , pp. 37-56
    • Bruns, A.1    Burgess, J.2
  • 10
    • 84887507575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is social media changing how we understand political engagement? An analysis of Facebook and the 2008 presidential election
    • Carlisle, J. E., & Patton, R. C. (2013). Is social media changing how we understand political engagement? An analysis of Facebook and the 2008 presidential election. Political Research Quarterly, 66(4), 883–895.
    • (2013) Political Research Quarterly , vol.66 , Issue.4 , pp. 883-895
    • Carlisle, J.E.1    Patton, R.C.2
  • 11
    • 84894238224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Every tweet counts? How sentiment analysis of social media can improve our knowledge of citizens’ political preferences with an application to Italy and France
    • Ceron, A., Curini, L., Iacus, S. M., & Porro, G. (2014). Every tweet counts? How sentiment analysis of social media can improve our knowledge of citizens’ political preferences with an application to Italy and France. New Media & Society, 16(2), 340–358
    • (2014) New Media & Society , vol.16 , Issue.2 , pp. 340-358
    • Ceron, A.1    Curini, L.2    Iacus, S.M.3    Porro, G.4
  • 12
    • 80052138393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adoption and use of digital media in election campaigns: Australia, Canada and New Zealand compared
    • Chen, P. J. (2010). Adoption and use of digital media in election campaigns: Australia, Canada and New Zealand compared. Public Communication Review, 1(1), 3–26.
    • (2010) Public Communication Review , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-26
    • Chen, P.J.1
  • 13
    • 84885101337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twitter use by presidential primary candidates during the 2012 campaign
    • Conway, B. A., Kenski, K., & Wang, D. (2013). Twitter use by presidential primary candidates during the 2012 campaign. American Behavioral Scientist, 57(11), 1596–1610.
    • (2013) American Behavioral Scientist , vol.57 , Issue.11 , pp. 1596-1610
    • Conway, B.A.1    Kenski, K.2    Wang, D.3
  • 14
    • 84883085251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social media for political campaigning: The use of Twitter by Spanish mayors in 2011 local elections
    • Reddick C. G., Aikins S. K., (eds), In, Eds., pp., New York, NY: Springer
    • Criado, J. I., Martínez-Fuentes, G., & Silvan, A. (2012). Social media for political campaigning: The use of Twitter by Spanish mayors in 2011 local elections. In C. G. Reddick & S. K. Aikins (Eds.), Web 2.0 technologies and democratic governance (pp. 219–232). New York, NY: Springer.
    • (2012) Web 2.0 technologies and democratic governance , pp. 219-232
    • Criado, J.I.1    Martínez-Fuentes, G.2    Silvan, A.3
  • 15
    • 84926039152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The campaign in the digital media
    • Pammett J., Dornan C., (eds), In, eds., pp., Toronto: Dundurn Press Ltd
    • Francoli, M., Greenberg, J., & Waddell, C. (2011). The campaign in the digital media. In J. Pammett and C. Dornan (eds.), The Canadian federal election of 2011 (pp. 219–246). Toronto: Dundurn Press Ltd.
    • (2011) The Canadian federal election of 2011 , pp. 219-246
    • Francoli, M.1    Greenberg, J.2    Waddell, C.3
  • 16
    • 84925985161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • #Qc2012: L’utilisation de Twitter par les partis
    • Bastien F., Bélanger E., Gélineau F., (eds), In, eds., pp., Montréal, Quebec, Canada: Presses de l’Université de Montréal
    • Giasson, T., Le Bars, G., Bastien, F., & Verville, M. (2013). #Qc2012: L’utilisation de Twitter par les partis. In F. Bastien, E. Bélanger, & F. Gélineau (eds.), Les Québécois aux urnes. Les partis, les médias et les citoyens en campagne (pp. 133–146). Montréal, Quebec, Canada: Presses de l’Université de Montréal.
