Giving context to the physician competency reference set: Adapting to the needs of diverse populations

Academic Medicine

Volumn 91, Issue 7, 2016, Pages 930-935

  Eckstrand, Kristen L ^a,b   Potter, Jennifer ^c,d   Bayer, Carey Roth ^e   Englander, Robert ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

^b ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES   (United States)

^c HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^d FENWAY INSTITUTE   (United States)

^e MOREHOUSE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLINICAL COMPETENCE; CURRICULUM; DISORDERS OF SEX DEVELOPMENT; EDUCATIONAL MODEL; HEALTH SERVICE; HUMAN; MEDICAL EDUCATION; PROCEDURES; SEXUAL MINORITY; SEXUALITY; STANDARDS; UNITED STATES;

CLINICAL COMPETENCE; COMPETENCY-BASED EDUCATION; DISORDERS OF SEX DEVELOPMENT; EDUCATION, MEDICAL; HEALTH SERVICES FOR TRANSGENDER PERSONS; HUMANS; MODELS, EDUCATIONAL; SEXUAL MINORITIES; SEXUALITY; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84954517611     PISSN: 10402446     EISSN: 1938808X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000001088     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Carraccio C, Wolfsthal SD, Englander R, Ferentz K, Martin C. Shifting paradigms: From Flexner to competencies. Acad Med. 2002;77:361-367.
2. Frank JR, Snell LS, Cate OT, et al. Competency-based medical education: Theory to practice. Med Teach. 2010;32: 638-645.
3. Association of American Nursing Colleges. The essentials of doctoral education for advanced nursing practice. 2006. http://www.aacn.nche.edu/dnp/Essentials.pdf. Accessed November 17, 2015.
4. Association of American Nursing Colleges. The essentials of baccalaureate education for professional nursing practice. 2008. http://www.aacn.nche.edu/education-resources/BaccEssentials08.pdf. Accessed November 17, 2015.
5. National Association of Pharmacy Regulatory Authorities. Professional competencies for Canadian pharmacists at entry to practice. 2007. http://napra.ca/content-Files/Files/Entry-To-Practice-Competencies-March2007-final-new-layout-2009.pdf. Accessed November 17, 2015.
6. Frank JR, Danoff D. The CanMEDS initiative: Implementing an outcomes-based framework of physician competencies. Med Teach. 2007;29:642-647.
7. Simpson JG, Furnace J, Crosby J, et al. The Scottish doctor-Learning outcomes for the medical undergraduate in Scotland: A foundation for competent and reflective practitioners. Med Teach. 2002;24:136-143.
8. Swing SR. The ACGME outcome project: Retrospective and prospective. Med Teach. 2007;29:648-654.
9. Englander R, Cameron T, Ballard AJ, Dodge J, Bull J, Aschenbrener CA. Toward a common taxonomy of competency domains for the health professions and competencies for physicians. Acad Med. 2013;88:1088-1094.
10. Institute of Medicine, Committee on Understanding and Eliminating Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2003.
11. Institute of Medicine. The Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People: Building a Foundation for Better Understanding. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2011.
12. Thornicroft G, Rose D, Kassam A. Discrimination in health care against people with mental illness. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2007;19:113-122.
13. Puhl RM, Andreyeva T, Brownell KD. Perceptions of weight discrimination: Prevalence and comparison to race and gender discrimination in America. Int J Obes (Lond). 2008;32:992-1000.
14. Betancourt JR, Green AR, Carrillo JE, Ananeh-Firempong O 2nd. Defining cultural competence: A practical framework for addressing racial/ethnic disparities in health and health care. Public Health Rep. 2003;118:293-302.
15. Metzl JM, Hansen H. Structural competency: Theorizing a new medical engagement with stigma and inequality. Soc Sci Med. 2014;103:126-133.
16. Kris-Etherton PM, Akabas SR, Douglas P, et al. Nutrition competencies in health professionals' education and training: A new paradigm. Adv Nutr. 2015;6:83-87.
17. Klick JC, Friebert S, Hutton N, et al; American Board of Hospice and Palliative Medicine Competencies Work Group. Developing competencies for pediatric hospice and palliative medicine. Pediatrics. 2014;134:e1670-e1677.
18. Eckstrand KL, Leibowitz S, Potter J, et al. Chapter 3: Professional competency objectives to improve health care for people who are or may be LGBT, gender nonconforming, and/or born with DSD. In: Association of American Medical Colleges, ed. Implementing Curricular and Institutional Climate Changes to Improve Health Care for Individuals Who Are LGBT, Gender Nonconforming, or Born With DSD: A Resource for Medical Educators. http://www.aamc.org/lgbtdsd. Washington, DC; 2014. Accessed December 2, 2015.
19. Adelson SL, Walter HJ, Bukstein OG, et al. Practice parameter on gay, lesbian, or bisexual sexual orientation, gender nonconformity, and gender discordance in children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2012;51:957-974.
