New insights in the pathogenesis of autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy

Volumn 42, Issue 5, 2015, Pages 287-293

  Barcellini, Wilma ^a  

^a MAGGIORE HOSPITAL   (Italy)

Author keywords

Autoantibodies; Autoimmune hemolytic anemia; Cytokines

Indexed keywords

AUTOANTIBODY; BENDAMUSTINE; COMPLEMENT COMPONENT C1; CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTE ANTIGEN 4; ECULIZUMAB; FC RECEPTOR; FLUDARABINE; GAMMA INTERFERON; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G ANTIBODY; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G1; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G2; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G4; IMMUNOGLOBULIN M ANTIBODY; INTERLEUKIN 10; INTERLEUKIN 12; INTERLEUKIN 13; INTERLEUKIN 2; INTERLEUKIN 4; RITUXIMAB; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA;

ACUTE KIDNEY FAILURE; ANTIBODY DEPENDENT CELLULAR CYTOTOXICITY; AUTOIMMUNE HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA; CD8+ T LYMPHOCYTE; CELL DESTRUCTION; CHRONIC LYMPHATIC LEUKEMIA; CYTOKINE RELEASE; CYTOTOXICITY; ERYTHROBLAST; HUMAN; IMMUNOLOGICAL TOLERANCE; INTRAVASCULAR HEMOLYSIS; LYMPHOID ORGAN; NATURAL KILLER CELL; PAROXYSMAL NOCTURNAL HEMOGLOBINURIA; PATHOGENESIS; PHAGOCYTOSIS; REVIEW; SPLENECTOMY;

EID: 84954225454     PISSN: 16603796     EISSN: 16603818     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000439002     Document Type: Review

References (54)

