How to manage children who have come into contact with patients affected by tuberculosis

Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases

Volumn 1, Issue , 2015, Pages 1-12

  Lancella, Laura ^a   Vecchio, Andrea Lo ^b   Chiappini, Elena ^c   Tadolini, Marina ^d   Cirillo, Daniela ^e   Tortoli, Enrico ^e   de Martino, Maurizio ^c   Guarino, Alfredo ^b   Principi, Nicola ^f   Villani, Alberto ^a   Esposito, Susanna ^f   Galli, Luisa ^c   Cursi, Laura ^a   Grandin, Annalisa ^a   Marabotto, Caterina ^a   Scotto, Riccardo ^b   Montagnani, Carlotta ^c   Ciofi, Daniele ^c   Festini, Filippo ^c   Anziati, Martina ^c   Becciani, Sabrina ^c   Remaschi, Giulia ^c   Sollai, Sara ^c   Tersigni, Chiara ^c   Venturini, Elisabetta ^c   Russo, Cristina ^e   Bosis, Samantha ^f   Tagliabue, Claudia ^f   Senatore, Laura ^f   Ascolese, Beatrice ^f   Bernardi, Filippo ^d   Bertazzoni, Elisa ^g   Blasi, Francesco ^f   Bocchino, Marialuisa ^b   Assante, Luca ^b   Castagnola, Elio ^h   Losurdo, Giuseppe ^h   Codecasa, Luigi ⁱ   Di Mauro, Giuseppe ^j   Faccini, Marino ^k   Gabiano, Clara ^l   Garazzino, Silvia ^l   Le Serre, Daniele ^l   Raffaldi, Irene ^l   Marseglia, Gianluigi ^m   Mascolo, Amelia ^m   Di Comite, Amelia ^m   Stronati, Mauro ^m   Matteelli, Alberto ⁿ   Migliori, Giovanni Battista ⁿ   Centis, Rossella ⁿ   D'Ambrosio, Lia ⁿ   Pasinato, Angela ^o   Scaglione, Franco ^f   Scala, Elisabetta ^p   Tomà, Paolo ^a   more..

^a BAMBINO GESÙ CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II   (Italy)

^c UNIVERSITY OF FLORENCE   (Italy)

^d UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA   (Italy)

^e SAN RAFFAELE HOSPITAL   (Italy)

^f UNIVERSITY OF MILAN   (Italy)

^g UNIVERSITY OF VERONA   (Italy)

^h G GASLINI INSTITUTE   (Italy)

ⁱ Referral Center for Tuberculosis   (Italy)

^j Primary Care Pediatrician   (Italy)

^k ASL Milano   (Italy)

^l UNIVERSITY OF TURIN   (Italy)

^m FONDAZIONE IRCCS POLICLINICO SAN MATTEO   (Italy)

ⁿ WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION   (Switzerland)

^o Primary care pediatrician   (Italy)

^p MOIGE Association   (Italy)

more..

Author keywords

Contacts; IGRA; LTBI; Multidrug resistant tuberculosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Tuberculosis

Indexed keywords

EID: 84956957783     PISSN: None     EISSN: 24055794     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jctube.2015.07.002     Document Type: Review

References (73)