    • (2013) Les Québécois aux urnes. Les partis, les médias et les citoyens en campagne , pp. 133-146
    • Giasson, T.1    Le Bars, G.2    Bastien, F.3    Verville, M.4
  • 17
    • 84961326117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypercitizens from a distinct society: Characterizing Quebec’s political bloggers’ online and offline political involvement
    • Giasson, T., Raynauld, V., & Darisse, C. (2011). Hypercitizens from a distinct society: Characterizing Quebec’s political bloggers’ online and offline political involvement. International Journal of Interactive Communication Systems and Technologies, 1(2), 29–45.
    • (2011) International Journal of Interactive Communication Systems and Technologies , vol.1 , Issue.2 , pp. 29-45
    • Giasson, T.1    Raynauld, V.2    Darisse, C.3
  • 18
    • 84936176075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Normalising or equalising party competition? Assessing the impact of the web on election campaigning
    • In press
    • Gibson, R. K., & McAllister, I. (In press). Normalising or equalising party competition? Assessing the impact of the web on election campaigning. Political Studies. DOI:10.1111/1467-9248.12107.
    • Political Studies
    • Gibson, R.K.1    McAllister, I.2
  • 20
    • 84878804503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Between broadcasting political messages and interacting with voters: The use of Twitter during the 2010 UK general election campaign
    • Graham, T., Broersma, M., Hazelhoff, K., & Van’t Haar, G. (2013). Between broadcasting political messages and interacting with voters: The use of Twitter during the 2010 UK general election campaign. Information, Communication & Society, 16(5), 692–716.
    • (2013) Information, Communication & Society , vol.16 , Issue.5 , pp. 692-716
    • Graham, T.1    Broersma, M.2    Hazelhoff, K.3    Van’t Haar, G.4
  • 21
    • 78649352586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Digital dialogue? Australian politicians’ use of the social network tool Twitter
    • Grant, W. J., Moon, B., & Busby Grant, J. (2010). Digital dialogue? Australian politicians’ use of the social network tool Twitter. Australian Journal of Political Science, 45, 579–604.
    • (2010) Australian Journal of Political Science , vol.45 , pp. 579-604
    • Grant, W.J.1    Moon, B.2    Busby Grant, J.3
  • 22
    • 80052586093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NPO 2.0? Exploring the Web presence of environmental nonprofit organizations in Canada
    • Greenberg, J., & Macaulay, M. (2009). NPO 2.0? Exploring the Web presence of environmental nonprofit organizations in Canada. Global Media Journal–Canadian Edition, 2(1), 63–88.
    • (2009) Global Media Journal–Canadian Edition , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 63-88
    • Greenberg, J.1    Macaulay, M.2
  • 23
    • 79958012723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using Twitter for promotion and branding: A content analysis of local television Twitter sites
    • Greer, C. F., & Ferguson, D. A. (2011). Using Twitter for promotion and branding: A content analysis of local television Twitter sites. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 55(2), 198–214.
    • (2011) Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media , vol.55 , Issue.2 , pp. 198-214
    • Greer, C.F.1    Ferguson, D.A.2
  • 24
    • 28744456770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The repersonalization of presidential campaigning in 2004
    • Gronbeck, B. E., & Wiese, D. R. (2005). The repersonalization of presidential campaigning in 2004. American Behavioral Scientist, 49 (4), 520–534.
    • (2005) American Behavioral Scientist , vol.49 , Issue.4 , pp. 520-534
    • Gronbeck, B.E.1    Wiese, D.R.2
  • 27
    • 41149149693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The participation divide: Content creation and sharing in the digital age
    • Hargittai, E., & Walejko, G. (2008). The participation divide: Content creation and sharing in the digital age. Information, Community and Society, 11(2), 239–256.
