Probing crystallinity of never-dried wood cellulose with Raman spectroscopy

Cellulose

Volumn 23, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 125-144

  Agarwal, Umesh P ^a   Ralph, Sally A ^a   Reiner, Richard S ^a   Baez, Carlos ^a  

^a FOREST PRODUCTS LABORATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

Cellulose structure; Crystallinity; Microfibril; Nanocellulose; Plant cell wall; Raman spectroscopy; X ray diffraction

Indexed keywords

CELLULOSE; CRYSTALLINE MATERIALS; RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY; X RAY DIFFRACTION;

CELLULOSE STRUCTURES; CRYSTALLINITIES; MICROFIBRIL; NANO-CELLULOSE; PLANT CELL WALL;

WOOD;

EID: 84955755294     PISSN: 09690239     EISSN: 1572882X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10570-015-0788-7     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Agarwal UP (2006) Raman imaging to investigate ultrastructure and composition of plant cell walls: distribution of lignin and cellulose in black spruce wood (Picea mariana). Planta 224:1141–1153
2. Agarwal UP (2014) 1064 nm FT-Raman spectroscopy for investigations of plant cell walls and other biomass materials. Front Plant Sci 5:490
3. Agarwal UP, Ralph SA (1997) FT-Raman spectroscopy of wood: identifying contributions of lignin and carbohydrate polymers in the spectrum of black spruce (Picea mariana). Appl Spectrosc 51:1648–1655
4. Agarwal UP, Reiner RS, Ralph SA (2010) Cellulose I crystallinity determination using FT–Raman spectroscopy: univariate and multivariate methods. Cellulose 17:721–733
5. Agarwal UP, Reiner RS, Ralph SA (2013a) Estimation of cellulose crystallinity of lignocelluloses using near-IR FT-Raman spectroscopy and comparison of the Raman and Segal-WAXS methods. J Agric Food Chem 61:103–113
6. Agarwal UP, Zhu JY, Ralph SA (2013b) Enzymatic hydrolysis of loblolly pine: effects of cellulose crystallinity and delignification. Holzforschung 67:371–377
7. Agarwal UP, Ralph SA, Reiner RS, Stark NM (2015) Formation of irreversible H-bonds in cellulose materials. In: Hell J, Bohmdorfer S, Potthast A, Rosenau T (eds) Proceedings 18th international symposium on wood, fiber and pulping chemistry, BOKU Dept. Chemistry, Vienna, Vol II, pp 18–21
8. Atalla RH, Agarwal UP (1985) Raman microprobe evidence for lignin orientation in the cell walls of native woody tissue. Science 227:636–638
9. Atalla RH, Isogai A (2005) Recent developments in spectroscopic and chemical characterization of cellulose. In: Dumitriu S (ed) Polysaccharides: structural diversity and functional versatility. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 125–157
10. 13C NMR spectroscopy in studies of the nature of native celluloses. Solid State Nucl Magn Reson 15:1–19
11. Atalla RS, Crowley MF, Himmel ME, Atalla RH (2014) Irreversible transformations of native celluloses, upon exposure to elevated temperatures. Carbohydr Polym 100:2–8
12. Bali G, Foston MB, O’Neill HM, Evans BR, He J, Ragauskaus AJ (2013) The effect of deuteration on the structure of bacterial cellulose. Carbohydr Res 374:82–88
13. 13C-NMR spectroscopy shows that the xyloglucans in the primary cell walls of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) occur in different domains: a new model for xyloglucan-cellulose interactions in the cell wall. J Exp Bot 55:571–583
14. I based on molecular force-fields and density functional theory. Cellulose 22:1485–1493
15. Colaianni SEM, Aubard J, Hansen SH, Nielsen OF (1995) Raman spectroscopic studies of some biochemically relevant molecules. Vib Spectrosc 9:111–120
16. Colombo L, Furic K (1971) Low frequency Raman spectrum of benzoic acid single crystals. Spectrochim Acta 27A:1778–1784
17. Cosgrove DJ (2005) Growth of the plant cell wall. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:850–861
18. Davis MW (1998) A rapid method for compositional carbohydrate analysis of lignocellulosics by high pH anion-exchange chromatography with pulse amperometric detection (HPAE/PAD). J Wood Chem Technol 18:235–252
19. Ding SY, Himmel ME (2006) The maize primary cell wall microfibril: a new model derived from direct visualization. J Agric Food Chem 5:597–606
20. Donaldson L (2007) Cellulose microfibril aggregates and their size variation with cell wall type. Wood Sci Technol 41:443–460