1. World Health Organization Guidance for national tuberculosis programmes on the management of tuberculosis in children 2014, World Health Organization, Geneva, Available at http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/137094/1/9789241564809_eng.pdf?ua=1. Accessed on 6 January 2015.
2. Shaw J.B., Wynn-Williams N. Infectivity of pulmonary tuberculosis in relation to sputum status. Am Rev Tuberc 1954, 69:724-732.
3. Marais B.J., Gie R.P., Schaarf H.S., Hesseling A.C., Obihara C.C., Nelson L.J., et al. The clinical epidemiology of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis: a critical review of literature from the pre-chemotherapy era. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2004, 8:278-285.
4. Erikens C.G.M., Kamphorst M., Abubakar I., Bothamley G.H., Chemtob D., Haas W., et al. Tuberculosis contact investigation in low prevalence countries: a European consensus. Eur Respir J 2010, 36:925-949.
5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Guidelines for the investigation of contacts of persons with infectious tuberculosis. Recommendations from the National Tuberculosis Controllers Association and CDC. MMWR Recomm Rep 2005, 54:1-47.
6. Singh M., Mynak M.L., Kumar L., Mathew J.L., Jindal S.K. Prevalence and risk factors for transmission of infection among children in household contact with adults having pulmonary tuberculosis. Arch Dis Child 2005, 90:624-628.
7. Edwards L.B., Tolderlund K. BCG-vaccine studies. 3. Preliminary report on the effect of sunlight on BCG vaccine. Bull World Health Organ 1952, 5:245-248.
8. Driver C.R., Valway S.E., Morgan W.M., Onorato I.M., Castro K.G. Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis associated with air travel. JAMA 1994, 272:1031-1035.
9. Baghaie N., Khalilzadeh S., Bolursaz M.R., Parsanejad N. Contact tracing of a 15-year-old girl with smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis in Tehran. East Mediterr Health 2012, 18:399-401.
10. Molicotti P., Bua A., Mela G., Olmeo P., Delogu R., Ortu S., et al. Performance of quantiFERON-TB testing in a tuberculosis outbreak at a primary school. J Pediatr 2008, 152:585-586.
11. Il Programma Nazionale per le Linee Guida (PNLG). Methodological handbook-how to produce, disseminate and update clinical practice recommendations. Accessed December 30, 2014. http://www.pnlg.it/en_method.
12. Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Netwok (SIGN). available at:. Accessed December 30, 2014. http://www.sign.ac.uk/.
13. Guidelines for the planning and management of NIH Consensus Development Conferences Online Bethesda (MD): National Institutes of Health, Office of the Director, Office of Medical Applications of Research; 1993. Updated October 2001.
14. Den Boon S., Verver S., Marais B.J., Enarson D.A., Lombard C.J., Bateman E.D., et al. Association between passive smoking and infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in children. Pediatrics 2007, 119:734-739.
15. Karim M.R., Rahman M.A., Mamun S.A., Alam M.A., Akhter S. What cannot be measured cannot be done risk factors for childhood tuberculosis: a case control study. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2012, 38:27-32.
16. Buonsenso D., Lancella L., Delogu G., Krzysztofiak A., Testa A., Ranno O., et al. A twenty-year retrospective study of pediatric tuberculosis in two tertiary hospitals in Rome. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2012, 31:1022-1026.
17. Fox G.J., Barry S.E., Britton W.J., Marks G.B. Contact investigation for tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Resp J 2013, 41:140-156.
18. Nguyen T.H., Odermatt P., Slesak G., Barennes H. Risk of latent tuberculosis infection in children living in households with tuberculosis patients: a cross sectional survey in remote northern Lao People's Democratic Republic. BMC Infect Dis 2009, 9:96.
19. Stout J.E., Saharia K.K., Nageswaran S., Ahmed A., Hamilton C.D. Racial and ethnic disparities in pediatric tuberculosis in North Carolina. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2006, 160:631-637.
20. Tipayamongkholgul M., Podhipak A., Chearskul S., Sunakorn P. Factors associated with the development of tuberculosis in BCG immunized children. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2005, 36:145-150.
21. Cohn K.A., Finalle R., O'Hare G., Feris J.M., Fernández J., Shah S.S. Risk factors for intrathoracic tuberculosis in children from economic migrant populations of two Dominican Republic bateyes. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2009, 28:782-786.
22. Tornee S., Kaewkungwal J., Fungladda W., Silachamroon U., Akarasewi P., Sunakorn P. The association between environmental factors and tuberculosis infection among household contacts. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2005, 36:221-224.
23. Cluver L., Orkin M., Moshabela M., Kuo C., Boyes M. The hidden harm of home-based care: pulmonary tuberculosis symptoms among children providing home medical care to HIV/AIDS-affected adults in South Africa. AIDS Care 2013, 25:1-11.
24. Jain S.K., Ordonez A., Kinikar A., Gupte N., Thakar M., Mave V., et al. Pediatric tuberculosis in young children in India: a prospective study. Biomed Res Int 2013, 2013.