    • (2008) Information, Community and Society , vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp. 239-256
    • Hargittai, E.1    Walejko, G.2
  • 28
    • 84961365552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heston, M., Framing in social media: How the US Congress uses Twitter hashtags to frame political issues. Retrieved from
    • Hemphill, L., Culotta, A., & Heston, M. (2013). Framing in social media: How the US Congress uses Twitter hashtags to frame political issues. Retrieved from http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2317335.
    • (2013)
    • Hemphill, L.1
  • 30
    • 66849106552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Political marketing management and theories of democracy
    • Henneberg, S. C., Scammell, M., & O’Shaughnessy, N. J. (2009). Political marketing management and theories of democracy. Marketing Theory, 9(2), 165–188.
    • (2009) Marketing Theory , vol.9 , Issue.2 , pp. 165-188
    • Henneberg, S.C.1    Scammell, M.2    O’Shaughnessy, N.J.3
  • 31
    • 77950755295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The blogging BBC: Journalism blogs at “the world’s most trusted news organization
    • Hermida, A. (2009). The blogging BBC: Journalism blogs at “the world’s most trusted news organization.” Journalism Practice, 3(3), 268–284.
    • (2009) Journalism Practice , vol.3 , Issue.3 , pp. 268-284
    • Hermida, A.1
  • 32
    • 79952880625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tweeting the news
    • Hermida, A. (2010). Tweeting the news. Journalism Practice, 4 (3), 297–308.
    • (2010) Journalism Practice , vol.4 , Issue.3 , pp. 297-308
    • Hermida, A.1
  • 33
    • 84977108979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • #JOURNALISM: Reconfiguring journalism research about Twitter, one tweet at a time
    • Hermida, A. (2013). #JOURNALISM: Reconfiguring journalism research about Twitter, one tweet at a time. Digital Journalism, 1(3), 295–313.
    • (2013) Digital Journalism , vol.1 , Issue.3 , pp. 295-313
    • Hermida, A.1
  • 34
    • 84873834137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Birds of a feather tweet together: Integrating network and content analyses to examine cross‐ideology exposure on Twitter
    • Himelboim, I., McCreery, S., & Smith, M. (2013). Birds of a feather tweet together: Integrating network and content analyses to examine cross‐ideology exposure on Twitter. Journal of Computer‐Mediated Communication, 18(2), 40–60.
    • (2013) Journal of Computer‐Mediated Communication , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 40-60
    • Himelboim, I.1    McCreery, S.2    Smith, M.3
  • 35
    • 84961296581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ipsos. (2011, July 14). Canada’s love affair with online social networking continues. Retrieved February 11, 2013, from: http://www.ipsos-na.com/news-polls/pressrelease.aspx?id=5286.
    • (2011)
  • 36
    • 84961364486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ipsos Reid (2009, June 11). What’s all that Twitter about—a lot about nothing? Retrieved February 1, 2013, from: http://www.ipsos-na.com/news/pressrelease.cfm?id=4423.
    • (2009)
  • 38
    • 0001996668 scopus 로고
    • Political action: A theoretical perspective
    • Barnes S., Kaase M., (eds), In, Eds., pp., London, UK: Sage
    • Kaase, M., & Marsh, A. (1979). Political action: A theoretical perspective. In S. Barnes & M. Kaase (Eds.), Political action: Mass participation in five western democracies (pp. 27–56). London, UK: Sage.
    • (1979) Political action: Mass participation in five western democracies , pp. 27-56
    • Kaase, M.1    Marsh, A.2
  • 39
    • 79551500567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The contribution of social network sites to exposure to political difference: The relationships among SNSs, online political messaging, and exposure to cross-cutting perspectives
    • Kim, Y. (2011). The contribution of social network sites to exposure to political difference: The relationships among SNSs, online political messaging, and exposure to cross-cutting perspectives. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(2), 971–977.