21. Driemeier C, Pimenta MT, Rocha GJ, Oliveira MM, Mello DB, Maziero P, Gonçalves AR (2011) Evolution of cellulose crystals during prehydrolysis and soda delignification of sugarcane lignocellulose. Cellulose 18:1509–1519
22. Elazzouzi-Hafraoui S, Nishiyama Y, Putaux J-L, Heux L, Dubreuil F, Rochas C (2008) The Shape and size distribution of crystalline nanoparticles prepared by acid hydrolysis of native cellulose. Biomacromolecules 9:57–65
23. Fernandes AN, Thomas LH, Altaner CM, Callow P, Forsyth VT, Apperley DC, Kennedy CJ, Jarvis MC (2011) Nanostructure of cellulose microfibrils in spruce wood. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108:E1195–E1203
24. French AD, Santiago Cintron M (2013) Cellulose polymorphy, crystallite size, and the Segal crystallinity index. Cellulose 20:583–588
25. Gierlinger N, Luss S, Konig C, Konnerth J, Eder M, Fratzl P (2010) Cellulose microfibril orientation of Picea abies and its variability at the micron-level determined by Raman imaging. J Exp Bot 61:587–595
26. Hendra PJ, Jones C, Warnes G (1991) Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy. Ellis Horwood, Chicester
27. Hirota M, Tamura N, Saito T, Isogai A (2010) Water dispersion of cellulose II nanocrystals prepared by TEMPO-mediated oxidation of mercerized cellulose at pH 4.8. Cellulose 17:279–288
28. 2OH group about the exo-cyclic C–C bond. Poly Bull 10:357–361
29. Hult EL, Iversen T, Sugiyama J (2003) Characterization of the supermolecular structure of cellulose in wood pulp fibres. Cellulose 10:103–110
30. Jarvis MC (2013) Cellulose biosynthesis: counting the chains. Plant Physiol 163:1485–1486
31. Kafle K, Lee CM, Shin H, Zoppe J, Johnson DK, Kim SH, Park S (2015) Effects of delignification on crystalline cellulose in lignocellulose biomass characterized by vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Bioenergy Res. doi:10.1007/s12155-015-9627-9
32. Keplinger T, Konnerth J, Aguié-Béghin V, Rüggeberg M, Gierlinger N, Burgert I (2014) A zoom into the nanoscale texture of secondary cell walls. Plant Methods 10:1
33. Kuramae R, Saito T, Isogai A (2014) TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils prepared from various plant holocelluloses. React Funct Polym 85:126–133
34. Kuribayashi T, Ogawa Y, Nishiyama Y, Heux L, Saito Y, Matsumoto Y (2015) Microstructural changes of cellulose in wood by moist-thermal treatment. In: Hell J, Bohmdorfer S, Potthast A, Rosenau T (eds) Proceedings 18th international symposium on wood, fiber and pulping chemistry, BOKU Dept. Chemistry, Vienna, Vol I, pp 225–228
35. Langan P, Petridis L, O’Neill HM, Pingali SV, Foston M, Nishiyama Y, Schulz R, Lindner B, Hanson BL, Harton S, Heller WT, Urban W, Evans B, Gnanakaran S, Ragauskas AJ, Smith JC, Davison BH (2014) Common processes drive the thermochemical pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. Green Chem 16:63–67
36. Largo-Gosens A, Hernández-Altamirano M, García-Calvo L, Alonso-Simón A, Álvarez J, Acebes JL (2014) Fourier transform mid infrared spectroscopy applications for monitoring the structural plasticity of plant cell walls. Front Plant Sci 5:303
37. Lee CM, Kafle K, Park YB, Kim SH (2014) Probing crystal structure and mesoscale assembly of cellulose microfibrils in plant cell walls, tunicate tests, and bacterial films using vibrational sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 16:10844–10853
38. Leu S-Y, Zhu JY, Gleisner R, Sessions J, Marrs G (2013) Robust enzymatic saccharification of a Douglas-fir forest harvest residue by SPORL. Biomass Bioenergy 59:393–401
39. Liitia T, Maunu SL, Hortling B, Tamminen T, Pekkala O, Varhimo A (2003) Cellulose crystallinity and ordering of hemicelluloses in pine and birch pulps as revealed by solid-state NMR spectroscopic methods. Cellulose 10:307–316
40. Lindner B, Petridis L, Langan P, Smith JC (2014) Determination of cellulose crystallinity from powder diffraction diagrams. Biopolymers 103:67–73
41. Liu J, Inouye H, Venugopalan N, Fischetti RF, Gleber SC, Vogt S, Cusumano JC, Kim JI, Chapple C, Makowski L (2013) Tissue specific specialization of the nanoscale architecture of Arabidopsis. J Struct Biol 184:103–114