25. Menzies H.J., Winston C.A., Holtz T.H., Cain K.P., Mac Kenzie W.R. Epidemiology of tuberculosis among US- and foreign-born children and adolescents in the United States, 1994-2007. Am J Public Health 2010, 100:1724-1729.
26. Minodier P., Lamarre V., Carle M.E., Blais D., Ovetchkine P., Tapiero B. Evaluation of a school-based program for diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in immigrant children. J Infect Public Health 2010, 3:67-75.
27. Kruijshaar M.E., Abubakar I. Increase in extrapulmonary tuberculosis in England and Wales 1999-2006. Thorax 2009, 64:1090-1095.
28. van Ingen J., Boeree M.J., Wright A., van der Laan T., Dekhuijzen P.N., van Soolingen D. Second-line drug resistance in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases of various origins in the Netherlands. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2008, 12:1295-1299.
29. Augustynowicz-Kopeć E., Jagielski T., Kozińska M., Kremer K., van Soolingen D., Bielecki J., et al. Transmission of tuberculosis within family-household. J Infect 2012, 64:596-608.
30. Swaminathan S., Ramachandran R., Baskaran G., Paramasivan C.N., Ramanathan U., Venkatesan P., et al. Risk of development of tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2000, 4:839-844.
31. Rossouw M., Nel H.J., Cooke G.S., van Helden P.D., Hoal E.G. Association between tuberculosis and a polymorphic NFkappaB binding site in the interferon gamma gene. Lancet 2003, 361:1871-1872.
32. Filipe-Santos O., Bustamante J., Haverkamp M.H., Vinolo E., Ku C.L., Puel A., et al. X-linked susceptibility to mycobacteria is caused by mutations in NEMO impairing CD40-dependent IL-12 production. J Exp Med 2006, 203:1745-1759.
33. Casanova J.L., Abel L. Human genetics of infectious diseases: a unified theory. EMBO J 2007, 26:915-922.
34. World Health Organization Global tuberculosis report 2014 2014, World Health Organization, Geneva, Available at http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/112360/1/9789241548748_eng.pdf Accessed on 6 January 2014.
35. American Academy of Pediatrics Tuberculosis. Red Book: Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases 2009, 680-701. American Academy of Pediatrics, Elk Grove Village, IL. 28th edn. L.K. Pickering (Ed.).
36. Magdorf K., Detjen A.K. Proposed management of childhood tuberculosis in low-incidence countries. Eur J Pediatr 2008, 167:927-938.
37. Marais B.J., Gie R.P., Hesseling A.C., Schaaf H.S., Lombard C., Enarson D.A. A refined symptom-based appraoch to diagnose pulmonary tuberculosis in children. Pediatrics 2006, 118:e1350-e1359.
38. Griffith-Richards S.B., Goussard P. Cavitating pulmonary tuberculosis in children: correlating radiology with pathogenesis. Pediatr Radiol 2007, 37:798-804.
39. Stewart C.J. Tuberculosis infection in a pediatric department. BR Med J 1976, 1:30-32.
40. Middlekoop P., Bekker L.G., Morrow C. Childhood tuberculosis infection and disease: a special and temporal transmission analysis in a South-African township. S Afr Med J 2009, 99:738-743.
41. Lee J.W., Kwon H.J., Jang P.S., Chung N.G., Cho B., Jeong D.C., et al. Two children with differing outcomes after treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosed after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis 2011, 13:520-523.
42. Reynolds D.L., Gillis F., Kitai I., Deamond S.L., Silverman M., King S.M., et al. Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from an infant. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2006, 10:1051-1056.
43. Smieja M.J., Marchetti C.A., Cook D.J., Smaill F.M. Isoniazid for preventing tuberculosis in non-HIV infected persons. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000, 2.
44. Dooley K.E., Kim P.S., Williams S.D., Hafner R. TB and HIV therapeutics: pharmacology research priorities. AIDS Res Treat 2012:874083.
45. Becerra M.C., Franke M.F., Appleton S.C., Joseph J.K., Bayona J., Atwood S.S., et al. Tuberculosis in children exposed at home to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2013, 32:115-119.
46. Morrison J., Pai M., Hopewell P.C. Tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection in close contacts of people with pulmonary tuberculosis in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2008, 8:359-368.
47. Joint statement of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the American Thoracic Society, and the Infectious Diseases, vol. 41. Society of America: Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Management of persons exposed to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. MMWR Recomm Rep 1992;41:61-71.
48. Partners in Health PIH guide to the medical management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis 2003, Partners in Health, Boston, MA.
49. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Tuberculosis. Clinical diagnosis and management of tuberculosis, and measures for its prevention and control. NICE clinical guideline 117. March 2011. Available at. Accessed on 6 January 2015. http://guidance.nice.org.uk/CG117/NICEGuidance/pdf/English.
50. Department of Health, Republic of South Africa Management of drug-resistant tuberculosis: policy guidelines 2011 2011, Ministry of Health, Pretoria.