    • (2011) Computers in Human Behavior , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 971-977
    • Kim, Y.1
  • 40
    • 84863732839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studying political microblogging: Twitter users in the 2010 Swedish election campaign
    • Larsson, A. O., and Moe, H. (2012). Studying political microblogging: Twitter users in the 2010 Swedish election campaign. New Media & Society, 14(5), 729–747.
    • (2012) New Media & Society , vol.14 , Issue.5 , pp. 729-747
    • Larsson, A.O.1    Moe, H.2
  • 42
    • 84961296388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ottawa Municipal Elections. Leger Marketing. Retrieved March 6, 2014, from
    • Leger Marketing. (2010). Ottawa Municipal Elections. Leger Marketing. Retrieved March 6, 2014, from: http://www.leger360.com/admin/upload/publi_pdf/1010221eng.pdf.
    • (2010)
  • 43
    • 84879067513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are you following me? A content analysis of TV networks’ brand communication on Twitter
    • Lin, J. S., & Peña, J. (2011). Are you following me? A content analysis of TV networks’ brand communication on Twitter. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 12(1), 17–29.
    • (2011) Journal of Interactive Advertising , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 17-29
    • Lin, J.S.1    Peña, J.2
  • 44
    • 79961088421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Networking democracy? Social media innovations and participatory politics
    • Loader, B. D., & Mercea, D. (2011). Networking democracy? Social media innovations and participatory politics. Information, Communication & Society, 14(6), 757–769.
    • (2011) Information, Communication & Society , vol.14 , Issue.6 , pp. 757-769
    • Loader, B.D.1    Mercea, D.2
  • 45
    • 84893429025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The networked young citizen: Social media, political participation and civic engagement
    • Loader, B. D., Vromen, A., & Xenos, M. A. (2014). The networked young citizen: Social media, political participation and civic engagement. Information, Communication & Society, 17(2), 143–150.
    • (2014) Information, Communication & Society , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 143-150
    • Loader, B.D.1    Vromen, A.2    Xenos, M.A.3
  • 46
    • 84961358926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A race for second place: The 2011 provincial election in Newfoundland and Labrador
    • Marland, A. (2013). A race for second place: The 2011 provincial election in Newfoundland and Labrador. Canadian Political Science Review, 6(2–3), 287–300.
    • (2013) Canadian Political Science Review , vol.6 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 287-300
    • Marland, A.1
  • 47
    • 84898893385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Campaign management and organization: The use and impact of information and communication technologies
    • Medvic S. K., (ed), In, Ed., pp., New York, NY: Routledge
    • Medvic, S. K. (2011). Campaign management and organization: The use and impact of information and communication technologies. In S. K. Medvic (Ed.), New directions in campaigns and elections (pp. 59–78). New York, NY: Routledge.
    • (2011) New directions in campaigns and elections , pp. 59-78
    • Medvic, S.K.1
  • 51
    • 84961299147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How do you compare? New report reveals stats about social media usage in Canada. The Canadian Press. Retrieved July 20, 2013, from
    • Oliviera, M. (2013). How do you compare? New report reveals stats about social media usage in Canada. The Canadian Press. Retrieved July 20, 2013, from: https://www.mtm-otm.ca/files/Press/New%20report%20revels%20stats%20about%20social%20media%20in%20Canada%20-%20CP%20%20Michael%20Oliviera%20April%2029%202013.pdf.
    • (2013)
    • Oliviera, M.1
  • 52
    • 84898857725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The agenda-building function of political tweets
    • Parmelee, J. H. (2014). The agenda-building function of political tweets. New Media & Society, 16(3), 434–450.
    • (2014) New Media & Society , vol.16 , Issue.3 , pp. 434-450
    • Parmelee, J.H.1
  • 54
    • 84907031078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the potential of new social media
    • Patten, S. (2013). Assessing the potential of new social media. Canadian Parliamentary Review, 36(2), 21–26.