1. Petz LD, Garratty G. Immune Hemolytic Anemias, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Churchill Livingstone, 2004.
2. Berentsen S. How I manage cold agglutinin disease. Br J Haematol 2011; 153: 309-317.
3. Gehrs BC, Friedberg RC. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Am J Hematol 2002; 69: 258-271.
4. Abbas AK, Lichtman AH, Pillai S. Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Philadelphia, Saunders, 2012.
5. McQueen F. A B cell explanation for autoimmune disease: the forbidden clone returns. Postgrad Med J. 2012; 88: 226-233.
6. Garratty G, Arndt PA. Drugs that have been shown to cause drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia or positive direct antiglobulin tests: some interesting findings since 2007. Immunohematology 2014; 30: 66-79.
7. Salama A. Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2009; 8: 73-79.
8. Ahrens N, Pruss A, Kahne A, Kiesewetter H, Salama A. Coexistence of autoantibodies and alloantibodies to red blood cells due to blood transfusion. Transfusion 2007; 47: 813-816.
9. Alijotas-Reig J. Human adjuvant-related syndrome or autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants. Where have we come from?. Where are we going?. A proposal for new diagnostic criteria. Lupus 2015; 2015, doi: 10.1177/0961203315579092.
10. Barcellini W, Fattizzo B, Zaninoni A, Radice T, Nichele I, Di Bona E, Lunghi M, Tassinari C, Alfinito F, Ferrari A, Leporace AP, Niscola P, Carpenedo M, Boschetti C, Revelli N, Villa MA, Consonni D, Scaramucci L, De Fabritiis P, Tagariello G, Gaidano G, Rodeghiero F, Cortelezzi A, Zanella A. Clinical heterogeneity and predictors of outcome in primary autoimmune hemolytic anemia: a GIMEMA study of 308 patients. Blood 2014; 124: 2930-2936.
11. Fattizzo B, Zaninoni A, Nesa F, Sciumbata VM, Zanella A, Cortelezzi A, Barcellini W. Lessons from very severe, refractory and fatal primary autoimmune hemolytic anemias. Am J Hematol 2015; 90:E149-151.
12. Arndt PA, Leger RM, Garratty G. Serologic findings in autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with immunoglobulin M warm autoantibodies Transfusion 2009; 49: 235-242.
13. Bartolmas T, Salama A. A dual antiglobulin test for the detection of weak or nonagglutinating immunoglobulin M warm autoantibodies. Transfusion 2010; 50: 1131-1134.
14. Bass GF, Tuscano ET, Tuscano JM. Diagnosis and classification of autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Autoimmun Rev 2014; 13: 560-564.
15. Garratty G. Immune hemolytic anemia caused by drugs. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2012; 11: 635-642.
16. Packman CH. Hemolytic anemia due to warm autoantibodies. Blood Rev 2008; 22: 17-31.
17. Dacie J. Auto-immune haemolytic anaemia [AIHA]: pathogenesis; in Dacie J (ed): The Haemolytic Anaemias. Vol. 3. London, Churchill Livingstone, 1992, pp. 392-451.
18. Kurlander RJ, Rosse WF, Logue GL. Quantitative influence of antibody and complement coating of red cells on monocyte-mediated cell lysis. J Clin Invest 1978; 61: 1309-1319.
19. Berentsen S, Beiske K, Tjonnfjord GE. Primary chronic cold agglutinin disease: an update on pathogenesis, clinical features and therapy. Hematology 2007; 12: 361-370.
20. Berentsen S, Ulvestad E, Langholm R, Beiske K, Hjorth-Hansen H, Ghanima W, Sorbo JH, Tjonnfjord GE. Primary chronic cold agglutinin disease: a population based clinical study of 86 patients. Haematologica 2006; 91: 460-466.
21. Swiecicki PL, Hegerova LT, Gertz MA. Cold agglutinin disease. Blood 2013; 122: 1114-1121.
22. Ulvestad E, Berentsen S, Mollnes TE : Acute phase haemolysis in chronic cold agglutinin disease. Scand J Immunol 2001; 54: 239-242.
23. Roth A, Huttmann A, Rother RP, Duhrsen U, Philipp T. Long-Term efficacy of the complement inhibitor eculizumab in cold agglutinin disease. Blood 2009; 113: 3885-3886
24. Hill A, Rother RP, Arnold L, Kelly R, Cullen MJ, Richards SJ, Hillmen P. Eculizumab prevents intravascular hemolysis in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and unmasks low-level extravascular hemolysis occurring through C3 opsonization. Haematologica 2010; 95: 567-573.
25. Shi J, Rose EL, Singh A, Hussain S, Stagliano NE, Parry GC, Panicker S. TNT003, an inhibitor of the serine protease C1s, prevents complement activation induced by cold agglutinins. Blood 2014; 123: 4015-4022.
26. Wouters D, Stephan F, Strengers P, de Haas M, Brouwer C, Hagenbeek A, van Oers MH, Zeerleder S. C1-Esterase inhibitor concentrate rescues erythrocytes from complement-mediated destruction in autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Blood 2013; 121: 1242-1244.
27. Risitano AM, Notaro R, Pascariello C, Sica M, del Vecchio L, Horvath CJ, Fridkis-Hareli M, Selleri C, Lindorfer MA, Taylor RP, Luzzatto L, Holers VM. The complement receptor 2/factor H fusion protein TT30 protects paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria erythrocytes from complement-mediated hemolysis and C3 fragment. Blood 2012; 119: 6307-6316.
28. Risitano AM, Ricklin D, Huang Y, Reis ES, Chen H, Ricci P, Lin Z, Pascariello C, Raia M, Sica M, Del Vecchio L, Pane F, Lupu F, Notaro R, Resuello RR, DeAngelis RA, Lambris JD. Peptide inhibitors of C3 activation as a novel strategy of complement inhibition for the treatment of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Blood 2014; 123: 2094-2101.
29. Harboe M, van Furth R, Schubothe H, Lind K, Evans RS. Exclusive occurrence of K chains in isolated cold haemagglutinins. Scand J Haematol 1965: 2:259-266.
30. Berentsen S, Tjonnfjord GE. Diagnosis and treatment of cold agglutinin mediated autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Blood Rev 2012; 26: 107-115.