20. Satterfield J; UCSF Chancellor's GLBT Issues Advisory Sub-Committee on Curriculum. UCSF tool for assessing cultural competence training-LGBT adaptations [unpublished report].
21. Reitman DS, Austin B, Belkind U, et al. Recommendations for promoting the health and well-being of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender adolescents: A position paper of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. J Adolesc Health. 2013;52:506-510.
22. American Academy of Family Physicians. Recommended curriculum guidelines for family medicine residents: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender health. 2014. http://www.aafp.org/dam/AAFP/documents/medical-education-residency/program-directors/Reprint289D-LGBT.pdf. Accessed November 17, 2015.
23. Obedin-Maliver J, Goldsmith ES, Stewart L, et al. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgenderrelated content in undergraduate medical education. JAMA. 2011;306:971-977.
24. Tamas RL, Miller KH, Martin LJ, Greenberg RB. Addressing patient sexual orientation in the undergraduate medical education curriculum. Acad Psychiatry. 2010;34: 342-345.
25. Grant JM, Mottet LA, Tanis J, Herman JL, Harrison J, Keisling M. Injustice at Every Turn: A Report of the National Transgender Discrimination Survey. Washington, DC: National Center for Transgender Equality; 2011.
26. Makadon HJ, Mayer KH, Potter J, Goldhammer H. Fenway Guide to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Health. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: American College of Physicians; 2015.
27. Hughes IA, Houk C, Ahmed SF, Lee PA; Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society/European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology Consensus Group. Consensus statement on management of intersex disorders. J Pediatr Urol. 2006;2:148-162.
28. Dreger AD. A history of intersexuality: From the age of gonads to the age of consent. J Clin Ethics. 1998;9:345-355.
29. Diamond M, Garland J. Evidence regarding cosmetic and medically unnecessary surgery on infants. J Pediatr Urol. 2014;10:2-6.
30. Lambda Legal. When health care isn't caring: Lambda Legal's survey of discrimination against LGBT people and people living with HIV. 2010. http://www.lambdalegal.org/sites/default/files/publications/downloads/whcicreport-when-health-care-isnt-caring.pdf. Accessed November 17, 2015.
31. Sandberg DE, Gardner M, Cohen-Kettenis PT. Psychological aspects of the treatment of patients with disorders of sex development. Semin Reprod Med. 2012;30:443-452.
32. Kitts RL. Barriers to optimal care between physicians and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning adolescent patients. J Homosex. 2010;57:730-747.
33. Eckstrand K, Lomis K, Rawn L. An LGBTIinclusive sexual history taking standardized patient case. MedEdPORTAL. 2012. https://www.mededportal.org/publication/9218. Accessed December 3, 2015.
34. Sanchez NF, Rabatin J, Sanchez JP, Hubbard S, Kalet A. Medical students' ability to care for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgendered patients. Fam Med. 2006;38:21-27.
35. Wimberly YH, Hogben M, Moore-Ruffin J, Moore SE, Fry-Johnson Y. Sexual historytaking among primary care physicians. J Natl Med Assoc. 2006;98:1924-1929.
36. Burke SE, Dovidio JF, Przedworski JM, et al. Do contact and empathy mitigate bias against gay and lesbian people among heterosexual first-year medical students?. A report from the medical student CHANGE study. Acad Med. 2015;90:645-651.
37. Association of American Medical Colleges. Written communication with Kristen L. Eckstrand. March 2015.
38. Ali A, Scior K, Ratti V, Strydom A, King M, Hassiotis A. Discrimination and other barriers to accessing health care: Perspectives of patients with mild and moderate intellectual disability and their carers. PLoS One. 2013;8:e70855.
39. Stålnacke BM, Haukenes I, Lehti A, Wiklund AF, Wiklund M, Hammarström A. Is there a gender bias in recommendations for further rehabilitation in primary care of patients with chronic pain after an interdisciplinary team assessment?. J Rehabil Med. 2015;47:365-371.
40. Bayer CR. Chapter 4: Integrating competencies into medical school curricula to improve health care for people who are or may be LGBT, gender nonconforming, and/or born with DSD. In: Association of American Medical Colleges, ed. Implementing Curricular and Institutional Climate Changes to Improve Health Care for Individuals Who Are LGBT, Gender Nonconforming, or Born With DSD: A Resource for Medical Educators. http://www.aamc.org/lgbtdsd. Accessed December 3, 2015.
41. Satterfield J. Chapter 6: How to assess learners and evaluate the impact of curricular and climate initiatives. In: Association of American Medical Colleges, ed. Implementing Curricular and Institutional Climate Changes to Improve Health Care for Individuals Who Are LGBT, Gender Nonconforming, or Born With DSD: A Resource for Medical Educators. http://www.aamc.org/lgbtdsd. Accessed December 3, 2015.