    • (2013) Canadian Parliamentary Review , vol.36 , Issue.2 , pp. 21-26
    • Patten, S.1
  • 55
    • 84876022800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reading the riots on Twitter: Methodological innovation for the analysis of big data
    • Procter, R., Vis, F., & Voss, A. (2013). Reading the riots on Twitter: Methodological innovation for the analysis of big data. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 16(3), 197–214.
    • (2013) International Journal of Social Research Methodology , vol.16 , Issue.3 , pp. 197-214
    • Procter, R.1    Vis, F.2    Voss, A.3
  • 58
    • 84961298059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lightweights? Political participation beyond the ballot box. Retrieved September 3, 2013, from
    • Samara. (2013). Lightweights? Political participation beyond the ballot box. Retrieved September 3, 2013, from: http://www.samaracanada.com/docs/default-document-library/samara_lightweights.pdf.
    • (2013)
  • 59
    • 77957585321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weapon of the strong? Participatory inequality and the Internet
    • Schlozman, K. L., Verba, S., & Brady, H. E. (2010). Weapon of the strong? Participatory inequality and the Internet. Perspectives on Politics, 8(2), 487–509.
    • (2010) Perspectives on Politics , vol.8 , Issue.2 , pp. 487-509
    • Schlozman, K.L.1    Verba, S.2    Brady, H.E.3
  • 60
    • 84155187143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Normalization 2.0: A longitudinal analysis of German online campaigns in the national elections 2002–9
    • Schweitzer, E. J. (2011). Normalization 2.0: A longitudinal analysis of German online campaigns in the national elections 2002–9. European Journal of Communication, 26(4), 310–327.
    • (2011) European Journal of Communication , vol.26 , Issue.4 , pp. 310-327
    • Schweitzer, E.J.1
  • 61
    • 84961329490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Semiocast. (2012, January 31). Brazil becomes 2nd country on Twitter, Japan 3rd Netherlands most active country. Retrieved July 21, 2013, from: http://semiocast.com/en/publications/2012_01_31_Brazil_becomes_2nd_country_on_Twitter_superseds_Japan.
    • (2012)
  • 62
    • 84878799956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canadian politics in 140 characters: Party politics in the Twitterverse
    • Small, T. (2010). Canadian politics in 140 characters: Party politics in the Twitterverse. Canadian Parliamentary Review, 33(3), 39–45.
    • (2010) Canadian Parliamentary Review , vol.33 , Issue.3 , pp. 39-45
    • Small, T.1
  • 63
    • 79961034078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What the hashtag? A content analysis of Canadian politics on Twitter
    • Small, T. A. (2011). What the hashtag? A content analysis of Canadian politics on Twitter. Information, Communication & Society, 14(6), 872–895.
    • (2011) Information, Communication & Society , vol.14 , Issue.6 , pp. 872-895
    • Small, T.A.1
  • 64
    • 84876732717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • E-government in the age of social media: An analysis of the Canadian government’s use of Twitter
    • Small, T. A. (2012). E-government in the age of social media: An analysis of the Canadian government’s use of Twitter. Policy & Internet, 4(3–4), 91–111.
    • (2012) Policy & Internet , vol.4 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 91-111
    • Small, T.A.1
  • 65
    • 84926043937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • May, Paper presented at the meeting of the Canadian Political Science Association, St, Catharines, ON, May:
    • Small, T. A. (2014, May). Tone on Twitter: Online negativity in Canadian elections. Paper presented at the meeting of the Canadian Political Science Association, St. Catharines, ON, May.
    • (2014) Tone on Twitter: Online negativity in Canadian elections
    • Small, T.A.1
  • 66
    • 84961383510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brenner, J., Twitter use 2012. PEW Internet and American Life Project. Retrieved September 3, 2013, from
    • Smith, A., & Brenner, J. (2012). Twitter use 2012. PEW Internet and American Life Project. Retrieved September 3, 2013, from: http://pewinternet.org/Reports/2012/Twitter-Use-2012.aspx.