31. Berentsen S, Randen U, Vagan AM, Hjorth-Hansen H, Vik A, Dalgaard J, Jacobsen EM, Thoresen AS, Beiske K, Tjonnfjord GE. High response rate and durable remissions following fludarabine and rituximab combination therapy for chronic cold agglutinin disease. Blood 2010; 116: 3180-3184.
32. Quinquenel A, Willekens C, Dupuis J, Royer B, Ysebaert L, De Guibert S, Michallet AS, Feugier P, Guieze R, Levy V, Delmer A. Bendamustine and rituximab combination in the management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia-Associated autoimmune hemolytic anemia: a multicentric retrospective study of the French CLL intergroup (GCFLLC/MW and GOELAMS). Am J Hematol 2015; 90: 204-207.
33. Carson KR, Beckwith LG, Mehta J. Successful treatment of IgM-mediated autoimmune hemolytic anemia with bortezomib. Blood 2010; 115: 915.
34. Fagiolo E. Immunological tolerance loss vs. erythrocyte self antigens and cytokine network disregulation in autoimmune hemolytic anaemia. Autoimmun Rev 2004; 3: 53-59.
35. Gilsanz F, de La Serna J, Molto L, Alvarez-Mon M. Hemolytic anemia in chronic large granular lymphocytic leukemia of natural killer cells: cytotoxicity of natural killer cells against autologous red cells is associated with hemolysis. Transfusion 1996; 36: 463-466.
36. Xu L, Zhang T, Liu Z, Li Q, Xu Z, Ren T. Critical role of Th17 cells in development of autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Exp Hematol 2012; 40: 994-1004.
37. Ward FJ, Hall AM, Cairns LS, Leggat AS, Urbaniak SJ, Vickers MA, Barker RN. Clonal regulatory T cells specific for a red blood cell autoantigen in human autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Blood 2008; 111: 680-687.
38. Sakaguchi S, Ono M, Setoguchi R, Yagi H, Hori S, Fehervari Z, Shimizu J, Takahashi T, Nomura T. Foxp3+CD25+ CD4+ natural regulatory T cells in dominant self-Tolerance and autoimmune disease. Immunol Rev 2006; 212: 8-27.
39. Ahmad E, Elgohary T, Ibrahim H. Naturally occurring regulatory T cells and interleukins 10 and 12 in the pathogenesis of idiopathic warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2011; 21: 297-304.
40. Barcellini W, Clerici G, Montesano R, Taioli E, Morelati F, Rebulla P, Zanella A. In vitro quantification of anti-red blood cell antibody production in idiopathic autoimmune haemolytic anaemia: effect of mitogen and cytokine stimulation. Br J Haematol 2000; 111: 452-460.
41. Toriani-Terenzi C, Fagiolo E. IL-10 and the cytokine network in the pathogenesis of human autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2005; 1051: 29-44.
42. Barcellini W, Zaja F, Zaninoni A, Imperiali FG, Battista ML, Di Bona E, Fattizzo B, Consonni D, Cortelezzi A, Fanin R, Zanella A. Low-Dose rituximab in adult patients with idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia: clinical efficacy and biologic studies. Blood 2012; 119: 3691-3697.
43. Lechner K, U Jager U. How I treat autoimmune hemolytic anemias in adults. Blood 2010; 16: 1831-1838.
44. Crowther M, Chan YL, Garbett IK, Lim W, Vickers MA, Crowther MA. Evidence-based focused review of the treatment of idiopathic warm immune hemolytic anemia in adults. Blood 2011; 118: 4036-4040.
45. Mahevas M, Michel M, Vingert B, Moroch J, Boutboul D, Audia S, Cagnard N, Ripa J, Menard C, Tarte K, Megret J, Le Gallou S, Patin P, Thai L, Galicier L, Bonnotte B, Godeau B, Noizat-Pirenne F, Weill JC, Reynaud CA. Emergence of long-lived autoreactive plasma cells in the spleen of primary warm auto-immune hemolytic anemia patients treated with rituximab. J Autoimmun 2015; doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2015.05.006.
46. Conley CL, Lippman SM, Ness P. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia with reticulocytopenia. A medical emergency. JAMA 1980; 244: 1688-1690.
47. Liesveld JL, Rowe JM, Lichtman MA. Variability of the erythrocyte response in autoimmune hemolytic anemias: analysis of 109 cases. Blood 1987; 69: 820-826.
48. Aladjidi N, Leverger G, Leblanc T, Picat MQ, Michel G, Bertrand Y, Bader-Meunier B, Robert A, Nelken B, Gandemer V, Savel H, Stephan JL, Fouyssac F, Jeanpetit J, Thomas C, Rohrlich P, Baruchel A, Fischer A, Chene G, Perel Y; Centre de Reference National des Cytopenies Auto-immunes de lEnfant (CEREVANCE): New insights into childhood autoimmune hemolytic anemia: a French national observational study of 265 children. Haematologica 2011; 96: 655-663.
49. Arbach O, Funck R, Seibt F, Salama A. Erythropoietin may improve anemia in patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with reticulocytopenia. Transfus Med Hemother 2012; 39: 221-223.
50. Kuter DJ. The biology of thrombopoietin and thrombopoietin receptor agonists. Int J Hematol 2013; 98: 10-23.
51. Akl EA, Ramly EP, Kahale LA, Yosuico VE, Barba M, Sperati F, Cook D, Schunemann H. Anticoagulation for people with cancer and central venous catheters. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; 10:CD006468.
52. Wang M, Wang W, Abeywardane A, Adikarama M, McLornan D, Raj K, de Lavallade H, Devereux S, Mufti GJ, Pagliuca A, Potter VT, Mijovic A. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: analysis of 533 adult patients who underwent transplantation at Kings College Hospital. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2015; 21: 60-66.
53. Hoffman PC. Immune hemolytic anemia-selected topics. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2009: 80-86.
54. ElAnsary M, Hanna MO, Saadi G, ElShazly M, Fadel FI, Ahmed HA, Aziz AM, ElSharnouby A, Kandeel MM. Passenger lymphocyte syndrome in ABO and Rhesus D minor mismatched liver and kidney transplantation: A prospective analysis. Hum Immunol 2015; 76: 447-452.