51. Al-Dabbagh M., Lapphra K., McGloin R., Inrig K., Schaaf H.S., Marais B.J., et al. Drug-resistant tuberculosis: pediatric guidelines. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2011, 30:501-505.
52. Seddon J.A., Furin J.J., Gale M., Del Castillo Barrientos H., Hurtado R.M., Amanullah F., et al. Caring for children with drug-resistant tuberculosis: practice-based recommendations. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2012, 186:953-964.
53. Kritski A.L., Marques M.J., Rabahi M.F., Vieira M.A., Werneck-Barroso E., Carvalho C.E., et al. Transmission of tuberculosis to close contacts of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996, 153:331-335.
54. Sneag D.B., Shaaf H.S., Cotton M.F., Zar H.J. Failure of chemoprophylaxis with standard antituberculosis agents in child contacts of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2007, 26:1142-1146.
55. Schaaf H.S., Gie R.P., Kennedy M., Beyers N., Hesseling P.B., Donald P.R. Evaluation of young children in contact with adult multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis: a 30-month follow-up. Pediatrics 2002, 109:765-771.
56. Seddon J.A., Hesseling A.C., Finlayson H., Fielding K., Cox H., Hughes J., et al. Preventive therapy for child contacts of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a prospective cohort study. Clin Infect Dis 2013, 57:1676-1684.
57. Piñeiro Pérez R., Mellado Peña M.J., Méndez Echevarría A., Cilleruelo Ortega M.J., García Hortelano M., Villota Arrieta J., et al. Exposure to multiresistant tuberculosis: study and follow-up of nine children. An Pediatr (Barc) 2008, 68:490-495.
58. Fred D., Desai M., Song R., Bamrah S., Pavlin B.I., Heetderks A., et al. Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in Chuuk State Federated States of Micronesia, 2008-2009. Pac Health Dialog 2010, 16:123-127.
59. Tochon M., Bosdure E., Salles M., Beloncle C., Chadelat K., Dagorne M., et al. The Union Management of young children in contact with an adult with drug-resistant tuberculosis, France, 2004-2008. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2011, 15:326-330.
60. Cain K.P., Nelson L.J., Cegielski J.P. Global policies and practices for managing persons exposed to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2010, 14:269-274.
61. Francis J. Curry National Tuberculosis Center. Drug-resistant tuberculosis: a survival guide for clinicians 2008, Francis J Curry National Tuberculosis Center, San Francisco, CA. 2nd edn.
62. Schaaf H.S., Marais B.J. Management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in children: a survival guide for paediatricians. Paediatr Respir Rev 2011, 12:31-38.
63. Caminero J.A., Sotgiu G., Zumla A., Migliori G.B. Best drug treatment for multidrug-resistant and extensively-drug resistant tuberculosis. Lancet Infect Dis 2010, 10:621-629.
64. Ettehad D., Schaaf H.S., Seddon J.A., Cooke G.S., Ford N. Treatment outcomes for children with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2012, 12:449-456.
65. Bradley J.S., Jackson M.A., The Committee on Infectious Diseases from The American Academy of Pediatrics Clinical Report. The use of systemic and topical fluoroquinolones. Pediatrics 2011, 128:1034-1045.
66. Rodriguez J.C., Cebrian L., Lopez M., Ruiz M., Jimenez I., Royo G. Mutant prevention concentration: comparison of fluoroquinolones and linezolid with mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2004, 53:441-444.
67. Kontsevaya I.S., Nikolayevsky V.V., Balabanova Y.A.M. Molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis: objectives, methods and prospects. Mol Genet Microbiol Virol 2011, 26:1-9.
68. Schürch A.C., van Soolingen D. DNA fingerprinting of mycobacterium tuberculosis: from phage typing to whole-genome sequencing. Infect Genet Evol 2012, 12:602-609.
69. Jagielski T., van Ingen J., Rastogi N., Dziadek J., Mazur P.K., Bielecki J. Current methods in the molecular typing of mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacteria. BioMed Res Int 2014, 2014.
70. Kamerbeek J., Schouls L.M., Kolk A., van Agterveld M., van Soolingen D., Kuijper S., et al. Simultaneous detection and strain differentiation of mycobacterium tuberculosis for diagnosis and epidemiology. J Clin Microbiol 1997, 35:907-914.
71. Allix-Béguec C., Wahl C., Hanekom M., Nikolayevskyy V., Drobniewski F., Maeda S., et al. Proposal of a Consensus set of hypervariable Mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit-variable-number tandem-repeat loci or subtyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing isolates. J Clin Microbiol 2014, 52:164-172.
72. Supply P., Allix C., Lesjean S., Cardoso-Oelemann M., Rüsch-Gerdes S., Willery E., et al. Proposal for a standardization of optimized mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number tandem repeat typing of mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Clin Microbiol 2006, 44:4498-4510.
73. Roetzer A., Diel R., Kohl T.A., Rückert C., Nübel U., Blom J., et al. Whole genome sequencing versus traditional genotyping for investigation of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis outbreak: a longitudinal molecular epidemiological study. PLoS Med 2013, 10.