    • (2012)
    • Smith, A.1
  • 67
    • 84961356704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Focus on Geography Series, 2011 Census. Retrieved August 10, 2013, from
    • Statistics Canada. (2011). Focus on Geography Series, 2011 Census. Retrieved August 10, 2013, from: http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/fogs-spg/Index-eng.cfm.
    • (2011)
  • 69
    • 84955723752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Boutique populism: The emergence of the Tea Party movement in the age of digital politics
    • Lees-Marshment J., Conley B., (eds), In, K. Cosgrove, New York, NY: Routledge
    • Turcotte, A., & Raynauld, V. (2014). Boutique populism: The emergence of the Tea Party movement in the age of digital politics. In J. Lees-Marshment, B. Conley, & K. Cosgrove, Political marketing in the U.S (pp. 61–84). New York, NY: Routledge.
    • (2014) Political marketing in the U.S(pp. 61–84)
    • Turcotte, A.1    Raynauld, V.2
  • 70
    • 63749129357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The (potential) benefits of campaigning via social network sites
    • Utz, S. (2009). The (potential) benefits of campaigning via social network sites. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 14 (2), 221–243.
    • (2009) Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication , vol.14 , Issue.2 , pp. 221-243
    • Utz, S.1
  • 71
    • 84874294957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From echo chamber to persuasive device? Rethinking the role of the Internet in campaigns
    • Vaccari, C. (2013). From echo chamber to persuasive device? Rethinking the role of the Internet in campaigns. New Media & Society, 15 (1), 109–127.
    • (2013) New Media & Society , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 109-127
    • Vaccari, C.1
  • 73
    • 84876523236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Online social networks and microblogging in political campaigning: The exploration of a new campaign tool and a new campaign style
    • Vergeer, M., Hermans, L., & Sams, S. (2013). Online social networks and microblogging in political campaigning: The exploration of a new campaign tool and a new campaign style. Party Politics, 19 (3), 477–501.
    • (2013) Party Politics , vol.19 , Issue.3 , pp. 477-501
    • Vergeer, M.1    Hermans, L.2    Sams, S.3
  • 74
    • 84869807235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limbaugh’s social media nightmare: Facebook and Twitter as spaces for political action
    • Warner, B. R., McGowen, S. T., & Hawthorne, J. (2012). Limbaugh’s social media nightmare: Facebook and Twitter as spaces for political action. Journal of Radio & Audio Media, 19(2), 257–275.
    • (2012) Journal of Radio & Audio Media , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 257-275
    • Warner, B.R.1    McGowen, S.T.2    Hawthorne, J.3
  • 75
    • 84874340118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social networks in political campaigns: Facebook and the congressional elections of 2006 and 2008
    • Williams, C. B., & Gulati, G. J. (2013). Social networks in political campaigns: Facebook and the congressional elections of 2006 and 2008. New Media & Society, 15(1), 52–71.
    • (2013) New Media & Society , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 52-71
    • Williams, C.B.1    Gulati, G.J.2
  • 76
    • 84859358865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Digital media in the Egyptian revolution: Descriptive analysis from the Tahrir data sets
    • Wilson, C., & Dunn, A. (2011). Digital media in the Egyptian revolution: Descriptive analysis from the Tahrir data sets. International Journal of Communication, 5, 1248–1272.
    • (2011) International Journal of Communication , vol.5 , pp. 1248-1272
    • Wilson, C.1    Dunn, A.2
  • 78
    • 84895910738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The great equalizer? Patterns of social media use and youth political engagement in three advanced democracies
    • Xenos, M., Vromen, A., & Loader, B. D. (2014). The great equalizer? Patterns of social media use and youth political engagement in three advanced democracies. Information, Communication & Society, 17(2), 151–167.
    • (2014) Information, Communication & Society , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 151-167
    • Xenos, M.1    Vromen, A.2    Loader, B.D.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.