42. Martínez-Sanz M, Gidley JG, Gilbert EP (2015) Application of X-ray and neutron small angle scattering techniques to study the hierarchical structure of plant cell walls: a review. Carbohydr Polym 125:120–134
43. Moon RJ, Martini A, Nairn J, Simonsen J, Youngblood J (2011) Cellulose nanomaterials review: structure, properties and nanocomposites. Chem Soc Rev 40:3941–3994
44. 13C NMR signal strengths. Solid State Nucl Magn Reson 15:21–29
45. II. Cellulose 15:769–778
46. Newman RH, Hill SJ, Harris PJ (2013) Wide-angle X-ray scattering and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance data combined to test models for cellulose microfibrils in mung bean cell walls. Plant Physiol 163:1558–1567
47. Nishiyama Y, Johnson GP, French AD (2012) Diffraction from nonperiodic models of cellulose crystals. Cellulose 19:319–336
48. Nishiyama Y, Langan P, O’Neill H, Pingali SV, Harton S (2014) Structural coarsening of aspen wood by hydrothermal pretreatment monitored by small- and wide-angle scattering of X-ray and neutrons on oriented specimens. Cellulose 21:1015–1024
49. Okita Y, Saito T, Isogai A (2010) Entire surface oxidation of various cellulose microfibrils by TEMPO-mediated oxidation. Biomacromolecules 11:1696–1700
50. Park S, Baker JO, Himmel ME, Parilla PA, Johnson DK (2010) Cellulose crystallinity index: measurement techniques and their impact on interpreting cellulase performance. Biotechnol Biofuels 3:10
51. Parrott EJ et al (2009) Testing the sensitivity of terahertz spectroscopy to changes in molecular and supramolecular structure: a study of structurally similar cocrystals. Cryst Growth Des 9:1452–1460
52. Preston RD (1974) The physical biology of plant cell walls. Chapman and Hall, London
53. Ragauskas AJ, Williams CK, Davison BH, Britovsek G, Cairney J, Eckert CA, Frederick WJ Jr, Hallett JP, Leak DJ, Liotta CL, Mielenz JR, Murphy R, Templer R, Tschaplinski T (2006) The path forward for biofuels and biomaterials. Science 311:484–489
54. Reiner RS, Rudie AW (2013) Process scale-up of cellulose nanocrystal production to 25 kg per batch at the Forest Products Laboratory. In: Postek MT, Moon RJ, Rudie AJ, Bilodeau MA (eds) Production and applications of cellulose materials. TAPPI Press, Atlanta, pp 21–24
55. Reza M, Ruokolainen J, Vuorinen T (2014) Out-of-plane orientation of cellulose elementary fibrils on spruce tracheid wall based on imaging with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Planta 240:565–573
56. Saito T, Kimura S, Nishiyama Y, Isogai A (2007) Cellulose nanofibers prepared by TEMPO-mediated system. Biomacromolecules 8:2485–2491
57. Schenzel K, Fischer S, Brendler E (2005) New method for determining the degree of cellulose I crystallinity by means of FT Raman spectroscopy. Cellulose 12:223–231
58. Sèbe G, Ham-Pichavant F, Ibarboure E, Lydie A, Koffi C, Tingaut P (2012) Supramolecular structure characterization of cellulose II nanowhiskers produced by acid hydrolysis of cellulose I substrates. Biomacromolecules 13:570–578
59. Segal L, Creely JJ, Martin AE, Conrad CM (1959) An empirical method for estimating the degree of crystallinity of native cellulose using the x-ray diffractometer. Text Res J 29:786–794
60. Sun Q, Foston M, Meng X, Sawada D, Pingali SV, O’Neill HM, Li H, Wyman CE, Langan P, Ragauskas AJ, Kumar R (2014) Effect of lignin content on changes occurring in poplar cellulose ultrastructure during dilute acid pretreatment. Cellulose 21:2419–2431
61. TAPPI test method (1983) Acid insoluble lignin in wood and pulp; official test method T-222 (Om). TAPPI, Atlanta, GA
62. Thomas LH, Forsyth VT, Martel A, Grillo I, Altaner CM, Jarvis MC (2014) Structure and spacing of cellulose microfibrils in woody cell walls of dicots. Cellulose 21:3887–3895
63. Vieira FS, Pasquini C (2014) Determination of cellulose crystallinity by terahertz-time domain spectroscopy. Anal Chem 86:3780–3786
64. 13C NMR spectroscopy. Carbohydr Res 312:123–129
65. 13C CPMAS NMR. Carbohydr Res 58:461–466
66. Wiley JH, Atalla RH (1987) Band assignments in the Raman spectra of celluloses. Carbohydr Res 160:113–129
67. Xu X, Liu F, Jiang L, Zhu JY, Haagenson D, Wiesenborn DP (2013) Cellulose nanocrystals vs. Cellulose nanofibrils: a comparative study on their microstructures and effects as polymer reinforcing agents. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 5:2999–3009